Power supply circuit, power supply chip, circuit board, electronic equipment and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power supply circuit, a power supply chip, a circuit board, electronic equipment and a vehicle, relates to the technical field of automobiles, and aims to ensure stable work of the power supply circuit. The power supply circuit comprises a switching circuit and a protection circuit connected to the switching circuit. And the protection circuit is used for keeping the switching circuit to work normally under the condition that the switching circuit is abnormal.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile, especially to a power supply circuit, power supply chip, circuit board, electronic equipment and vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing importance of environmental protection and low carbon, the development pace of new energy vehicles has also accelerated significantly. The relevant technologies in the fields of automobiles, energy, transportation, information communication, etc. are accelerating integration, and electrification, networking and intelligentization have become the trend of the automobile industry. New energy vehicle technologies are emerging like mushrooms after rain, such as:

[0003] Application No. CN202410658157.7, Publication No. CN118238797B, Invention Name: New Energy Vehicle Energy Intelligent Management System, Control Method and Related Equipment;

[0004] Application No. CN202410672579.X, Publication No. CN118597091A, Invention Name: New Energy Vehicle Energy Intelligent Management Method, System and Related Equipment;

[0005] Application No. CN202010470247.5, Publication No. CN113734146B, Invention Name: Vehicle Driving Mode Selection Method, Device, Equipment and Medium;

[0006] All describe hybrid technology dominated by electricity, with multiple advantages such as speed, economy, quietness, smoothness, and greenness.

[0007] Application No. CN202211678720.4, Publication No. CN117382629B, Invention Name: Vehicle Power Control Method, Device, Medium, Vehicle Controller and Vehicle;

[0008] Application No. CN202311164098.X, Publication No. CN116890770B, Invention Name: Vehicle Control System, Method and Vehicle;

[0009] Application No. CN202311170393.6, Publication No. CN117533292B, Invention Name: Vehicle Control System, Control Method, Controller and Vehicle;

[0010] All describe a new energy power system with four wheel edge motors independently driven as the core, which greatly improves the safety and power of new energy vehicles.

[0011] When the power supply delivers electric energy to the load through the power supply circuit, how to ensure the stability of the power supply circuit becomes a technical problem to be solved. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0012] The utility model discloses a power supply circuit, power chip, circuit board, electronic equipment and vehicle, aim at guaranteeing power supply circuit stable work.

[0013] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0014] The utility model provides a power supply circuit, including switching circuit and the protection circuit of connection in switching circuit. Protection circuit is used to keep switching circuit normal work under the condition that the abnormal situation of power supply circuit occurs.

[0015] The power supply circuit provided by the embodiment of the application realizes instant response and effective protection of the abnormal condition of the switching circuit by combining the protection circuit with the switching circuit. When the switching circuit is abnormal, the protection circuit can intervene quickly to ensure that the switching circuit is not damaged, thereby maintaining the normal operation of the power supply circuit. Not only the stability and reliability of the circuit are enhanced, but also the service life of the switching circuit and the overall power supply circuit is effectively prolonged, and the safety risk caused by circuit failure is greatly reduced.

[0016] In some embodiments, the switching circuit is configured to be connected between a power source and a load.

[0017] In some embodiments, the switching circuit includes: a first switching element, a first end of the first switching element is configured to be connected to the power source, and a second end of the first switching element is configured to be connected to the load. A second switching element, a first end of the second switching element is connected to the second end of the first switching element, and a second end of the second switching element is connected to a reference ground.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first switching element and the second switching element are metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors.

[0019] In some embodiments, the protection circuit includes a current protection circuit. A first end of the current protection circuit is configured to be connected to the power source, a second end of the current protection circuit is connected to the first end of the first switching element, and a third end of the current protection circuit is connected to the reference ground. The current protection circuit is configured to discharge current from the third end of the current protection circuit to the reference ground when a current at the first end of the first switching element is greater than a preset current threshold.

[0020] In some embodiments, the current protection circuit includes: a first resistor, a first end of the first resistor is configured to be connected to the power source, and a second end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the first switching element. A third switching element, a first end of the third switching element is connected to the second end of the first resistor. A second resistor, a first end of the second resistor is connected to a second end of the third switching element, and a second end of the second resistor is connected to the reference ground.

[0021] In some embodiments, the third switch element is turned on to discharge current to the reference ground through the second resistor when the current at the first end of the first switch element is greater than a preset current threshold.

