Abrasive belt grinding unit

Abstract

The utility model relates to an abrasive belt grinding unit, and relates to the technical field of railway engineering. The abrasive belt grinding unit comprises a machine frame, a grinding mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a deflection mechanism and a transverse moving mechanism, the grinding mechanism, the lifting mechanism, the deflection mechanism and the transverse moving mechanism are arranged on the machine frame, the machine frame comprises a connecting plate, two vertical supports and two horizontal supports, and the two ends of the connecting plate are connected with the tops of the two vertical supports respectively. One end of the horizontal support is hinged to the bottom of the vertical support through a deflection shaft, the lifting mechanism is connected with the grinding mechanism so that the grinding mechanism can move along the vertical support, the deflection mechanism enables the vertical support to rotate around the deflection shaft, and the transverse moving mechanism comprises a first motor, a first rack and a guide assembly which are arranged on the horizontal support. A first gear engaged with the first rack is arranged at the output end of the first motor, so that the horizontal support can reciprocate along the guide assembly. The thickness change of the abrasive belt is small when the abrasive belt is used for grinding, the grinding height can not be adjusted for a long time after being adjusted at a time during grinding operation, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to railway work technical field, in particular to a sand belt polishing unit. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the growth of high-speed and heavy-load train demand, the load between wheel and rail is increasing, and the probability of rail damage is also gradually increasing. If the rail damage cannot be eliminated in time, it will affect the driving safety, cause property loss and personnel casualties, and it is necessary to regularly maintain the rail. Polishing the rail not only can prevent damage before but also can significantly prolong the service life of the rail, improve the line quality and ensure the driving safety.

[0003] In the traditional welding seam polishing operation, a grinding wheel polisher is usually used for polishing the rail welding seam, for example, the Chinese patent with publication number CN211972940U discloses an electric grinding wheel rail vertical polisher, which polishes the rail by using a grinding wheel. Since the grinding wheel and the rail are in rigid contact, the vibration is large, and the grinding wheel speed cannot be too high, so the grinding wheel polishing efficiency is low, which is difficult to meet the short-time window operation requirement. At the same time, because the contact area between the grinding wheel and the welding seam is small, the grinding wheel wears out quickly, and the grinding wheel height must be adjusted constantly during the polishing process, which is not convenient to use. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model provides a sand belt polishing unit adopts sand belt to polish the rail, which is convenient to use and has high polishing efficiency.

[0005] The utility model provides a sand belt polishing unit, including frame and setting on the polishing mechanism, lifting mechanism, deflection mechanism and transverse moving mechanism of frame, the frame includes connecting plate, two vertical supports and two horizontal supports, both ends of connecting plate are connected with the top of two vertical supports respectively, one end of horizontal support is hinged with the bottom of vertical support through deflection shaft, lifting mechanism is connected with polishing mechanism to make polishing mechanism move along vertical support, deflection mechanism makes vertical support rotate around deflection shaft, transverse moving mechanism includes first motor, first rack and guide assembly set up on horizontal support, the output of first motor is equipped with first gear that engages with first rack, so that horizontal support can reciprocatingly move along guide assembly.

[0006] In one embodiment, the guide assembly includes a first sliding block, a first guide rail, and a fixed plate. The first guide rail and the first rack are both arranged on the fixed plate. The first sliding block is fixed to the bottom of the horizontal support and is in sliding connection with the first guide rail.

[0007] In one embodiment, the lifting mechanism comprises a second motor, a screw rod, a nut, a second sliding block and a second guide rail, the second motor is arranged on the connecting plate, the screw rod is connected with the output end of the second motor, the nut is arranged on the screw rod, the nut and the second sliding block are connected with the polishing mechanism, the second sliding block is slidingly arranged on the second guide rail, and the second guide rail is arranged on the vertical support.

