Fly ash melting treatment device
By designing an inclined feeding channel and a high-temperature burner, the fly ash melting treatment device solves the problem of high equipment cost in the treatment of fly ash with low flow temperature, and achieves efficient and low-cost melting effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520247052.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies have high equipment costs and energy consumption when processing fly ash with a flow temperature below 1350℃, making it difficult to effectively reduce them.
A fly ash melting treatment device was designed, including a feeding section and a melting section. The temperature in the melting pool is controlled at 1400-1500℃ through an inclined feeding channel and a high-temperature burner, ensuring that fly ash below 1350℃ is melted into liquid. A liquid fly ash overflow port and a flue gas outlet are provided to reduce the equipment design parameters.
It achieves efficient melting treatment of fly ash with a flow temperature below 1350℃, reducing equipment and operating costs, while also reducing the production of secondary fly ash.
Smart Images
Figure CN223717983U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to fly ash processing equipment technical field especially relates to a fly ash melting treatment device. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the increasing amount of household garbage, household garbage incineration capacity also gradually increased. Household garbage incineration fly ash (hereinafter referred to as "fly ash") is the product of household garbage incineration facilities, its output is 2.5%-3.5% of the total amount of furnace garbage, fly ash contains arsenic, lead, chromium, zinc, copper, nickel, cadmium, manganese and other heavy metals and dioxin / furan (PCDDPFs) and other harmful substances, if not well solved, will become a new environmental pollution source, become the bottleneck of the health and sustainable development of household garbage incineration industry.
[0003] Melting can be more thoroughly harmless treatment of household garbage incineration fly ash, the melting point of fly ash can reach 1500 DEG C or more, the general design of conventional fly ash melting equipment melting temperature is 1500 DEG C or more, the corresponding heat source temperature is generally 1600 DEG C or more, only melt all fly ash. In actual projects, it is found that the melting point of fly ash in southern region is generally lower than that in northern region, the flow temperature of fly ash in many incineration plants in southern region is below 1350 DEG C, and the lower one is only 1100 DEG C, in this case, if the conventional design fly ash melting equipment is used, the melting temperature is much higher than the required temperature, the equipment cost is high, and the energy consumption is high. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0004] The purpose of the embodiment of the utility model is to provide a fly ash melting treatment device for processing fly ash with a flow temperature of 1350 DEG C or less, which can reduce energy consumption and equipment cost.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0006] Provided is a fly ash melting treatment device, comprising:
[0007] The feeding section comprises a stock bin, a first feeding channel, a second feeding channel and a pusher, the first feeding channel is vertically arranged, the second feeding channel is inclinedly arranged, the upper end of the first feeding channel is connected with the discharge port of the stock bin, the lower end of the first feeding channel is connected with the second feeding channel, the second feeding channel has a first end and a second end along its length direction, the first end is higher than the second end, and the pusher is arranged in the second feeding channel and located at the first end;
[0008] The melting section comprises a third feeding channel, a molten pool and burners, the molten pool is provided with a fly ash feeding port at one end along the horizontal direction and adjacent to the bottom, the second end of the second feeding channel is connected with the fly ash feeding port through the third feeding channel; a group of burners is installed on each of the two opposite side walls of the molten pool, the molten pool is further provided with a flue gas outlet and a liquid fly ash overflow port, the position of the burners is higher than that of the liquid fly ash overflow port, and the temperature of the area inside the molten pool and adjacent to the top wall thereof is 1400-1500℃ when the burners are working.
[0009] As a further scheme of the fly ash melting treatment device, the bottom wall of the molten pool is inclined, the liquid fly ash overflow port and the fly ash feeding port are respectively arranged on the two opposite side walls of the molten pool along a first direction, the height of the bottom wall of the molten pool near the end of the fly ash feeding port is higher than that of the bottom wall of the molten pool near the liquid fly ash overflow port, and the burners are arranged on the two opposite side walls of the molten pool along a second direction, the first direction, the second direction and the vertical direction are perpendicular to each other.
[0010] As a further scheme of the fly ash melting treatment device, the inclination angle of the bottom wall is 4-6°.
[0011] As a further scheme of the fly ash melting treatment device, the bottom wall of the liquid fly ash overflow port is lower than the top wall of the third feeding channel.
[0012] As a further scheme of the fly ash melting treatment device, the height difference between the bottom wall of the liquid fly ash overflow port and the top wall of the third feeding channel is 4-6cm.
