Fuel cell and bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure thereof

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell and a bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure thereof. The cooling liquid inlet area is arranged at the cooling liquid inlet of the plate body, and the cooling liquid inlet area comprises a plurality of strip-shaped first bosses; the cooling liquid inlet distribution area is arranged at the rear end of the flow direction of liquid in the cooling liquid inlet area, and the cooling liquid distribution area comprises a plurality of second bosses which are arranged in a point shape; and the cooling liquid direct flow area is arranged at the rear end of the liquid flow direction of the cooling liquid inlet distribution area, and the cooling liquid direct flow area comprises a plurality of strip-shaped third bosses. Through the design of the different bosses in the three areas, it is ensured that cooling liquid entering the cooling liquid straight flow channel is distributed more evenly, the flow speed is more reasonable, heat generated by reaction of all the areas can be timely transmitted out through even cooling liquid distribution, the reasonable running temperature of the galvanic pile is ensured, and the working reliability of the galvanic pile is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to fuel cell technical field especially is related to a kind of fuel cell and its bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cell is with hydrogen as fuel, by electrochemical reaction the chemical energy in fuel cell is converted into electric energy generating device, fuel cell stack is mainly composed of bipolar plate, membrane electrode, current collector plate, gas inlet end plate, rear end plate, fixed assembly and other components.And one of the core components of bipolar plate is the whole stack.Bipolar plate distributes reaction gas and coolant through flow field, provides reactant, discharges product and cooling for fuel cell.The flow field design of the coolant of bipolar plate will affect the uniformity and flow velocity of the coolant in the bipolar plate, and further affect the working performance of fuel cell stack.Good coolant flow field structure can well ensure that stack is in the best working temperature range.

[0003] The existing fuel cell bipolar plate coolant flow field is mainly composed of three parts, which are cooling liquid inlet area, cooling liquid inlet distribution area and cooling liquid straight channel area.The cooling liquid inlet distribution area mainly plays an important role in dispersing the cooling liquid and uniformly guiding it to the cooling liquid straight channel area.The cooling liquid inlet area, cooling liquid inlet distribution area and cooling liquid straight channel area of the existing bipolar plate coolant flow field are all designed with multiple circular bosses for hindering and dispersing gas, which is difficult to ensure the uniformity and flow rate of the cooling liquid on the bipolar plate in the flow field area, and is easy to cause some areas to heat not in time, thereby causing the membrane electrode to be ablated and other adverse phenomena. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a kind of fuel cell and its bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure, ensure that the cooling liquid distribution is more uniform, flow rate is more reasonable, and the uniform cooling liquid distribution can timely transmit the heat generated by each area reaction, ensure the reasonable temperature of stack operation and improve the reliability of stack operation.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a kind of bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure of fuel cell, including:

[0006] Plate body;

[0007] Cooling liquid inlet area, the cooling liquid inlet area is set to the cooling liquid inlet of the plate body, and the cooling liquid inlet area includes a plurality of first bosses arranged in strip shape;

[0008] Cooling liquid inlet distribution area, the cooling liquid inlet distribution area is set to the liquid flow direction rear end of the cooling liquid inlet area, and the cooling liquid inlet distribution area includes a plurality of second bosses arranged in point shape.

