Test bench of fuel cell cooling subsystem

Abstract

The utility model discloses a test bench for a fuel cell cooling subsystem, and the test bench comprises a main cooling heat dissipation module which is used for carrying out the heat dissipation of a fuel cell stack; the auxiliary cooling expansion water tank is connected with an outlet of the main cooling heat dissipation module and is arranged to contain cooling liquid; the active water replenishing diaphragm pump is connected with the auxiliary cooling expansion water tank and is used for automatically replenishing cooling liquid; the thermostat is connected with the inlet of the main cooling heat dissipation module and is arranged to adjust the flowing path of the cooling liquid according to the temperature of the cooling liquid; the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump is connected with the thermostat and is arranged to dissipate heat of the fuel cell stack through circulating cooling liquid; the first module switching valve is respectively connected with an outlet of the main cooling heat dissipation module and a cooling inlet of the fuel cell stack; and the second module switching valve is respectively connected with the inlet of the main cooling heat dissipation module and the cooling outlet of the fuel cell stack. The problem that the test efficiency is affected due to the fact that an existing test board of the hydrogen fuel cell system cannot meet the requirement for system testing and BOP part testing at the same time is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and more specifically, to a test bench for a fuel cell cooling subsystem. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, hydrogen fuel cell technology has made significant progress, with a marked increase in the installed capacity of hydrogen fuel cells. As the demand for hydrogen fuel cells continues to grow, technological improvements can further reduce the cost of hydrogen fuel cell stacks and systems. Performance testing of fuel cell systems with different power and performance characteristics, as well as auxiliary components (Balance of Plant, BOP) for hydrogen fuel cells, generally requires customized test benches to examine the matching degree and performance of each subsystem. During the testing process, the following problems may arise:

[0003] (1) The hydrogen fuel cell system mainly consists of a hydrogen subsystem, an air subsystem, and a cooling subsystem. The performance of the cooling subsystem directly affects the overall performance of the fuel cell system. During the development stage, there are significant differences in the selection of components, and the customized design of the test bench has a long cycle and high cost, which in turn affects the research and development progress.

[0004] (2) Customized test benches cannot perform BOP component testing at the same time as system testing, thus affecting testing efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main objective of this application is to provide a test bench for a fuel cell cooling subsystem to solve the problem that existing test benches for hydrogen fuel cell systems cannot simultaneously perform system testing and BOP (Body-on-Place) component testing, thus affecting testing efficiency.

[0006] According to one aspect of this application, a test bench for a fuel cell cooling subsystem is provided, comprising: a main cooling module configured to dissipate heat from the fuel cell stack; an auxiliary cooling expansion tank connected to the outlet of the main cooling module and configured to contain coolant; an active water replenishment diaphragm pump connected to the auxiliary cooling expansion tank and configured to automatically replenish coolant; a thermostat connected to the inlet of the main cooling module and configured to adjust the flow path of the coolant according to the temperature of the coolant; an auxiliary cooling water pump connected to the thermostat and configured to dissipate heat from the fuel cell stack by circulating coolant; a first module switching valve connected to the outlet of the main cooling module and the cooling inlet of the fuel cell stack respectively; and a second module switching valve connected to the inlet of the main cooling module and the cooling outlet of the fuel cell stack respectively.

[0007] Optionally, the test bench further includes: a main heat dissipation inlet pressure sensor, connected to the inlet of the main heat dissipation module, configured to measure the pressure of the coolant entering the main heat dissipation module; a main heat dissipation outlet pressure sensor, connected to the outlet of the main heat dissipation module, configured to measure the pressure of the coolant leaving the main heat dissipation module; a main heat dissipation inlet temperature sensor, connected to the inlet of the main heat dissipation module, configured to measure the temperature of the coolant entering the main heat dissipation module; and a main heat dissipation outlet temperature sensor, connected to the outlet of the main heat dissipation module, configured to measure the temperature of the coolant leaving the main heat dissipation module.

