Seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding

Abstract

The utility model discloses a seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding, which is characterized in that a screening mechanism is provided with a plurality of layers of screen bodies, the screen bodies are sequentially arranged along the height direction, screened materials are conveyed to the next screen body under the guide of a guide plate, and the screened materials at all levels are respectively discharged through corresponding output channels; a screen cleaning mechanism used for preventing blocking of a screen is arranged below the screen of the screening mechanism in a matched mode, wheat seeds are cleaned and graded, the seeds of different grades are obtained and discharged out of the machine through different output channels, and the requirement for unsatisfactory equivalence is met; and during grading, a small amount of straw and other impurities in the wheat grains can be removed to the greatest extent through the fan, so that the impurity rate is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of wheat breeding and cleaning, particularly relates to a seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, seed cleaning machines are mainly wind screen type and specific gravity type. From the screen body, the wheat is cleaned mainly by designing and optimizing the screen mesh structure, screen frame vibration frequency, screen mesh inclination angle, screen mesh quantity and arrangement mode, etc. The quality of the cleaned seeds is uneven, and it is difficult to meet the agronomic requirements of wheat breeding operation on seeds. There are still many broken grains and shriveled grains in the cleaned seeds, which cannot be used for wheat breeding operation.

[0003] Although many studies have been conducted on the structure motion parameters of the cleaning device, the optimization of the air flow field of the air cleaning, and the mathematical model of the material in the screening process, most of the current researches are still single-layer screens, and the double-layer screens do not grade the seeds and do not have a screen cleaning device. In the face of large feeding amount and complex material composition, only the impurities and seeds are separated, and the seeds are not graded to obtain high-quality seeds for breeding operation. The screen mesh of the existing cleaning machine is seriously blocked, which seriously affects the cleaning efficiency and cleaning effect, and also causes the phenomenon of mixing different wheat seed varieties. At present, the screen cleaning is mainly manual, which consumes time and effort, and also reduces the work efficiency.

[0004] The utility model discloses a grain seed multistage cleaning device in the utility model discloses a grain seed multistage cleaning device, its technical scheme main points include screening bucket assembly, rotation drive assembly, support base plate and screening bucket support assembly, support base plate includes support table and the foot column of setting in support table's lower surface four corners, and support table's upper surface one side is equipped with screening bucket support assembly, the rotation drive assembly is equipped between one side of screening bucket support assembly and the upper surface of support table, the annular disc one side of rotation drive assembly is equipped with screening bucket assembly, the number of screening bucket assembly is not less than three, three screening bucket assemblies are distributed from inside to outside in turn, and the seed screened out can be guided out from the one end of the cleaning screen cylinder opening through the spiral conveying blade, the grain seed multistage cleaning device, simple structure, easy operation, not only make the device control more convenient, and can carry out multistage screening simultaneously, however its main through the screening bucket assembly rotation of distributing from inside to outside in turn, multistage cleaning of different size seeds. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model discloses a seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding, which can realize the discharge of waste while collecting wheat seeds of large, medium and small sizes in different channels, improve the wheat cleaning efficiency and grading qualification rate.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding includes a main frame and a material box, a material lifting mechanism, a screening mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a fan installed on the main frame. The material enters the material lifting mechanism through the inlet of the material box and is conveyed to the top of the material lifting mechanism by belt drive and falls onto the receiving device along the material pipe. The fan connected to the receiving device removes impurities from the material. The material after impurity removal is sent to the screening mechanism through the receiving plate installed on the receiving device.

[0008] The screening mechanism includes multiple screen bodies, which are arranged sequentially along the height direction and guided by the guide plate to send the screened material to the next screen body. The screened material is discharged through the corresponding output channel.

[0009] The cleaning mechanism is located below the screen of the screening mechanism and is used to prevent the screen from clogging.

[0010] The multi-layer sieve body has four layers, including a first sieve body, a second sieve body, a third sieve body, and a fourth sieve body arranged from top to bottom.