[0008] In one embodiment, the polishing mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a driving wheel, a tensioning wheel, a contact wheel and a sand belt, the two sides of the mounting plate are connected with the second sliding block, the nut is arranged on the surface of the mounting plate, the driving wheel, the tensioning wheel and the contact wheel are arranged on one side of the mounting plate, and the sand belt is arranged on the driving wheel, the tensioning wheel and the contact wheel.

[0009] In one embodiment, the mounting plate is further provided with a third motor, a first driving wheel, a second driving wheel and a belt, the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are arranged on the other side of the mounting plate, the belt is arranged on the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel, the first driving wheel is connected with the output end of the third motor, and the second driving wheel is connected with the driving wheel.

[0010] In one embodiment, the tensioning wheel is provided with an adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting bolt, an adjusting frame, a push plate, a spring and an adjusting rod, the adjusting frame is fixed to the surface of the mounting plate, the adjusting rod is slidingly arranged in the adjusting frame, the adjusting bolt is threadedly connected with the adjusting frame, one end of the adjusting bolt is located in the adjusting frame and abuts against the push plate, and the spring is arranged between the push plate and the adjusting rod.

[0011] In one embodiment, one end of the adjusting rod connected with the spring is provided with a limiting protrusion, and the other end of the adjusting rod is connected with the axle of the tensioning wheel.

[0012] In one embodiment, the deflection mechanism comprises a fourth motor, a second gear and a second rack, the fourth motor is arranged on the vertical support, the second gear is connected with the output end of the fourth motor, the second rack is an arc-shaped rack, the second rack is arranged on the top of a fixing seat, and the bottom of the fixing seat is connected with the horizontal support.

[0013] In one embodiment, the deflection mechanism further comprises a speed reducer, the speed reducer is arranged at the output end of the fourth motor, and the second gear is connected with the output end of the speed reducer.

[0014] In one embodiment, the second rack is arranged on a circumference with the deflection shaft as the center.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the height and polishing angle of polishing mechanism can be adjusted through adjusting lifting mechanism and deflection mechanism, the first gear of first motor in horizontal moving mechanism can be moved along the first rack through the rotation of the first gear, the position of polishing mechanism is adjusted with the help of guiding assembly, makes polishing mechanism and steel rail good contact, guarantees polishing quality. Because the flexible contact of sand belt and steel rail when grinding, sand belt polishing vibration is small, and the contact area is big, and the grinding speed is high, and the thickness change of sand belt is very small when polishing, so after adjusting polishing height once during polishing operation, it can not be adjusted for a long time, and the labor intensity of operator is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In the following, the utility model will be described in more detail based on the embodiments and with reference to the drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 is one of the stereogram of sand belt polishing unit in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is the stereogram of sand belt polishing unit in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 1 rear view;

[0020] Figure 4 is Figure 1 side view;

[0021] Figure 5 is the stereogram of adjusting assembly and tensioning wheel in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 is Figure 5 exploded view.

[0023] Reference signs:

[0024] 1, rack; 11, connecting plate; 12, vertical support; 13, horizontal support; 14, deflection shaft; 2, polishing mechanism; 21, mounting plate; 22, driving wheel; 23, tensioning wheel; 24, contact wheel; 25, abrasive belt; 26, third motor; 271, first driving wheel; 272, second driving wheel; 28, belt; 29, adjusting assembly; 291, adjusting bolt; 292, adjusting frame; 293, push plate; 294, spring; 295, adjusting rod; 296, limiting protrusion; 3, lifting mechanism; 31, second motor; 32, screw rod; 33, nut; 34, second sliding block; 35, second guide rail; 4, deflection mechanism; 41, fourth motor; 42, second gear; 43, second rack; 44, fixed seat; 45, speed reducer; 5, transverse moving mechanism; 51, first motor; 52, first rack; 53, guide assembly; 531, first sliding block; 532, first guide rail; 533, fixed plate; 54, first gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The utility model will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, the abrasive belt polishing unit of the embodiment of the utility model includes a rack 1 and a polishing mechanism 2, a lifting mechanism 3, a deflection mechanism 4 and a transverse moving mechanism 5 arranged on the rack 1, the rack 1 includes a connecting plate 11, two vertical supports 12 and two horizontal supports 13, the two ends of the connecting plate 11 are connected with the top of the two vertical supports 12 respectively, one end of the horizontal support 13 is hinged with the bottom of the vertical support 12 through a deflection shaft 14, the lifting mechanism 3 is connected with the polishing mechanism 2 to make the polishing mechanism 2 move along the vertical support 12, the deflection mechanism 4 makes the vertical support 12 rotate around the deflection shaft 14, the transverse moving mechanism 5 includes a first motor 51, a first rack 52 and a guide assembly 53 arranged on the horizontal support 13, the output end of the first motor 51 is provided with a first gear 54 engaged with the first rack 52, so that the horizontal support 13 can reciprocate along the guide assembly 53.