[0022] In some embodiments, the current protection circuit further comprises: a fourth switch element, a first end of the fourth switch element is connected to the first end of the first resistor, and a second end of the fourth switch element is connected to the second end of the first resistor; a third resistor, a first end of the third resistor is connected to a third end of the fourth switch element, and a second end of the third resistor is connected to a third end of the third switch element; and a fourth resistor, a first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second end of the third resistor, and a second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the reference ground.

[0023] In some embodiments, the protection circuit comprises a voltage protection circuit. A first end of the voltage protection circuit is connected to the second end of the first switch element, and a second end of the voltage protection circuit is connected to the reference ground. The voltage protection circuit is configured to discharge voltage to the reference ground through the second end of the voltage protection circuit when a voltage value between the first end of the voltage protection circuit and the second end of the voltage protection circuit meets a preset condition.

[0024] In some embodiments, the voltage protection circuit comprises a first protection circuit. A first end of the first protection circuit is connected to the second end of the first switch element, and a second end of the first protection circuit is connected to the reference ground. The first protection circuit is configured to discharge voltage to the reference ground through the second end of the first protection circuit when a voltage value between the first end of the first protection circuit and the second end of the first protection circuit is greater than a first preset voltage threshold.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first protection circuit comprises a first diode, an anode of the first diode is connected to the second end of the first switch element, and a cathode of the first diode is connected to the reference ground.

[0026] In some embodiments, the number of the first diodes is multiple, and an anode formed by the multiple first diodes connected in series is connected to the second end of the first switch element, and a cathode formed by the multiple first diodes connected in series is connected to the reference ground.

[0027] In some embodiments, the voltage protection circuit comprises a second protection circuit. A first end of the second protection circuit is connected to the second end of the first switch element, and a second end of the second protection circuit is connected to the reference ground. The second protection circuit is configured to discharge voltage to the reference ground through the second end of the second protection circuit when a voltage value between the first end of the second protection circuit and the second end of the second protection circuit is less than a second preset voltage threshold.

[0028] In some embodiments, the second protection circuit comprises a second diode, a cathode of the second diode is connected to the second end of the first switch element, and an anode of the second diode is connected to the reference ground.

[0029] In some embodiments, the number of the second diodes is multiple, the cathode of the multiple second diodes connected in series is connected to the second end of the first switch element, and the anode of the multiple second diodes connected in series is connected to the reference ground.

[0030] In some embodiments, the voltage protection circuit further comprises a switching circuit, and the voltage protection circuit is connected to the first end of the first switch element and the load through the switching circuit.

[0031] In some embodiments, the voltage protection circuit further comprises an energy storage circuit, and a first end of the energy storage circuit is connected to the switching circuit.

[0032] In some embodiments, a second end of the energy storage circuit is connected to at least one filter element.

[0033] In some embodiments, the voltage protection circuit further comprises a control circuit, a first output end of the control circuit is connected to the third end of the first switch element, and a second output end of the control circuit is connected to the third end of the second switch element.

[0034] In some embodiments, the control circuit comprises a voltage conversion circuit, a first output end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the third end of the first switch element, and a second output end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the third end of the second switch element.

[0035] In some embodiments, the control circuit comprises a device controller connected to a first input end of the voltage conversion circuit, and an enable circuit connected to a second input end of the voltage conversion circuit.

[0036] The utility model also provides a power supply chip, including any preceding embodiment provides power supply circuit.

[0037] The utility model also provides a circuit board, comprising: a substrate and a power supply circuit provided on the substrate or a power supply chip provided on the substrate.

[0038] The utility model also provides an electronic device, a power supply circuit, a power supply chip or a circuit board.

[0039] In some embodiments, the power supply is connected to one end of the power supply circuit, and the load is connected to the other end of the power supply circuit.

[0040] In some embodiments, the power supply is connected to at least one filter element.

[0041] The utility model also provides a vehicle, include: as any preceding embodiment provides power supply circuit. Or as any preceding embodiment provides power chip. Or as any preceding embodiment provides circuit board. Or as any preceding embodiment provides electronic equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced below, obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0043] Figure 1 Structure diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 2 Structure diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 3 Structure diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments Figure 3 ;

[0046] Figure 4 Structure diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments Figure 4 ;

[0047] Figure 5 Structure diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments Figure 5 ;

[0048] Figure 6 Structure diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments Figure 6 ;

[0049] Figure 7 Structure diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments Figure 7 ;

[0050] Figure 8 Structure diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments Figure 8 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of the present application.