[0011] The first layer of the screen body is a screen structure and is inclined and fixed at the end of the receiving plate;

[0012] The second, third, and fourth sieve bodies each include a screen, a swing arm fixed to the main frame, and a drive device. An eccentric bushing is fitted on the drive device, and a drive rod is fixedly connected to the eccentric bushing. The first end of the drive rod is fixed below the sieve plate. The drive device is connected to the motor via belt drive and drives the sieve body to perform linear reciprocating motion through the drive rod.

[0013] The third and fourth sieves move in opposite directions.

[0014] The cleaning and screening mechanism includes spaced-out protruding baffles, multiple support rods fixed on both sides of the main frame, and elastic balls placed between the baffles. The elastic balls bounce on the support rods and continuously impact the screen as the screen vibrates.

[0015] The cleaning and screening mechanism is located below the screens of the second and third screen layers.

[0016] The baffle has 2 to 5 sections, and 10 to 20 elastic balls are arranged between each baffle.

[0017] The mesh size of the screen decreases from top to bottom, and the receiving plates of each screen body are arranged in an S-shape at the end of the screen.

[0018] Each of the multi-layered screens also includes a channel for impurities, and the direction of movement of the impurities channel is opposite to that of the screen mesh.

[0019] The driving device adopts belt transmission, and comprises an impeller belt wheel connected with the motor belt transmission, the other end of the impeller belt wheel is connected with the driving rod belt wheel of the driving device, and the other end of the impeller belt wheel is also connected with the fan belt wheel through belt transmission.

[0020] The material guide plate is provided with two layers, and the pipeline opening of the fan is arranged on the side wall between the two layers of the material guide plate.

[0021] The utility model discloses the beneficial effects are:

[0022] (1) the utility model discloses a seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding, through setting the screening mechanism as multilayer screen body, arranging in turn along the height direction and under the guidance of the deflector, the material after screening is sent to the next screen body, and the screened material of each level is discharged through the corresponding output channel respectively, the screen mesh of the screening mechanism is provided with the screen cleaning mechanism for preventing the screen mesh from being blocked, the wheat seeds are cleaned and graded, the seeds of different grades are obtained and discharged to the machine outside through different output channels, and the non-uniform requirement is satisfied, and when grading, a small amount of straw and other impurities in the wheat seeds can be removed to the maximum extent through the fan, and the impurity content is reduced.

[0023] (2) the screen cleaning mechanism can effectively avoid the screen mesh from being blocked, thereby avoiding the mixed seed phenomenon of the wheat variety, and effectively improving the wheat cleaning efficiency and the grading qualified rate.

[0024] (3) the wheat seeds after grading can be used in different situations according to the seed quality, the high-quality seeds can be used for scientific research to cultivate new varieties or directly sowed, and the poor-quality seeds can be used for food processing and feed, and the utilization rate of the seeds is improved. DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 is the perspective view of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 is the perspective view of the material receiving device;

[0028] Figure 4 is the side view of the material receiving device;

[0029] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the driving device and the driving rod;

[0030] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the second screen body;

[0031] Figure 7is a perspective view of the third layer of the screen body;

[0032] Figure 8 is a side view of the third layer of the screen body;

[0033] Figure 9 is a structural schematic view of the fourth layer of the screen body;

[0034] Figure 10 is a structural schematic view of the material lifting mechanism;

[0035] Figure 11 is a transmission schematic view of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the utility model from the content disclosed in the specification.

[0037] The utility model provides a seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding, as shown in Figures 1 to 11

[0038] A seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding, including main body frame and being located on the main body frame material box 16, material lifting mechanism 10, screening mechanism 4, clean screen mechanism 25, transmission mechanism 13 and fan 7, material enters material lifting mechanism 10 through the inlet of material box 16 and is delivered to the top of material lifting mechanism 10 through belt drive and falls on the receiving device along the material pipeline 9, and the fan 7 connected on the receiving device removes the impurities, and the material after removing the impurities is sent to the screening mechanism through the receiving plate on the receiving device. The receiving device is provided with a discharge port 18 and a material guide plate arranged at the lower end, in the embodiment, the material guide plate is provided with two layers including the first material guide plate 19 and the second material guide plate 20, and the pipeline opening of the fan 7 is arranged on the side wall between the two layers of material guide plates, and the fan interface 21 is arranged on the side wall.

