Learning tool for demonstrating grain processing by utilizing hydraulic and lever principles

Abstract

The utility model discloses a learning tool for demonstrating grain processing by using the principle of hydraulic power and lever, which relates to the technical field of teaching learning tools and comprises a base. The water retaining ring is arranged on the base, the water pounding mechanism is arranged in the water retaining ring and used for processing grains, the water storage tank is arranged at the output end of the lifting mechanism, a water storage cavity is formed in the base, and a water leakage groove communicated with the interior of the water retaining ring is formed in the inner top surface of the water storage cavity; a water outlet communicated with the water storage cavity is formed in the bottom of the base, and a first valve is arranged in the water outlet. According to the learning tool for demonstrating grain processing based on the hydraulic and lever principle, through cooperative arrangement of a U-shaped rod, a piston in a sealing tank, a one-way liquid inlet valve in a water inlet pipe and a one-way liquid drainage valve in a backflow pipe, water backflow is achieved, the rotation time of a waterwheel is prolonged, and the water adding frequency is reduced; and the practicability and the observation time of the learning tool are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to teaching aid technical field, concretely is a kind of teaching aid for demonstrating the principle of processing grain using water power, lever. BACKGROUND

[0002] Demonstration aid plays a vital role in teaching, they not only help students to deepen the understanding of knowledge through hands-on operation, but also can stimulate students' interest in learning, improve the interactivity and practicality of teaching, through the use of teaching aid, students can directly observe and experience the specific application of abstract concept, to promote the cultivation of innovative consciousness and practical ability.

[0003] In Chinese utility model patent application No. CN201721701791.6, a historical teaching is disclosed. The structure includes a model base, a bolt and a tension spring, the model base is provided with a protective cover shaft in the middle of both ends of the side surface, and the two protective cover shafts are rotatably connected to the two ends of the twelve groups of semicircular protective covers, and the protective cover shafts are screwed with protective cover adjusting knobs to make the protective cover between the protective cover adjusting knobs and the model base. The historical teaching of the continuous strike water mill model provides stronger rotating force for the water wheel as the continuous strike shaft through the setting of inertia acceleration channel and lead column, but the model can only simply show the structure and working principle of water mill, cannot truly show its working process, lacks interactivity, cannot effectively attract students' attention, and cannot let students participate in the teaching process.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a teaching aid for demonstrating the principle of processing grain using water power, lever to solve the above problems. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a teaching aid for demonstrating the principle of processing grain using water power, lever to solve the problem that the existing historical teaching of the continuous strike water mill model can only simply show the structure and working principle of water mill, cannot truly show its working process, lacks interactivity, cannot effectively attract students' attention, and cannot let students participate in the teaching process.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above object, the utility model discloses a kind of learning aids for demonstrating processing grain using the principle of water power, lever, including base, further including setting up water baffle ring on base, setting up water mill mechanism for processing grain in water baffle ring, lifting mechanism, backflow component and setting up water storage tank on the output end of lifting mechanism, the inside of base is provided with water storage cavity, water storage cavity is provided with water leakage groove with the inside top surface on water baffle ring intercommunication, the bottom of base is provided with drainage outlet with water storage cavity intercommunication, first valve is equipped in drainage outlet;The bottom of water storage tank is equipped with drain pipe, second valve is equipped on drain pipe, the water outlet of drain pipe is vertically downward and located above water wheel of water mill mechanism;The backflow component includes U-shaped rod and sealing tank fixedly installed in water storage cavity, the upper end of U-shaped rod is drivingly connected with the axle of water wheel, the bottom horizontal shaft of U-shaped rod is rotatably sleeved with collar;Piston is slidably sleeved in sealing tank along vertical direction, the top of piston is fixedly installed with slide rod, the upper end of slide rod penetrates sealing tank and is hingedly connected with pull rod, the upper end of pull rod is fixedly connected with collar;The bottom of sealing tank is fixedly installed with water inlet pipe, and one side of lower part is fixedly installed with backflow pipe, the other end of backflow pipe is communicated with the upper portion of water storage tank, and one-way liquid inlet valve is equipped in water inlet pipe, and one-way liquid outlet valve is equipped in backflow pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the water mill mechanism includes a water wheel, a rotating shaft fixedly connected with the axle of the water wheel, at least one transmission assembly, and a processing assembly corresponding to each transmission assembly, and the upper end of the U-shaped rod is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a first worm fixedly installed concentrically on the rotating shaft, a transmission shaft rotatably installed below the first worm, a first worm wheel fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, the first worm and the first worm wheel are in meshing transmission, one end of the transmission shaft extends out of the water baffle ring, and a plurality of push rods are fixedly installed on the transmission shaft outside the water baffle ring in an axial direction.

