Hydrogen energy power supply system based on solid hydrogen storage

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hydrogen energy power supply system based on solid hydrogen storage, which comprises a solid hydrogen storage device, a gas port of the solid hydrogen storage device is connected with a hydrogen inlet of a hydrogen engine through a first hydrogen supply pipe group, an output shaft of the hydrogen engine is connected with a generator, and the generator is electrically connected with a battery pack; the solid hydrogen storage device inputs hydrogen into the hydrogen engine, the hydrogen in the hydrogen engine burns to drive the output shaft to rotate, and the generator converts kinetic energy generated by rotation of the output shaft into electric energy. By arranging the solid hydrogen storage device, hydrogen can be stably supplied to the hydrogen engine, so that the generator can stably output electric energy, and the system is suitable for equipment or systems with high requirements for electric energy quality, good in safety and stability, low in overall energy consumption and low in power generation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen energy technology, and in particular to a hydrogen power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of rapid development in hydrogen energy technology, hydrogen-powered power supply systems have become a promising emerging field. These systems use hydrogen as fuel to generate electricity, offering not only environmental advantages such as zero emissions and low noise, but also efficient and continuous power supply.

[0003] In related technologies, the amount of hydrogen stored for power generation has become a key factor restricting the development of hydrogen power supply systems. Although gaseous hydrogen storage can store a certain amount of hydrogen, its compression process is quite dangerous and requires high pressure resistance of the container. Liquid hydrogen storage systems can increase hydrogen storage to a certain extent, but the liquefaction process is energy-intensive, has strict requirements for container insulation, and the storage equipment is complex and costly, and there are also safety hazards such as continuous evaporation loss and leakage. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a hydrogen power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage to address the problems that existing technologies for gaseous and liquid hydrogen storage are highly dangerous, have high performance requirements for hydrogen storage equipment, and are costly and energy-intensive, thus restricting the development of hydrogen power supply systems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A hydrogen power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage includes a solid-state hydrogen storage device. The gas port of the solid-state hydrogen storage device is connected to the hydrogen inlet of a hydrogen engine through a first hydrogen supply pipe group. The output shaft of the hydrogen engine is connected to a generator, and the generator is electrically connected to a battery pack.

[0007] The solid hydrogen storage device inputs hydrogen into the hydrogen engine, and the hydrogen inside the hydrogen engine burns to drive the output shaft to rotate. The generator converts the kinetic energy generated by the rotation of the output shaft into electrical energy.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0009] A buffer tank is installed on the first hydrogen supply pipeline assembly.

[0010] The buffer tank is connected to a hydrogen source via a second hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0011] A third hydrogen supply pipe group is installed on the second hydrogen supply pipe group. The end of the third hydrogen supply pipe group is connected to the first hydrogen supply pipe group, so that the hydrogen source sequentially inputs hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage device through the second hydrogen supply pipe group, the third hydrogen supply pipe group, and the first hydrogen supply pipe group.

[0012] The solid hydrogen storage device has the following structure: it includes an inner shell, the interior of which is filled with solid hydrogen storage material, through which hydrogen is absorbed or released; an outer shell is installed on the outside of the inner shell, and a gap is provided between the inner wall of the outer shell and the outer wall of the inner shell, thereby forming a heat exchange space between the inner wall of the outer shell and the outer wall of the inner shell.

[0013] The inner shell is equipped with a heat exchanger, an electric heater, and an internal radiator, which replenish heat when the solid hydrogen storage material releases hydrogen.

[0014] The heat exchanger is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, and the first inlet is connected to the exhaust port of the hydrogen engine through a first pipe group.

[0015] The high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the combustion of hydrogen inside the hydrogen engine flows through the first pipe group and then through the heat exchanger, where it exchanges heat with the solid hydrogen storage material inside the inner shell. After the heat exchange, the exhaust gas is discharged through the first outlet.

[0016] The electric heater is powered by a battery pack.

