Oil way system for hydraulically controlling sudden stop of header or feeding motor of silage maize harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to an oil way system for hydraulically controlling sudden stop of a header or a feeding motor of a silage maize harvester. The system comprises a hydraulic motor, a first reversing valve, a second reversing valve, a hydraulic pump and other core assemblies, the flow direction of hydraulic oil can be effectively controlled, and emergency stop protection is achieved when foreign matter enters the system. The first reversing valve is a two-position four-way reversing valve and is used for controlling the flow direction of hydraulic oil in an oil path, so that the positive and negative rotation of the hydraulic motor is realized; and the second reversing valve is a two-position three-way reversing valve, is connected with the foreign matter sensor and is used for switching oil ways when sensing foreign matters, rapidly cutting off the power of the hydraulic motor and guaranteeing the equipment safety. In addition, the oil way system is further provided with an overflow valve, and the pressure in the oil way is prevented from being too high. An intelligent control mode is adopted in the oil way system, quick response can be achieved in emergency, equipment damage and personnel injury caused by clamping stagnation of foreign matter are avoided, and high safety and reliability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model is a hydraulic control system for emergency stopping of the cutting table or feed motor of a silage harvester. Background Technology

[0002] In modern agriculture, silage harvesters are an important type of agricultural machinery widely used for harvesting and processing silage crops. The header or feed motor of a silage harvester is typically driven by a hydraulic system, and the hydraulic control system is one of the key power transmission devices in the harvester. By controlling the flow of hydraulic oil, the hydraulic motor can control the forward and reverse rotation of the header or feed motor to complete different operational tasks.

[0003] However, traditional hydraulic control systems have certain shortcomings, especially during equipment operation, where foreign objects may enter, causing jamming or overload of the cutting table or feed motor. Such malfunctions not only affect operational efficiency but may also damage the equipment and even endanger operator safety. Therefore, effectively monitoring the hydraulic circuit and responding quickly to equipment anomalies has become a technical challenge in the design of forage harvesters.

[0004] Existing technologies typically protect equipment through mechanical or electronic emergency stop systems. However, these systems are often slow to react and have limited ability to detect and handle foreign objects. They cannot effectively cut off power or adjust the operating mode in a very short time, which can lead to equipment damage or personal injury.

[0005] To address this issue, many existing hydraulic systems incorporate components such as directional control valves and foreign object sensors to optimize control and protection mechanisms. Directional control valves can switch the flow of hydraulic oil and control the rotation direction of the hydraulic motor; however, in emergency situations, conventional control methods may not respond quickly enough, making the design of an emergency stop system particularly important. By using a foreign object sensor in conjunction with a directional control valve, the hydraulic circuit can be rapidly switched when a foreign object enters the working area, protecting the mechanical system from damage.

[0006] Against this backdrop, the present invention proposes a hydraulic control system for emergency stop of the forage harvester header or feed motor. By employing a combination of a hydraulic motor, a first directional valve, a second directional valve, and a foreign object sensor, the system aims to provide a highly efficient and intelligent hydraulic system that can respond quickly in case of abnormalities, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a hydraulic control system for emergency stop of the forage harvester header or feed motor.

[0008] A hydraulic control system for emergency stop of the cutting table or feed motor of a silage harvester includes a hydraulic motor, a first directional valve, a second directional valve, and a hydraulic pump. The first directional valve controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil in the oil circuit. The hydraulic motor rotates forward or backward according to the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the oil circuit. The second directional valve controls the switching of the position of the first directional valve. The second directional valve is connected to a foreign object sensor, and the foreign object sensor controls the switching of the position of the second directional valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the two ends of the hydraulic pump are connected to the two ends of the hydraulic motor through a first oil circuit and a second oil circuit, respectively, and the first directional valve is located on the first oil circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the first directional valve is a two-position four-way directional valve, which includes a first oil port, a second oil port, a third oil port, and a fourth oil port. The first oil port is connected to the pressure pump, the third oil port is connected to the hydraulic motor, the second oil port is connected to the closed oil circuit, and the fourth oil port is connected to the second oil circuit through the third oil circuit.