[0009] Preferably, the processing assembly includes a support rod fixedly installed on the base and corresponding to each push rod, a mill rod rotatably installed on the support rod, a mill head fixedly installed on the end of the mill rod away from the transmission shaft, a mill anvil below the mill head, a bearing seat rotatably sleeved on both ends of the transmission shaft, and both bearing seats are fixedly connected with the base.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a fixed seat fixedly installed on the base, a sleeve fixedly installed on the top of the fixed seat, a driving box fixedly installed on the top of the sleeve, a second worm and a screw cylinder rotatably installed in the driving box, one end of the second worm extending out of the driving box and being fixedly installed with a crank handle, the screw cylinder being concentrically arranged with the sleeve, and a second worm wheel fixedly sleeved on the outside of the screw cylinder, the second worm wheel being in meshing transmission with the second worm, a screw rod being threadedly sleeved in the screw cylinder, the upper end of the screw rod extending out of the driving box and being fixedly connected with the water storage tank, a limiting slot being axially formed in the inside of the screw rod, and a limiting rod being slidably installed in the limiting slot in the axial direction, the lower end of the limiting rod extending out of the limiting slot and being fixedly connected with the fixed seat.

[0011] Preferably, the dust cover matched with the base is further included.

[0012] Advantages: Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a learning tool for demonstrating the principle of processing grain by using water force and lever, the learning tool has a unique structure and is convenient to use, the rotation of the waterwheel drives the transmission assembly on the rotating shaft, and then drives the pestle and pestle head in the processing assembly to process grain, the mechanism simulates the working principle of ancient water power machinery, so that students can directly observe how water flow energy is converted into mechanical energy, the meshing transmission of the second worm and the second worm wheel is driven by the crank handle, the height of the water storage tank is adjusted, the design allows to adjust the falling height of water flow, so as to affect the rotation speed of the waterwheel, and students can observe the influence of water flow at different heights on the conversion of mechanical energy, in addition, the cooperation of the U-shaped rod, the piston in the sealing tank, the one-way liquid inlet valve in the water inlet pipe and the one-way liquid outlet valve in the backflow pipe realizes the backflow of water, prolongs the rotation time of the waterwheel and reduces the water adding frequency, the mechanism not only simulates water circulation, but also improves the practicability and observation time of the learning tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the structure of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic view of the structure of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic view of the structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a sectional view schematic view of the structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a sectional view schematic view of the driving box structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a sectional view schematic view of the sealing tank structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 7 For the utility model Figure 1 The enlarged schematic view of the structure in the A area;

[0020] Figure 8 For the utility model Figure 1 The enlarged schematic view of the structure in the B area;

[0021] Figure 9 For the utility model the main view schematic diagram of dust cover structure.