[0052] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or relative position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. Unless otherwise specified, the above directional description can be flexibly arranged in the actual application process under the condition of meeting the relative position relationship shown in the drawings.

[0053] The terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0054] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "communicating" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected. It can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It can be the communication between the two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0055] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, article or device. Without more limitation, the element defined by the sentence "including a" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in the process, article or device including the element.

[0056] In the embodiments of the present application, the words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration, in no way degrading the embodiments or designs described with such words by any way. In fact, the use of such words is intended to present related concepts in a concrete manner.

[0057] In the description of the present application, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0058] Some embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device. As shown in Figure 1 The electronic device 1 includes a power supply (VCC) 10, a power supply circuit 20 and a load 30. The power supply circuit 20 is connected between the power supply 10 and the load 30.

[0059] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device in some embodiments is shown. As shown in Figure 2 The power supply circuit 20 includes a switching circuit 100 and a protection circuit 700 connected to the switching circuit 100, and the protection circuit 700 is used to keep the switching circuit 100 working normally in the case of abnormality of the switching circuit 100.

[0060] The switching circuit 100 is used to be connected between the power supply 10 and the load 30. The first end of the switching circuit 100 is used to connect the power supply 10, and the second end of the switching circuit 100 is used to connect the load 30.

[0061] Next, how the protection circuit 700 keeps the switching circuit 100 working normally in the case of abnormality of the switching circuit 100 will be described in combination with Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device in some embodiments is shown. Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device in some embodiments is shown.

[0062] As shown in Figure 3 The power supply circuit 20 further includes an energy storage circuit 200 and a control circuit 300. The first end of the switching circuit 100 is connected to the power supply 10, the second end of the switching circuit 100 is connected to the first end of the energy storage circuit 200, and the third end of the switching circuit 100 is connected to a reference ground G, which can be a zero potential point, such as the grounding point in the electronic device.

[0063] The switch circuit 100 comprises a first switch element K1 and a second switch element K2. The first end of the first switch element K1 is connected to the first end of the switch circuit 100, and the second end of the first switch element K1 is connected to the second end of the switch circuit 100. The first end of the switch circuit 100 is used to connect the power supply 10, and the second end of the switch circuit 100 is used to connect the load 30.

[0064] The first end of the second switch element K2 is connected to the second end of the first switch element K1, and the second end of the second switch element K2 is connected to the third end of the switch circuit 100. The third end of the switch circuit 100 is connected to the reference ground G.

[0065] In an example, the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2 can be Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs).

[0066] In some embodiments, the first output end of the control circuit 300 is connected to the fourth end of the switch circuit 100, and the third end of the first switch element K1 is connected to the fourth end of the switch circuit 100. The second output end of the control circuit 300 is connected to the fifth end of the switch circuit 100, and the third end of the second switch element K2 is connected to the fifth end of the switch circuit 100.

[0067] The control circuit 300 is used to control the on-off of the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2, and at most one of the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2 is turned on at the same time, i.e., the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2 are not turned on at the same time.

[0068] In an example, the control circuit 300 comprises a voltage conversion circuit 310, an enable circuit 320, and a device controller 330.

[0069] Specifically, the first output end of the voltage conversion circuit 310 is used as the first output end of the control circuit 300, and the second output end of the voltage conversion circuit 310 is used as the second output end of the control circuit 300.

[0070] The voltage conversion circuit 310 can be a step-down voltage conversion circuit, a step-up voltage conversion circuit, or a step-up / step-down voltage conversion circuit.

[0071] The enable circuit 320 is connected to the second input end of the voltage conversion circuit 310. The enable circuit 320 comprises an enable end E for receiving an enable signal, and the enable signal is used to control the on-off of the switch circuit 100.

[0072] The device controller 330 is connected to the first input terminal of the voltage conversion circuit 310. The device controller 330 includes a control signal receiving terminal C, which is used to control the operating state of the power supply circuit 20, including a charging state and a discharging state.

[0073] When the power supply circuit 20 is in the charging state, the control circuit 300 controls the opening of the first switching element K1 and the closing of the second switching element K2, so that the second and third terminals of the switching circuit 100 are turned off and the first and second terminals of the switching circuit 100 are turned on, and the power supply 10 charges the energy storage circuit 200.

[0074] When the power supply circuit 20 is in the discharge state, the control circuit 300 controls the first switching element K1 to close and the second switching element K2 to open, so that the first terminal and the second terminal of the switching circuit 100 are turned off and the second terminal and the third terminal of the switching circuit 100 are turned on, and the energy storage circuit 200 discharges to the load 30.

