Dry quenching boiler and dry quenching system
By installing observation devices on the side wall of the dry quenching coke boiler, the problem of the inability to visually observe the secondary combustion of coke powder has been solved, enabling timely detection and handling, and improving the safety and efficiency of boiler operation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423082343.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-13
AI Technical Summary
The secondary combustion of coke powder in existing dry quenching coke boilers cannot be visually observed, leading to excessive steam production per ton of coke, thermal imbalance, and leaks in heat exchange tubes, which cannot be detected and dealt with in a timely manner.
An observation device, including an observation hole or glass window, is installed on the side wall of the dry quenching coke boiler, located in the superheated section, to observe whether the coke powder undergoes secondary combustion in the superheated section.
It enables direct observation of secondary combustion of coke powder, timely detection and handling, avoids deterioration of boiler operating conditions, reduces the risk of tube rupture, and improves heat exchange efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223723067U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of dry quenching, in particular to a dry quenching boiler and a dry quenching system. BACKGROUND
[0002] Dry quenching is an important technology for recovering the sensible heat of coke, and due to the huge economic, environmental and social benefits generated by dry quenching power generation, it has become an important research topic for enterprises. Domestic dry quenching technology has basically matured, and after the flue gas in the dry quenching system enters the boiler, the secondary combustion of coke powder may occur, but in the prior art, it cannot be directly observed whether the secondary combustion of coke powder will occur in the boiler. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a dry quenching boiler and a dry quenching system, which can directly observe whether the secondary combustion of coke powder will occur in the boiler. The specific technical solutions are as follows:
[0004] The embodiments of the first aspect of the present application provide a dry quenching boiler, characterized in that it comprises: a furnace body having a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet; at least one superheater and at least one evaporator, the at least one superheater and the at least one evaporator being sequentially and spacedly arranged in the furnace body, and the superheater being arranged on the side of the evaporator close to the smoke inlet; at least one observation device, the observation device being arranged on the side wall of the furnace body and located in the superheating section, the superheating section being located between the evaporator and the smoke inlet, and the working condition of the superheating section can be observed through the observation device.
[0005] In some embodiments, the observation device comprises an observation hole, and the observation hole is arranged in the side wall of the furnace body.
[0006] In some embodiments, the observation device further comprises a glass window, and the glass window is arranged on the observation hole.
[0007] In some embodiments, the number of superheaters is two, the number of evaporators is one, the superheater close to the smoke inlet is a first superheater, and the superheater close to the evaporator is a second superheater; the observation hole is respectively located between the first superheater and the smoke inlet, between the first superheater and the second superheater, and between the second superheater and the evaporator.
[0008] In some embodiments, the number of evaporators is two, the number of superheaters is one, the evaporator close to the smoke outlet is a first evaporator, and the evaporator close to the superheater is a second evaporator; the observation hole is respectively located between the first evaporator and the smoke outlet, between the first evaporator and the second evaporator, and between the superheater and the second evaporator.
[0009] In some embodiments, the number of superheaters is two, the number of evaporators is two, and the observation hole is located between two superheaters, between two evaporators, between adjacent superheater and evaporator, and between superheater close to the smoke inlet and the smoke inlet.
[0010] In some embodiments, the observation hole is circular or rectangular.
[0011] In some embodiments, the smoke inlet is located at the top end of the furnace body, and the smoke outlet is located at the bottom end of the furnace body.
[0012] In some embodiments, the dry quenching boiler further comprises an economizer, which is located on the side of the evaporator close to the smoke outlet.
[0013] Embodiments of the second aspect of the application provide a dry quenching system comprising the dry quenching boiler described above.
[0014] In the embodiments of the application, the circulating gas in the dry quenching system enters the furnace body of the boiler from the smoke inlet, and then passes through at least one superheater and at least one evaporator for heat exchange. In the superheating section, the temperature of the coke powder is relatively high, and the coke powder is likely to undergo secondary combustion. Since the observation device is provided on the side wall of the furnace body and can observe the working condition of the superheating section, if the coke powder undergoes secondary combustion in the superheating section, the worker can directly observe the flame in the furnace body through the observation device.
