Multifunctional hinged chassis and tractor

Abstract

The utility model provides a multifunctional articulated chassis and a tractor, the multifunctional articulated chassis comprises a front frame, a rear frame, an articulated shaft and a telescopic driving mechanism, the front frame and the rear frame are articulated through the articulated shaft, and the articulated shaft is arranged along the height direction; the rear frame comprises a fixed frame and a rotating frame, the fixed frame is hinged to the front frame through a hinge shaft, and the rotating frame is rotationally connected to the fixed frame in the length direction of the rotating frame; the first end of the telescopic driving mechanism is hinged to the front frame, and the second end of the telescopic driving mechanism is hinged to the fixed frame. The telescopic driving mechanism stretches out or retracts back to drive the front frame and the rear frame to generate relative angle deflection, at the moment, due to the fact that the front frame and the rear frame both generate relative position deflection, the turning radius is reduced in the steering process compared with a traditional front wheel steering type chassis, the turning radius of the chassis in the turning process is smaller, and the steering efficiency of the chassis is improved. And turning and U-turn can be realized in a smaller area range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural vehicle technology, specifically to a multi-functional articulated chassis and tractor. Background Technology

[0002] As a power source in agriculture, tractors can be used as transportation tools by carrying cargo boxes, or they can be used to carry tillage and land preparation machinery to till or prepare farmland, or they can be used to carry seeding machinery to achieve semi-automatic seeding, or even achieve fully automatic seeding by installing existing auxiliary driving and navigation equipment.

[0003] It is known that mechanized operations using tractors have been widely used in northern my country. The main reason for this is that northern my country is mostly plains with flat land, which is suitable for large machinery to carry out fully automated operations. In contrast, southern my country is mostly hilly and mountainous, with smaller plots of land. Existing tractors have large turning radii and cannot complete turning and U-turn operations in small areas, which greatly limits the development of tractor-based mechanized operations in southern my country.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for a multi-functional articulated chassis and tractor to solve or at least partially solve the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a multifunctional articulated chassis, aiming to solve the current problems. A tractor chassis passed by. The problem of excessive turning radius when the front wheels are turned. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A multi-functional articulated chassis includes a front frame, a rear frame, an articulation shaft, and a telescopic drive mechanism. The front frame and the rear frame are hinged together by the articulation shaft, which is arranged along the height direction. The rear frame includes a fixed frame and a rotating frame. The fixed frame is hinged to the front frame via the articulation shaft, and the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the fixed frame along its own length direction. The first end of the telescopic drive mechanism is hinged to the front frame, and the second end of the telescopic drive mechanism is hinged to the fixed frame.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a transmission assembly, which includes a front axle, a middle axle, and a rear axle. The front axle is rotatably connected to the front frame, and the rear axle is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The first end of the middle axle is hinged to the front axle, and the rear end of the middle axle is hinged to the rear axle. The middle axle includes a first half-shaft and a second half-shaft. Splines are arranged on the first half-shaft, and keyways are arranged on the second half-shaft. The first half-shaft is fitted into the keyway of the second half-shaft through spline insertion. The first half-shaft is hinged to the front axle, and the second half-shaft is hinged to the rear axle.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a transmission assembly, which includes a front axle, a middle axle, and a rear axle. The front axle is rotatably connected to the front frame, and the rear axle is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The first end of the middle axle is hinged to the front axle, and the rear end of the middle axle is hinged to the rear axle. The middle axle includes a first half-shaft and a second half-shaft. A keyway is arranged on the first half-shaft, and a spline is arranged on the second half-shaft. The second half-shaft is fitted into the keyway of the first half-shaft through spline insertion. The first half-shaft is hinged to the front axle, and the second half-shaft is hinged to the rear axle.

[0009] Furthermore, the hinge shaft includes an upper shaft and a lower shaft, which are coaxially distributed vertically with a gap between them, and the middle shaft is arranged through the gap between the upper and lower shafts.