[0013] As a further scheme of the fly ash melting treatment device, the inclination angle of the second feeding channel is 18-22°.
[0014] As a further scheme of the fly ash melting treatment device, a valve is arranged in the first feeding channel.
[0015] As a further scheme of the fly ash melting treatment device, the flue gas outlet is located at the top of the molten pool and adjacent to the fly ash feeding port.
[0016] As a further scheme of the fly ash melting treatment device, the burners are natural gas burners or heavy oil burners or other conventional fuel burners.
[0017] As a further scheme of the fly ash melting treatment device, the distance between the bottom wall of the liquid fly ash overflow port and the bottom wall of the molten pool directly below it is 5-10cm.
[0018] Beneficial effects:
[0019] The utility model discloses, fly ash is into first feeding channel after the storehouse, and fly ash falls in the second feeding channel, and fly ash will be blocked in the second feeding channel, and the effect of physical isolation between the second feeding channel and the molten pool is played to, thereby can prevent the smoke in the molten pool from backfiring, reciprocating motion will push the fly ash in the second feeding channel into the molten pool through the third feeding channel, and the fly ash falling from the first feeding channel will play the protection effect to the pusher, and direct contact of the pusher with the high temperature material in the molten pool is avoided.
[0020] The utility model discloses a pusher feeding can reduce secondary fly ash yield. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0021] The utility model will be further explained in detail below according to the drawings and examples.
[0022] Figure 1 It is the schematic diagram of fly ash melting treatment device for the embodiment of the utility model.
[0023] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of fly ash sampling detection module for the embodiment of the utility model.
[0024] In the drawing:
[0025] 10, storehouse;20, first feeding channel;30, second feeding channel;40, pusher;50, third feeding channel;60, molten pool;61, smoke outlet;62, liquid fly ash overflow port;70, burner;80, valve;
[0026] 1, porcelain boat;2, cushion block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In order to make the technical problems solved by the utility model, the technical scheme adopted and the technical effects reached more clear, the technical scheme of the utility model embodiment will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.
[0028] In the description of the utility model, unless there is explicit definition and limitation, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements. For the person skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0029] In the utility model, unless there is explicit definition and limitation, the "upper" or "lower" of the first feature to the second feature can include that the first feature and the second feature are in direct contact, or the first feature and the second feature are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the "upper", "upper" and "upper" of the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The "lower", "lower" and "lower" of the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.
[0030] In the description of the embodiment, if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and other orientation or position relationship appear, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation to the utility model. In addition, if the terms "first", "second" and the like appear, they are only used to distinguish in description, and do not have special meaning.
[0031] As Figure 1 shown, the fly ash melting treatment device of the embodiment includes a feeding section and a melting section.
[0032] The feeding section comprises a hopper 10, a first feeding channel 20, a second feeding channel 30 and a pusher 40, the first feeding channel 20 is vertically arranged, the second feeding channel 30 is obliquely arranged, the upper end of the first feeding channel 20 is connected with the discharge port of the hopper 10, the lower end of the first feeding channel 20 is connected with the second feeding channel 30, the second feeding channel 30 has a first end and a second end along the length direction, the first end is higher than the second end, and the pusher 40 is arranged in the second feeding channel 30 and located at the first end.
[0033] The melting section comprises a third feeding channel 50, a melting pool 60 and burners 70, the melting pool 60 is provided with a fly ash feeding port at one end along the horizontal direction and adjacent to the bottom, the second end of the second feeding channel 30 is connected with the fly ash feeding port through the third feeding channel 50; the melting pool 60 is provided with a flue gas outlet 61 and a liquid fly ash overflow port 62, the position of the burners 70 is higher than that of the liquid fly ash overflow port 62, the temperature of the flame of the burners 70 can reach 1500℃, and the temperature of the area inside the melting pool 60 and adjacent to the top wall is 1400-1500℃.
[0034] The feeding section is used for conveying fly ash to the melting section, and the melting section is used for melting treatment of the fly ash.