[0009] The cooling liquid straight flow area is arranged at the rear end of the liquid flow direction of the cooling liquid inlet distribution area, and the cooling liquid straight flow area comprises a plurality of third bosses arranged in strips.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure has the beneficial effects that: the cooling liquid flow field structure on the bipolar plate has different flow channel designs in each region, the cooling liquid inlet area is provided with strip-shaped first bosses to form strip-shaped cooling liquid flow channels, so that the cooling liquid entering the bipolar plate reaches the cooling liquid inlet distribution area under the guidance of the first bosses, the midpoint-shaped second bosses in the cooling liquid inlet distribution area can disrupt the cooling liquid entering the cooling liquid inlet distribution area, so that the cooling liquid has a flow direction of uniformly flowing to the four directions, and the disrupted cooling liquid reaches the cooling liquid straight flow area, and the cooling liquid entering the straight flow area passes through the flow channels formed by the strip-shaped third bosses, thereby playing an important role in adjusting the temperature of the bipolar plate; the bipolar plate is provided with three different boss designs, so that the cooling liquid can be timely dispersed and diffused when passing through the distribution area, the distribution of the cooling liquid entering the cooling liquid straight flow channel is more uniform, the flow rate is more reasonable, and the uniform distribution of the cooling liquid can timely transmit the heat generated in each region, thereby ensuring the reasonable temperature of the electric pile and improving the reliability of the electric pile.

[0011] The bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure of the fuel cell comprises a plurality of first bosses arranged in parallel, the distance between adjacent first bosses is equal, and a first groove is formed between adjacent first bosses.

[0012] The bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure of the fuel cell comprises a diffusion area and a stable area, the inlet of the diffusion area is connected to the cooling liquid inlet area, the first bosses of the diffusion area are diffused towards the stable area, and the outlet of the stable area is connected to the cooling liquid straight flow area.

[0013] The diffusion area is provided with a plurality of fourth bosses arranged in strips at intervals, and the fourth bosses are arranged along the diffusion direction of the second bosses.

[0014] The end of the fourth boss is provided with a notch structure.

[0015] The diameter of the second boss ranges from 0.5mm to 2mm, and the width of the fourth boss ranges from 0.5mm to 2mm.

[0016] The bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure of the fuel cell of the embodiment of the utility model, the other side of the cooling liquid direct current area is arranged with cooling liquid outlet distribution area and cooling liquid outlet area in proper order back to the cooling liquid import area, the cooling liquid outlet area is connected with the cooling liquid outlet of bipolar plate, the cooling liquid outlet distribution area is arranged with the cooling liquid import distribution area symmetry, the cooling liquid outlet area is also arranged with the cooling liquid import area symmetry.

[0017] The bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure of the fuel cell of the embodiment of the utility model, the stable area includes at least two rows of the second boss distributed in dot matrix.

[0018] The bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure of the fuel cell of the embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of the third boss is arranged in parallel, the distance between adjacent third bosses is equal, and a second groove is formed between adjacent third bosses.

[0019] The utility model also provides a kind of fuel cell, including the bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure of any one of the above embodiment.

[0020] The bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure of the fuel cell of the embodiment of the utility model, the other side of the cooling liquid direct current area is arranged with cooling liquid outlet distribution area and cooling liquid outlet area in proper order back to the cooling liquid import area, the cooling liquid outlet area is connected with the cooling liquid outlet of bipolar plate, the cooling liquid outlet distribution area is arranged with the cooling liquid import distribution area symmetry, the cooling liquid outlet area is also arranged with the cooling liquid import area symmetry.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be partially given in the following description, some will become obvious from the following description, or be understood by the practice of the utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic diagram of the bipolar plate cooling liquid import flow field of the fuel cell of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2It is the whole structure schematic view of bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure of fuel cell of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] In the figure, 1, plate body;2, cooling liquid import area;21, first boss;22, second recess;3, cooling liquid import distribution area;31, second boss;32, diffusion area;33, stable area;34, fourth boss;35, notch structure;4, cooling liquid straight flow area;41, third boss;42, second recess;5, cooling liquid export distribution area;6, cooling liquid export area;7, cooling liquid export;8, cooling liquid import. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below, the examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar signs represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary, only for explaining the utility model, and cannot be understood as the limitation of the utility model.

[0026] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation description, such as up, down, front, back, left, right and the like, is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and is not indicative or implicit of the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, a particular orientation and operation, therefore, it cannot be understood as the limitation of the utility model.