[0075] In some embodiments, the second terminal of the energy storage circuit 200 is connected to the load 30, and after the energy storage circuit 200 is charged, it discharges to the load 30.

[0076] In one example, the energy storage circuit 200 can be an inductive element L1, such as a power inductor.

[0077] In some scenarios, to avoid fluctuations in discharge voltage caused by noise during the discharge process of the energy storage circuit 200, which could affect the working stability of the load 30, at least one filter element 210, such as a filter capacitor, can be connected to the second terminal of the energy storage circuit 200.

[0078] like Figure 3 As shown, the filter element 210 can be two capacitors connected in parallel between the second terminal of the energy storage circuit 200 and the reference ground G.

[0079] Since the switching circuit 100 includes a first switching element K1 and a second switching element K2, the first switching element K1 is turned on when the power supply circuit 20 is in a charging state, connecting the first and second terminals of the switching circuit 100. The second switching element K2 is turned on when the power supply circuit 20 is in a discharging state, connecting the second and third terminals of the switching circuit 100. Therefore, switching of the switching elements is involved. Thus, in some examples, the power supply circuit 20 may also include a switching circuit SW.

[0080] The switching circuit SW is connected between the energy storage circuit 200 and the second terminal of the switching circuit 100, and is used to switch between the first branch and the second branch. The first branch is the path between the first and second terminals of the switching circuit 100, and the second branch is the path between the second and third terminals of the switching circuit 100.

[0081] As shown in the electronic device 1 shown in Figure 3 The protection circuit includes a current protection circuit 500.

[0082] The current protection circuit 500 is used to avoid the risk of simultaneous burnout of the first switching element K1 and the second switching element K2 caused by overcurrent generated on the switching circuit 100 exceeding the limit current (BI) of the switching element in the case of overcurrent in the power supply circuit 20 when the power supply 10 input is unstable, so as to realize protection of the first switching element K1 and the second switching element K2 in the switching circuit 100.

[0083] As shown in Figure 3 The first end of the current protection circuit 500 is connected to the power supply 10, the second end of the current protection circuit 500 is connected to the first end of the first switching element K1, and the third end of the current protection circuit 500 is connected to the reference ground (G).

[0084] The current protection circuit 500 is used to perform overcurrent protection on the switching circuit 100 when the first end and the second end of the switching circuit 100 are turned on.

[0085] Specifically, the current protection circuit 500 is used to discharge current to the reference ground G through the third end of the current protection circuit 500 until the current on the path is less than or equal to the preset current threshold value in the case that the current at the first end of the first switching element K1 is greater than the preset current threshold value.

[0086] When the current at the first end of the switching circuit 100 is greater than the preset current threshold value, the second end and the third end of the current protection circuit 500 are turned on, the current shunt path is immediately opened, the shunt protection is performed, and the current is discharged to the switching circuit 100 through the reference ground G. The current greater than the preset current threshold value is shunted or filtered out by the reference ground G (such as the grounding point), the current size on the path of the switching circuit 100 is reduced, the working current within the normal range is reserved, the burnout of the first switching element K1 and the second switching element K2 caused by overcurrent is avoided, the first switching element K1 and the second switching element K2 are not closed, the stability and reliability of the power supply circuit are ensured, the user experience satisfaction is increased, and the complaint phenomenon is avoided.

[0087] The current protection circuit 500 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third switching element K3.

[0088] The first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the power supply 10, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the first switch element K1, the first end of the third switch element K3 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, the first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the third switch element K3, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the third end of the current protection circuit 500 (connected to the reference ground G).

[0089] The first resistor R1 can be a power resistor, and the second resistor R2 can be a surge resistor. When the current at the first end of the first switch element K1 is greater than a preset current threshold, the third switch element K3 is turned on, and the current is discharged to the reference ground G through the second resistor R2.

[0090] Further, as shown in Figure 3 The current protection circuit 500 further includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a fourth switch element K4.

[0091] The fourth switch element K4 has a first end connected to the first end of the first resistor R1 and a second end connected to the second end of the first resistor R1.

[0092] The third resistor R3 has a first end connected to the third end of the fourth switch element K4 and a second end connected to the third end of the third switch element K3.

[0093] The fourth resistor R4 has a first end connected to the second end of the third resistor R3 and a second end connected to the reference ground G.

[0094] Specifically, in some embodiments, the fourth switch element K4 and the third switch element K3 are metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors.

