Ignition coil with controllable ignition voltage and controllable ignition energy

Abstract

An ignition coil with controllable ignition voltage and ignition energy comprises a direct-current power source E, an ignition switch K and a first switch element which are sequentially connected with a primary coil L1, a secondary coil L2 is in gap coupling with a spark plug, and an energy storage unit is further connected in a loop of the primary coil L1 in parallel. One end of the energy storage unit is connected with the ignition switch K, and the other end is connected with the first switch element. According to the ignition coil, capacitance energy storage ignition and inductance energy storage ignition TCI are combined, ignition energy of the capacitance energy storage ignition and ignition energy of the inductance energy storage ignition TCI are overlapped, ignition high voltage is generated through the capacitance energy storage ignition, ignition energy is generated through the inductance energy storage ignition, and therefore the ignition voltage and the ignition energy can be controlled respectively. And therefore, excellent ignition characteristics are formed. And different ignition energies can be obtained by controlling the charging current of the primary coil, so that the requirements of the engine on the ignition energies under different working conditions are met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to internal combustion engine ignition device field, concretely is a kind of ignition coil that ignition voltage and ignition energy are respectively controllable. BACKGROUND

[0002] Internal combustion engine works need that ignition coil generates high voltage and breaks down spark plug electrode gap to form spark, and the combustible mixture in cylinder is ignited to produce pressure to make engine normal work.There are two kinds of common ignition coil working modes, one is inductance energy storage ignition mode, referred to as TCI, and the other is capacitor energy storage ignition mode, referred to as CDI.The ignition high voltage rising rate of inductance energy storage ignition TCI mode is limited, sensitive to high voltage load, when spark plug insulation decreases or spark plug carbon leakage occurs, ignition voltage drops quickly to cause misfire;Its advantage is that the efficiency of electric energy conversion into ignition energy is high, spark current duration is long, and ignition energy is larger.Capacitor energy storage ignition mode CDI voltage rising rate is fast, less sensitive to high voltage load, and misfire is not easy to produce.But the ignition spark current duration produced is short, and the ignition energy is small, and the efficiency of electric energy conversion into ignition energy is low, and the requirement of ignition energy under various engine operating conditions cannot be met.

[0003] Through retrieval, there are relevant ignition device technical literature in prior art.For example, the invention patent publication document with publication number "CN103821656A" and the name "a gas engine multi-mode discharge ignition system".Including ignition controller, power supply, capacitor energy storage type ignition coil, first reverse breakdown diode, high voltage line interface, second reverse breakdown diode, inductance energy storage type ignition coil and spark plug, engine provides top dead center signal and speed signal to ignition controller in real time, top dead center signal and speed signal are processed through ignition controller, to generate ignition signal pulse, signal pulse controls the discharge time of capacitor energy storage type ignition coil and inductance energy storage type ignition coil.In the comparative document, double-coil discharge is adopted, capacitor energy storage type ignition coil discharge or inductance energy storage type ignition coil discharge or composite discharge can be selected according to needs, but the circuit structure and control of double-coil discharge are relatively complex.

[0004] For example, the patent publication document with publication number "CN118824711A" and title "Automobile ignition coil and its ignition controller". In the disclosed technical solution, a main housing is provided with an energy storage module, the energy storage module is electrically connected in parallel with the primary coil, when the primary coil is connected to the direct current power supply, the energy storage module and the primary coil store electric field energy and magnetic field energy respectively, the energy storage module and the primary coil are electrically connected with a flip circuit, the flip circuit responds to the disconnection of the direct current power supply and the primary coil, connects the energy storage module and the primary coil, provides a reverse voltage to the primary coil, and the size of the reverse voltage is equal to the self-induced voltage generated by the primary coil. The utility model discloses an energy storage component, realizes that when the coil is powered off, the self-induced voltage generated by the inductor is offset by the reverse current voltage, and then the effect of quickly eliminating the magnetic field is achieved, the primary coil magnetic field disappears instantaneously, the iron core demagnetizes, the magnetic force line rapidly shrinks and cuts the secondary coil to generate high voltage, and the ignition operation is carried out. It can be seen that the energy storage module in the comparative document functions to generate a reverse current voltage to offset the self-induced voltage generated by the inductor, and cannot participate in ignition discharge.

[0005] The ignition voltage and ignition energy of the two different energy storage ignition modes of TCI and CDI are synchronously output, the ignition energy is large, that is, the ignition voltage is high, the ignition energy is small, that is, the ignition voltage is low, however, the engine requires high ignition voltage under various working conditions to ensure that the electrode gap of the spark plug is broken down. The engine has different requirements for ignition energy under different working conditions, therefore, it is of great significance to propose an ignition coil with controllable ignition voltage and ignition energy in the art. Utility model content

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides an ignition coil with controllable ignition voltage and ignition energy, which comprises a direct current power supply E, an ignition switch K and a first switching element connected with a primary coil L1 in sequence, a secondary coil L2 and a spark plug gap are coupled, and an energy storage unit is also connected in parallel in the primary coil L1 loop, one end of the energy storage unit is connected with the ignition switch K, and the other end is connected with the first switching element.

[0007] Further, the energy storage unit comprises an energy storage capacitor C, the energy storage capacitor C is connected with a second switching element, one end of the energy storage capacitor C is connected with the primary coil L1, and one end of the second switching element is connected with the primary coil L1.

[0008] Further, the energy storage capacitor C is also connected with a voltage boosting and stabilizing unit at both ends.

[0009] Further, the first switching element and the second switching element are also connected with a pulse transformer BK.

[0010] Further, the first switching element is connected with a monostable control unit and then connected with the pulse transformer BK.

[0011] Further, the voltage boosting and stabilizing unit is grounded through a third switching element, and the output end of the monostable control unit is connected to the third switching element.