[0011] The first directional valve includes a first station and a second station, with the first station being the normal station.

[0012] First station: the first oil port is connected to the third oil port, and the second oil port is connected to the fourth oil port; Second station: the first oil port is connected to the fourth oil port, and the second oil port is connected to the third oil port.

[0013] Furthermore, the second directional valve is a two-position three-way directional valve, which includes a fifth oil port, a sixth oil port, and a seventh oil port. The fifth oil port is connected to the second oil circuit, the sixth oil port is connected to the return oil tank, and the seventh oil port is connected to the control oil circuit of the first directional valve.

[0014] The second directional valve includes a third position and a fourth position, with the third position being the normal position.

[0015] First station: the sixth and seventh oil ports are connected, and the fifth oil port is closed; Second station: the fifth and seventh oil ports are connected, and the sixth oil port is closed.

[0016] Furthermore, an overflow valve is installed on the oil circuit system.

[0017] Furthermore, the first directional valve is a switching valve.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) During operation, if the cutter encounters a hard foreign object, the cutter can be stopped immediately through this oil circuit system to quickly stop the introduction of new material, while avoiding damage to the cutter by the foreign object, reducing tool wear, and improving the durability and work efficiency of the equipment.

[0020] (2) When a hard foreign object is fed into the system, the feeding motor can be stopped immediately to cut off the supply of material, prevent the foreign object from colliding with the blade, avoid splashing or further damage to the equipment, greatly improve the safety performance of the operation, and ensure the safety of the operator and the equipment.

[0021] (3) Under normal working conditions, by reducing the displacement of the hydraulic pump, the cutting motor and the feed motor can be smoothly decelerated or slowly stopped, avoiding sudden stops, reducing the impact on the hydraulic system, extending the service life of the hydraulic motor, and improving the overall system reliability and lifespan.

[0022] (4) When a hard foreign object triggers the emergency stop function, the foreign object can be quickly discharged by reversing the feeding motor and the cutting motor, saving downtime. The operation is safe and efficient, reducing the impact on production progress.

[0023] (5) The design of this structure allows for the easy addition of emergency stop valves and sensors to existing systems, facilitating the emergency stop function of the cutter motor and feed motor. The modification process is simple, and safety and protection capabilities can be improved without complex system reconstruction.

[0024] (6) This hydraulic system has a strong safety protection function, which can automatically monitor and respond in a timely manner during machine operation. When hard foreign objects such as stones and metals enter the system, the system can cut off the power source and stop working in time, thereby avoiding equipment damage and reducing the occurrence of safety accidents. At the same time, it reminds the operator to check and ensure the safety of operation and the healthy operation of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an emergency stop hydraulic system;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first directional valve;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second directional valve;

[0028] In the diagram, 1 is the hydraulic pump, 2 is the first directional valve, 3 is the relief valve, 4 is the second directional valve, 5 is the hydraulic motor, 6 is the first station, 7 is the second station, 8 is the first oil port, 9 is the second oil port, 10 is the third oil port, 11 is the fourth oil port, 12 is the third station, 13 is the fourth station, 14 is the fifth oil port, 15 is the sixth oil port, 16 is the seventh oil port, 17 is the first oil circuit, 18 is the second oil circuit, and 19 is the third oil circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enhance understanding of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0030] This embodiment introduces a hydraulic control system for emergency stop of the header or feed motor of a silage harvester. It is applicable to hydraulic systems in agricultural machinery. By controlling the flow direction and switching of the oil circuit, the forward and reverse rotation of the hydraulic motor can be controlled, and an automatic emergency stop protection is provided in conjunction with a foreign object sensor.

[0031] The hydraulic control circuit system mainly includes the following parts:

[0032] Hydraulic motor 5: Used to drive the header or feed motor of the silage harvester, and its forward and reverse rotation is controlled by the flow of hydraulic oil.