[0027] By adjusting the lifting mechanism 3 and the deflection mechanism 4, the height and the grinding angle of the grinding mechanism 2 can be adjusted. The first motor 51 in the transverse movement mechanism 5 drives the first gear 54 to rotate, so that the first gear 54 moves along the first rack 52, and the position of the grinding mechanism 2 is adjusted by the guide assembly 53, so that the grinding mechanism 2 is in good contact with the rail, and the grinding quality is ensured. Since the abrasive belt 25 is in flexible contact with the rail during grinding, the abrasive belt 25 has small grinding vibration, large contact area, and high grinding speed, and the thickness of the abrasive belt 25 changes little during grinding, so the grinding height is adjusted once and can be adjusted for a long time, reducing the labor intensity of the operator and improving the work efficiency. Since the abrasive belt 25 has small thickness and long circumference, heat is easily dissipated, and heat concentration effect is not easy to occur. The abrasive belt 25 has a single grinding direction, and the spark ejection direction is fixed, which is convenient for subsequent grinding dust collection.

[0028] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the guide assembly 53 includes a first sliding block 531, a first guide rail 532, and a fixed plate 533. The first guide rail 532 and the first rack 52 are both arranged on the fixed plate 533, and the first sliding block 531 is fixed to the bottom of the horizontal support 13 and is in sliding connection with the first guide rail 532. The abrasive belt grinding unit belongs to a part of the grinding car, and two fixed plates 533 are arranged in the embodiment. The fixed plate 533 is fixed to the frame (not shown in the figure) of the grinding car and cannot move. When the first gear 54 moves along the first rack 52, the two first sliding blocks 531 move along the first guide rail 532, thereby driving the rack 1 to move along the first guide rail 532 as a whole, so that the position of the grinding mechanism 2 is adjusted.

[0029] As shown in Figure 3 , the lifting mechanism 3 includes a second motor 31, a lead screw 32, a nut 33, a second sliding block 34, and a second guide rail 35. The second motor 31 is arranged on the connecting plate 11, the lead screw 32 is connected with the output end of the second motor 31, the nut 33 is arranged on the lead screw 32, the nut 33 and the second sliding block 34 are both connected with the grinding mechanism 2, the second sliding block 34 is arranged in sliding mode on the second guide rail 35, and the second guide rail 35 is arranged on the vertical support 12. When the second motor 31 drives the lead screw 32 to rotate, the nut 33 can move along the lead screw 32, thereby driving the grinding mechanism 2 to move up and down along the second guide rail 35 as a whole, so that the height of the grinding mechanism 2 is adjusted.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1 to 3As shown, the grinding mechanism 2 includes a mounting plate 21, a drive wheel 22, a tension wheel 23, a contact wheel 24, and a sanding belt 25. Both sides of the mounting plate 21 are connected to the second slider 34. A nut 33 is disposed on the surface of the mounting plate 21. The drive wheel 22, tension wheel 23, and contact wheel 24 are all disposed on one side of the mounting plate 21. The sanding belt 25 is disposed on the drive wheel 22, tension wheel 23, and contact wheel 24. The contact wheel 24 presses the sanding belt 25 against the surface of the rail to grind the rail. In this embodiment, the contact wheel 24 is an aluminum alloy hub covered with rubber. During grinding, since both the sanding belt 25 and the contact wheel 24 are elastic and variable bodies, they can achieve closer contact with the rail, resulting in a more detailed profile envelope. All other components of the grinding mechanism 2 are disposed on the mounting plate 21, so only the mounting plate 21 needs to be moved to adjust the entire grinding mechanism 2. A second slider 34 and a second guide rail 35 are provided on both sides of the mounting plate 21, so that the friction force when the grinding mechanism 2 moves is small and the load on the second motor 31 is small.