[0010] Furthermore, the telescopic drive mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixed frame has an inner tube, a first locking nut, and a second locking nut, while the rotating frame has a sleeve. The sleeve is coaxially fitted onto the outside of the inner tube. Both the first locking nut and the second locking nut are threaded onto the end of the inner tube near the rotating frame. One end of the first locking nut abuts against the end face of the sleeve near the rotating frame. The second locking nut is arranged close to the first locking nut.

[0012] Furthermore, a limiting mechanism is provided on the fixed frame. The limiting mechanism includes a limiting block, which is fixedly connected to the fixed frame and arranged within the rotation radius of the rotating frame to limit the rotation of the rotating frame.

[0013] Furthermore, two limit blocks are arranged, spaced apart along the width direction of the fixed frame, and located on the left and right sides of the inner tube.

[0014] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism also includes limiting screws, with two limiting screws arranged in a row. The two limiting screws are threaded onto the two limiting blocks respectively, and one end of the limiting screw passes through the limiting block and is arranged towards the rotating frame.

[0015] The application of the technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] When a turn is required, the telescopic drive mechanism extends or retracts, causing the front and rear frames to deflect at a relative angle. Because both the front and rear frames deflect relative to each other, with the front frame deflecting to one side and the rear frame deflecting to the other, the turning radius is reduced compared to a traditional front-wheel steering chassis. This allows the chassis to turn and make U-turns within a smaller area.

[0017] By configuring the rear frame to rotate relative to both the fixed and rotating frames, the rotating frame can rotate about its length. During tractor movement, when one side of the front frame is lifted, the front and fixed frames rotate relative to the rear frame. At this point, one wheel of the front frame is lifted while the other remains on the ground, both wheels are under load, preventing slippage. Similarly, when one wheel of the front frame is lifted, the movable frame rotates relative to the fixed frame, keeping the rear frame horizontal relative to the ground. Both wheels on the rear frame are supported on the ground, also preventing slippage. In short, none of the four wheels are suspended in the air or slipping, which improves the tractor's ability to travel on uneven terrain. Likewise, when one side of the rear frame is lifted, none of the four wheels are suspended in the air or slipping.

[0018] On the other hand, this application also provides a tractor including the aforementioned multi-functional articulated chassis.

[0019] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, this utility model has other objectives, features, and advantages. These will be described below with reference to... Figures 1-8 The present invention will be described in further detail below. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multifunctional hinged chassis according to this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the state of a multi-functional articulated chassis when it is not turning.

[0023] Figure 3 This is one of the overall structural schematic diagrams of the transmission component in a multifunctional articulated chassis according to this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the transmission component in a multifunctional articulated chassis according to this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the state of a multi-functional articulated chassis when turning right.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the state of a multi-functional articulated chassis turning left according to this utility model.

[0027] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a limiting mechanism in a multifunctional articulated chassis according to this utility model;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tractor according to the present invention;

[0029] Among them, 1. front frame; 2. rear frame; 21. fixed frame; 211. inner tube; 212. first locking nut; 213. second locking nut; 214. limiting mechanism; 2141. limiting block; 2142. limiting screw; 22. rotating frame; 221. sleeve; 3. hinge shaft; 31. upper shaft; 32. lower shaft; 4. telescopic drive mechanism; 5. transmission assembly; 51. front axle; 52. middle shaft; 251. first half shaft; 252. second half shaft; 53. rear axle. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To facilitate understanding of this invention, a more comprehensive description is provided below, along with preferred embodiments. However, this invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0032] Example:

[0033] See Figures 1-8 This embodiment provides a multi-functional articulated chassis, including a front frame, a rear frame, an articulation shaft, and a telescopic drive mechanism. The front frame and the rear frame are hinged together by the articulation shaft, which is arranged along the height direction. The rear frame includes a fixed frame and a rotating frame. The fixed frame is hinged to the front frame via the articulation shaft, and the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the fixed frame along its own length direction. The first end of the telescopic drive mechanism is hinged to the front frame, and the second end of the telescopic drive mechanism is hinged to the fixed frame.

[0034] Specifically, the chassis is mounted at the bottom of the tractor to support the weight of the entire tractor. The front frame houses the gearbox and front drive axle. The power input end of the front drive axle is located in the middle and connects to the output end of the gearbox. The output ends of the front drive axle are located at both ends, where the front wheels are mounted. The gearbox drives the front drive axle to rotate, thereby driving the two front wheels of the tractor. The movable frame houses the rear drive axle, with its output ends located at both ends. The rear drive axle's ends are used to mount the rear wheels, driving the rear wheels to rotate.