[0017] The outer casing has a second inlet and a second outlet respectively. The second inlet is connected to one end of the engine radiator through a first heat exchange tube assembly, and the second outlet is connected to the other end of the engine radiator through a second heat exchange tube assembly.

[0018] A first branch pipe is installed on the first heat exchange tube assembly, and the end of the first branch pipe is connected to the coolant outlet of the hydrogen engine. A second branch pipe is installed on the second heat exchange tube assembly, and the end of the second branch pipe is connected to the coolant inlet of the hydrogen engine.

[0019] Several fans are arranged on one side of the engine radiator, and the fans blow air onto the engine radiator, thereby dissipating the coolant inside the engine radiator.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0021] This utility model has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. By setting up a hydrogen engine, generator, solid hydrogen storage device and buffer tank, it can stably output electrical energy. In case of emergency power supply, it responds quickly and will not lose power, and can achieve uninterrupted power supply. In addition, the battery pack and generator can supply power simultaneously for a certain period of time, realize overload power supply, ensure power supply stability, and are suitable for equipment or systems with high requirements for power quality.

[0022] In this invention, the heat required for the solid hydrogen storage device to release hydrogen mainly comes from the exhaust gas of the hydrogen engine and the heat dissipation of the cooling system, which effectively improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system. When absorbing hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage device, the heat exchange module configured with the hydrogen engine is used for heat dissipation, which effectively reduces the complexity of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the solid hydrogen storage device in this utility model.

[0026] The components include: 1. Solid-state hydrogen storage device; 2. Hydrogen engine; 3. Generator; 4. Booster pump; 5. Buffer tank; 6. Battery pack; 7. Inverter; 8. Engine radiator; 9. Fan; 10. Bypass valve; 11. First hydrogen supply pipe assembly; 12. Second hydrogen supply pipe assembly; 13. Third hydrogen supply pipe assembly; 14. First pipe assembly; 15. Second pipe assembly; 16. First heat exchanger pipe assembly; 17. Second heat exchanger pipe assembly; 18. First branch pipe; 19. Second branch pipe; 20. Exhaust gas emission branch pipe.

[0027] 101. Inner shell; 102. Outer shell; 103. Heat exchange space; 104. First inlet; 105. First outlet; 106. Second inlet; 107. Second outlet; 108. Third inlet; 109. Third outlet; 110. Heat exchanger; 111. Electric heater; 112. Internal radiator. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The structure and function of this utility model are as follows:

[0030] like Figures 1-3As shown, a hydrogen power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage includes a solid-state hydrogen storage device 1. The gas inlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of a hydrogen engine 2 via a first hydrogen supply pipe assembly 11. The output shaft of the hydrogen engine 2 is connected to a generator 3, and the generator 3 is electrically connected to a battery pack 6. The solid-state hydrogen storage device 1 supplies hydrogen to the hydrogen engine 2, and the combustion of the hydrogen inside the hydrogen engine 2 drives the output shaft to rotate. The generator 3 converts the kinetic energy generated by the rotation of the output shaft into electrical energy. By setting up the solid-state hydrogen storage device 1, hydrogen can be stably supplied to the hydrogen engine 2, thereby enabling the generator 3 to stably output electrical energy. This system is suitable for equipment or systems with high power quality requirements, and it also has good system safety and stability, low overall energy consumption, and low power generation cost.