[0008] Optionally, the test bench also includes: an auxiliary heat dissipation inlet pressure sensor, connected to the inlet of the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump, configured to measure the pressure of the coolant entering the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump; an auxiliary heat dissipation outlet pressure sensor, connected to the outlet of the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump, configured to measure the pressure of the coolant leaving the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump; an auxiliary heat dissipation inlet temperature sensor, connected to the inlet of the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump, configured to measure the temperature of the coolant entering the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump; and an auxiliary heat dissipation outlet temperature sensor, connected to the outlet of the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump, configured to measure the temperature of the coolant leaving the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump.

[0009] Optionally, the test bench also includes: a main water circuit pressure sensor, connected to the first module switching valve, configured to detect the pressure of the coolant entering the fuel cell stack; and a main water circuit temperature sensor, connected to the first module switching valve, configured to detect the temperature of the coolant entering the fuel cell stack.

[0010] Optionally, the test bench also includes a heater, which is connected to the outlet of the main cooling module and the thermostat, respectively, and is configured to provide a heating function.

[0011] Optionally, the test bench further includes: a heater front-end temperature sensor connected to the heater and configured to measure the temperature of the coolant entering the heater; a heater rear-end temperature sensor connected to the heater and configured to measure the temperature of the coolant leaving the heater; a heater front-end pressure sensor connected to the heater and configured to measure the pressure of the coolant entering the heater; and a heater rear-end pressure sensor connected to the heater and configured to measure the pressure of the coolant leaving the heater.

[0012] Optionally, the test bench also includes: a main water flow meter, connected to the inlet of the main cooling module, configured to measure the flow rate of coolant through the main water path; and a thermostat branch flow meter, connected between the thermostat and the auxiliary cooling water pump, configured to measure the flow rate of coolant through the thermostat bypass path.

[0013] Optionally, the test bench also includes: a three-way pressure sensor for the thermostat, connected to the thermostat, configured to measure the pressure of the coolant before entering the thermostat, after leaving the thermostat, and when passing through the thermostat bypass path; and a three-way temperature sensor for the thermostat, connected to the thermostat, configured to measure the temperature of the coolant before entering the thermostat, after leaving the thermostat, and when passing through the thermostat bypass path.

[0014] Optionally, the test bench also includes an auxiliary cooling interface, which is located on the main water line and configured to connect to an auxiliary cooling heat dissipation module.

[0015] Optionally, the test bench also includes a drain valve, connected to the main water line and located at the lowest point of the test bench, configured to drain coolant.

[0016] This application provides a test bench for a hydrogen fuel cell cooling subsystem that is highly compatible, functional, and flexible. By adopting a novel modular design for the test bench, the operational performance and flexibility of the hydrogen fuel cell system test bench are improved, thereby achieving the technical effect of increasing the testing efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell system and BOP components. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a test bench for a fuel cell cooling subsystem according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0022] A heat dissipation test bench for a fuel cell cooling subsystem is a specialized piece of equipment used to evaluate and verify the performance of the cooling subsystem. This bench can simulate actual operating conditions to conduct detailed tests on the thermal management capabilities of the cooling subsystem, ensuring that it can effectively control the temperature of the fuel cell stack, thereby guaranteeing the stability and efficiency of the stack under various operating conditions.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a test bench for a fuel cell cooling subsystem according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the test bench includes:

[0024] The main cooling module 100 is configured to dissipate heat from the fuel cell stack.

[0025] The main function of the main cooling module 100 is to effectively dissipate the heat generated by the fuel cell stack in order to keep the battery within the optimal operating temperature range.

[0026] The auxiliary cooling expansion tank 101 is connected to the outlet of the main cooling heat dissipation module 100 and is configured to contain coolant.

[0027] The auxiliary cooling expansion tank 101 mainly includes the following functions:

[0028] Compensation for thermal expansion and contraction: As the cooling system operates, the coolant will expand or contract in volume due to temperature changes. The auxiliary cooling expansion tank 101 provides a space to accommodate the coolant that expands due to temperature increases, and can also replenish the system when the coolant temperature decreases, thereby preventing the pressure in the cooling system from being too high or too low.

[0029] Air bubble removal: Air bubbles may be generated during the startup or operation of the cooling system. These bubbles can affect cooling efficiency and may cause the pump to run dry. The auxiliary cooling expansion tank 101 helps to collect and expel these air bubbles, maintaining the proper functioning of the cooling system.