[0039] The screening mechanism includes multiple layers of screen bodies, and the multiple layers of screen bodies are arranged in sequence along the height direction and guide the screened material to the next screen body under the guidance of the guide plate, and the screened materials of each level are discharged through the corresponding output channels.

[0040] ​The screen cleaning mechanism is arranged below the screen of the second layer screen body 12 and the third layer screen body 4, as shown in FIG. 2, the screen cleaning mechanism arranged below the second layer screen body 12 includes a first baffle 25 with a spacing protrusion, a plurality of first support rods 26 fixed on both sides of the main frame, and elastic balls placed between the first baffles 25, and the lower end of the first support rod 26 is further fixed with a first screen bottom plate 28.

[0041] In the embodiment, the screen cleaning mechanism is arranged below the screen of the second layer screen body 12 and the third layer screen body 4, as shown in FIG. 2, the screen cleaning mechanism arranged below the second layer screen body 12 includes a first baffle 25 with a spacing protrusion, a plurality of first support rods 26 fixed on both sides of the main frame, and elastic balls placed between the first baffles 25, and the lower end of the first support rod 26 is further fixed with a first screen bottom plate 28. Figure 6 The elastic balls bounce on the first support rods 26 with the vibration of the screen body and continuously impact the screen, and preferably, the elastic balls are rubber balls. The elastic balls can effectively prevent the screen from being blocked, thereby avoiding the mixed variety of wheat and effectively improving the wheat cleaning efficiency and the qualified rate.

[0042] The driving device adopts belt transmission, and includes an impeller belt wheel connected with the motor 1 in belt transmission, the other end of the impeller belt wheel is in transmission connection with a driving rod belt wheel 48 of the driving device, and the other end of the impeller belt wheel is also in belt transmission connection with a fan belt wheel 50.

[0043] In order to effectively clean the screen, the baffle of each layer of screen cleaning mechanism is provided with 2-5 baffles, and 10-20 elastic balls are arranged between each baffle; in the embodiment, the baffle is provided with 3 baffles, the screen cleaning mechanism is divided into four grids, and there are 15 rubber balls with a diameter of 30mm between each grid.

[0044] The multi-layer screen body is also provided with an impurity material channel, and the impurity material channel is opposite to the movement direction of the screen.

[0045] The grading method of the seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding, based on the three-axis size of the wheat seeds, the screen cleaning mechanism and the fan are combined, the screen and fan combination is used to clean the sundries, then the wheat seeds are classified into multiple layers according to the thickness of the wheat kernels through the screening mechanism, and the elastic vibration of the arranged screen cleaning mechanism is used to clean the seeds stuck in the screen surface and screen holes, so as to avoid mixed varieties.

[0046] The following will be further described in combination with specific embodiments:

[0047] When working, the cleaning and grading device is connected to the power supply, the motor is operated, the material lifting mechanism is operated through the second motor belt pulley 42 driving the material lifting mechanism belt pulley 48, the first impeller belt pulley 41 drives the first impeller belt pulley 44 to operate, the fan operates, the second impeller belt pulley 45 drives the driving rod belt pulley 43 to operate, the fourth layer sieve body 2 is connected to the driving rod and moves linearly through the eccentric shaft sleeve to drive the driving rod to move linearly, the third layer sieve body 4 moves in the opposite direction through the four swing arms arranged on the sieve box, the fourth impeller belt pulley 47 drives the second driving rod belt pulley 48, the second layer sieve body 12 is connected to the driving rod, and the sieve body moves linearly through the eccentric shaft sleeve to drive the sieve body to move linearly, thereby performing the cleaning work, and the third impeller belt pulley 46 drives the fan belt pulley 50, thereby driving the fan to operate.