[0033] Hydraulic pump 1: Provides the required hydraulic oil flow to hydraulic motor 5.

[0034] First directional valve 2: A two-position four-way directional valve used to control the flow direction of hydraulic oil, thereby controlling the forward and reverse rotation of hydraulic motor 5.

[0035] Second directional valve 4: a two-position three-way directional valve, connected to the foreign object sensor, used to control the switching position of the first directional valve 2 according to the detected foreign object.

[0036] Foreign object sensor: Used to detect whether there are foreign objects during the operation of the cutting table or feed motor. It is connected to the second reversing valve 4. When a foreign object is detected, it triggers the emergency stop protection.

[0037] Relief valve 3: Used to ensure constant pressure in the hydraulic system and limit its maximum pressure.

[0038] Working principle:

[0039] The hydraulic system includes two main hydraulic circuits, namely the first hydraulic circuit 17 and the second hydraulic circuit 18. The two ends of the hydraulic pump 1 are connected to the hydraulic motor 5 through these two hydraulic circuits respectively.

[0040] First directional control valve 2: A two-position four-way directional control valve located on the first oil circuit 17. This directional control valve includes four ports: first port 8, second port 9, third port 10, and fourth port 11. First port 8 is connected to the hydraulic pump 1, and third port 10 is connected to the hydraulic motor 5. Second port 9 is connected to a closed oil circuit, and fourth port 11 is connected to the second oil circuit 18 via the third oil circuit 19. The first directional control valve 2 has two positions: the first position 6 is the normal position, where first port 8 is connected to third port 10, and second port 9 is connected to fourth port 11; the second position 7 is the directional control position, where first port 8 is connected to fourth port 11, and second port 9 is connected to third port 10.

[0041] The second directional control valve 4: This two-position three-way directional control valve is located on the second oil circuit 18. This valve includes five ports: port 14 (fifth), port 15 (sixth), and port 16 (seventh). Port 14 is connected to the second oil circuit 18, port 15 is connected to the return oil tank, and port 16 is connected to the control oil circuit of the first directional control valve 2. The second directional control valve 4 also has two positions: the third position 12 is the normal position, where port 15 and port 16 are connected, and port 14 is closed; the fourth position 13 is the directional control position, where port 14 and port 16 are connected, and port 15 is closed.

[0042] When the forage harvester's header or feed motor encounters a foreign object during operation, the foreign object sensor detects this abnormality. At this time, the sensor transmits an electrical signal to the second directional valve 4, which is then energized and switches to the fourth position 13. This, in turn, causes the first directional valve 2 to switch to the second position 7, quickly achieving emergency stop protection for the hydraulic circuit. The specific operation is as follows:

[0043] Normal operating condition: When the system does not detect any foreign objects, the second directional valve 4 should not be electrically held in the normal operating position (third position 12), the first directional valve is open in the first position, the hydraulic oil flows from port B to port B1, passes through the hydraulic motor, flows out from port A1, and flows to port A, forming a hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic motor 5 operates normally, and the cutting table or feed motor of the silage harvester continues to work.

[0044] When a foreign object is detected by the sensor, the second directional valve 4 switches to the fourth position 13, and the hydraulic oil flow direction changes. The first directional valve 2 immediately switches to the second position 7. At this time, the power supply of the hydraulic motor 5 is cut off, that is, the hydraulic oil no longer flows from B to B1, but flows from B to the second oil circuit 18. However, there is still residual hydraulic oil in the working oil circuit of the hydraulic motor 5. Due to inertia, the hydraulic motor 5 will continue to work in the original direction of rotation. The flow direction of this part of the hydraulic oil is from B1 to A1.

[0045] On the other hand, as the third directional valve switches to the second position 7, the hydraulic oil supplied by the hydraulic pump 1 flows to the second oil circuit 18 through the third oil circuit 19 and is divided. Part of the hydraulic oil flows to A, and the other part flows to A1. This part of the hydraulic oil flows from A1 to B1, which counteracts the original hydraulic oil in the motor, reduces inertia, accelerates the hydraulic motor 5 to stop working, and the system enters an emergency stop state, thereby effectively protecting the machinery from damage.