[0030] Maintaining proper pressure levels: The auxiliary cooling expansion tank 101 is typically connected to the highest point of the cooling system and helps maintain a constant pressure throughout the cooling loop via a pressure cap (usually spring-loaded). This helps ensure smooth coolant circulation and prevents negative pressure from forming inside the cooling pipes.

[0031] Easy-to-add coolant: The auxiliary cooling expansion tank 101 provides an easily accessible location for checking the coolant level and adding coolant when necessary. This is important for routine maintenance.

[0032] In summary, the auxiliary cooling expansion tank 101 is crucial for ensuring the stability and long-term reliability of the fuel cell cooling system. It not only helps manage coolant volume changes but also facilitates bubble removal and simplifies coolant management and replenishment.

[0033] An active water replenishment diaphragm pump 102 is connected to an auxiliary cooling expansion tank 101 and is configured to automatically replenish coolant.

[0034] The active makeup diaphragm pump 102 is a type of pump commonly used in fuel cell cooling systems. Its main function is to automatically replenish the cooling system with coolant to maintain normal system operation and proper coolant levels. This pump moves the liquid using a diaphragm (a flexible material), especially useful in applications requiring precise control of flow rate and pressure.

[0035] In the fuel cell cooling system, when the coolant level is detected to be lower than a set value, the active makeup water diaphragm pump 102 is activated to pump coolant stored in a spare container into the system until the predetermined level is reached. In addition to makeup water, the active makeup water diaphragm pump 102 can also be used to perform periodic circulation and replacement of coolant, ensuring that the entire cooling loop is filled with fresh cooling medium.

[0036] The thermostat 103 is connected to the inlet of the main cooling module 100 and is configured to adjust the flow path of the coolant according to the temperature of the coolant.

[0037] Thermostat 103 is a crucial component of the fuel cell cooling system. Its primary function is to regulate the flow path of the coolant based on its temperature, thereby controlling the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack. By altering the coolant flow direction, the thermostat 103 can optimize cooling performance under varying operating conditions, ensuring the fuel cell stack operates within its optimal temperature range.

[0038] An auxiliary cooling water pump 104 is connected to a thermostat 103 and is configured to dissipate heat from the fuel cell stack by circulating coolant.

[0039] The auxiliary cooling water pump 104 is responsible for helping to remove the heat generated by the fuel cell stack by circulating coolant. This pump needs to provide a stable flow rate and sufficient pressure to ensure that the coolant can circulate effectively throughout the cooling loop.

[0040] The first module switching valve 105 is connected to the outlet of the main cooling module 100 and the fuel cell stack cooling inlet, respectively.

[0041] The second module switching valve 106 is connected to the inlet of the main cooling module 100 and the cooling outlet of the fuel cell stack, respectively.

[0042] According to an optional embodiment of this application, the switching valve can be controlled to facilitate the assembly of fuel cell stack connection pipelines. When it is necessary to replace the fuel cell stack and connectors, the switching valve can be closed to disconnect the cooling module, thereby reducing the need to drain the cooling module, avoiding waste of antifreeze, and ensuring a clean, environmentally friendly, and safe experimental environment.

[0043] The fuel cell stack (also known as a fuel cell pile) is the core component of a fuel cell system. It is an assembly composed of multiple individual fuel cells (cells). Each individual fuel cell consists of three basic parts: an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte membrane. In the stack, these cells are connected in series to generate sufficient voltage and current to meet specific application requirements.

[0044] In some optional embodiments, the first module switching valve 105 and the second module switching valve 106 are ball valves.

[0045] The technical solution provided in this application improves the operational performance and flexibility of the hydrogen fuel cell system test bench by adopting a novel modular design for the test bench of the hydrogen fuel cell cooling subsystem, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the testing efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell system and BOP components.

[0046] According to an optional embodiment of this application, the test bench further includes: a main heat dissipation inlet pressure sensor 107, which is connected to the inlet of the main cooling module 100 and is configured to measure the pressure of coolant entering the main cooling module 100.

