Shield pressurization control system and shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shield pressurization control system and a shield tunneling machine. The problems that in the prior art, slurry in an auxiliary pressurization system is prone to segregation and layering, and the automation level of the system is low are solved. The shield pressurization control system comprises a pressure maintaining tank, the pressure maintaining tank is connected with an automatic pressure maintaining unit, the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank is connected with an air-blowing stirring unit, the pressure maintaining tank is further connected with a slurry supplementing unit, and the automatic pressure maintaining unit, the air-blowing stirring unit and the slurry supplementing unit are all controlled by a background controller to act. A slurry conveying pipe is connected between the pressure maintaining tank and the cabin body, and a slurry conveying control valve is arranged on the slurry conveying pipe. According to the utility model, the problems of segregation, layering and precipitation of slurry in a high-pressure state are effectively solved, the quality of the slurry in the tank body is ensured, the probability of slurry blockage in a pipeline is greatly reduced, and the field maintenance cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the slurry in the tank body is stirred through air blowing, so that the slurry is more uniformly and fully mixed, the pressure maintaining time of the soil bin is prolonged, and the pressure maintaining effect is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to shield equipment technical field, especially a kind of shield pressurization control system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Earth pressure balance shield machine belongs to closed shield, system whether is tunneling or shutdown process, pressure of subface is maintained stable, reduce soil disturbance, avoid the problems such as ground subsidence, upheaval caused by subface instability. Earth pressure balance shield machine in normal tunneling process, by slag soil modification, control excavation quantity and discharge quantity dynamic balance etc., can better maintain the stability of subface pressure. But in shutdown process, due to the instability of subface soil, permeability and other factors, it is difficult to maintain stable pressure.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of technology, gradually appeared about earth pressure balance shield machine pressurization system related patent, more compressed air as power, the bentonite in pressure tank is transported to soil bin, realizes soil bin pressure maintenance;Such as the Chinese patent with application No. 202211334164.9 discloses a kind of earth pressure balance shield machine soil bin pressure compensation system and the Chinese patent with application No. 201220376558.6 discloses earth pressure balance shield machine auxiliary mud pressure maintenance system, the above-mentioned technology all adopt this idea to realize soil bin pressure maintenance function, but the control of both air supplement and slurry delivery valve is completed by artificial manual operation, need on-site staff to judge soil bin state in real time, then operate the start-stop state of each valve, system intelligent level is low, reaction speed is slow, the control of soil bin pressure is also not accurate. At the same time, slurry in storage bin is easily separated, layered and precipitated under the action of high-pressure air, which not only affects the pressure maintenance state of soil bin, but also may block pipeline and components to affect the normal operation of system. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the above background art, the utility model provides a shield pressurization control system and shield machine, which solves the problems of slurry separation, layering and low system automation level in the auxiliary pressurization system of the prior art.

[0005] The technical scheme of the utility model is achieved as follows: a shield pressurization control system, comprising a pressure maintaining tank, an automatic pressure maintaining unit connected to the pressure maintaining tank, a gas blowing and stirring unit connected to the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank, and a slurry supplementing unit also connected to the pressure maintaining tank, wherein the automatic pressure maintaining unit, the gas blowing and stirring unit and the slurry supplementing unit are all controlled by a background controller, the gas blowing and stirring unit can realize timed gas blowing of slurry in the tank body, so that the slurry in the tank body is mixed more fully and slurry precipitation in the tank body is prevented, the automatic pressure maintaining unit can realize automatic control of air supplementing and air exhausting of the pressure maintaining tank, so as to maintain the precision and constancy of the pressure of the pressure maintaining tank and the earth chamber, and the slurry supplementing unit is used for timely slurry supplementing of the pressure maintaining tank, so as to ensure sufficient slurry in the pressure maintaining tank.

[0006] Further preferably, the gas blowing and stirring unit comprises a gas blowing pipe arranged in the pressure maintaining tank, the gas blowing pipe is uniformly provided with gas blowing small holes or gas blowing nozzles, and the gas blowing pipe is connected with a gas source pipe, the gas source pipe is sequentially provided with a pneumatic three-way joint and a gas blowing control valve along the gas source flow direction. The pneumatic three-way joint is mainly used for filtering impurities in the gas source and maintaining stable gas supply pressure, and the gas supply valve is mainly used for controlling the opening and closing of the gas blowing pipe, so as to realize control of the gas blowing time and the gas blowing cycle length. During system operation, the opening cycle length and opening duration of the gas supply valve can be adjusted according to actual conditions, so as to realize automatic blowing of slurry in the tank.