[0027] In the description of the utility model, the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is two or more, greater than, less than, more than and the like are not included in the number, above, below, within and the like are included in the number. If the first, the second is described, it is only for distinguishing the purpose of technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0028] In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installation, connection and the like should be broadly understood, and the person skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the utility model according to the specific content of the technical scheme.

[0029] As Figure 1As shown, the bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure of the utility model optimizes the embodiment, including the plate body 1, the plate body 1 includes cooling liquid inlet flow field, and the cooling liquid inlet flow field includes the cooling liquid inlet area 2, cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3 and cooling liquid straight flow area 4 that are sequentially arranged;Cooling liquid inlet area 2 is arranged at the cooling liquid inlet 8 of plate body 1, and cooling liquid inlet area 2 includes a plurality of strip-shaped first bosses 21, forms strip-shaped cooling liquid flow channel, so that the cooling liquid entering the bipolar plate reaches cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3 under the guidance of first boss 21;Cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3 is arranged at the rear end of the flow direction of the liquid of cooling liquid inlet area 2, and cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3 includes a plurality of point-shaped second bosses 31, and the point-shaped second boss 31 in cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3 can disturb the cooling liquid entering cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3, so that it has the flow direction of uniform flow to four directions;Cooling liquid straight flow area 4 is arranged at the rear end of the flow direction of the liquid of cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3, and cooling liquid straight flow area 4 includes a plurality of strip-shaped third bosses 41, and the flow channel formed by the strip-shaped third boss 41 after the cooling liquid enters the straight flow area plays an important role in adjusting the temperature of the bipolar plate.

[0030] The bipolar plate of the present application passes through the design of three different bosses, so that the cooling liquid can be dispersed and diffused in time when passing through the distribution area, ensure that the cooling liquid distribution is more uniform when entering the cooling liquid straight channel, and the flow rate is more reasonable, and the uniform cooling liquid distribution can timely transmit the heat generated by each region reaction, ensure the reasonable temperature of the stack operation and improve the reliability of the stack operation.

[0031] In some embodiments of the utility model, first recess 22 is formed between adjacent first bosses 21, and a plurality of first bosses 21 are arranged in parallel, the parallel arrangement of first bosses 21 ensures that the flow direction of the flow channel of first recess 22 between them is the same, and the equal distance between adjacent first bosses 21 ensures that the width of the flow channel of a plurality of first recesses 22 is equal, so that the cooling liquid enters the cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3 after being stably guided by first recess 22 after entering the bipolar plate.

[0032] In some embodiments of the utility model, cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3 includes diffusion area 32 and stable area 33, the inlet of diffusion area 32 is connected with cooling liquid inlet area 2, the role of diffusion area 32 is to disturb the cooling liquid and diffuse the cooling liquid into a wider space, therefore, the first boss 21 of diffusion area 32 is diffused towards stable area 33, the second boss 31 close to cooling liquid inlet area 2 is less and the distance between them is closer, and the second boss 31 close to stable area 33 is more and the distance between them is farther, which can achieve better diffusion and disturbance effect.

[0033] In some embodiments of the utility model, diffusion area 32 is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped fourth bosses 34, fourth boss 34 is arranged along the diffusion direction of second boss 31, and long strip-shaped fourth boss 34 plays the role of distributing water flow, adjusts the cooling liquid flow of each area of cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3 into cooling liquid direct current area 4, ensures that the flow of each area of cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3 reaches cooling liquid direct current area 4 is equal, prevents the flow of cooling liquid after being disturbed from being uneven, causes some areas to not radiate in time, and further causes the film electrode to occur ablation and other adverse phenomena.

[0034] In some embodiments of the utility model, the end of fourth boss 34 is provided with a notch structure 35, the notch structure 35 can finely and accurately distribute the cooling liquid, prevent the flow of a certain area from being too large, and can shunt to the adjacent area to supplement the cooling liquid flow of the surrounding area.