[0047] The main heat dissipation outlet pressure sensor 108 is connected to the outlet of the main cooling module 100 and is set to measure the pressure of the coolant when it leaves the main cooling module 100.

[0048] The main heat dissipation inlet temperature sensor 109 is connected to the inlet of the main cooling module 100 and is set to measure the temperature of the coolant when it enters the main cooling module 100.

[0049] The main heat dissipation outlet temperature sensor 110 is connected to the outlet of the main cooling module 100 and is set to measure the temperature of the coolant when it leaves the main cooling module 100.

[0050] The main heat dissipation inlet and outlet pressure / temperature sensors are crucial components in the fuel cell cooling system used to monitor the pressure / temperature of the coolant as it enters and exits the main heat dissipation module 100. These sensors provide critical data to help the control system ensure that the coolant pressure / temperature remains within safe and effective ranges.

[0051] It is understandable that the temperature sensor and pressure sensor mentioned above can also be integrated temperature and pressure sensors.

[0052] According to another optional embodiment of this application, the test bench further includes:

[0053] The auxiliary heat dissipation inlet pressure sensor 111 is connected to the inlet of the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump 104 and is set to measure the pressure of the coolant entering the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump 104.

[0054] The auxiliary heat dissipation outlet pressure sensor 112 is connected to the outlet of the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump 104 and is set to measure the pressure of the coolant when it leaves the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump 104.

[0055] The auxiliary heat dissipation inlet temperature sensor 113 is connected to the inlet of the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump 104 and is set to measure the temperature of the coolant when it enters the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump 104.

[0056] The auxiliary heat dissipation outlet temperature sensor 114 is connected to the outlet of the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump 104 and is set to measure the temperature of the coolant when it leaves the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump 104.

[0057] The auxiliary heat dissipation inlet and outlet pressure / temperature sensors are crucial components in the fuel cell cooling system used to monitor the pressure / temperature of the coolant as it enters and exits the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump 104. These sensors provide critical data to help the control system ensure that the coolant pressure / temperature remains within safe and effective ranges.

[0058] According to some optional embodiments of this application, the test bench further includes: a main water circuit pressure sensor 115, connected to the first module switching valve 105, configured to detect the pressure of the coolant entering the fuel cell stack; and a main water circuit temperature sensor 116, connected to the first module switching valve 105, configured to detect the temperature of the coolant entering the fuel cell stack.

[0059] The main coolant pressure / temperature sensors are critical components in the fuel cell cooling system, used to monitor the pressure / temperature of the coolant as it enters the stack cooling inlet through the switching valve. These sensors provide essential data that helps the control system ensure the coolant pressure / temperature remains within safe and effective ranges.

[0060] In some other optional embodiments of this application, the test bench further includes a heater 117, which is connected to the outlet of the main cooling module 100 and the thermostat 103 respectively, and is configured to provide a heating function.

[0061] In fuel cell systems, the cooling subsystem is a critical component in ensuring the normal operating temperature of the fuel cell stack. Overheating or undercooling can both affect cell performance and lifespan. A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater is a common temperature control element used in some fuel cell cooling subsystems to provide the necessary heating.

[0062] A key characteristic of PTC heaters is that their resistance increases with temperature. This means that when the heater reaches a certain temperature, its resistance becomes very high, limiting current flow and reducing heat generation. This self-regulating characteristic makes PTC heaters ideal for applications requiring precise temperature control, such as the preheating stage of fuel cell cooling systems or maintaining appropriate operating temperatures in low ambient temperatures.

[0063] As an optional embodiment of this application, the test bench further includes: a heater front-end temperature sensor 118, connected to the heater 117, configured to measure the temperature of the coolant entering the heater 117; a heater rear-end temperature sensor 119, connected to the heater 117, configured to measure the temperature of the coolant leaving the heater 117; a heater front-end pressure sensor 120, connected to the heater 117, configured to measure the pressure of the coolant entering the heater 117; and a heater rear-end pressure sensor 121, connected to the heater 117, configured to measure the pressure of the coolant leaving the heater 117.

[0064] In fuel cell cooling systems, it is crucial to install temperature / pressure sensors before and after the PTC heater. These sensors are used to monitor and control the temperature / pressure of the coolant, ensuring that the system can operate normally under various environmental conditions.