[0022] In the drawing: 1, base; 2, dust cover; 3, waterwheel; 4, water storage tank; 5, drain pipe; 6, rotating shaft; 7, U-shaped rod; 8, collar; 9, pull rod; 10, sliding rod; 11, sealing tank; 12, piston; 13, water inlet pipe; 14, backflow pipe; 15, first worm; 16, first worm wheel; 17, transmission shaft; 18, bearing seat; 19, lever; 20, support rod; 21, mill rod; 22, mill head; 23, millstone; 24, fixed seat; 25, sleeve; 26, drive box; 27, second worm; 28, screw cylinder; 29, screw rod; 30, limiting rod; 31, second worm wheel; 32, handle; 33, water leakage groove; 34, water retaining ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The utility model is further described below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0024] Example 1: the example 1 provides a kind of teaching aid for demonstrating processing grain using the principle of water power, lever, directly improve on existing historical teaching use's hit water mill model, unique structure, please refer to Figures 1-8 As shown in the drawing, including base 1, still include the water retaining ring 34 for setting on base 1, the water mill mechanism for processing grain for setting in water retaining ring 34, lifting mechanism, backflow component and the water storage tank 4 for setting on the output end of lifting mechanism;Water mill mechanism includes waterwheel 3, rotating shaft 6 fixedly connected with the wheel shaft concentricity of waterwheel 3, at least one transmission assembly and the processing assembly corresponding to transmission assembly, the installation mode of rotating shaft 6 has multiple, for example: one end of rotating shaft 6 is fixedly connected with the wheel shaft of waterwheel 3 through coupling, and the other end is rotatably installed on water retaining ring 34 through bearing.

[0025] The transmission assembly comprises a first worm 15 concentrically and fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 6. The first worm 15 can be installed in various modes, for example, one end of the first worm 15 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 6, the other end is rotatably installed on the water retaining ring 34 through a bearing, a transmission shaft 17 is rotatably installed below the first worm 15, the first worm 15 is rotatably installed on the transmission shaft 17, the first worm 15 is in meshing transmission with the first worm 16, one end of the transmission shaft 17 extends out of the water retaining ring 34, and a plurality of push rods 19 are fixedly installed on the transmission shaft 17 outside the water retaining ring 34 and spaced apart along the axial direction.

[0026] The lifting mechanism comprises a fixed seat 24 fixedly installed on the base 1, a sleeve 25 fixedly installed on the top of the fixed seat 24, a drive box 26 fixedly installed on the top of the sleeve 25, a second worm 27 and a screw cylinder 28 rotatably installed in the drive box 26, and the second worm 27 and the screw cylinder 28 can be installed in various modes, for example, bearings are sleeved on the two ends of the second worm 27 and the screw cylinder 28, the second worm 27 and the screw cylinder 28 are rotatably installed in the drive box 26 through the bearings, one end of the second worm 27 extends out of the drive box 26 and is fixedly installed with a crank 32, the screw cylinder 28 is concentrically arranged with the sleeve 25, a second worm wheel 31 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the screw cylinder 28, the second worm wheel 31 is in meshing transmission with the second worm 27, a screw rod 29 is threadedly sleeved in the screw cylinder 28, the upper end of the screw rod 29 extends out of the drive box 26 and is fixedly connected with the water storage tank 4, a limiting groove is axially formed in the inside of the screw rod 29, a limiting rod 30 is axially and slidably installed in the limiting groove, and the limiting rod 30 can be selected in various modes, for example, the limiting rod 30 is a hexagonal prism, so that the screw rod 29 can only slide vertically up and down.

[0027] The inside of the base 1 is provided with a water storage cavity, a water leakage groove 33 is formed in the inner top surface of the water storage cavity and communicates with the inside of the water retaining ring 34, a drain port is formed in the bottom of the base 1 and communicates with the water storage cavity, and a first valve is arranged in the drain port; the bottom of the water storage tank 4 is provided with a drain pipe 5, a second valve is arranged on the drain pipe 5, and the water outlet of the drain pipe 5 is vertically downward and located above the waterwheel 3 of the water mill mechanism. Specifically, the water outlet of the drain pipe 5 is located between the center of the waterwheel 3 and the front end of the waterwheel 3 and close to the front end of the waterwheel 3, so that the impact force of falling water can be better utilized to drive the waterwheel 3 to rotate. The second valve can be used to adjust the water discharge amount of the drain pipe 5, so as to facilitate students to observe the influence of different water amounts on the rotation speed of the waterwheel 3.

