Pressure-bearing retractable balancing device arranged between primary support and secondary lining of tunnel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pressure-bearing retractable balancing device arranged between a primary support and a secondary lining of a tunnel. The pressure-bearing retractable balancing device is composed of two sliding rail contact plates, two inclined plates, a secondary lining contact plate and two compression springs. The middle part of the sliding rail contact plate is welded with the upper end parts of the inclined plates at an angle alpha, the two inclined plates are oppositely arranged on the secondary lining contact plate, so that the sliding rail contact plate is parallel to the secondary lining contact plate, and the branch hinges at the two ends of the secondary lining contact plate are respectively overlapped with the branch hinges in the middle parts of the two inclined plates; a compression spring is arranged between supporting hinges on two sides of the inclined plate, and two ends of the compression spring are respectively in U-shaped contact with the inclined plate and the secondary lining contact plate; the connecting bolts penetrate through the branch hinges and the compression springs, and the two ends are fixed through the nuts to form a pressure-bearing retractable balance device; two L-shaped plates are taken, short edges of the L-shaped plates are coplanar and spaced, holes are formed at equal intervals, and positioning bolts penetrate through holes to fix the L-shaped plates on the surface of the primary support to form a sliding rail device; and the sliding rail contact plates of the multiple pressure-bearing retractable balance devices are in contact with the sliding rail devices to slide in, secondary lining is carried out, and the pressure-bearing retractable balance devices are arranged between the primary support and the secondary lining of the tunnel.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of tunnel engineering, and relates to a pressure-bearing compressible balancing device arranged between an initial support and a secondary lining of a tunnel. BACKGROUND

[0002] In tunnel engineering, different degrees of deformation of surrounding rock lead to damage of lining structures, and tunnel collapse accidents are prone to occur. A buffer layer is often selected to be arranged between the initial support and the secondary lining, and substances such as foamed concrete, polyethylene foam board and rubber sponge are filled in the buffer layer to absorb the deformation of the surrounding rock by compression of the buffer layer itself. However, the thickness of the buffer layer is often relatively large, which leads to an increase in the thickness of the entire lining structure. In addition, a resistance limiter is also selected to be arranged between the initial support and the secondary lining in a tunnel with large deformation of soft rock, so as to resist large deformation of the surrounding rock by the strength and the hollow compressible part of the resistance limiter. However, the strength of the resistance limiter is relatively high, and the elastic limit of the resistance limiter is also relatively high, which may cause damage to the secondary lining structure when resisting the deformation of the surrounding rock. Therefore, the problem of producing a device with an adjustable thickness, a thickness smaller than that of the buffer layer and an elastic limit lower than that of the resistance limiter needs to be solved, so that the thickness of the entire lining of the tunnel can be reduced, and the secondary lining structure can be better protected while absorbing the deformation of the surrounding rock. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present application is to design a pressure-bearing compressible balancing device arranged between an initial support and a secondary lining of a tunnel. The present application is implemented through the following technical scheme:

[0004] The pressure-bearing compressible balancing device is composed of two sliding rail contact plates, two inclined plates, a secondary lining contact plate and two compression springs. The middle part of the sliding rail contact plate is welded with the upper end part of the inclined plate at an angle "α", the two inclined plates are arranged opposite on the secondary lining contact plate, the sliding rail contact plate is parallel to the secondary lining contact plate, the two end supports of the secondary lining contact plate are respectively coincided with the middle supports of the two inclined plates, the compression spring is arranged between the two side supports of the inclined plate, the two ends of the compression spring are respectively in "U" type contact with the inclined plate and the secondary lining contact plate, the connecting bolt is passed through the support and the compression spring, and the nut is fixed at both ends to form the pressure-bearing compressible balancing device. Two "L" type plates are taken, the short edges of the two "L" type plates are coplanar and spaced apart, the holes are equidistantly arranged, and the positioning bolt is passed through the holes to fix the two "L" type plates on the surface of the initial support to form a sliding rail device. The sliding rail contact plates of a plurality of pressure-bearing compressible balancing devices are contacted and slid into the sliding rail device, the secondary lining is formed, and the pressure-bearing compressible balancing device is arranged between the initial support and the secondary lining of the tunnel.