[0095] In other embodiments, the fourth switch element K4 is a triode, and the third switch element K3 is a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor.

[0096] Taking the fourth switch element K4 as a PNP triode (P-type triode) and the third switch element K3 as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor as an example. When the current of the power supply 10 is too large, the voltage across the first resistor R1 becomes large, thereby turning on the fourth switch element K4. The power supply 10 passes through the fourth switch element K4, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4, and applies a voltage across the fourth resistor R4 to the third switch element K3, so that the third switch element K3 is turned on. After the third switch element K3 is turned on, the second resistor R2 is used to shunt the current of the power supply 10, thereby reducing the current flowing through the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2, avoiding the burning of the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2 caused by overcurrent, and at the same time, the function of the power supply circuit 20 is not closed.

[0097] When overcurrent occurs, the current protection circuit 500 provided by the embodiment of the present application immediately opens the current shunt path, performs shunt protection, reduces the current size on the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2 path, avoids the case that the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2 are burned out due to overcurrent, and at the same time does not close the function of the power supply circuit 20, guarantees the user's health examination and safety, and avoids the occurrence of complaints.

[0098] As shown in the electronic device 1 shown in Figure 3 When positive overvoltage occurs at the power supply 10 end, if the voltage exceeds the breakdown voltage (Breakdown Voltage, BV) or the limit voltage of the switch element, the current protection circuit 500 cannot function, and the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2 may be burned out at the same time.

[0099] In addition, for the electronic device 1 shown in Figure 3 If the negative overvoltage caused by the reverse electromotive force of the energy storage circuit 200 at the rear end occurs when the power supply circuit 20 is switched from the charging state to the discharging state, the reverse breakdown of the second switch element K2 will also occur, and the voltage difference of the first switch element K1 will also increase to cause breakdown. The current protection circuit 500 cannot function for the negative overvoltage caused by the reverse electromotive force of the energy storage circuit 200, and the reverse breakdown of the second switch element K2 will also occur, and the voltage difference of the first switch element K1 will also increase to cause breakdown.

[0100] In order to protect the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2 from being damaged when the positive overvoltage or the negative overvoltage of the power supply circuit 20 occurs, and at the same time ensure that the power supply circuit 20 can work normally, the present disclosure provides an electronic device, as shown in Figure 4 The protection circuit 700 includes the voltage protection circuit 600.

[0101] As shown in Figure 4 The first end of the voltage protection circuit 600 is connected to the second end of the switch circuit 100 through the switching circuit SW, and the second end of the voltage protection circuit 600 is connected to the reference ground G.

[0102] The voltage protection circuit 600 is configured to, in a case where a voltage value between the first end of the voltage protection circuit 600 and the second end of the voltage protection circuit 600 meets a preset condition, perform voltage discharge to the reference ground G through the second end of the voltage protection circuit 600, so as to maintain the normal work of the switch circuit 100.

[0103] Among them, the voltage protection circuit 600 can also be called the overvoltage peak elimination circuit. Through real-time overvoltage peak elimination, it filters out the relevant signals of overvoltage in a timely manner, while maintaining the working voltage within the normal range. This prevents the switching circuit 100 from burning out due to overvoltage, while not shutting down the function of the switching circuit 100. This ensures the stability and reliability of the power supply circuit, while increasing user experience satisfaction and avoiding customer complaints.

[0104] In some examples, such as Figure 5 As shown, the voltage protection circuit 600 includes a first protection circuit 610.

[0105] like Figure 5 As shown, the first terminal of the first protection circuit 610 is connected to the second terminal of the first switching element K1, and the second terminal of the first protection circuit 610 is connected to the reference ground G.

[0106] The first protection circuit 610 is used to discharge voltage to the reference ground G through the second terminal of the first protection circuit 610 when the voltage value between the first terminal of the first protection circuit 610 and the second terminal of the first protection circuit 610 is greater than the first preset voltage threshold, until the voltage between the first terminal of the first protection circuit 610 and the reference ground G is less than or equal to the first preset voltage threshold.

[0107] When the first protection circuit 610 is discharging voltage, the potential at the first terminal of the first protection circuit 610 is higher than the potential at the second terminal of the first protection circuit 610.

[0108] In one example, the first protection circuit 610 includes a first diode, the anode of which is connected to the second terminal of the first switching element K1, and the cathode of which is connected to reference ground G.