[0035] Understandably, when a turn is required, the telescopic drive mechanism extends or retracts, causing the front and rear frames to deflect at a relative angle. At this time, because both the front and rear frames deflect relative to each other, the front frame deflects to one side and the rear frame deflects to the other side. Therefore, the turning radius is reduced compared to a traditional front-wheel steering chassis during the turning process, making the chassis turn smaller and enabling turning and U-turns within a smaller area.

[0036] It should also be noted that when tilling farmland, uneven ground can cause one side of the chassis to lift up. In existing tractors, because the front and rear frames are a single unit, when one side of the chassis is lifted up, the other side will be suspended in the air. This will prevent the lifted wheel from bearing weight, causing it to spin freely. Furthermore, power cannot be smoothly transmitted to the wheel supported on the ground, resulting in the tractor breaking down. The design of this application, by configuring the rear frame to rotate relative to the fixed and rotating frames, allows the rotating frame to rotate about its length. During tractor operation, when one side of the front frame is lifted, the front and fixed frames rotate relative to the rear frame. At this time, one wheel of the front frame is lifted while the other remains on the ground, both wheels are under load, preventing slippage. Similarly, when one wheel of the front frame is lifted, the movable frame rotates relative to the fixed frame, keeping the rear frame horizontal relative to the ground. Both wheels on the rear frame are supported on the ground, also preventing slippage. In short, none of the four wheels are suspended or slipping, which improves the tractor's ability to travel on uneven terrain. Likewise, when one side of the rear frame is lifted, none of the four wheels are suspended or slipping.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, a transmission assembly is also included. The transmission assembly includes a front axle, a middle axle, and a rear axle. The front axle is rotatably connected to the front frame, and the rear axle is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The first end of the middle axle is hinged to the front axle, and the rear end of the middle axle is hinged to the rear axle. The middle axle includes a first half-shaft and a second half-shaft. A spline is arranged on the first half-shaft, and a keyway is arranged on the second half-shaft. The first half-shaft is fitted into the keyway of the second half-shaft through spline insertion. The first half-shaft is hinged to the front axle, and the second half-shaft is hinged to the rear axle.

[0038] Specifically, an engine is mounted on the chassis. The engine's output transmits power to the front drive axle via a first path, and to the front axle via a second path to drive the front wheels. Power is then transmitted sequentially to the rear drive axle via the front, middle, and rear axles to drive the rear wheels. The front axle and the first half-shaft are hinged together by a universal joint, as are the rear axle and the second half-shaft.

[0039] It is known that the engine's power can be smoothly transmitted to the rear drive axle to drive the rear wheels through the front, middle, and rear axles. Because the front, middle, and rear axles are all connected by universal joints, the engine's power can still be smoothly transmitted to the rear drive axle on the rear frame during vehicle cornering. The universal joints enable variable-angle transmission. The first and second half-shafts are coupled by splines and keyways, allowing the first half-shaft to move axially relative to the second half-shaft. Even if the length of the middle axle changes, this change in length compensates for positional changes at the hinge points between the front and middle axles and between the middle and rear axles during cornering, preventing jamming.

[0040] It's worth noting that when the front and rear frames rotate relative to each other, the angle between them decreases, changing from 180 degrees to less than 180 degrees. It should be noted that during the rotation of a universal joint, the smaller the angle between the input and output ends, the greater the energy loss. If the engine power is directly transmitted through two driveshafts hinged together by a universal joint, the angle between the two driveshafts is equal to the angle between the front and rear frames. However, by using a front axle, a middle axle, and a rear axle, the angle between the front and middle axles is larger than the angle between the front and rear frames, and the angle between the middle and rear axles is larger than the angle between the front and rear frames, thus reducing energy loss during transmission and improving transmission efficiency.