[0031] The hydrogen power supply system of this utility model includes a solid hydrogen storage device 1, a hydrogen engine 2, a generator 3, a buffer tank 5, a battery pack 6, and an engine radiator 8; wherein,

[0032] A buffer tank 5 is installed on the first hydrogen supply pipe assembly 11. The buffer tank 5 is connected to the hydrogen source through the second hydrogen supply pipe assembly 12. The buffer tank 5 is provided with at least two hydrogen inlets. One hydrogen inlet is used to connect to the hydrogen source through the second hydrogen supply pipe assembly 12, and the other hydrogen inlet is used to connect to the gas port of the solid hydrogen storage device 1 through the first hydrogen supply pipe assembly 11. The hydrogen outlet of the buffer tank 5 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen engine 2 through the first hydrogen supply pipe assembly 11. A small amount of hydrogen needs to be pre-filled into the buffer tank 5 for starting the hydrogen engine 2. In addition, by setting up the buffer tank 5, the hydrogen released by the solid hydrogen storage device 1 can be buffered to avoid the hydrogen pressure fluctuation caused by the release of hydrogen from the solid hydrogen storage device 1 from affecting the performance of the hydrogen engine 2.

[0033] A third hydrogen supply pipe group 13 is installed on the second hydrogen supply pipe group 12. The end of the third hydrogen supply pipe group 13 is connected to the first hydrogen supply pipe group 11, so that the hydrogen source sequentially inputs hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage device 1 through the second hydrogen supply pipe group 12, the third hydrogen supply pipe group 13, and the first hydrogen supply pipe group 11.

[0034] A booster pump 4 is installed on the first hydrogen supply pipeline 11. The booster pump 4 is used to increase the pressure of hydrogen in the first hydrogen supply pipeline 11 to meet the needs of the hydrogen engine 2.

[0035] A one-way valve is installed on the second hydrogen supply pipeline 12 to prevent hydrogen from flowing back into the second hydrogen supply pipeline 12, thereby preventing hydrogen from flowing out from the hydrogen filling port.

[0036] like Figure 3As shown, the solid hydrogen storage device 1 has the following structure: it includes an inner shell 101, which is filled with solid hydrogen storage material to absorb or release hydrogen. An outer shell 102 is installed on the outside of the inner shell 101. A gap is provided between the inner wall of the outer shell 102 and the outer wall of the inner shell 101, thereby forming a heat exchange space 103 between the inner wall of the outer shell 102 and the outer wall of the inner shell 101. A heat exchanger 110, an electric heater 111, and an internal radiator 112 are installed inside the inner shell 101 to replenish heat when the solid hydrogen storage material releases hydrogen. The solid hydrogen storage device 1 can absorb or release hydrogen based on solid hydrogen storage material, preferably magnesium hydride material; by setting up heat exchanger 110, electric heater 111 and internal radiator 112, the temperature inside the inner shell 101 can be kept stable at the hydrogen absorption temperature or hydrogen release temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material.

[0037] The heat exchanger 110 is provided with a first inlet 104 and a first outlet 105. The first inlet 104 is connected to the exhaust port of the hydrogen engine 2 through a first pipe assembly 14. The high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the combustion of hydrogen inside the hydrogen engine 2 flows through the heat exchanger 110 through the first pipe assembly 14, thereby exchanging heat with the solid hydrogen storage material inside the inner shell 101. After heat exchange, it is discharged through the first outlet 105. A second pipe assembly 15 is installed on the first outlet 105. The high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the combustion of hydrogen inside the hydrogen engine 2 flows through the heat exchanger 110 through the first pipe assembly 14, thereby exchanging heat with the solid hydrogen storage material inside the inner shell 101. After heat exchange, it is discharged through the second pipe assembly 15. In addition, an exhaust gas discharge branch pipe 20 is installed on the first pipe assembly 14, and a bypass valve 10 is installed on the exhaust gas discharge branch pipe 20. By setting up the first pipe group 14, the exhaust gas branch pipe 20, and the bypass valve 10, the energy of the exhaust gas from the hydrogen engine 2 can be fully utilized. When the hydrogen engine 2 is cold-started, the exhaust gas produced by the hydrogen engine 2 is too cold to reach the temperature required to heat the solid hydrogen storage device 1. Therefore, the bypass valve 10 is opened, allowing the low-temperature exhaust gas produced by the hydrogen engine 2 to be discharged into the atmosphere sequentially through the first pipe group 14 and the exhaust gas branch pipe 20. When the hydrogen engine 2 is running stably, the bypass valve 10 is closed, and the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged by the hydrogen engine 2 enters the heat exchanger 110 through the first pipe group 14, thereby heating the solid hydrogen storage material inside the inner shell 101 to reach the hydrogen release temperature. The solid hydrogen storage material stably releases hydrogen, thus providing a stable hydrogen supply to the hydrogen engine 2.