[0065] In some optional embodiments, the test bench further includes: a main water flow meter 122, connected to the inlet of the main cooling module 100, configured to measure the flow rate of coolant through the main water path; and a thermostat branch flow meter 123, connected between the thermostat 103 and the auxiliary cooling water pump 104, configured to measure the flow rate of coolant through the bypass path of the thermostat 103.

[0066] The main flow meter 122 is used to measure the flow rate of coolant in the main circulation loop. Accurate flow monitoring is crucial for ensuring the normal operation of the cooling system and maintaining the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack. By providing accurate flow data, the main flow meter 122 helps the control system optimize the performance of the cooling system, ensuring that the fuel cell stack maintains its optimal operating temperature under various operating conditions. Through proper flow meter selection and regular maintenance, the service life of the fuel cell stack and other critical components can be effectively extended, and the stability and reliability of the system can be ensured.

[0067] Thermostat branch flow meter 123 is a sensor used to monitor the flow rate of coolant through the bypass path of thermostat 103. In the fuel cell cooling system, the thermostat 103 regulates the flow path of the coolant based on its temperature, thereby controlling the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack. Thermostat 103 typically has two paths: a main path, where the coolant is cooled by the radiator; and a bypass path, where the coolant returns directly to the fuel cell stack without passing through the radiator. The flow meter installed on the bypass path helps the control system more accurately manage the flow and temperature of the coolant.

[0068] In some other optional embodiments of this application, the test bench further includes: a three-way pressure sensor for the thermostat, connected to the thermostat 103, configured to measure the pressure of the coolant before entering the thermostat 103, after leaving the thermostat 103, and when passing through the bypass path of the thermostat 103; and a three-way temperature sensor for the thermostat, connected to the thermostat 103, configured to measure the temperature of the coolant before entering the thermostat 103, after leaving the thermostat 103, and when passing through the bypass path of the thermostat 103.

[0069] Thermostat three-way pressure sensor and thermostat three-way temperature sensor in Figure 1 Not shown in the document, the thermostat's three-way pressure sensor typically includes one pressure sensor located before the coolant enters the thermostat, one pressure sensor located on the thermostat bypass path, and one pressure sensor located after the coolant leaves the thermostat. Pressure data from these three locations allows for more comprehensive monitoring and control of the cooling system's performance.

[0070] Similarly, a typical thermostat's three-way temperature sensor includes one located before the coolant enters the thermostat, one located on the thermostat's bypass path, and one located after the coolant leaves the thermostat. Temperature data from these three locations allows for more comprehensive monitoring and control of the cooling system's performance.

[0071] According to an optional embodiment of this application, the test bench further includes: an auxiliary cooling interface 124, which is disposed on the main water line and configured to connect to an auxiliary cooling heat dissipation module.

[0072] The main cooling circuit can be pre-configured with an auxiliary cooling interface as needed, enabling a water circuit subsystem design with both main and auxiliary cooling circuits. In the embodiments of this application, a T-junction component can be added to the main water circuit to realize the aforementioned auxiliary cooling interface.

[0073] According to another optional embodiment of this application, the test bench further includes a drain valve 125, which is connected to the main water channel and is located at the lowest point of the test bench, and is configured to drain coolant.

[0074] In the embodiments of this application, the main cooling circuit is provided with a drain valve at the lowest point, making the draining operation simple and convenient.

[0075] In addition, the test bench provided in this application is designed with reserved interfaces for air and hydrogen pipelines, which can realize the whole fuel cell stack testing.

[0076] It should be noted that the above modules are connected by connecting silicone tubing and hose clamps to ensure a tight and reliable connection of the pipeline.

[0077] The test bench provided in this application can be adjusted according to the structural requirements of different BOP components. It provides sufficient space and interfaces for the installation of external calibration sensors, and can perform calibration tests on individual BOP components. When combined, it can test a complete cooling subsystem, which not only increases the testing function of the test bench, but also reduces the development cost of the test bench and greatly improves product development efficiency.