[0005] The materials of the secondary lining contact plate, the inclined plate, the sliding rail contact plate and the compression spring can be selected according to the actual working conditions.

[0006] The welding of the middle part of the sliding rail contact plate with the upper end part of the inclined plate refers to welding the smaller narrow section of the inclined plate with the middle part of the sliding rail contact plate.

[0007] The inclined plate and the slide rail contact plate form an angle α, which ranges from 30° to 60°. The specific angle can be determined within the specified range according to the deformation capacity of the surrounding rock in the actual project. As the angle increases, the deformation capacity of the device increases and the resistance to deformation of the surrounding rock is enhanced, and vice versa.

[0008] The slide rail contact plate is parallel to the secondary lining contact plate, so that the inclined plate and the secondary lining contact plate are also at an angle "α".

[0009] The two inclined plates are placed opposite each other on the secondary lining contact plate, which means that the two inclined plates are placed opposite each other on the same secondary lining contact plate, so that the two inclined plates are at a "180°-2α" angle and the shape is "V".

[0010] The aforementioned hinge is prefabricated and welded to the left and right sides at a distance of 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 from both ends on the long side of the secondary lining contact plate, in the middle of the inclined plate. It has a round hole to allow the connecting bolt to pass through. The connecting bolt passes through the inclined plate, the hinge of the secondary lining contact plate, and the central hole of the compression spring, and is fixed as a whole with a nut.

[0011] The compression spring is placed between the hinges on both sides of the secondary lining contact plate, so that when the connecting bolt passes through the hinge, it can pass smoothly through the compression spring at the same time, so that the compression spring is connected to the slide rail contact plate, the inclined plate, and the secondary lining contact plate as a whole.

[0012] The compression spring has "U" shaped contact with the inclined plate and the second lining contact plate at both ends. When making the compression spring, the number of turns, the ring spacing and the radius are determined according to the actual working conditions. The ends of the compression spring are extended to the contact surface and are at 90° with the contact surface. The curved part is rounded.

[0013] The compression spring is U-shaped and contacts the surface. The spring is U-shaped on the contact surface, which increases the contact area of ​​the spring and makes the force uniform. The contact surface of the slide rail and the inclined plate are subjected to radial surrounding rock pressure, which causes the compression spring to be compressed circumferentially.

[0014] The two "L"-shaped plates have two short sides that are coplanar and spaced apart. The short sides are in contact with the initial support of the tunnel, and the deformation of the surrounding rock can compress the slide rail contact plate, so that 80% to 90% of the area of ​​the slide rail contact plate is exposed to the surrounding rock. The distance between the long sides is 3-5mm wider than the slide rail contact plate. The height of the long side of the "L"-shaped plate is 70% to 80% of the height of the pressure-bearing retractable device.

[0015] The aforementioned equidistant openings on the short side, through which positioning bolts are inserted and fixed to the surface of the tunnel's initial support, are designed to ensure that the slide rail device is fixed to the inner surface of the tunnel's initial support. Furthermore, the positioning bolts are seamlessly fixed to the short side of the "L"-shaped plate of the slide rail device, fully entering the surface of the short side of the "L"-shaped plate, allowing the slide rail contact plate to move smoothly within the slide rail device. Multiple slide rail devices can be arranged along the tunnel's circumference, either closely spaced in pairs or evenly spaced. They can also be arranged at key locations for surrounding rock deformation, such as the arch crown, arch shoulder, arch waist, arch foot, and arch bottom.