[0015] Of course, implementing any product of the application does not necessarily require all the advantages described above to be achieved at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art based on these drawings.
[0017] Figure 1 The dry quenching boiler provided in the embodiments of the application is shown in the schematic diagram.
[0018] Reference signs:
[0019] Dry quenching boiler 1;
[0020] Furnace body 10; side wall 101; smoke inlet 11; smoke outlet 12; observation device 13;
[0021] First superheater 21; second superheater 22; first evaporator 31; second evaporator 32; economizer 40. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the present application belong to the scope of protection of the present application.
[0023] In the technical field of dry quenching, two problems are prone to occur. The first problem is that the steam production per ton of coke of the boiler far exceeds the design value, the boiler cannot achieve thermal balance, and the heat income of the boiler is more than the heat expenditure of the boiler. For example, the steam production per ton of coke can reach 0.6 t / t, far exceeding the design value of 0.48 t / t, and the ratio of heat expenditure to heat income can reach 112%. An uncertain amount of heat enters the boiler. Because the inlet and outlet flue gas temperatures of the boiler do not deviate from the design value, it is likely that the coke powder is combusted a second time in the boiler. The other problem is that in the analysis of the leakage of the heat exchange pipes of many boilers, a cause is often mentioned, that is, the burnout of the superheater caused by the secondary combustion of coke. When air is introduced into the circulating system, the coke powder will be combusted a second time in the superheater area.
[0024] At present, the dry quenching boilers designed by domestic boiler plants do not have sight holes similar to those of coal-fired boilers at the inlet of the boiler, the superheater and the reheater, because the dry quenching boiler does not have a combustion system, and the design of the boiler is based on the fact that no combustion occurs in the boiler, and the produced steam only has the amount of circulating gas and steam-water heat exchange. This leads to the fact that the above two problems cannot be directly confirmed by observation to determine whether the secondary combustion of coke powder really occurs in the boiler. Only by calibrating the data and the coke residue on the superheater pipe during maintenance, and by the burn marks left after removing the coke residue, can it be inferred that the secondary combustion of coke powder occurs in the boiler. This method is not intuitive and timely.
[0025] The embodiments of the first aspect of the present application provide a dry quenching boiler 1, as shown in the drawings, Figure 1 The dry quenching boiler 1 comprises a furnace body 10 having an inlet flue gas port 11 and an outlet flue gas port 12; at least one superheater and at least one evaporator, the at least one superheater and the at least one evaporator being sequentially and spacedly arranged in the furnace body 10, and the superheater being arranged on the side of the evaporator close to the inlet flue gas port 11; and at least one observation device 13, the observation device 13 being arranged on the side wall 101 of the furnace body 10 and located in the superheated section between the evaporator and the inlet flue gas port 11, so that the working condition of the superheated section can be observed through the observation device 13.
[0026] In the embodiment of the present application, the circulating gas in the dry quenching system enters the furnace body 10 of the boiler from the smoke inlet 11, and sequentially passes through at least one superheater and at least one evaporator for heat exchange. In the superheating section, the coke powder is likely to be combusted again due to the high temperature of the coke powder. Since the side wall 101 of the furnace body 10 is provided with an observation device 13, and the observation device 13 can observe the working condition of the superheating section, if the coke powder is combusted again in the superheating section, the staff can directly observe the flame in the furnace body 10 through the observation device 13. Through the above arrangement, it can be more direct and timely to find and confirm whether the coke powder is combusted again in the dry quenching boiler, and thus better guide the design, timely find the problem and avoid the continuous deterioration of the working condition of the boiler. For example, if the coke powder is combusted again, the boiler can be stopped or the oxygen content in the circulating gas in the dry quenching system can be adjusted, thereby reducing the risk of pipe explosion in the dry quenching boiler.