[0109] In another example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first protection circuit 610 includes a plurality of first diodes connected in series. The anode formed by the plurality of first diodes connected in series is connected to the second terminal of the first switching element K1, and the cathode formed by the plurality of first diodes connected in series is connected to the reference ground G.

[0110] Furthermore, the first diode is a Schottky diode.

[0111] The peak clipping voltage value is configured by using the first diode. The conduction characteristics of the diode are used to filter out the overvoltage portion while retaining the normal signal. This avoids the overvoltage from burning out the switching circuit and does not affect the normal operation of the power supply circuit.

[0112] The first protection circuit 610 provided by the embodiment of the present application filters out the overvoltage related signals in time through the first protection circuit 610, while retaining the working voltage within the normal range, thereby avoiding the situation that the first switch element K1 and the second switch element K2 are burned out due to overvoltage, while not closing the function of the power supply circuit 20, guaranteeing the user's health examination and safety, and avoiding the occurrence of complaints.

[0113] In some other examples, as shown in Figure 6 The voltage protection circuit 600 includes a second protection circuit 620.

[0114] As shown in Figure 6 The first end of the second protection circuit 620 is connected to the second end of the first switch element K1, and the second end of the second protection circuit 620 is connected to the reference ground G.

[0115] The second protection circuit 620 is configured to, in a case that the voltage value between the first end of the second protection circuit 620 and the second end of the second protection circuit 620 is less than a second preset voltage threshold, perform voltage discharge from the second end of the second protection circuit 620 to the reference ground G until the voltage between the first end of the second protection circuit 620 and the second end of the second protection circuit 620 is greater than or equal to the second preset voltage threshold.

[0116] In the case that the second protection circuit 620 performs voltage discharge, the potential at the first end of the second protection circuit 620 is lower than the potential at the second end of the second protection circuit 620.

[0117] In an example, the second protection circuit 620 includes a second diode, the cathode of the second diode is connected to the second end of the first switch element K1, and the anode of the second diode is connected to the reference ground G.

[0118] In another example, as shown in Figure 6 The second protection circuit 620 includes a plurality of second diodes, the plurality of second diodes are connected in series, the cathode formed after the plurality of second diodes are connected in series is connected to the second end of the first switch element K1, and the anode formed after the plurality of second diodes are connected in series is connected to the reference ground G.

[0119] Further, the second diode is a Schottky diode.

[0120] The peak clipping voltage value is configured by the second diode, the overvoltage part is filtered out by using the conduction characteristic of the diode, while the normal signal is retained, thereby avoiding the situation that the switch circuit is burned out due to overvoltage, while not affecting the normal working of the power supply circuit.

[0121] The second protection circuit 620 provided by the embodiment of the present application filters out the overvoltage part related signals in time, while retaining the working voltage within the normal range, avoids the case that the first switching element K1 and the second switching element K2 are burned out due to overvoltage, and meanwhile does not close the function of the power supply circuit 20, guarantees the user's health examination and safety problem, and avoids the complaint phenomenon.

[0122] In yet some examples, as shown in Figure 7 The voltage protection circuit includes the first protection circuit 610 and the second protection circuit 620.

[0123] In yet some examples, as shown in Figure 8 The protection circuit includes the current protection circuit 500, the first protection circuit 610 and the second protection circuit 620.

[0124] The power supply circuit 20 provided by the embodiment of the present application combines the protection circuit with the switching circuit, realizes the instant response and effective protection of the abnormal condition of the switching circuit. When the abnormal condition of the switching circuit occurs, the protection circuit can intervene rapidly, ensures that the switching circuit is not damaged, and maintains the normal operation of the switching circuit. Not only the stability and reliability of the switching circuit are enhanced, the service life of the switching circuit and the overall power supply circuit is effectively prolonged, but also the safety risk caused by the failure of the switching circuit is greatly reduced.

[0125] For the overcurrent condition, when the overcurrent occurs, the current shunt path is immediately opened by the current protection circuit 500, the shunt protection is performed, the current size on the first switching element K1 and the second switching element K2 path is reduced, the case that the first switching element K1 and the second switching element K2 are burned out due to overcurrent is avoided, and meanwhile the function of the power supply circuit 20 is not closed, the user's health examination and safety problem are guaranteed, and the complaint phenomenon is avoided.

[0126] For the positive overvoltage condition, the first protection circuit 610 filters out the overvoltage part related signals in time, while retaining the working voltage within the normal range, avoids the case that the first switching element K1 and the second switching element K2 are burned out due to overvoltage, and meanwhile the function of the power supply circuit 20 is not closed, the user's health examination and safety problem are guaranteed, and the complaint phenomenon is avoided.