[0038] The electric heater 111 is powered by the battery pack 6.

[0039] The outer casing 102 has a second inlet 106 and a second outlet 107 respectively. The second inlet 106 is connected to one end of the engine radiator 8 through the first heat exchange tube assembly 16, and the second outlet 107 is connected to the other end of the engine radiator 8 through the second heat exchange tube assembly 17. A first branch pipe 18 is installed on the first heat exchange tube assembly 16, and the end of the first branch pipe 18 is connected to the coolant outlet of the hydrogen engine 2. A second branch pipe 19 is installed on the second heat exchange tube assembly 17, and the end of the second branch pipe 19 is connected to the coolant inlet of the hydrogen engine 2. Several fans 9 are arranged next to the engine radiator 8, and the fans 9 blow air onto the engine radiator 8, thereby dissipating the coolant inside the engine radiator 8. In this invention, the engine radiator 8 is used to cool the coolant in the cooling water tank of the hydrogen engine 2. The cooling of the engine radiator 8 is accomplished by the fan 9, which is driven by a drive motor powered by a battery pack 6. The drive motor controls the speed of the fan 9 according to the cooling requirements of the hydrogen engine 2, thereby adjusting the heat exchange. Compared with the heat exchange method of directly mechanically connecting the fan 9 to the hydrogen engine 2 and fixing the speed of the fan 9, this method can reduce power consumption and energy consumption.

[0040] In addition, the inner radiator 112 is provided with a third inlet 108 and a third outlet 109. Both the third inlet 108 and the third outlet 109 are connected to the heat exchange space 103. The coolant in the heat exchange space 103 flows into the inner radiator 112 through the third inlet 108 to exchange heat with the solid hydrogen storage material in the inner shell 101. After heat exchange, the coolant flows back to the heat exchange space 103 through the third outlet 109.

[0041] In this invention, when the hydrogen engine 2 is in a stable operating state, most of the coolant (i.e., cooling water) in the cooling water tank of the hydrogen engine 2 flows sequentially through the first branch pipe 18 and the first heat exchange tube group 16 into the heat exchange space 103 to insulate the inner shell 101. At the same time, the coolant in the heat exchange space 103 flows into the inner radiator 112 through the third inlet 108 to heat the solid hydrogen storage material inside the inner shell 101 to make it reach the hydrogen release temperature. The coolant in the heat exchange space 103 flows back to the cooling water tank of the hydrogen engine 2 sequentially through the second heat exchange tube group 17 and the second branch pipe 19. A small portion of the coolant in the cooling water tank of the hydrogen engine 2 flows into the engine radiator 8 through the first branch pipe 18. The coolant in the engine radiator 8 flows into the second branch pipe 19 through the second heat exchange tube group 17 and merges. When the temperature of the merged coolant cannot meet the cooling requirements of the hydrogen engine 2, the drive motor is started, thereby driving the fan 9 to accelerate heat dissipation and reduce the temperature of the coolant in the engine radiator 8.

[0042] When the system is in a hydrogen-filling state, that is, when the solid hydrogen storage material absorbs hydrogen, the coolant circulates between the heat exchange space 103 and the engine radiator 8, without passing through the hydrogen engine 2. The specific process is as follows:

[0043] The coolant in the heat exchange space 103 flows into the engine radiator 8 through the second heat exchange tube group 17. After being cooled by the fan 9, it flows back into the heat exchange space 103 through the first heat exchange tube group 16, thereby carrying away the heat released by the solid hydrogen storage material absorbing hydrogen, so that the temperature in the inner shell 101 is stabilized at the hydrogen absorption temperature.