[0007] Further preferably, the gas blowing pipe is arranged in an S shape or a back-to-back shape or a concentric circle shape at the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank, so as to ensure uniform gas blowing and stirring of liquid in the entire pressure maintaining tank.

[0008] Further preferably, a plurality of gas blowing pipes are arranged in the pressure maintaining tank, the plurality of gas blowing pipes are uniformly arranged at the lower part of the pressure maintaining tank, and the plurality of gas blowing pipes are connected with the gas source pipe through a multi-hole joint. In this way, uniform gas blowing and stirring of liquid in the entire pressure maintaining tank are ensured, and the gas blowing and stirring efficiency is improved.

[0009] Further preferably, the automatic pressure maintaining unit comprises an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe connected to the pressure maintaining tank, a gas regulator connected to the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, and the gas regulator is connected with an external gas source. The gas regulator stabilizes the air pressure value in the pressure maintaining tank near the pressure maintaining set value through the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe.

[0010] Further preferably, a pressure relief pipe is also connected to the pressure maintaining tank, and an air exhaust valve and a silencer are arranged on the pressure relief pipe. The air exhaust valve is mainly used for manual opening of the valve to realize rapid air exhaust when manual air exhaust of the pressure maintaining tank is needed to meet the phenomenon maintenance requirement or the tank body needs to be relieved of pressure. The main function of the silencer is to reduce the noise in the air exhaust and pressure relief process.

[0011] Further preferably, the slurry supplementing unit comprises a slurry supplementing pipe connected with the pressure maintaining tank, a slurry supplementing control valve and a slurry supplementing pump are arranged on the slurry supplementing pipe, and the slurry supplementing pump is connected with an external slurry source. When the liquid level in the tank is lower than a set slurry supplementing liquid level, the slurry supplementing valve and the slurry supplementing pump are automatically opened to supplement the slurry to the pressure maintaining tank, so that the automatic slurry supplementing function of the pressure maintaining tank is realized and the slurry amount in the pressure maintaining tank is ensured to meet the use requirement.

[0012] Further preferably, a safety valve, a pressure sensor and a liquid level sensor are further arranged on the pressure maintaining tank, a slurry discharging valve is arranged at the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank, and a one-way valve is further arranged on the slurry conveying pipe.

[0013] Further preferably, liquid level sensors are arranged at positions corresponding to a slurry supplementing liquid level, a slurry supplementing stop liquid level and a high alarm liquid level of the pressure maintaining tank, so that the timeliness and safety of slurry supplementing are ensured.

[0014] A shield machine comprises the shield pressure maintaining control system, the cabin is a soil bin of the shield machine, and the slurry conveying pipe connects the pressure maintaining tank and the soil bin of the shield machine.

[0015] The automatic pressure maintaining unit can realize the automatic control of the air supplementing and discharging of the pressure maintaining tank, so that the pressure of the pressure maintaining tank and the pressure of the soil bin are accurately and constantly maintained.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the slurry separation, stratification and precipitation problems under high pressure are effectively solved, the quality of the slurry in the tank is ensured, the probability of the blockage of the slurry in the pipeline is greatly reduced, and the on-site maintenance cost is reduced. Meanwhile, through the air blowing and stirring of the slurry in the tank, the slurry is more uniformly and fully mixed, which is beneficial to improving the time and effect of the soil bin pressure maintaining. The control of the whole system is simple, the automation level is high, the automatic operation and unattended operation in the process of the shield machine shutdown can be realized, and the labor cost and maintenance cost are greatly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the following embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 It is an overall structural principle diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Clearly, the described embodiments are merely a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present utility model, all the other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0020] As shown in Figure 1 Embodiment 1, a shield pressurization control system, comprising a pressure maintaining tank 1, an automatic pressure maintaining unit is connected to the pressure maintaining tank 1, a gas blowing and stirring unit is connected to the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank 1, and a slurry supplementing unit is also connected to the pressure maintaining tank 1, the automatic pressure maintaining unit, the gas blowing and stirring unit and the slurry supplementing unit are all controlled by a background controller, the gas blowing and stirring unit can realize the timed gas blowing of the slurry in the tank body, so that the slurry in the tank body is mixed more fully, and the slurry in the tank body is prevented from depositing. The automatic pressure maintaining unit can realize the automatic control of the air supplementing and discharging of the pressure maintaining tank, so as to maintain the precision and constancy of the pressure of the pressure maintaining tank and the soil bin. The slurry supplementing unit is used for supplementing the slurry of the pressure maintaining tank in time, and ensures the sufficient amount of the slurry inside. The pressure maintaining tank 1 is connected with a tank body 16 through a slurry conveying pipe 17, and a slurry conveying control valve 5 is arranged on the slurry conveying pipe 17. The slurry conveying control valve is used for controlling the on-off of the slurry conveying pipe; if the pressure of the tank body 16 is lower than the pressure setting value of the pressure maintaining, the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank is conveyed to the soil bin under the action of the pressure difference, and the supplementing of the slurry is stopped until the pressure of the soil bin reaches the pressure setting value of the pressure maintaining. The control system can accurately keep the pressure of the soil bin near the pressure setting value of the pressure maintaining, and realizes the automatic pressure maintaining function of the soil bin, reduces the manual operation, and improves the degree of automation.