[0031] Furthermore, the mounting plate 21 is also equipped with a third motor 26, a first drive wheel 271, a second drive wheel 272, and a belt 28. The first drive wheel 271 and the second drive wheel 272 are located on the other side of the mounting plate 21, and the belt 28 is mounted on the first drive wheel 271 and the second drive wheel 272. The first drive wheel 271 is connected to the output end of the third motor 26, and the second drive wheel 272 is connected to the drive wheel 22. Positioning the first drive wheel 271 and the second drive wheel 272 on the other side of the mounting plate 21 makes full use of the space on the mounting plate 21, avoiding insufficient space caused by placing them on the same side. It also makes the weight distribution on both sides of the mounting plate 21 more balanced, resulting in better structural stability.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the tensioning wheel 23 is equipped with an adjustment assembly 29, which includes an adjustment bolt 291, an adjustment frame 292, a push plate 293, a spring 294, and an adjustment rod 295. The adjustment frame 292 is fixed to the surface of the mounting plate 21, and the adjustment rod 295 is slidably disposed inside the adjustment frame 292. The adjustment bolt 291 is threadedly connected to the adjustment frame 292, with one end of the adjustment bolt 291 located inside the adjustment frame 292 and abutting against the push plate 293. The spring 294 is disposed between the push plate 293 and the adjustment rod 295. When the adjustment bolt 291 is turned, it compresses or releases the spring 294, causing the push plate 293 to shift. The push plate 293 then drives the adjustment rod 295 to extend out of or retract from the adjustment frame 292, thereby changing the position of the tensioning wheel 23 and adjusting the tension of the sanding belt 25. The operation is very simple.

[0033] Further, the adjusting rod 295 is provided with a limiting protrusion 296 at one end connected with the spring 294, and the other end of the adjusting rod 295 is connected with the wheel shaft of the tensioning wheel 23. By arranging the limiting protrusion 296, the situation that the adjusting rod 295 is separated from the adjusting frame 292 can be avoided, and the reliability of the adjusting assembly 29 is improved.

[0034] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The deflection mechanism 4 comprises a fourth motor 41, a second gear 42, a second rack 43 and a fixed seat 44. The fourth motor 41 is arranged on the vertical support 12. The second gear 42 is connected with the output end of the fourth motor 41. The second rack 43 is an arc-shaped rack. The second rack 43 is arranged on the top of the fixed seat 44. The bottom of the fixed seat 44 is connected with the horizontal support 13. When the fourth motor 41 drives the second gear 42 to rotate, the second gear 42 will move along the arc-shaped second rack 43, and drive the vertical support 12 and the polishing mechanism 2 to rotate around the deflection shaft 14, so as to realize the adjustment of the polishing angle.

[0035] Further, the deflection mechanism 4 further comprises a speed reducer 45. The speed reducer 45 is arranged at the output end of the fourth motor 41. The second gear 42 is connected with the output end of the speed reducer 45. By arranging the speed reducer 45, the torque can be increased while the deflection speed is reduced, so as to reduce the requirement of the torque of the fourth motor 41, and realize more fine adjustment of the polishing angle. The speed reducer 45 in the embodiment adopts a worm and gear structure, which has a self-locking function. On the one hand, it can ensure that there is no vibration in the deflection direction during the polishing process. On the other hand, even if the fourth motor 41 loses power, the stability of the polishing mechanism 2 is ensured, and the safety is improved.