[0044] The hydrogen engine 2 performs combustion work, which can convert the internal energy generated by the combustion of hydrogen into mechanical energy. Its output shaft is connected to the input end of the generator 3, and the generator 3 converts the mechanical energy generated by the movement of the output shaft into electrical energy.

[0045] In this invention, the power output terminal of generator 3 is electrically connected to battery pack 6. A portion of the electrical energy generated by generator 3 is stored through battery pack 6, which is equipped with a battery charging port for charging by an external power source. The power output terminal of generator 3 is equipped with a power output circuit, which can directly supply power to the outside. Battery pack 6 also provides power input to the power output circuit of generator 3 through inverter 7. Battery pack 6 and generator 3 can supply power to the outside simultaneously through the power output circuit for a certain period of time to achieve overload power supply, thereby further improving the power supply stability of the system. In addition, when hydrogen engine 2 starts (approximately 10s-20s), the power input to the power output circuit through battery pack 6 can ensure uninterrupted power supply to the system.

[0046] In addition, the battery pack 6 supplies power to the hydrogen engine 2, the engine radiator 8, and the electric heater 111, so that when the exhaust heat and cooling capacity of the hydrogen engine 2 are insufficient to support its rapid release of hydrogen, the battery pack 6 can provide auxiliary heating; the circuit of the system is equipped with a circuit breaker to ensure the safety of the system power supply.

[0047] In this invention, each pipeline is equipped with a corresponding control valve assembly, which is configured according to actual production requirements.

[0048] The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0049] When charging the hydrogen power supply system, the hydrogen source first charges some hydrogen into the buffer tank 5 through the second hydrogen supply pipe group 12. Then, the hydrogen source charges hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage device 1 through the second hydrogen supply pipe group 12, the third hydrogen supply pipe group 13, and the first hydrogen supply pipe group 11 in sequence.

[0050] At the same time, the battery pack 6 supplies power to the electric heater 111, which raises the temperature inside the inner shell 101 to the hydrogen absorption temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material, and the solid hydrogen storage material begins to absorb hydrogen and release heat.

[0051] When the electric heater 111 is de-energized, the coolant in the heat exchange space 103 flows into the engine radiator 8 through the second heat exchange tube group 17. After being cooled by the fan 9, it flows back to the heat exchange space 103 through the first heat exchange tube group 16, thereby ensuring that the temperature inside the inner shell 101 is stable within the hydrogen absorption temperature range.

[0052] When the hydrogen power supply system is stably supplying power to the outside, it first supplies hydrogen to the hydrogen engine 2 through the buffer tank 5, thereby starting the hydrogen engine 2;

[0053] At the same time, the battery pack 6 supplies power to the electric heater 111, causing the temperature inside the inner shell 101 to rise to the hydrogen release temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material, and the solid hydrogen storage material begins to release hydrogen and absorb heat.

[0054] After the hydrogen engine 2 starts, it drives the generator 3 to generate electricity stably, thereby providing external power through the power output circuit. Excess power is input into the battery pack 6 for storage.

[0055] The high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the combustion of hydrogen inside the hydrogen engine 2 enters the heat exchanger 110 through the first pipe group 14 in sequence, thereby replenishing the heat absorbed by the solid hydrogen storage material during hydrogen release and ensuring that the temperature inside the inner shell 101 is stable at the hydrogen release temperature. At the same time, the coolant in the cooling water tank of the hydrogen engine 2 flows into the heat exchange space 103 through the first branch pipe 18 and the first heat exchange pipe group 16 in sequence, and flows into the inner radiator 112 through the third inlet 108. The coolant in the inner radiator 112 exchanges heat with the solid hydrogen storage material inside the inner shell 101, thereby replenishing the heat absorbed by the solid hydrogen storage material during hydrogen release and ensuring that the temperature inside the inner shell 101 is stable at the hydrogen release temperature.