[0021] The air blowing stirring unit in the embodiment includes an air blowing pipe 6 arranged in the pressure maintaining tank 1, the air blowing pipe 6 is a hose or a hard pipe, the air blowing pipe 6 is uniformly provided with air blowing holes or air blowing nozzles, the air blowing pipe 6 is connected with an air source pipe 18, the air source pipe 18 is sequentially provided with a pneumatic three-way joint 11 and an air blowing control valve 10 along the air source flow direction. The opening interval time and the opening duration time of the air blowing control valve can be adjusted according to the actual situation. In order to prevent the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank 1 from being separated, precipitated, stratified and the like under the action of high pressure, reduce the probability of pipeline or component blockage, and ensure the quality of the slurry injected into the cabin, the air blowing pipe is arranged at the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank 1, the air blowing holes are uniformly distributed on the air blowing pipe in the embodiment, the air in the pipeline can be blown into the pressure maintaining tank 1 through the air blowing holes, the slurry deposited at the bottom of the tank is driven, and thus the air blowing stirring of the slurry in the tank is realized. The air supply source is connected to the air blowing pipe 6 through the pneumatic three-way joint 14 and the air blowing control valve 10, and the air blowing device is provided with the air source. The pneumatic three-way joint 14 mainly filters impurities in the air source and maintains the stability of the air supply pressure, and the air blowing control valve 10 mainly controls the opening and closing of the air blowing pipeline, and realizes the control of the air blowing time and the air blowing cycle length. During the system operation, the opening cycle length and the opening duration length of the air blowing control valve 10 can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and thus the automatic blowing of the slurry in the tank is realized.

[0022] Embodiment 2: A shield pressurization control system includes a pressure maintaining tank 1, the pressure maintaining tank 1 is connected with an automatic pressure maintaining unit, the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank 1 is connected with an air blowing stirring unit, and the pressure maintaining tank 1 is further connected with a slurry supplementing unit. The automatic pressure maintaining unit, the air blowing stirring unit and the slurry supplementing unit are all controlled by a background controller, the air blowing stirring unit can realize the timed air blowing of the slurry in the tank, the slurry in the tank is mixed more fully, and the slurry in the tank is prevented from being precipitated. The automatic pressure maintaining unit can realize the automatic control of the air supplementing and air exhausting of the pressure maintaining tank, and thus the precision and constancy of the pressure maintaining tank pressure and the soil bin pressure are maintained. The slurry supplementing unit is used for supplementing the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank in time, and ensuring that the amount of the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank is sufficient. The pressure maintaining tank 1 and the cabin 16 are connected with a slurry conveying pipe 17, and the slurry conveying pipe 17 is provided with a slurry conveying control valve 5. The slurry conveying control valve is used for controlling the opening and closing of the slurry conveying pipe; if the pressure of the cabin 16 is lower than the pressure maintaining pressure setting value, the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank is conveyed to the soil bin under the action of the pressure difference, and the supplementing of the slurry is stopped until the pressure of the soil bin reaches the pressure maintaining pressure setting value. The control system can accurately keep the soil bin pressure near the pressure maintaining setting pressure, and realizes the automatic pressure maintaining function of the soil bin, reduces the manual operation, and improves the automation degree.