[0027] In some embodiments of the present application, the observation device 13 includes an observation hole, and the observation hole is arranged in the side wall 101 of the furnace body 10.
[0028] In the embodiment of the present application, the observation device 13 includes at least one observation hole, and the observation hole has a simple structure and only needs to be perforated on the side wall 101 of the furnace body 10, so the cost is low.
[0029] Specifically, when the observation hole is circular, the diameter of the observation hole can be 50mm-100mm, for example, 60mm, 70mm or 80mm, and preferably the diameter of the observation hole is 80mm.
[0030] It should be noted that the side wall 101 of the dry quenching boiler 1 furnace body 10 is often provided with a water-cooled wall, and the water-cooled wall includes a plurality of water-cooled pipes. The observation hole can be arranged between adjacent water-cooled pipes to prevent interference with the water-cooled pipes.
[0031] Specifically, a plurality of observation holes can be arranged in the flue wall partition of the dry quenching boiler when the temperature of the circulating gas in the dry quenching boiler is above 570℃ (i.e. the hydrogen combustion temperature).
[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the observation device 13 further includes a glass window, and the glass window is arranged on the observation hole.
[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, the glass window is arranged on the observation hole, which can prevent external impurities from being sucked into the furnace body 10, and also prevent the circulating gas from being discharged into the atmosphere.
[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the number of superheaters is two, the number of evaporators is one, the superheater close to the smoke inlet 11 is the first superheater 21, and the superheater close to the evaporator is the second superheater 22; the observation holes are respectively located between the first superheater 21 and the smoke inlet 11, between the first superheater 21 and the second superheater 22, and between the second superheater 22 and the evaporator.
[0035] In the embodiments of the present application, among the two superheaters, the superheater close to the smoke inlet 11 is the first superheater 21, and the superheater close to the evaporator is the second superheater 22; the number of observation holes is multiple, for example, three, one of which is located between the first superheater 21 and the smoke inlet 11. The secondary combustion of coke powder is most likely to occur between the first superheater 21 and the smoke inlet 11, so one of the observation holes is arranged between the first superheater 21 and the smoke inlet 11, which can more intuitively observe whether the secondary combustion of coke powder occurs. In addition, the two superheaters can fully exchange heat with high-temperature flue gas, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the dry quenching boiler 1.
[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the number of evaporators is two, the number of superheaters is one, the evaporator close to the smoke outlet 12 is the first evaporator 31, and the evaporator close to the superheater is the second evaporator 32; the observation holes are respectively located between the first evaporator 31 and the smoke outlet 12, between the first evaporator 31 and the second evaporator 32, and between the superheater and the second evaporator 32.
[0037] In the embodiments of the present application, among the two evaporators, the evaporator close to the smoke outlet 12 is the first evaporator 31, and the evaporator close to the superheater is the second evaporator 32; the number of observation holes is multiple, for example, three, one of which is located between the superheater and the second evaporator 32, which can more intuitively observe whether the secondary combustion of coke powder occurs between the superheater and the second evaporator 32. In addition, the two evaporators can fully exchange heat with high-temperature flue gas, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the dry quenching boiler 1.
[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the number of superheaters is two, the number of evaporators is two, and the observation holes are respectively located between the two superheaters, between the two evaporators, between the adjacent superheater and evaporator, and between the superheater close to the smoke inlet 11 and the smoke inlet 11.
[0039] In the embodiments of the present application, the number of superheaters and evaporators is two, which can realize sufficient heat exchange between high-temperature flue gas and dry quenching boiler 1, and improve the heat exchange efficiency. Since the observation holes are respectively located between two superheaters, between two evaporators, between adjacent superheaters and evaporators, and between the superheater close to the smoke inlet 11 and the smoke inlet 11, the secondary combustion of coke powder between the two superheaters, between the two evaporators, between the adjacent superheaters and evaporators, and between the superheater close to the smoke inlet 11 and the smoke inlet 11 can be observed through the observation holes.