[0056] The solid hydrogen storage material stably releases hydrogen gas, which enters the buffer tank 5 through the first hydrogen supply pipe group 11, and then is input into the hydrogen engine 2 through the first hydrogen supply pipe group 11 to ensure that the hydrogen engine 2 stably drives the generator 3 to generate electricity.

[0057] The above description is an explanation of the present utility model and not a limitation thereof. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the claims. Within the protection scope of the present utility model, any form of modification may be made.

Claims

1. A hydrogen energy power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage, characterized in that: Includes a solid hydrogen storage device (1), the gas port of the solid hydrogen storage device (1) is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen engine (2) through a first hydrogen supply pipe group (11), the output shaft of the hydrogen engine (2) is connected to a generator (3), and the generator (3) is electrically connected to a battery pack (6). The solid hydrogen storage device (1) inputs hydrogen into the hydrogen engine (2), and the hydrogen inside the hydrogen engine (2) is burned to drive the output shaft to rotate. The generator (3) converts the kinetic energy generated by the rotation of the output shaft into electrical energy. The solid hydrogen storage device (1) has the following structure: it includes an inner shell (101), the interior of which is filled with solid hydrogen storage material, which absorbs or releases hydrogen gas. An outer shell (102) is installed on the outside of the inner shell (101), and a gap is provided between the inner wall of the outer shell (102) and the outer wall of the inner shell (101), thereby forming a heat exchange space (103) between the inner wall of the outer shell (102) and the outer wall of the inner shell (101). The inner shell (101) is equipped with a heat exchanger (110), an electric heater (111), and an internal radiator (112), which replenish heat when the solid hydrogen storage material releases hydrogen.

2. The hydrogen energy power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer tank (5) is installed on the first hydrogen supply pipe assembly (11).

3. A hydrogen energy power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer tank (5) is connected to the hydrogen source through the second hydrogen supply pipe group (12).

4. A hydrogen energy power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A third hydrogen supply pipe group (13) is installed on the second hydrogen supply pipe group (12). The end of the third hydrogen supply pipe group (13) is connected to the first hydrogen supply pipe group (11), so that the hydrogen source sequentially inputs hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage device (1) through the second hydrogen supply pipe group (12), the third hydrogen supply pipe group (13), and the first hydrogen supply pipe group (11).

5. A hydrogen energy power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (110) is provided with a first inlet (104) and a first outlet (105), and the first inlet (104) is connected to the exhaust port of the hydrogen engine (2) through a first pipe group (14). The high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the combustion of hydrogen inside the hydrogen engine (2) flows through the first pipe group (14) and heat exchanger (110), thereby exchanging heat with the solid hydrogen storage material inside the inner shell (101), and is discharged through the first outlet (105) after heat exchange.

6. A hydrogen energy power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heater (111) is powered by the battery pack (6).

7. A hydrogen energy power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer casing (102) has a second inlet (106) and a second outlet (107) respectively. The second inlet (106) is connected to one end of the engine radiator (8) through the first heat exchange tube group (16), and the second outlet (107) is connected to the other end of the engine radiator (8) through the second heat exchange tube group (17).

8. A hydrogen energy power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A first branch pipe (18) is installed on the first heat exchange tube assembly (16), and the end of the first branch pipe (18) is connected to the coolant outlet of the hydrogen engine (2). A second branch pipe (19) is installed on the second heat exchange tube assembly (17), and the end of the second branch pipe (19) is connected to the coolant inlet of the hydrogen engine (2).

9. A hydrogen energy power supply system based on solid-state hydrogen storage as described in claim 7, characterized in that: Several fans (9) are arranged on one side of the engine radiator (8), and the fans (9) blow air onto the engine radiator (8) so that the coolant inside the engine radiator (8) is cooled.

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