[0035] It can be understood that the fly ash falls into the second feeding channel 30 after entering the first feeding channel 20 from the hopper 10, and the fly ash is blocked in the second feeding channel 30, which has a physical isolation effect between the second feeding channel 30 and the melting pool 60, so as to prevent the flue gas in the melting pool 60 from backflowing; when the pusher 40 reciprocates, the fly ash in the second feeding channel 30 is pushed into the melting pool 60 through the third feeding channel 50, and the fly ash falling from the first feeding channel 20 can protect the pusher 40 from directly contacting the high-temperature materials in the melting pool 60. By designing the temperature of the burners 70 in the melting pool 60 as 1400-1500℃, the temperature of the area in the melting pool 60 adjacent to the burners 70 can reach 1400-1500℃ when the two groups of burners 70 work, so as to ensure that the fly ash with a melting point lower than 1350℃ in the melting pool 60 can be melted into liquid fly ash, and when the liquid fly ash reaches the height of the liquid fly ash overflow port 62, the liquid fly ash flows out through the liquid fly ash overflow port 62, and the flue gas generated in the fly ash melting process is discharged through the flue gas outlet 61.
[0036] The pusher 40 in the embodiment is a conventional device, and details are not described herein again. By selecting the pusher 40 for feeding, the secondary fly ash yield can be reduced.
[0037] The fly ash melting treatment device of the embodiment is designed for fly ash with a flow temperature less than 1350℃, and compared with the conventional fly ash melting equipment, the design parameters are reduced, and the structure is adjusted accordingly, so as to reduce the equipment cost and operation cost.
[0038] In order to ensure that the flow temperature of the fly ash is less than 1350℃, the flow temperature of the fly ash needs to be detected before the fly ash is sent into the bunker 10, and only the fly ash with a detected flow temperature less than 1350℃ can be sent into the bunker 10.
[0039] Specifically, the fly ash of the household garbage incineration plant needs to be sampled and detected, and the sampling is continuous for more than one week, at least 3 times a day (the fly ash is generated at intervals of more than 4 hours), and the test compliance rate is 90% or more. If conditions permit, the melting point test can be conducted in different seasons. In addition, before the fly ash enters the melting treatment device at the fly ash disposal center, it also needs to be monitored. The fly ash to be treated is taken out in batches of about 1m 3 (1 ton bag), and sampled and detected. Only when the test meets the requirements can it be treated in the furnace.
[0040] The specific simple test method is as follows:
[0041] A fly ash sampler with a volume of 1cm 3 is provided. The bottom of the sampler is provided with a push plate, which can push out the fly ash block. The fly ash block is placed in the porcelain boat 1, and the bottom of the porcelain boat 1 is longer than 5cm. A muffle furnace is used for testing. After the furnace temperature rises to 1350℃, the pad 2 is placed, as shown in the figure, and the end of the porcelain boat 1 containing the fly ash is placed on the pad 2, so that the porcelain boat 1 is inclined at an angle of about 5°. Close the furnace door and take out after 20 minutes. If the longest part of the flow trace of the fly ash after melting is more than 5cm, it indicates that the melting point meets the requirements of the subsequent melting equipment, and the fly ash melting treatment device of the embodiment can be used for melting treatment. Figure 2
[0042] The fly ash sampling and detection method and the device involved in the embodiment are conventional technical means in the art, and will not be described in detail.
[0043] Further, the bottom wall of the molten pool 60 is inclined, the liquid fly ash overflow port 62 and the fly ash feeding port are arranged on the two side walls of the molten pool 60 opposite in the first direction, the height of the end of the bottom wall of the molten pool 60 close to the fly ash feeding port is higher than the height of the end of the bottom wall of the molten pool 60 close to the liquid fly ash overflow port 62, and the burner 70 is arranged on the two side walls of the molten pool 60 opposite in the second direction. The first direction, the second direction and the vertical direction are perpendicular to each other.
[0044] By inclining the bottom wall of the molten pool 60, the liquid fly ash after melting can flow towards the end of the liquid fly ash overflow port 62, so as to avoid the accumulation of too much liquid fly ash at the fly ash feeding port and affect the pusher 40.
[0045] Optionally, the bottom wall of the molten bath 60 has an inclination angle of 4-6°, preferably 5°.
[0046] Further, the bottom wall of the liquid fly ash overflow port 62 is lower than the top wall of the third feeding channel 50. When the liquid fly ash in the molten bath 60 is in an overflow state, the liquid level of the liquid fly ash is lower than the top wall of the third feeding channel 50, so as to avoid corrosion of the top wall.