[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, the observation hole is circular or rectangular. The shape of the observation hole is not limited in the present application.
[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the smoke inlet 11 is located at the top end of the furnace body 10, and the smoke outlet 12 is located at the bottom end of the furnace body 10.
[0042] In the embodiments of the present application, since the high-temperature flue gas is continuously cooled by heat exchange in the dry quenching boiler 1, the flue gas with gradually decreasing temperature will continuously sink, so that the smoke inlet 11 is arranged at the top end of the furnace body 10, and the smoke outlet 12 is arranged at the bottom end of the furnace body 10, which can well meet the movement law of the flue gas.
[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, the dry quenching boiler 1 further comprises an economizer 40, and the economizer 40 is located on the side of the evaporator close to the smoke outlet 12.
[0044] In the embodiments of the present application, the economizer 40 is close to the smoke outlet, which can fully absorb the heat in the low-temperature flue gas and fully utilize the heat in the flue gas.
[0045] The embodiments of the second aspect of the present application provide a dry quenching system, which comprises the above dry quenching boiler 1.
[0046] In the embodiments of the present application, the circulating gas in the dry quenching system enters the furnace body 10 of the boiler from the smoke inlet 11, and sequentially passes through at least one superheater and at least one evaporator for heat exchange. In the superheating section, since the temperature of the coke powder is high, the coke powder is likely to have secondary combustion. Since the observation device 13 is arranged on the side wall 101 of the furnace body 10, and the observation device 13 can observe the working condition of the superheating section, if the coke powder has secondary combustion in the superheating section, the workers can directly see the flame in the furnace body 10 through the observation device 13.
[0047] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A dry quenching coke boiler, characterized in that, include: The furnace body (10) has a flue gas inlet (11) and a flue gas outlet (12). At least one superheater and at least one evaporator are arranged sequentially at intervals within the furnace body (10), and the superheater is located on the side of the evaporator closer to the flue gas inlet (11); At least one observation device (13) is provided on the side wall (101) of the furnace body (10) and located in the superheated section, which is located between the evaporator and the flue gas inlet (11). The operation of the superheated section can be observed through the observation device (13).
2. The dry quenching coke boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The observation device (13) includes an observation hole that passes through the side wall (101) of the furnace body (10).
3. The dry quenching coke boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The observation device (13) also includes a glass window, which is disposed on the observation hole.
4. The dry quenching coke boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are two superheaters and one evaporator. The superheater closest to the flue gas inlet (11) is the first superheater (21), and the superheater closest to the evaporator is the second superheater (22). The observation holes are located between the first superheater (21) and the flue gas inlet (11), between the first superheater (21) and the second superheater (22), and between the second superheater (22) and the evaporator.
5. The dry quenching coke boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are two evaporators and one superheater. The evaporator closer to the flue gas outlet (12) is the first evaporator (31), and the evaporator closer to the superheater is the second evaporator (32). The observation holes are located between the first evaporator (31) and the flue gas outlet (12), between the first evaporator (31) and the second evaporator (32), and between the superheater and the second evaporator (32).
6. The dry quenching coke boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of superheaters is two, the number of evaporators is two, and the observation holes are respectively located between the two superheaters, between the two evaporators, between adjacent superheaters and evaporators, and between the superheater near the flue gas inlet (11) and the flue gas inlet (11).
7. The dry quenching coke boiler according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The observation hole is circular or rectangular.
8. The dry quenching coke boiler according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The smoke inlet (11) is located at the top of the furnace body (10), and the smoke outlet (12) is located at the bottom of the furnace body (10).
9. The dry quenching coke boiler according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The dry quenching coke boiler also includes an economizer (40), which is located on the side of the evaporator near the flue gas outlet (12).
10. A dry quenching system, characterized in that, Includes the dry quenching coke boiler as described in any one of claims 1-9.