[0023] The air blowing stirring unit in the embodiment comprises an air blowing pipe 6 arranged in the pressure maintaining tank 1, the air blowing pipe 6 is uniformly provided with air blowing small holes or air blowing nozzles, the air blowing pipe 6 is connected with an air source pipe 18, the air source pipe 18 is sequentially provided with a pneumatic three-way joint 11 and an air blowing control valve 10 along the air source flow direction. The air blowing pipe in the embodiment is a hose, and the air blowing hose in the embodiment can be one, so that the air blowing pipe 6 is arranged in an S shape or a back-to-back shape or a concentric circle shape at the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank 1; the air blowing area is increased, the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank 1 can be fully air blown and stirred, and the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank 1 can be effectively prevented from being separated, precipitated and layered under the action of high pressure.

[0024] Embodiment 3: A shield pressurization control system comprises a pressure maintaining tank 1, the pressure maintaining tank 1 is connected with an automatic pressure maintaining unit, the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank 1 is connected with an air blowing stirring unit, and the pressure maintaining tank 1 is further connected with a slurry supplementing unit; the automatic pressure maintaining unit, the air blowing stirring unit and the slurry supplementing unit are all controlled to act by a background controller; the air blowing stirring unit can realize timed air blowing of the slurry in the tank body, so that the slurry in the tank body is mixed more fully and the slurry in the tank body is prevented from being precipitated. The automatic pressure maintaining unit can realize automatic control of air supplementing and air exhausting of the pressure maintaining tank, so as to maintain the precision and constancy of the pressure of the pressure maintaining tank and the earth chamber. The slurry supplementing unit is used for timely supplementing the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank, so as to ensure that the amount of the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank is sufficient. The pressure maintaining tank 1 is connected with a slurry conveying pipe 17 between the tank body 16, and the slurry conveying pipe 17 is provided with a slurry conveying control valve 5. The slurry conveying control valve is used for controlling the on-off of the slurry conveying pipe; if the pressure of the tank body 16 is lower than the pressure setting value of the pressure maintaining, the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank is conveyed to the earth chamber under the action of the pressure difference, until the pressure of the earth chamber reaches the pressure setting value of the pressure maintaining, and then the liquid supplementing is stopped. The control system can accurately keep the pressure of the earth chamber near the pressure setting value of the pressure maintaining, and realizes the automatic pressure maintaining function of the earth chamber, reduces manual operation and improves the degree of automation.

[0025] The air blowing stirring unit in the embodiment comprises an air blowing pipe 6 arranged in the pressure maintaining tank 1, the air blowing pipe 6 is uniformly provided with air blowing small holes or air blowing nozzles, the air blowing pipe 6 is connected with an air source pipe 18, the air source pipe 18 is sequentially provided with a pneumatic three-way joint 11 and an air blowing control valve 10 along the air source flow direction. The air blowing pipe in the embodiment is a hose, and the air blowing hose in the embodiment can be one, so that the air blowing pipe 6 is arranged in an S shape or a back-to-back shape or a concentric circle shape at the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank 1; the air blowing area is increased, the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank 1 can be fully air blown and stirred, and the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank 1 can be effectively prevented from being separated, precipitated and layered under the action of high pressure.

[0026] Embodiment 4: A shield pressurization control system, based on Embodiment 1 or 2 or 3, in this embodiment, the automatic pressure maintaining unit comprises an air inlet pipe 20 and an air outlet pipe 21 connected to the pressure maintaining tank 1, and a gas regulator 12 connected to the air inlet pipe 20 and the air outlet pipe 21, and the gas regulator 12 is connected to an external gas source. The gas regulator 12 forms an automatic pressure maintaining controller for controlling the air charging and discharging of the air inlet pipe 20 and the air outlet pipe 21. The working principle is as follows: the pressure maintaining tank 1 is connected to the automatic pressure maintaining controller through an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, respectively. After setting the pressure maintaining pressure value on the automatic pressure maintaining controller, the automatic pressure maintaining controller can automatically identify the pressure difference between the actual pressure in the pressure maintaining tank 1 and the set pressure maintaining pressure value. When the actual pressure in the tank is less than the set pressure maintaining pressure value, the automatic pressure maintaining controller controls the gas source to pressurize the pressure maintaining tank until the actual pressure in the pressure maintaining tank 1 is equal to the set pressure maintaining pressure value, and then the pressurization stops. When the actual pressure in the tank is greater than the set pressure maintaining pressure value, the automatic pressure maintaining controller controls the pressure maintaining tank 1 to discharge air until the actual pressure in the pressure maintaining tank is equal to the set pressure maintaining pressure value, and then the air discharge stops.