[0016] The sliding contact plates of the multiple pressure-bearing retractable balancing devices slide into the sliding rail device, leaving a 3-5mm gap on both sides of the sliding rail device to ensure that the pressure-bearing retractable balancing devices can move smoothly within the sliding rail device. The sliding rails are installed sequentially along the circumferential direction, and the multiple pressure-bearing retractable balancing devices are slid into the sliding rail device in sequence, so that the pressure-bearing retractable balancing devices are evenly arranged in the tunnel along the axial and circumferential directions.

[0017] The secondary lining is constructed by placing the pressure-bearing and compressible balancing device between the tunnel's primary support and the secondary lining. The secondary lining is then constructed directly on the surface of the secondary lining contact plate, and the pressure-bearing and compressible balancing device and the slide rail device are completely fixed between the primary support and the secondary lining.

[0018] As can be seen from the technical solution of the present invention, the manufacturing method of the pressure-bearing retractable balancing device placed between the primary support and the secondary lining of the tunnel mainly consists of the following six steps: ① The middle part of the slide rail contact plate and the upper part of the inclined plate are welded at an angle "α". The two inclined plates are placed opposite each other on the secondary lining contact plate, so that the slide rail contact plate is parallel to the secondary lining contact plate. The two ends of the secondary lining contact plate are respectively aligned with the middle ends of the two inclined plates; ② A compression spring is placed between the two sides of the inclined plate, and its two ends are in "U"-shaped contact with the inclined plate and the secondary lining contact plate; ③ The connecting bolts are passed through the hinges and the compression spring, and the nuts are fixed at both ends to form a pressure-bearing retractable balancing device; ④ Two "L"-shaped plates are taken, with their short sides coplanar and spaced apart, and holes are opened at equal intervals. The positioning bolts are passed through the holes and fixed to the surface of the primary support to form a slide rail device; ⑥ The slide rail contact plates of multiple pressure-bearing retractable balancing devices are slid into contact with the slide rail device and the secondary lining is installed, so that the pressure-bearing retractable balancing device is placed between the primary support and the secondary lining of the tunnel. The above technical solution creates a device with an adjustable thickness, less than the buffer layer thickness, and an elastic limit lower than that of the limiter, thus effectively solving the problem of resisting surrounding rock deformation and protecting the support structure. This provides a better option among materials and devices for resisting surrounding rock deformation in tunnel construction. Furthermore, the overall manufacturing process of this invention is relatively easy to implement, facilitating the successful fabrication of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a pressure-bearing, compressible balancing device placed between the tunnel's initial support and secondary lining.

[0020] Figure 2A schematic diagram of a pressure-bearing, collapsible balancing device placed within a slide rail assembly;

[0021] Figure 3 A spatial isometric schematic diagram of a pressure-bearing, compressible balancing device;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a side view of a pressure-bearing, collapsible balancing device.

[0023] Figure 5 A front view of the pressure-bearing, collapsible balancing device;

[0024] Among them, 1—secondary lining contact plate; 2—inclined plate; 3—support hinge; 4—connecting bolt; 5—slide rail contact plate; 6—compression spring; 7—nut; 8—slide rail device; 9—positioning bolt; 10—secondary lining; 11—initial support; 12—pressure-bearing retractable balancing device Detailed Implementation

[0025] This invention provides a pressure-bearing, compressible balancing device placed between the primary support and secondary lining of a tunnel. To make the invention's purpose, technical solution, and effects clearer and more explicit, the following uses schematic diagrams to further illustrate its implementation. It should be understood that the schematic diagrams described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Specific implementation methods are as follows:

[0026] The fabrication of a pressure-bearing compressible balancing device placed between the primary support and secondary lining of a tunnel consists of the following six steps: The middle part of the slide rail contact plate (5) is welded to the upper end of the inclined plate (2) at an angle “α”; the two inclined plates (2) are placed opposite each other on the secondary lining contact plate (1), making the slide rail contact plate (5) parallel to the secondary lining contact plate (1); the hinges (3) at both ends of the secondary lining contact plate (1) overlap with the hinges (3) in the middle of the two inclined plates (2); a compression spring (6) is placed between the hinges (3) on both sides of the inclined plate (2), with its two ends at an angle of “α” to the inclined plate (2) and the secondary lining contact plate (1). U-shaped contact; pass the connecting bolt (4) through the support (3) and compression spring (6), and fix the two ends with the nut (7) to form a pressure-bearing retractable balancing device (12); take two "L" shaped plates with their short sides coplanar and spaced apart, and make holes at equal intervals. Use the positioning bolt (9) to fix them to the surface of the primary support (11) to form a slide rail device (8); slide the slide rail contact plate (5) of multiple pressure-bearing retractable balancing devices (12) into contact with the slide rail device (8) and slide it in to form the secondary lining (10), so that the pressure-bearing retractable balancing device (12) is placed between the tunnel primary support (11) and the secondary lining (10).

[0027] The materials used to make the secondary lining contact plate (1), inclined plate (2), slide rail contact plate (5) and compression spring (6) are Q235 steel.

[0028] The secondary lining contact plate (1) is made according to the device size required by the actual working conditions of the tunnel construction, and its shape is a cuboid. On the long side of the secondary lining contact plate (1), at 1 / 4 of the distance from both ends, the left and right hinges (3) are welded respectively. The size of the hinges (3) is determined according to the secondary lining contact plate (1).

[0029] The inclined plate (2) and the slide rail contact plate (5) are made according to the size of the secondary lining contact plate (1), and their shape is cuboid. Two hinges (3) are welded to the middle of the long side of the inclined plate (2), and their shape and size are exactly the same as the hinges (3) of the secondary lining contact plate (1). The upper end of the inclined plate (2) is welded to the middle of the slide rail contact plate (5) so that the slide rail contact plate (5) is parallel to the secondary lining contact plate (1).

[0030] Based on the actual deformation range of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, the number of coils, ring spacing, radius and elastic modulus of the compression spring (6) are determined, and the angle α between the inclined plate (2) and the secondary lining contact plate (1) is determined to be 45°.

[0031] Two inclined plates (2) are placed on the same secondary lining contact plate (1) at the same time, with the inclined plates (2) at 45° to the secondary lining contact plate (1) and the two inclined plates (2) at 90° to each other.

[0032] The two ends of the compression spring (6) are extended along a straight line to the surface of the inclined plate (2) and the second lining contact plate (1), so that the compression spring (6) is in a "U" shape and contacts the surface. The number of turns, the ring spacing and the thickness are determined according to the actual working conditions.

[0033] The inclined plate (2) is at 45° to the secondary lining contact plate (1), and the hole of the hinge (3) on the inclined plate (2) is completely coincident with the hole of the hinge (3) on the secondary lining contact plate (1). The compression spring (6) is placed in the middle of the two hinges (3), and the hole therein is completely coincident with the hole in the hinge (3). The connecting bolt (4) passes through the holes of the hinge (3) and the compression spring (6), and is fixed at both ends by nuts (7) to form a whole.

[0034] The slide rail device (8) consists of two “L” shaped plates with two short sides coplanar and separated, and holes are opened at equal intervals on the short sides. The short sides are in contact with the inner surface of the tunnel initial support (11).

[0035] The two short sides of the slide rail device (8) are coplanar and separated. 90% of the area of ​​the slide rail contact plate (5) is exposed to the surrounding rock. The deformation of the surrounding rock can compress the slide rail contact plate (1). The distance between the long sides of the "L"-shaped plate is 4mm wider than that of the slide rail contact plate (5). The height of the long side is 70% of the height of the pressure-bearing compressible smooth (12) device.

[0036] The positioning bolt (9) is drilled into the surface of the tunnel initial support (11) through the hole on the short side of the slide rail device (8) to fix the slide rail device (8), and the slide rail devices (8) are arranged closely together in pairs along the tunnel circumference.