[0078] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0079] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0080] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A test bench for a fuel cell cooling subsystem, characterized in that, include: The main cooling module is designed to dissipate heat from the fuel cell stack. An auxiliary cooling expansion tank is connected to the outlet of the main cooling heat dissipation module and is configured to contain coolant; An active water replenishment diaphragm pump is connected to the auxiliary cooling expansion tank and is configured to automatically replenish coolant. The thermostat is connected to the inlet of the main cooling module and is configured to adjust the flow path of the coolant according to the temperature of the coolant. An auxiliary cooling water pump, connected to the thermostat, is configured to dissipate heat from the fuel cell stack by circulating coolant; The first module switching valve is connected to the outlet of the main cooling module and the cooling inlet of the fuel cell stack, respectively. The second module switching valve is connected to the inlet of the main cooling module and the cooling outlet of the fuel cell stack, respectively.

2. The test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test bench also includes: The main heat dissipation inlet pressure sensor is connected to the inlet of the main cooling heat dissipation module and is configured to measure the pressure of the coolant when it enters the main cooling heat dissipation module; A main heat dissipation outlet pressure sensor is connected to the outlet of the main cooling heat dissipation module and is configured to measure the pressure of the coolant when it leaves the main cooling heat dissipation module; The main heat dissipation inlet temperature sensor is connected to the inlet of the main cooling heat dissipation module and is configured to measure the temperature of the coolant when it enters the main cooling heat dissipation module; A main heat dissipation outlet temperature sensor is connected to the outlet of the main cooling heat dissipation module and is configured to measure the temperature of the coolant when it leaves the main cooling heat dissipation module.

3. The test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test bench also includes: An auxiliary heat dissipation inlet pressure sensor is connected to the inlet of the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump and is configured to measure the pressure of the coolant when it enters the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump. An auxiliary heat dissipation outlet pressure sensor is connected to the outlet of the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump and is configured to measure the pressure of the coolant when it leaves the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump. An auxiliary heat dissipation inlet temperature sensor is connected to the inlet of the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump and is configured to measure the temperature of the coolant when it enters the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump. An auxiliary heat dissipation outlet temperature sensor is connected to the outlet of the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump and is configured to measure the temperature of the coolant when it leaves the auxiliary heat dissipation cooling water pump.

4. The test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test bench also includes: The main water circuit pressure sensor is connected to the switching valve of the first module and is configured to detect the pressure of the coolant entering the fuel cell stack. The main water circuit temperature sensor is connected to the switching valve of the first module and is configured to detect the temperature of the coolant entering the fuel cell stack.

5. The test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test bench also includes: The heater is connected to the outlet of the main cooling heat dissipation module and the thermostat, respectively, and is configured to provide heating function.

6. The test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that, The test bench also includes: A heater front-end temperature sensor, connected to the heater, is configured to measure the temperature of the coolant entering the heater; A heater rear-end temperature sensor, connected to the heater, is configured to measure the temperature of the coolant leaving the heater; A pressure sensor at the front end of the heater is connected to the heater and is configured to measure the pressure of the coolant entering the heater; A pressure sensor at the rear end of the heater, connected to the heater, is configured to measure the pressure of the coolant leaving the heater.

7. The test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test bench also includes: The main water flow meter is connected to the inlet of the main cooling module and is configured to measure the flow rate of coolant passing through the main water path. A thermostat branch flow meter is connected between the thermostat and the auxiliary cooling water pump, and is configured to measure the flow rate of coolant through the bypass path of the thermostat.

8. The test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test bench also includes: A three-way pressure sensor for the thermostat is connected to the thermostat and is configured to measure the pressure of the coolant before it enters the thermostat, after it leaves the thermostat, and when it passes through the bypass path of the thermostat. The thermostat has three temperature sensors connected to it, configured to measure the temperature of the coolant before it enters the thermostat, after it leaves the thermostat, and when it passes through the bypass path of the thermostat.

9. The test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test bench also includes: The auxiliary cooling interface is located on the main water line and is configured to connect to the auxiliary cooling heat dissipation module.

10. The test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The test bench also includes: A drain valve is connected to the main water circuit and is located at the lowest point of the test bench to discharge coolant.

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