[0048] During the movement of the material, the wheat seeds are first placed in the material box 16, the adjusting plate located at the inlet is adjusted to adjust the appropriate size of the inlet, and the wheat seeds enter the material lifting mechanism 10 through the inlet. The wheat seeds fall into the material groove 33 fixed on the conveying belt 34, are transported to the discharge port 35 at the top of the material lifting mechanism through belt transmission, and fall onto the receiving device along the material pipeline 9, the receiving device is connected to the fan 7, and the lighter impurities are discharged to the outside of the machine through the fan.

[0049] The wheat seeds move forward along the receiving plate 19 to the first layer sieve 11, the wheat seeds move forward under the vibration of the sieve, the larger impurity particles move to the larger impurity material channel through the sieve, and are discharged to the outside of the machine along the larger impurity material channel, the wheat seeds fall onto the sieve of the second layer sieve body 12 through the sieve holes, the second layer sieve body 12 is fixed on the rack through the four swing arms 6, the sieve body moves linearly through the driving rod 24 connected to the eccentric shaft sleeve 23, the wheat seeds move along the sieve, the shriveled and broken grains fall onto the sieve bottom plate through the sieve holes, move along the receiving plate, and are discharged to the outside of the machine through the small grain material channel 5 arranged at the corresponding small grain outlet 27.

[0050] The cleaning mechanism is arranged below the sieve and is fixed on the sieve body, and the cleaning mechanism includes a support rod for supporting rubber balls, rubber balls, and a baffle, the cleaning mechanism is divided into four grids through the baffle, there are 15 rubber balls with a diameter of 30 mm in each grid, the rubber balls move on the support rod under the vibration of the sieve body, and the rubber balls are in contact with the wheat seeds blocked in the sieve through continuous impact on the sieve, thereby reducing the blockage of the sieve holes.

[0051] The wheat moves to the tail of the second layer screen and falls to the screen of the third layer screen body 4 along the material guide plate, the medium-sized wheat seeds fall to the second screen body bottom plate 38 through the screen hole, move forward along the bottom plate, the larger seeds move to the tail end large seed guide plate 15 along the screen, and are discharged out of the machine along the material guide plate; the screen cleaning mechanism is fixed on the screen body below the screen, the screen cleaning mechanism on the screen of the third layer screen body 4 includes the second support rod 37, the rubber ball and the second baffle 36, the screen cleaning mechanism is divided into four grids through the second baffle 36, there are 15 rubber balls with a diameter of 30mm in each grid, the rubber ball bounces on the second support rod 37 under the vibration of the screen body, and the rubber ball is in contact with the wheat seeds blocked in the screen hole through continuous impact on the screen, so that the blockage of the screen hole is reduced.

[0052] The medium-sized seeds move to the tail along the screen body bottom plate 38 and fall to the screen of the fourth layer screen body along the material guide plate 40, the fourth layer screen body 2 is also provided with the impurity material channel 29 and the impeller 30, the wheat seeds move forward along the screen to the discharge port 31 and are discharged out of the machine.

[0053] The third layer screen body and the fourth layer screen body are connected through the four arranged swing arms 3, the swing arms 3 are fixed on the rack through two swing arm shafts, the fourth layer screen body 2 is connected through the driving rod 24 connected with the eccentric shaft sleeve 23 to perform linear reciprocating motion, the fourth layer screen body 2 drives the swing arm to move, and the third layer screen body 4 is driven by the swing arm to perform linear reciprocating motion in the direction opposite to that of the fourth layer screen body.