[0035] The outlet of stabilizing area 33 is connected with cooling liquid direct current area 4, stabilizing area 33 is used for rectifying the cooling liquid disturbed and diffused initially into uniform liquid flow, can uniformly guide the disturbed cooling liquid into the cooling liquid direct current channel, and the second boss 31 of stabilizing area 33 is uniformly arranged along the flow direction of liquid, so that the disturbed cooling liquid passes through the gap between the second bosses 31, and is converted into cooling liquid flow with stable flow rate and flow direction.

[0036] In some embodiments of the utility model, stabilizing area 33 includes at least two rows of second bosses 31 arranged in a dot matrix, and the plurality of second bosses 31 can adjust the cooling liquid multiple times, so that the disturbed cooling liquid is fully rectified. Further, the second boss 31 can be arranged in 2-4 rows, and the disturbed cooling liquid is uniformly guided into the cooling liquid direct current channel.

[0037] In some embodiments of the utility model, the diameter of second boss 31 is arranged in the range of 0.5mm-2mm, which is suitable for the configuration of the flow channel of the cooling liquid, and the width of fourth boss 34 is also arranged in the range of 0.5mm-2mm, which corresponds to the size of second boss 31.

[0038] In some embodiments of the utility model, the height of first boss 21, second boss 31, third boss 41 and fourth boss 34 ranges from 0.1mm to 1mm, and is preferably 0.3mm.

[0039] In some embodiments of this utility model, multiple third protrusions 41 are arranged parallel to each other, with equal distances between adjacent third protrusions 41. A second groove 42 is formed between adjacent third protrusions 41, allowing coolant to enter the heat exchange channel stably, smoothly, and evenly through the second groove 42 to begin heat exchange. The end of the third protrusion 41 facing the coolant distribution area is configured with an arc structure, which allows the coolant in the coolant inlet distribution area 3 to flow more smoothly into the second groove 42 of the coolant direct flow area 4.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, on the side of the coolant direct flow zone 4 opposite to the coolant inlet zone 2, a coolant outlet distribution zone 5 and a coolant outlet zone 6 are arranged in sequence. The coolant outlet zone 5 is connected to a coolant outlet 7 of a bipolar plate. The coolant outlet distribution zone 5 is symmetrically arranged with the coolant inlet distribution zone 3, and the coolant outlet zone 6 is also symmetrically arranged with the coolant inlet zone 2. While the positions are symmetrical, the guide grooves and bosses in the coolant outlet distribution zone 5 and the coolant outlet zone 6 are also symmetrically arranged with the coolant inlet distribution zone 3 and the coolant inlet zone 6, so that the liquid flowing out of the coolant direct flow zone 4 can also be uniformly guided and stably flow out of the coolant outlet 7.

[0041] This invention also provides a fuel cell, including the bipolar plate coolant flow field structure of any of the above embodiments. The fuel cell contains bipolar plates, and each region of the bipolar plate has a different flow channel design for the coolant flow field. The coolant inlet region 2 is formed by a strip-shaped first protrusion 21, which guides the coolant entering the bipolar plate to the coolant inlet distribution region 3. The dot-shaped second protrusion 31 in the coolant inlet distribution region 3 can disrupt the coolant entering the coolant inlet distribution region 3, so that it has a uniform flow direction. The disrupted coolant reaches the coolant direct flow region 4. After entering the direct flow region, the coolant passes through the flow channel formed by the strip-shaped third protrusion 41, which plays an important role in regulating the temperature of the bipolar plate. The bipolar plate of this application, through the different protrusion designs in three regions, can make the coolant disperse and spread in time when passing through the distribution region, ensuring that the coolant distribution is more uniform and the flow rate is more reasonable when entering the coolant direct flow channel. The uniform coolant distribution can transfer the heat generated by the reaction in each region in time, ensuring the reasonable operating temperature of the stack and improving the reliability of the stack operation, further ensuring the stable operation of the fuel cell.