[0036] In the embodiment, the second rack 43 is arranged on the circumference with the deflection shaft 14 as the center, so that the polishing mechanism 2 can stably deflect around the deflection shaft 14.

[0037] Although the utility model has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, various improvements can be made and equivalent parts can be replaced without departing from the scope of the utility model. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the text, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A sanding unit, characterized in that, The polishing mechanism comprises a rack and a polishing mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a deflection mechanism and a horizontal moving mechanism arranged on the rack, the rack comprises a connecting plate, two vertical supports and two horizontal supports, two ends of the connecting plate are connected with the top of the two vertical supports respectively, one end of the horizontal support is hinged with the bottom of the vertical support through a deflection shaft, the lifting mechanism is connected with the polishing mechanism to move the polishing mechanism along the vertical support, the deflection mechanism rotates the vertical support around the deflection shaft, and the horizontal moving mechanism comprises a first motor, a first rack and a guide assembly arranged on the horizontal support, the output end of the first motor is provided with a first gear engaged with the first rack, so that the horizontal support can reciprocate along the guide assembly.

2. The abrasive belt sanding unit of claim 1, wherein, The guide assembly comprises a first sliding block, a first guide rail and a fixed plate, the first guide rail and the first rack are arranged on the fixed plate, and the first sliding block is fixed to the bottom of the horizontal support and is in sliding connection with the first guide rail.

3. The abrasive belt sanding unit of claim 1, wherein, The lifting mechanism comprises a second motor, a lead screw, a nut, a second sliding block and a second guide rail, the second motor is arranged on the connecting plate, the lead screw is connected with the output end of the second motor, the nut is arranged on the lead screw, the nut and the second sliding block are connected with the polishing mechanism, the second sliding block is slidingly arranged on the second guide rail, and the second guide rail is arranged on the vertical support.

4. The abrasive belt sanding unit of claim 3, wherein, The polishing mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a driving wheel, a tensioning wheel, a contact wheel and a sand belt, two sides of the mounting plate are connected with the second sliding block, the nut is arranged on the surface of the mounting plate, the driving wheel, the tensioning wheel and the contact wheel are arranged on one side of the mounting plate, and the sand belt is arranged on the driving wheel, the tensioning wheel and the contact wheel.

5. The abrasive belt sanding unit of claim 4, wherein, A third motor, a first driving wheel, a second driving wheel and a belt are further arranged on the mounting plate, the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are arranged on the other side of the mounting plate, the belt is arranged on the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel, the first driving wheel is connected with the output end of the third motor, and the second driving wheel is connected with the driving wheel.

6. The abrasive belt sanding unit of claim 5, wherein, An adjusting assembly is arranged on the tensioning wheel, the adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting bolt, an adjusting frame, a push plate, a spring and an adjusting rod, the adjusting frame is fixed to the surface of the mounting plate, the adjusting rod is slidingly arranged in the adjusting frame, the adjusting bolt is in threaded connection with the adjusting frame, one end of the adjusting bolt is located in the adjusting frame and abuts against the push plate, and the spring is arranged between the push plate and the adjusting rod.

7. The abrasive belt sanding unit of claim 6, wherein, One end of the adjusting rod connected with the spring is provided with a limiting protrusion, and the other end of the adjusting rod is connected with the axle of the tensioning wheel.

8. The abrasive belt sanding unit of claim 4, wherein, The deflection mechanism comprises a fourth motor, a second gear, a second rack and a fixed seat, the fourth motor is arranged on the vertical support, the second gear is connected with the output end of the fourth motor, the second rack is an arc-shaped rack, the second rack is arranged on the top of the fixed seat, and the bottom of the fixed seat is connected with the horizontal support.

9. The abrasive belt sanding unit of claim 8, wherein, The deflection mechanism further comprises a speed reducer, which is arranged at an output end of the fourth motor, and the second gear is connected with an output end of the speed reducer.

10. The abrasive belt sanding unit of claim 8, wherein, The second rack is arranged on a circumference with the deflection shaft as a center.

Images