[0027] As a preferred solution, the pressure maintaining tank 1 is further connected to a pressure relief pipe 22, and the pressure relief pipe 22 is provided with an air discharge valve 14 and a silencer 13. The air discharge valve 14 is mainly used for manual air discharge of the pressure maintaining tank 1 to meet the needs of phenomenon maintenance or tank pressure relief, and is opened by manual control to achieve the purpose of rapid air discharge. The main function of the silencer 13 is to reduce the noise during air discharge and pressure relief.

[0028] As a preferred solution, the slurry supplementing unit comprises a slurry supplementing pipe 19 connected to the pressure maintaining tank 1, and a slurry supplementing control valve 8 and a slurry supplementing pump 9 provided on the slurry supplementing pipe 19, and the slurry supplementing pump 9 is connected to an external slurry source. The bottom of the pressure maintaining tank 1 is provided with a slurry discharge valve 7, and the tank body is provided with a manual slurry discharge valve 7, which is mainly used for discharging slurry in the tank to the outside of the tank during maintenance or system shutdown to avoid accumulation of slurry residues in the tank. In order to ensure that the amount of slurry in the pressure maintaining tank 1 meets the use requirements and realize the automatic slurry supplementing function of the pressure maintaining tank 1, a liquid level sensor 3 is installed on the pressure maintaining tank 1 to detect the liquid level in the tank. When the liquid level in the tank is lower than the set slurry supplementing liquid level, the slurry supplementing valve 8 and the slurry supplementing pump 9 are automatically opened to supplement the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank. If the slurry supplementing pump 9 is started for a certain period of time and the liquid level in the tank is still lower than the set slurry supplementing liquid level, the system will issue an alarm to indicate that the liquid level in the pressure maintaining tank is too low, and the system fault needs to be checked. When the liquid level in the tank is higher than the set slurry supplementing stop liquid level, the slurry supplementing valve 8 and the slurry supplementing pump 9 are automatically closed to stop supplementing the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank. When the liquid level in the tank is higher than the set high alarm liquid level, the slurry supplementing valve 8 and the slurry supplementing pump 9 do not start, and at the same time, the system issues an alarm signal to indicate that the liquid level in the tank is too high and the slurry discharge valve 7 needs to be manually opened for slurry discharge.

[0029] The pressure maintaining tank 1 in the embodiment is further provided with a safety valve 15, a pressure sensor 2 and a liquid level sensor 3; and the slurry conveying pipe 17 is further provided with a one-way valve 4. The safety valve 15 mainly plays a safety protection role. When the pressure in the tank body exceeds the safety set pressure, the safety valve 15 is opened to release the pressure of the tank body, so as to prevent the safety hidden danger caused by the continuous increase of the pressure of the tank body. The pressure sensor 2 is installed on the side of the tank body of the pressure maintaining tank, and the main purpose is to monitor the pressure value in the tank body. The liquid level sensors 3 are respectively arranged at positions corresponding to the liquid supplementing liquid level, the stop supplementing liquid level and the high alarm liquid level of the tank body of the pressure maintaining tank 1. It should be noted that the set positions of the liquid supplementing liquid level, the stop supplementing liquid level and the high alarm liquid level of the tank body can be set according to the actual size and structure form of the tank body, but the order of the three liquid levels is sequentially set from bottom to top, and the order cannot be changed. The slurry supplementing pump can be a variable frequency pump, and the running frequency of the pump can be reduced with the increase of the liquid level height in the tank body, or can be segmented variable frequency operation according to different liquid level heights, so as to reduce the fluctuation amplitude of the liquid level in the tank as much as possible. The form of the slurry supplementing pump can be determined according to the actual situation, such as a screw pump, a plunger pump, a hose pump and the like. The pump can also be a fixed frequency pump. The type and number of the liquid level sensors mentioned in the patent can be increased or reduced according to the actual situation, as long as the monitoring, control and protection functions of the liquid level height in the tank body can be realized, which should belong to the protection content of the utility model.