[0042] The working process of the utility model is: the cooling liquid flow field structure on the bipolar plate has different flow channel design in each region, the cooling liquid inlet area 2 is formed strip-shaped cooling liquid flow channel through setting strip-shaped first boss 21, makes the cooling into the bipolar plate reach the cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3 under the guidance of first boss 21, the midpoint of the second boss 31 in the cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3 and the strip-shaped fourth boss 34 cooperate can break the cooling liquid into the cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3, make it have the flow direction of uniform flow to four around, the cooling liquid that reaches cooling liquid direct current area 4 after the broken cooling liquid inlet distribution area 3, the cooling liquid enters the flow channel formed by strip-shaped third boss 41 after direct current area, play the important role of adjusting the temperature of bipolar plate.

[0043] In conclusion, the utility model discloses a kind of fuel cell and its bipolar plate cooling liquid flow field structure, it is passed through the boss design of different three regions, so that cooling liquid can be dispersed in time when passing through distribution area and spread, ensure that the cooling liquid distribution when entering cooling liquid direct current channel is more uniform, flow rate is more reasonable, the heat generated by the uniform cooling liquid distribution of each region reaction is transmitted in time, ensure the reasonable temperature of electric pile operation and improve the reliability of electric pile work.

[0044] The above is only preferred embodiment of the utility model, it should be pointed out, for ordinary skilled person in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the utility model, under the premise of, can make several improvements and replacement, these improvements and replacement also should be considered as the protection range of the utility model.

Claims

1. A bipolar plate coolant flow field structure for a fuel cell, characterized in that, include: plate body; A coolant inlet area is provided at the coolant inlet of the plate, and the coolant inlet area includes multiple strip-shaped first protrusions; A coolant inlet distribution area is provided at the rear end of the flow direction of the coolant inlet area, and the coolant inlet distribution area includes a plurality of dot-shaped second protrusions; The coolant direct flow zone is located at the rear end of the coolant inlet distribution zone in the direction of liquid flow, and the coolant direct flow zone includes multiple strip-shaped third protrusions.

2. The bipolar plate coolant flow field structure of the fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple first protrusions are arranged parallel to each other, the distance between adjacent first protrusions is equal, and a first groove is formed between adjacent first protrusions.

3. The bipolar plate coolant flow field structure of the fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coolant inlet distribution area includes a diffusion area and a stabilization area. The inlet of the diffusion area is connected to the coolant inlet area. The first protrusion of the diffusion area is diffused towards the stabilization area. The outlet of the stabilization area is connected to the coolant direct flow area.

4. The bipolar plate coolant flow field structure of the fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diffusion zone is provided with multiple strip-shaped fourth protrusions, which are arranged along the diffusion direction of the second protrusion.

5. The bipolar plate coolant flow field structure of the fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fourth protrusion has a notch structure at its end.

6. The bipolar plate coolant flow field structure of the fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the second boss ranges from 0.5mm to 2mm, and the width of the fourth boss ranges from 0.5mm to 2mm.

7. The bipolar plate coolant flow field structure of the fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the opposite side of the coolant direct flow area from the coolant inlet area, there are a coolant outlet distribution area and a coolant outlet area arranged in sequence. The coolant outlet area is connected to the coolant outlet of the bipolar plate. The coolant outlet distribution area is symmetrically arranged with the coolant inlet distribution area, and the coolant outlet area is also symmetrically arranged with the coolant inlet area.

8. The bipolar plate coolant flow field structure of the fuel cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stable region includes at least two rows of second protrusions arranged in a lattice pattern.

9. The bipolar plate coolant flow field structure of the fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple third protrusions are arranged parallel to each other, the distance between adjacent third protrusions is equal, and a second groove is formed between adjacent third protrusions.

10. A fuel cell, characterized in that: Includes the bipolar plate coolant flow field structure as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images