[0046] To ensure the stability of the hydraulic system, a relief valve 3 is also installed in the oil circuit system. The relief valve 3 is used to ensure that the pressure in the system does not exceed the design limit, preventing excessive pressure from damaging the equipment. The position of the relief valve 3 in the oil circuit allows the system to maintain a safe pressure range under any operating condition.

[0047] Overall workflow:

[0048] When hydraulic pump 1 is working, the flow direction of hydraulic oil is regulated by the first directional valve 2, and hydraulic motor 5 rotates forward or reverse according to the oil flow direction. The second directional valve 4 switches its working state according to the signal from the foreign object sensor, thereby controlling the switching of oil flow direction or emergency stop.

[0049] When the foreign object sensor detects a foreign object, it immediately triggers the emergency stop mechanism to protect the machine and stop its operation safely.

[0050] When the silage harvester cutter needs to stop working, simply reduce the displacement of hydraulic pump 1 to achieve a smooth speed reduction of the motor.

[0051] When the motor needs to be reversed to remove foreign objects, the system is set so that the second control valve is not energized and the first directional valve 2 at the first position 6 is turned on. The high-pressure oil flows from port A through A1 to drive the motor to reverse, and then through B1 and the directional valve to port B to form a hydraulic circuit.

[0052] This embodiment details the composition and working principle of the hydraulic control system for emergency stop of the forage harvester's header or feed motor, covering the specific functions and interrelationships of each component, including hydraulic pump 1, directional valve, foreign object sensor, and relief valve 3. This system enables real-time monitoring and response to potential faults or anomalies during forage harvester operation, ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the equipment.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A hydraulic control system for emergency stop of the header or feed motor of a forage harvester, characterized in that, The system includes a hydraulic motor, a first directional valve, a second directional valve, and a hydraulic pump. The first directional valve controls the flow direction of hydraulic oil in the oil circuit. The hydraulic motor rotates forward or backward according to the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the oil circuit. The second directional valve controls the switching of the position of the first directional valve. The second directional valve is connected to a foreign object sensor, which controls the switching of the position of the second directional valve.

2. The hydraulic control system for emergency stop of the forage harvester header or feed motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic pump is connected to the two ends of the hydraulic motor via a first oil circuit and a second oil circuit, respectively, and the first directional valve is located on the first oil circuit.

3. The hydraulic control system for emergency stop of the forage harvester header or feed motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first directional valve is a two-position four-way directional valve, which includes a first oil port, a second oil port, a third oil port, and a fourth oil port. The first oil port is connected to the pressure pump, the third oil port is connected to the hydraulic motor, the second oil port is connected to the closed oil circuit, and the fourth oil port is connected to the second oil circuit through the third oil circuit. The first directional valve includes a first station and a second station, with the first station being the normal station. First station: The first oil port is connected to the third oil port, and the second oil port is connected to the fourth oil port; Second station: The first oil port is connected to the fourth oil port, and the second oil port is connected to the third oil port.

4. The hydraulic control system for emergency stop of the forage harvester header or feed motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second directional valve is a two-position three-way directional valve, which includes a fifth oil port, a sixth oil port, and a seventh oil port. The fifth oil port is connected to the second oil circuit, the sixth oil port is connected to the return oil tank, and the seventh oil port is connected to the control oil circuit of the first directional valve. The second directional valve includes a third position and a fourth position, with the third position being the normal operating position. First station: the sixth and seventh oil ports are connected, and the fifth oil port is closed; Second station: the fifth and seventh oil ports are connected, and the sixth oil port is closed.

5. The hydraulic control system for emergency stop of the forage harvester header or feed motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil circuit system is equipped with an overflow valve.

6. The hydraulic control system for emergency stop of the forage harvester header or feed motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first directional valve is a switching valve.

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