[0030] Embodiment 5, a shield machine, in particular to a soil pressure balance shield machine, comprising the shield pressurization control system of embodiment 1 or embodiment 4, the cabin body 16 is a soil bin of the shield machine; the slurry conveying pipe 17 connects the pressure maintaining tank 1 and the soil bin of the shield machine. The pressure maintaining tank 1 and the soil bin are connected through the slurry conveying pipe, and the slurry supplementing valve and the one-way valve are arranged on the slurry conveying pipe. When the soil bin needs to be pressurized after the shield machine is stopped, the pressurization pressure value is set on the automatic pressure maintaining controller, and the pressurization control system is started. After the system is started, the slurry supplementing valve is automatically opened, and the gas automatic pressure maintaining controller stabilizes the air pressure value in the pressure maintaining tank near the pressurization set value. At this time, if the pressure of the soil bin is lower than the pressurization set value, the slurry in the pressure maintaining tank is conveyed to the soil bin under the action of the pressure difference, and the liquid supplementing is stopped until the pressure in the soil bin reaches the pressurization set value. The control system can accurately keep the pressure of the soil bin near the pressurization set pressure, and realizes the automatic pressure maintaining function of the soil bin, and reduces the manual operation.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the pressurized tank anti-settling system solves the problems of segregation, delamination and sedimentation of slurry under high pressure, guarantees the quality of slurry in the tank, greatly reduces the probability of slurry blockage in the pipeline, and reduces the on-site maintenance cost. Meanwhile, through air blowing and stirring of the slurry in the tank, the slurry is mixed more uniformly and sufficiently, which is beneficial to improve the time and effect of pressure maintaining of the soil bin. The control of the whole system is simple, the automation level is high, automatic operation and unattended operation during shield shutdown can be realized, and the labor cost and maintenance cost are greatly reduced.

[0032] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A shield pressurization control system comprising a pressure maintaining tank (1), characterized in that: The automatic pressure maintaining unit is connected to the pressure maintaining tank (1), the air blowing and stirring unit is connected to the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank (1), the slurry supplementing unit is also connected to the pressure maintaining tank (1), the slurry conveying pipe (17) is connected between the pressure maintaining tank (1) and the cabin (16), and the slurry conveying control valve (5) is arranged on the slurry conveying pipe (17).

2. The shield pressurization control system of claim 1, wherein: The air blowing and stirring unit comprises the air blowing pipes (6) arranged in the pressure maintaining tank (1), the air blowing pipes (6) are uniformly provided with air blowing holes or air blowing nozzles, and the air source pipe (18) is connected to the air blowing pipes (6), and the air blowing control valve (10) and the pneumatic three-way joint (11) are sequentially arranged on the air source pipe (18) along the air source flow direction.

3. The shield pressurization control system of claim 2, wherein: The air blowing pipes (6) are arranged in the S-shaped, the back-to-back shape or the concentric circle type disc shape at the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank (1).

4. The shield pressurization control system of claim 2, wherein: A plurality of air blowing pipes (6) are arranged in the pressure maintaining tank (1), the plurality of air blowing pipes (6) are uniformly arranged at the lower part of the pressure maintaining tank (1), and the plurality of air blowing pipes (6) are connected to the air source pipe (18) through the multi-hole joint.

5. The shield pressurization control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by: The automatic pressure maintaining unit comprises the air inlet pipe (20) and the air outlet pipe (21) connected to the pressure maintaining tank (1), the air inlet pipe (20) and the air outlet pipe (21) are connected to the gas regulator (12), and the gas regulator (12) is connected to the external air source.

6. The shield pressurization control system of claim 3, wherein: The pressure relief pipe (22) is also connected to the pressure maintaining tank (1), and the exhaust valve (14) and the silencer (13) are arranged on the pressure relief pipe (22).

7. The shield pressurization control system of claim 1 or 2 or 4, wherein: The slurry supplementing unit comprises the slurry supplementing pipe (19) connected to the pressure maintaining tank (1), the slurry supplementing control valve (8) and the slurry supplementing pump (9) are arranged on the slurry supplementing pipe (19), and the slurry supplementing pump (9) is connected to the external slurry source.

8. The shield pressurization control system of claim 1, wherein: The safety valve (15), the pressure sensor (2) and the liquid level sensor (3) are also arranged on the pressure maintaining tank (1), the slurry discharge valve (7) is arranged at the bottom of the pressure maintaining tank (1), and the one-way valve (4) is also arranged on the slurry conveying pipe (17).

9. The shield pressurization control system of claim 1 or 8, wherein: The liquid level sensors (3) are arranged at positions corresponding to the liquid supplementing liquid level, the stopping liquid supplementing liquid level and the high alarm liquid level of the tank body of the pressure maintaining tank (1).

10. A tunneling machine characterized by: The shield pressure control system comprises the shield pressure control system according to any one of claims 1-9, the cabin (16) is the soil bin of the shield machine, and the slurry conveying pipe (17) connects the pressure maintaining tank (1) and the soil bin of the shield machine.

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