[0054] The seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding can grade seeds of three levels, i.e., large, medium and small, according to the three-axis size of the wheat seeds, and the seeds of different levels are discharged out of the machine through different material channels, and the wheat seeds after grading can be used in different situations according to the quality of the seeds, for example, high-quality seeds are used for scientific research to cultivate new varieties or are directly sowed, and poor-quality seeds are used for food processing and feed, etc. The device can also remove a small amount of straw and other impurities in the wheat seeds to the greatest extent to reduce the impurity content, and the cleaning device is added to the second layer and the third layer screen body, the screen clogging can be effectively avoided, the mixed seed phenomenon of the wheat varieties can be avoided, and the wheat cleaning efficiency and the qualified rate can be effectively improved. Compared with the traditional manual screen cleaning, the method can effectively improve the work efficiency, reduce the labor input and save the cost.

[0055] In the patent, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to limit parts, and those skilled in the art should know that "first" and "second" are only used for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and the terms have no special meaning.

[0056] The basic principle, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

[0057] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "front", "back", "left", "right", "center", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A seed cleaning and grading apparatus for wheat breeding, characterized by: The utility model provides a kind of material screening device, including main frame and be equipped with on main frame material box, material lifting mechanism, screening mechanism, screen cleaning mechanism, transmission mechanism and fan, material is into material lifting mechanism by the inlet of material box and is delivered to the top of material lifting mechanism by belt drive and falls on receiving device along the material pipeline of being equipped, and fan connected on receiving device removes impurity, and the material after removing impurity is sent to screening mechanism by receiving plate equipped on receiving device; Screening mechanism includes multiple layers of screen body, and multiple layers of screen body are sequentially arranged along the height direction and send the material screened to the next screen body under the guidance of guide plate, and the screened material is discharged through the corresponding output channel respectively; Screen cleaning mechanism is arranged below the screen mesh of screening mechanism and is used for preventing the screen mesh from being blocked.

2. A seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The multiple layers of screen body are provided with four layers, including first layer screen body, second layer screen body, third layer screen body and fourth layer screen body arranged sequentially from top to bottom, The first layer screen body is a screen mesh structure and is obliquely fixed at the end of the receiving plate; The second layer screen body, the third layer screen body and the fourth layer screen body each include a screen mesh, an oscillating arm fixed on the main frame, and a drive device, and an eccentric shaft sleeve is sleeved on the drive device, a drive rod is further fixedly connected to the eccentric shaft sleeve, and the first end of the drive rod is fixedly arranged below the screen plate; the drive device is connected with the motor through belt transmission and drives the screen body to move linearly through the drive rod; The third layer screen body and the fourth layer screen body move in opposite directions.

3. A seed cleaning and grading unit for wheat breeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The screen cleaning mechanism includes spaced baffles, multiple support rods fixed on both sides of the main frame, and elastic balls placed between the baffles, and the elastic balls bounce on the support rods and continuously impact the screen mesh as the screen body vibrates.

4. A seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The screen cleaning mechanism is arranged below the screen mesh of the second layer screen body and the third layer screen body.

5. A seed cleaning and grading device for wheat breeding as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The baffles are provided with 2-5, and 10-20 elastic balls are arranged between each baffle.

6. A seed cleaning and grading unit for wheat breeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The mesh size of the screen mesh decreases sequentially from top to bottom, and the receiving plate of each layer of screen body is arranged in an S shape at the end of the screen mesh.

7. A seed cleaning and grading unit for wheat breeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The multiple layers of screen body also each include an impurity material channel, and the impurity material channel is opposite to the movement direction of the screen mesh.

8. A seed cleaning and grading unit for wheat breeding as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The drive device adopts belt transmission, and includes an impeller pulley connected with the motor through belt transmission, the other end of the impeller pulley is connected with the drive rod pulley of the drive device through belt transmission, and the other end of the impeller pulley is also connected with the fan pulley through belt transmission.

9. A seed cleaning and grading unit for wheat breeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The receiving device is provided with a discharge port and a material flow guide plate arranged at the lower end, and the material flow guide plate has two layers, and the pipeline port of the fan is arranged on the side wall between the two layers of material flow guide plates.

Images