[0041] As another preferred embodiment, it also includes a transmission assembly, which includes a front axle, a middle axle, and a rear axle. The front axle is rotatably connected to the front frame, and the rear axle is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The first end of the middle axle is hinged to the front axle, and the rear end of the middle axle is hinged to the rear axle. The middle axle includes a first half-shaft and a second half-shaft. A keyway is arranged on the first half-shaft, and a spline is arranged on the second half-shaft. The second half-shaft is inserted into the keyway of the first half-shaft via the spline.

[0042] It can be seen that this solution is basically the same as the above implementation method. This solution changes the position of the spline and the keyway, arranging the spline on the second half-shaft and the keyway on the first half-shaft. Its working principle is basically the same as the above implementation method, and will not be repeated here.

[0043] Furthermore, the hinge shaft includes an upper shaft and a lower shaft, which are coaxially distributed vertically with a gap between them, and the middle shaft is arranged through the gap between the upper and lower shafts.

[0044] It is known that the articulated axle is arranged in the form of an upper and lower axle, allowing the middle axle to pass smoothly between the upper and lower axles. This facilitates the transmission of power from the engine on the front frame to the rear drive axle on the rear frame via the front, middle, and rear axles, thereby driving the rear wheels. Because the position of the middle axle shifts relative to the front and rear frames during chassis cornering, arranging the articulated axle in the form of an upper and lower axle ensures that the articulated axle does not obstruct the middle axle during cornering.

[0045] Furthermore, the telescopic drive mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder. It is known that the first end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the front frame, and the second end is hinged to the fixed frame. By extending or retracting the hydraulic cylinder, the front frame and rear frame are pushed to rotate relative to each other, thereby achieving chassis steering. Specifically, the first end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the end of the front half-shaft of the front frame near the tire. Because this position is farthest from the center of rotation, the hydraulic cylinder has the largest lever arm when driving the relative rotation of the front and rear frames, allowing it to drive the relative rotation of the front and rear frames relatively easily.

[0046] In some other embodiments of this application, the telescopic drive mechanism can also be an electric push rod, with the first end of the electric push rod hinged to the front frame and the second end hinged to the fixed frame. Its driving principle is basically the same as that of a hydraulic cylinder, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0047] Furthermore, the fixed frame has an inner tube, a first locking nut, and a second locking nut, while the rotating frame has a sleeve. The sleeve is coaxially fitted onto the outside of the inner tube. Both the first locking nut and the second locking nut are threaded onto the end of the inner tube near the rotating frame. One end of the first locking nut abuts against the end face of the sleeve near the rotating frame. The second locking nut is arranged close to the first locking nut.

[0048] It is understood that by fitting a sleeve onto the outside of the inner tube, the rotating frame is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The first and second locking nuts provide axial restraint to prevent the sleeve from detaching from the inner tube, and the tightening of the first and second locking nuts together prevents loosening.

[0049] Furthermore, a limiting mechanism is provided on the fixed frame. The limiting mechanism includes a limiting block, which is fixedly connected to the fixed frame and arranged within the rotation radius of the rotating frame to limit the rotation of the rotating frame.

[0050] It is known that without a limiting mechanism, the rotating frame could rotate 360 ​​degrees around the fixed frame, which is obviously detrimental to chassis driving safety. The limiting mechanism restricts the rotation of the rotating frame to a reasonable range. The limiting block is fixedly connected to the end of the fixed frame near the inner tube, limiting the rotation range of the rotating frame and ensuring it rotates within the defined area.

[0051] Furthermore, two limit blocks are arranged, spaced apart along the width direction of the fixed frame, and located on the left and right sides of the inner tube.

[0052] It can be seen that by arranging two limit blocks, the left and right rotation directions of the rotating frame are limited at the same time.

[0053] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism also includes limiting screws, with two limiting screws arranged in a row. The two limiting screws are threaded onto the two limiting blocks respectively, and one end of the limiting screw passes through the limiting block and is arranged towards the rotating frame.

[0054] As can be seen, the rotation range of the rotating frame can be easily adjusted by setting the limit screw. When it is necessary to increase the rotation range of the rotating frame, simply rotate the limit screw to move it away from the rotating frame; when it is necessary to decrease the rotation range of the rotating frame, simply rotate the limit screw to move it closer to the rotating frame.