[0028] The backflow assembly comprises a U-shaped rod 7 and a sealing tank 11 fixedly installed in the water storage cavity. The sealing tank 11 can be installed in various ways, for example, the top end of the sealing tank 11 is fixedly connected with the inner top surface of the water storage cavity, the upper end of the U-shaped rod 7 is drivingly connected with the wheel shaft of the waterwheel 3, and the driving mode can be various, for example, the upper end of the U-shaped rod 7 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 6, and a sleeve ring 8 is rotatably sleeved on the bottom horizontal shaft of the U-shaped rod 7; a piston 12 is vertically slidably sleeved in the sealing tank 11, a sliding rod 10 is fixedly installed on the top of the piston 12, the upper end of the sliding rod 10 penetrates the sealing tank 11 and is hingedly connected with a pull rod 9, the upper end of the pull rod 9 is fixedly connected with the sleeve ring 8, and the sliding rod 10 can be installed in various ways, for example, a penetrating hole is formed in the top of the sealing tank 11 and communicates the water retaining ring 34 with the water storage cavity, the sliding rod 10 is vertically slidably sleeved in the penetrating hole, and a sealing ring is arranged in the gap between the sliding rod 10 and the penetrating hole to increase the sealing property of the sealing tank 11 and prevent water from flowing out of the gap.

[0029] A water inlet pipe 13 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the sealing tank 11, a backflow pipe 14 is fixedly installed on one side of the lower part of the sealing tank 11, the other end of the backflow pipe 14 communicates with the upper part of the water storage tank 4, a one-way liquid inlet valve is arranged in the water inlet pipe 13, and a one-way liquid outlet valve is arranged in the backflow pipe 14. When the waterwheel 3 drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, the U-shaped rod 7 revolves along the axis of the rotating shaft 6, thereby driving the piston 12 to reciprocate up and down in the sealing tank 11. When the piston 12 moves upward, the water in the water storage cavity can be sucked into the sealing tank 11. When the piston 12 moves downward, the water in the sealing tank 11 is pressed into the water storage tank 4 due to the one-way liquid inlet valve arranged in the water inlet pipe 13 and the one-way liquid outlet valve arranged in the backflow pipe 14, thereby realizing the backflow of water and prolonging the rotation time of the waterwheel 3. The water discharge amount of the drain pipe 5 can be adjusted through the second valve, so as to facilitate students to observe the influence of different water amounts on the rotation speed of the waterwheel 3.

[0030] Working principle: when we use the tool to demonstrate to students, first fill the water tank 4 with clean water, and then rotate the handle 32, the handle 32 drives the second worm 27 to rotate and then drives the second worm wheel 31 to rotate through meshing transmission, the second worm wheel 31 rotates and synchronously drives the screw cylinder 28 to rotate, because the screw cylinder 28 is screwed with the screw rod 29, and the screw rod 29 is provided with a limiting rod 30, so when the screw cylinder 28 rotates, it can drive the screw rod 29 to move upward through the screw connection, and then drive the water tank 4 to move upward, when the water tank 4 rises to a certain distance, open the second valve on the drain pipe 5, adjust the water flow of the drain pipe 5, the clean water in the water tank 4 is discharged from the drain pipe 5 and continuously impacts the water cart 3, so that the water cart 3 rotates, the water cart 3 rotates synchronously and drives the rotating shaft 6 and the first worm 15 on it to rotate, the first worm 15 rotates and drives the first worm wheel 16 and the transmission shaft 17 connected with it to rotate through meshing transmission, and then drives the corresponding pestle 21 to move, so that the pestle head 22 is lifted up, when the pestle 21 is separated from the pestle 21, the pestle head 22 falls down and processes the grain in the pestle 23.

[0031] At the same time, when the rotating shaft 6 rotates, it can also drive the U-shaped rod 7 to revolve along the axis of the rotating shaft 6, so as to drive the piston 12 to move up and down in the sealed tank 11, and when the piston 12 moves upward, the water in the water storage cavity can be sucked into the sealed tank 11, and when the piston 12 moves downward, because the inlet pipe 13 is provided with a one-way inlet valve and the return pipe 14 is provided with a one-way outlet valve, the water in the sealed tank 11 is pressed into the water tank 4, realizing the return of water, so as to prolong the rotation time of the water cart 3, and the students can have more time to observe the working principle of the tool, when the water in the water tank 4 completely flows into the water storage cavity, the first valve in the drain port can be opened to discharge the water in the water storage cavity.