[0037] The slide rail contact plate (5) of the pressure-bearing retractable balancing device (12) contacts the slide rail device (8). There is a 4mm gap between the slide rail device (8) and the two sides of the pressure-bearing retractable balancing device (12). The pressure-bearing retractable balancing device (12) is slid in multiple times to install the pressure-bearing retractable balancing device (12).

[0038] The secondary lining (10) is constructed directly on the surface of the secondary lining contact plate (1), and the pressure-bearing collapsible balancing device (12) and the slide rail device (8) are completely fixed between the primary support (11) and the secondary lining (10).

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment. The scope of protection of this invention is not limited thereto; any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A pressure-bearing, compressible balancing device placed between the primary support and secondary lining of a tunnel, characterized in that: It consists of two slide rail contact plates, two inclined plates, a secondary lining contact plate, and two compression springs. The middle part of the slide rail contact plate is welded to the upper part of the inclined plate at an angle "α". The two inclined plates are placed opposite each other on the secondary lining contact plate, so that the slide rail contact plate is parallel to the secondary lining contact plate. The hinges at both ends of the secondary lining contact plate coincide with the hinges in the middle of the two inclined plates. The compression spring is placed between the hinges on both sides of the inclined plate, and its two ends make "U"-shaped contact with the inclined plate and the secondary lining contact plate respectively. The connecting bolts are passed through the hinges and the compression springs, and the nuts are fixed at both ends to form a pressure-bearing and retractable balancing device. Two "L"-shaped plates are taken, with their short sides coplanar and spaced apart, with holes at equal intervals. The positioning bolts are passed through the holes and fixed to the surface of the primary support to form a slide rail device. The slide rail contact plates of multiple pressure-bearing and retractable balancing devices are slid into the slide rail device to form the secondary lining, so that the pressure-bearing and retractable balancing device is placed between the primary support and the secondary lining of the tunnel. The dimensions and shapes of the secondary lining contact plate, inclined plate, and slide rail contact plate can be made in different sizes according to the actual working conditions, and can be rectangular or square. The middle part of the slide rail contact plate is welded to the upper part of the inclined plate at an angle "α", which ranges from 30° to 60°. The two inclined plates are placed opposite each other on the secondary lining contact plate, which means that the two inclined plates are placed on the same secondary lining contact plate at the same time, so that the two inclined plates are at "180°-2α" and the shape is "V". The two ends of the secondary lining contact plate are connected to the middle of the two inclined plates, and the two supports are completely identical in shape and size. They are prefabricated and welded to the left and right sides at 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the distance from the two ends of the long side of the secondary lining contact plate, in the middle of the inclined plates. The two "L"-shaped plates have their short sides coplanar and spaced apart, so that 80% to 90% of the area of ​​the slide rail contact plate is exposed on the initial support surface. The distance between their long sides is 3 to 5 mm wider than that of the slide rail contact plate. The height of the long side of the "L"-shaped plate is 70% to 80% of the height of the pressure-bearing retractable device.

2. The pressure-bearing compressible balancing device placed between the primary support and secondary lining of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide rail device, consisting of two "L"-shaped plates, is installed in conjunction with a pressure-bearing and collapsible balancing device, and is placed between the tunnel's initial support and secondary lining. The aforementioned sliding rail device can be arranged in multiple ways along the tunnel circumference. It can be arranged in pairs close together or in pairs evenly spaced apart. It can also be arranged at key locations of surrounding rock deformation, such as the arch crown, arch shoulder, arch waist, arch foot, and arch bottom.

3. The pressure-bearing compressible balancing device placed between the primary support and secondary lining of a tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary lining contact plate, inclined plate, slide rail contact plate, and compression spring are made of steel. Different models can be selected according to the actual working conditions, and the number of coils, ring spacing, and thickness of the compression spring can be determined according to the actual working conditions.

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