[0127] For the negative overvoltage condition, the second protection circuit 620 filters out the overvoltage part related signals in time, while retaining the working voltage within the normal range, avoids the case that the first switching element K1 and the second switching element K2 are burned out due to overvoltage, and meanwhile the function of the power supply circuit 20 is not closed, the user's health examination and safety problem are guaranteed, and the complaint phenomenon is avoided.

[0128] The power supply chip provided by the present application comprises a power supply circuit, and the power supply circuit can be any power supply circuit in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0129] The power supply chip provided by the present application comprises a power supply circuit, and the power supply circuit can be any power supply circuit in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0130] The power supply chip provided by the present application comprises a power supply circuit, and the power supply circuit can be any power supply circuit in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0131] In some embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a power supply connected to the first end of the power supply circuit.

[0132] In some embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a power supply connected to the power supply chip.

[0133] In some embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a power supply connected to the power supply chip.

[0134] Exemplarily, the power supply is connected to at least one filtering element.

[0135] In some embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a load connected to the second end of the power supply circuit.

[0136] In some embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a load connected to the power supply chip.

[0137] In some embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a load connected to the power supply chip.

[0138] In some embodiments, the filtering element comprises at least one capacitor.

[0139] The vehicle provided by the present application comprises any power supply circuit provided by the above-mentioned embodiments, or any power supply chip provided by the above-mentioned embodiments, or any circuit board provided by the above-mentioned embodiments, or any electronic device provided by the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0140] The power supply chip, the circuit board, the electronic device and the vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present application all comprise the power supply circuit shown in the above-mentioned embodiments, and the power supply circuit realizes instant response and effective protection for abnormal conditions of the switching circuit by combining the protection circuit with the switching circuit. When the switching circuit is abnormal, the protection circuit can intervene rapidly to ensure that the switching circuit is not damaged and the normal operation of the switching circuit is maintained. Not only the stability and reliability of the switching circuit are enhanced, but also the service life of the switching circuit and the overall power supply circuit is effectively prolonged, and the safety risk caused by the failure of the switching circuit is greatly reduced.

[0141] The above merely illustrates the specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized by comprising: The application relates to a switch circuit (100) and a protection circuit (700) connected to the switch circuit (100) and used for keeping the switch circuit (100) normal in the case of abnormality of the switch circuit (100). The switch circuit (100) is used for being connected between a power supply (10) and a load (30). The switch circuit (100) comprises:

2. The power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein, A first switch element (K1), a first end of the first switch element (K1) being used for being connected to the power supply (10), and a second end of the first switch element (K1) being used for being connected to the load (30); 3. The power supply circuit of claim 2, wherein, A second switch element (K2), a first end of the second switch element (K2) being connected to the second end of the first switch element (K1), and a second end of the second switch element (K2) being connected to a reference ground (G). The first switch element (K1) and the second switch element (K2) are metal oxide semiconductor field effect tubes. The protection circuit (700) comprises a current protection circuit (500); 4. The power supply circuit of claim 3, wherein, A first end of the current protection circuit (500) is used for being connected to the power supply (10), a second end of the current protection circuit (500) is connected to the first end of the first switch element (K1), and a third end of the current protection circuit (500) is connected to the reference ground (G); 5. The power supply circuit of claim 3, wherein, The current protection circuit (500) is used for discharging current to the reference ground (G) through the third end of the current protection circuit (500) in the case that the current at the first end of the first switch element (K1) is greater than a preset current threshold. The current protection circuit (500) comprises: A first resistance (R1), a first end of the first resistance (R1) being used for being connected to the power supply (10), and a second end of the first resistance (R1) being connected to the first end of the first switch element (K1); 6. The power supply circuit of claim 5, wherein, A third switch element (K3), a first end of the third switch element (K3) being connected to the second end of the first resistance (R1); A second resistance (R2), a first end of the second resistance (R2) being connected to a second end of the third switch element (K3), and a second end of the second resistance (R2) being connected to the reference ground (G). In the case that the current at the first end of the first switch element (K1) is greater than the preset current threshold, the third switch element (K3) is turned on, and current is discharged to the reference ground (G) through the second resistance (R2). The current protection circuit (500) further comprises:

7. The power supply circuit of claim 6, wherein, A fourth switch element (K4), a first end of the fourth switch element (K4) being connected to the first end of the first resistance (R1), and a second end of the fourth switch element (K4) being connected to the second end of the first resistance (R1); 8. The power supply circuit of claim 6, wherein, A third resistance (R3), a first end of the third resistance (R3) being connected to a third end of the fourth switch element (K4), and a second end of the third resistance (R3) being connected to a third end of the third switch element (K3); ​ ​ A fourth resistor (R4) has a first end connected to a second end of the third resistor (R3) and a second end connected to the reference ground (G).