[0055] On the other hand, this application also provides a tractor that includes the aforementioned multi-functional articulated chassis.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-functional articulated chassis, characterized in that: It includes a front frame (1), a rear frame (2), a hinge shaft (3), and a telescopic drive mechanism (4). The front frame (1) and the rear frame (2) are hinged together by the hinge shaft (3), and the hinge shaft (3) is arranged along the height direction. The rear frame (2) includes a fixed frame (21) and a rotating frame (22). The fixed frame (21) is hinged to the front frame (1) via the hinge shaft (3). The rotating frame (22) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (21) along its own length. The first end of the telescopic drive mechanism (4) is hinged to the front frame (1), and the second end of the telescopic drive mechanism (4) is hinged to the fixed frame (21).

2. The multifunctional articulated chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a transmission assembly (5), which includes a front axle (51), a middle axle (52) and a rear axle (53). The front axle (51) is rotatably connected to the front frame (1), and the rear axle (53) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (21). The first end of the middle axle (52) is hinged to the front axle (51), and the rear end of the middle axle (52) is hinged to the rear axle (53). The middle axle (52) includes a first half-shaft (251) and a second half-shaft (252). A spline is arranged on the first half-shaft (251), and a keyway is arranged on the second half-shaft (252). The first half-shaft (251) is inserted into the keyway of the second half-shaft (252) by spline insertion. The first half-shaft (251) is hinged to the front shaft (51), and the second half-shaft (252) is hinged to the rear shaft (53).

3. A multifunctional articulated chassis according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a transmission assembly (5), which includes a front axle (51), a middle axle (52) and a rear axle (53). The front axle (51) is rotatably connected to the front frame (1), and the rear axle (53) is rotatably connected to the fixed frame (21). The first end of the middle axle (52) is hinged to the front axle (51), and the rear end of the middle axle (52) is hinged to the rear axle (53). The middle axle (52) includes a first half-shaft (251) and a second half-shaft (252). A keyway is arranged on the first half-shaft (251), and a spline is arranged on the second half-shaft (252). The second half-shaft (252) is inserted into the keyway of the first half-shaft (251) by spline insertion. The first half-shaft (251) is hinged to the front shaft (51), and the second half-shaft (252) is hinged to the rear shaft (53).

4. A multi-functional articulated chassis according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The hinge shaft (3) includes an upper shaft (31) and a lower shaft (32), which are coaxially distributed vertically, and there is a gap between the upper shaft (31) and the lower shaft (32). The middle shaft (52) passes through the gap between the upper shaft (31) and the lower shaft (32).

5. A multi-functional articulated chassis according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The telescopic drive mechanism (4) is a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.

6. A multi-functional articulated chassis according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The fixed frame (21) has an inner tube (211), a first locking nut (212), and a second locking nut (213). The rotating frame (22) has a sleeve (221). The sleeve (221) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the inner tube (211). The first locking nut (212) and the second locking nut (213) are both threaded to one end of the inner tube (211) near the rotating frame (22). One end of the first locking nut (212) abuts against the end face of the sleeve (221) near the rotating frame (22). The second locking nut (213) is arranged close to the first locking nut (212).

7. A multifunctional articulated chassis according to claim 6, characterized in that: A limiting mechanism (214) is provided on the fixed frame (21). The limiting mechanism (214) includes a limiting block (2141). The limiting block (2141) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (21), and the limiting block (2141) is arranged within the rotation radius of the rotating frame (22) to limit the rotating frame (22).

8. A multifunctional articulated chassis according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two limiting blocks (2141) are arranged, and the two limiting blocks (2141) are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the fixed frame (21), and the two limiting blocks (2141) are located on the left and right sides of the inner tube (211).

9. A multifunctional articulated chassis according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (214) further includes limiting screws (2142), two of which are arranged, and the two limiting screws (2142) are threadedly connected to the two limiting blocks (2141) respectively. One end of the limiting screw (2142) passes through the limiting block (2141) and is arranged towards the rotating frame (22).

10. A tractor, characterized in that: The multi-functional articulated chassis includes any one of claims 1-9.

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