[0032] Example 2: the difference between example 2 and example 1 is as shown in Figure 9 When the tool is idle, the dust cover 2 can be used to cover the tool, so as to prevent dust from accumulating on the tool.

[0033] Example 3: the difference between example 3 and example 1 is that the rotating shaft 6 is assembled by a plurality of rotating shafts through a shaft coupling, when a plurality of transmission assemblies are needed to be set, a plurality of first worms 15 can be fixed on the rotating shaft 6 through a shaft coupling, not only the number of transmission assemblies and processing assemblies can be adjusted flexibly, but also the distance between adjacent transmission assemblies can be adjusted flexibly.

[0034] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A teaching aid for demonstrating the processing of grains using the principles of hydraulics and levers, comprising a base (1), characterised in that: The water blocking ring (34) is arranged on the base (1), the water mill mechanism for processing grains is arranged in the water blocking ring (34), the lifting mechanism, the backflow assembly and the water storage tank (4) arranged on the output end of the lifting mechanism are arranged on the base (1), the inside of the base (1) is provided with a water storage cavity, the inner top surface of the water storage cavity is provided with a water leakage groove (33) in communication with the inside of the water blocking ring (34), the bottom of the base (1) is provided with a water outlet in communication with the water storage cavity, and the water outlet is provided with a first valve.

2. A teaching aid for demonstrating the processing of grains using the principles of hydraulics and levers as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The water mill mechanism comprises the water wheel (3), the rotating shaft (6) fixedly connected with the wheel shaft of the water wheel (3), at least one transmission assembly and a processing assembly corresponding to the transmission assembly, and the upper end of the U-shaped rod (7) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (6).

3. A teaching aid for demonstrating the processing of grains using the principles of hydraulics and levers as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The transmission assembly comprises the first worm (15) fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (6), the transmission shaft (17) rotatably arranged below the first worm (15), the first worm wheel (16) fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft (17), the meshing transmission between the first worm (15) and the first worm wheel (16), and the multiple lever rods (19) fixedly arranged on the transmission shaft (17) outside the water blocking ring (34) in the axial direction.

4. A teaching aid for demonstrating the processing of grains using the principles of hydraulics and levers as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The processing assembly comprises the support rod (20) fixedly arranged on the base (1) and corresponding to the lever rod (19), the mill rod (21) rotatably arranged on the support rod (20), the mill head (22) fixedly arranged at the end, away from the transmission shaft (17), of the mill rod (21), the mill anvil (23) arranged below the mill head (22), the bearing seat (18) rotatably sleeved on both ends of the transmission shaft (17), and the two bearing seats (18) fixedly connected with the base (1).

5. A teaching aid for demonstrating the processing of grains using the principles of hydraulics and levers as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The lifting mechanism comprises a fixing seat (24) fixedly installed on the base (1), a sleeve (25) fixedly installed on the top of the fixing seat (24), a driving box (26) fixedly installed on the top of the sleeve (25), a second worm (27) and a screw cylinder (28) rotatably installed in the driving box (26), one end of the second worm (27) extending out of the driving box (26) and being fixedly installed with a crank (32), the screw cylinder (28) being concentrically arranged with the sleeve (25), and the outside of the screw cylinder (28) being fixedly sleeved with a second worm wheel (31), the second worm wheel (31) being in mesh transmission with the second worm (27), the screw cylinder (28) being internally threadedly sleeved with a screw rod (29), the upper end of the screw rod (29) extending out of the driving box (26) and being fixedly connected with the water storage tank (4), and the inside of the screw rod (29) being axially provided with a limiting groove, the limiting groove being axially slidably installed with a limiting rod (30), and the lower end of the limiting rod (30) extending out of the limiting groove and being fixedly connected with the fixing seat (24).

6. A teaching aid for demonstrating the processing of grains using the principles of hydraulics and levers as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The dust cover (2) matched with the base (1) is further included.

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