9. The power supply circuit of claim 3, wherein, The protection circuit (700) comprises a voltage protection circuit (600); The voltage protection circuit (600) has a first end connected to a second end of the first switch element (K1) and a second end connected to the reference ground (G); The voltage protection circuit (600) is configured to perform voltage discharge from the second end of the voltage protection circuit (600) to the reference ground (G) when a voltage value between the first end of the voltage protection circuit (600) and the second end of the voltage protection circuit (600) meets a preset condition.

10. The power supply circuit of claim 9, wherein, The voltage protection circuit (600) comprises a first protection circuit (610); The first protection circuit (610) has a first end connected to a second end of the first switch element (K1) and a second end connected to the reference ground (G); The first protection circuit (610) is configured to perform voltage discharge from the second end of the first protection circuit (610) to the reference ground (G) when a voltage value between the first end of the first protection circuit (610) and the second end of the first protection circuit (610) is greater than a first preset voltage threshold.

11. The power supply circuit of claim 10, wherein, The first protection circuit (610) comprises a first diode having an anode connected to the second end of the first switch element (K1) and a cathode connected to the reference ground (G).

12. The power supply circuit of claim 11, wherein, The first protection circuit (610) comprises a plurality of first diodes connected in series, an anode of the plurality of first diodes connected in series connected to the second end of the first switch element (K1), and a cathode of the plurality of first diodes connected in series connected to the reference ground (G).

13. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized by The voltage protection circuit (600) comprises a second protection circuit (620); The second protection circuit (620) has a first end connected to a second end of the first switch element (K1) and a second end connected to the reference ground (G); The second protection circuit (620) is configured to perform voltage discharge from the second end of the second protection circuit (620) to the reference ground (G) when a voltage value between the first end of the second protection circuit (620) and the second end of the second protection circuit (620) is less than a second preset voltage threshold.

14. The power supply circuit of claim 13, wherein, The second protection circuit (620) comprises a second diode having a cathode connected to the second end of the first switch element (K1) and an anode connected to the reference ground (G).

15. The power supply circuit of claim 14, wherein, The second protection circuit (620) comprises a plurality of second diodes connected in series, a cathode of the plurality of second diodes connected in series connected to the second end of the first switch element (K1), and an anode of the plurality of second diodes connected in series connected to the reference ground (G).

16. The power supply circuit of claim 9, wherein, Further comprising: A switching circuit (SW) connecting the voltage protection circuit (600) to the first terminal of the first switching element (K1) and the load (30).

17. The power supply circuit of claim 16, wherein, Further comprising: An energy storage circuit (200) having a first terminal connected to the switching circuit (SW); and a second terminal for connecting the load (30).

18. The power supply circuit of claim 17, wherein, The second terminal of the energy storage circuit (200) is connected to at least one filter element.

19. The power supply circuit of claim 3, wherein, Further comprising: A control circuit (300) having a first output connected to the third terminal of the first switching element (K1); A second output of the control circuit (300) is connected to the third terminal of the second switching element (K2); The control circuit (300) is configured to control the on-off of the first switching element (K1) and the second switching element (K2).

20. The power supply circuit of claim 19, wherein, The control circuit (300) comprises: A voltage conversion circuit (310) having a first output connected to the third terminal of the first switching element (K1), and a second output connected to the third terminal of the second switching element (K2).

21. The power supply circuit of claim 20, wherein, The control circuit (300) comprises: A device controller (330) connected to a first input of the voltage conversion circuit (310); An enable circuit (320) connected to a second input of the voltage conversion circuit (310).

22. A power supply chip, characterized by A power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1-21. A power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1-21.

23. A circuit board, characterized by A substrate; A power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1-21 or a power supply chip according to claim 22 disposed on the substrate. A power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1-21; or a power supply chip according to claim 22; or a circuit board according to claim 23.

24. An electronic device, comprising: A power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1-21; 25. A vehicle characterized by Or, A power supply chip according to claim 22; Or, A circuit board according to claim 23; Or, An electronic device according to claim 24. ​ ​

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