[0047] Optionally, the height difference between the bottom wall of the liquid fly ash overflow port 62 and the top wall of the third feeding channel 50 is 4-6 cm, preferably 5 cm. By limiting the height difference between the bottom wall of the liquid fly ash overflow port 62 and the top wall of the third feeding channel 50 to 4-6 cm, the heat loss in the molten bath can be reduced.
[0048] Further, the second feeding channel 30 has an inclination angle of 18-22°, preferably 20°, which can physically isolate the feeding section and the melting section from the fly ash falling from the silo 10 and the first feeding channel 20, so as to avoid backflow of the flue gas; at the same time, the fly ash can be quickly pushed into the molten bath 60 by the action of the pusher 40.
[0049] Further, the first feeding channel 20 is provided with a valve 80, which can control the fly ash feeding speed.
[0050] Further, the flue gas outlet 61 is located at the top of the molten bath 60 and adjacent to the fly ash feeding port. Since the flue gas flow direction and the fly ash feeding direction are opposite, the fly ash can be preheated, and the side wall of the molten bath 60 provided with the fly ash feeding port can block the flue gas, reducing the fly ash entrained by the flue gas.
[0051] Optionally, the burner 70 of the present embodiment is a natural gas burner or a heavy oil burner or other conventional fuel burner, which is symmetrically distributed on the two side walls of the molten bath 60 opposite in the second direction, so as to ensure the temperature of the fly ash melting zone.
[0052] Illustratively, on the two side walls of the molten bath 60 opposite in the second direction, two burners 70 are installed on each side wall in the first direction.
[0053] In the present embodiment, the distance between the bottom wall of the liquid fly ash overflow port 62 and the bottom wall of the molten bath 60 directly below it is 5-10 cm, so that the molten bath 60 has sufficient liquid fly ash flow space.
[0054] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be covered in the scope of the claims and the specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, each technical feature mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A fly ash melting treatment apparatus characterized by comprising: The application relates to a feeding section, a melting section and a slagging section. The feeding section comprises a stock bin, a first feeding channel, a second feeding channel and a pusher, the first feeding channel is vertically arranged, the second feeding channel is obliquely arranged, the upper end of the first feeding channel is connected with the discharge port of the stock bin, the lower end of the first feeding channel is connected with the second feeding channel, the second feeding channel has a first end and a second end along the length direction, the first end is higher than the second end, and the pusher is arranged in the second feeding channel and located at the first end. The melting section comprises a third feeding channel, a molten pool and burners, the molten pool is provided with a fly ash feeding port at one end along the horizontal direction and adjacent to the bottom, the second end of the second feeding channel is connected with the fly ash feeding port through the third feeding channel, the two opposite side walls of the molten pool are respectively provided with a group of burners, the molten pool is also provided with a flue gas outlet and a liquid fly ash overflow port, the position of the burners is higher than that of the liquid fly ash overflow port, and when the burners work, the temperature of the area inside the molten pool and adjacent to the top wall is 1400-1500 DEG C.
2. The fly ash melting treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The bottom wall of the molten pool is obliquely arranged, the liquid fly ash overflow port and the fly ash feeding port are arranged on the two opposite side walls of the molten pool along a first direction, the height of the bottom wall of the molten pool near the end of the fly ash feeding port is higher than that of the bottom wall of the molten pool near the liquid fly ash overflow port, the burners are arranged on the two opposite side walls of the molten pool along a second direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the vertical direction are perpendicular to each other.
3. The fly ash melting treatment apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by, The inclination angle of the bottom wall is 4-6 DEG.
4. The fly ash melting treatment apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by The bottom wall of the liquid fly ash overflow port is lower than the top wall of the third feeding channel.
5. The fly ash melting treatment apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by The height difference between the bottom wall of the liquid fly ash overflow port and the top wall of the third feeding channel is 4-6 cm.
6. The fly ash melting treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The inclination angle of the second feeding channel is 18-22 DEG.
7. The fly ash melting treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by A valve is arranged in the first feeding channel.
8. The fly ash melting treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The flue gas outlet is located at the top of the molten pool and adjacent to the fly ash feeding port.
9. The fly ash melting treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by The burners are natural gas burners or heavy oil burners.
10. The fly ash melting treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by The distance between the bottom wall of the liquid fly ash overflow port and the bottom wall of the molten pool directly below the bottom wall of the liquid fly ash overflow port is 5-10 cm.