[0012] Further, the second switching element is a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), and the first switching element is a triode BG1, the control electrode of the silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) is connected to the secondary coil of the pulse transformer BK, the anode is connected to the energy storage capacitor C, and the cathode is connected to the collector of the triode BG1.

[0013] Further, the third switching element is a triode BG2, the voltage boosting and stabilizing unit is connected to the collector of the triode BG2, the emitter of the triode BG2 is grounded, and the output end of the monostable control unit is connected to the gate of the triode BG2.

[0014] Further, the secondary coil L2 is also connected to a reverse voltage stabilizing diode DW.

[0015] Further, the output voltage of the voltage boosting and stabilizing unit is between 350V and 450V.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the present application has the following beneficial effects: the ignition coil combines the capacitor energy storage ignition and the inductor energy storage ignition TCI, so that the ignition energy of the capacitor energy storage ignition and the inductor energy storage ignition TCI is superimposed, the capacitor energy storage ignition is used to generate ignition high voltage, and the inductor energy storage is used to generate ignition energy, so that the ignition voltage and the ignition energy are respectively controllable, and excellent ignition characteristics are formed. And by controlling the primary coil charging current, different ignition energies can be obtained to meet the requirements of the engine on the ignition energy under different working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 : Circuit principle diagram of the ignition coil.

[0018] Figure 2 : Ignition voltage timing diagram.

[0019] Figure 3 : Spark current timing diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] As Figure 1The ignition voltage and the ignition energy are controllable. The ignition coil comprises a direct current power supply E, an ignition switch K and a first switch element connected with the primary coil L1 in sequence, a secondary coil L2 coupled with the spark plug gap, and an energy storage unit 1 connected in parallel with the primary coil L1.

[0022] In the embodiment, the direct current power supply E, the ignition switch K and the first switch element and the primary coil L1 form the basic circuit structure of the inductive energy storage ignition TCI in the prior art. The first switch element is connected with the engine ECU and controlled by the ignition signal. When the ignition switch K is closed, the engine ECU continuously sends a high level signal to the first switch element, and in this process, the primary coil L1 is charged and stored. When the high level signal sent by the engine ECU to the first switch element becomes low, the first switch element is turned off, at this time, the ignition energy of the primary coil L1 passes through the secondary coil L2 after coupling, and the spark plug functions, at this time, the primary coil L1 current disappears, the core magnetic field shrinks and suddenly changes, a high voltage is induced through the secondary coil L2, the spark plug electrode gap is broken down, and sparks are generated and energy is released. The ignition high voltage rising rate generated by this inductive energy storage ignition TCI is limited, sensitive to high voltage load, when the spark plug insulation decreases or carbon leakage occurs, the ignition voltage drops quickly, which leads to misfire easily. The advantages are high efficiency of electric energy conversion to ignition energy, long spark current duration and large ignition energy. In the embodiment, the energy storage unit 1 is connected in parallel with the primary coil L1 in the primary coil L1 circuit. In the charging stage, the energy storage unit is charged and stored synchronously. When the ignition stage, the energy storage unit 1 discharges energy to the primary coil L1 synchronously. Due to the high turns ratio of the primary coil L1 and the secondary coil L2, the high voltage generated by the secondary coil L2 output, which will be significantly higher than the discharge voltage of the primary coil L1, and after coupling through the secondary coil L2, a higher ignition voltage will be generated. Through the combination of the energy storage unit 1 and the inductive energy storage ignition TCI, the ignition energy of the energy storage unit 1 and the ignition energy of the inductive energy storage ignition TCI are superimposed, the ignition high voltage is generated by the energy storage unit 1, and the ignition energy is generated by the inductive energy storage, so as to realize the controllability of the ignition voltage and the ignition energy respectively, and form the ignition high voltage with excellent ignition performance. And by controlling the charging current of the primary coil L1, different ignition energies can be obtained to meet the requirements of the engine under different working conditions.

[0023] In a more preferred embodiment, the energy storage unit 1 comprises an energy storage capacitor C, the energy storage capacitor C is connected with a second switch element, one end of the energy storage capacitor C is connected with the primary coil L1, and one end of the second switch element is connected with the primary coil L1. For details, please refer to Figure 1, the energy storage capacitor C and the primary coil Ll are charged, when the ignition signal is generated, the first switch element is turned off and the second switch element is turned on, at this time the energy storage capacitor C and the primary coil Ll begin to supply energy. The energy storage capacitor C can form a higher and constant ignition voltage through the coupling of the primary coil Ll and the secondary coil L2, the voltage rising rate is fast, the sensitivity to high voltage load is low, and misfire is not easy to occur. Because the energy supply time of the energy storage capacitor C is short, after the energy supply of the energy storage capacitor C is completed, the primary coil Ll will continue to discharge to supply energy to provide ignition energy, thereby superimposing high-performance ignition energy.

[0024] In a more preferred embodiment, the energy storage capacitor C is also connected with a voltage boosting and stabilizing unit 2. The voltage boosting and stabilizing unit 2 is a DC / DC voltage boosting and stabilizing circuit in this embodiment, which converts the direct current low voltage of the direct current power supply E into direct current high voltage to charge the energy storage capacitor C.

[0025] In a more preferred embodiment, the first switch element and the second switch element are also connected with a pulse transformer BK. When the first switch element is turned off due to the generation of the ignition signal, the reverse peak voltage thereof meets the turn-on trigger voltage of the second switch element after coupling through the pulse transformer BK, so that the second switch element can be turned on at the same time when the first switch element is turned off, so that the energy storage capacitor C and the primary coil Ll can discharge to supply energy synchronously.

[0026] In a more preferred embodiment, the first switch element is connected with a monostable control unit 3 and then connected with the pulse transformer BK. After the first switch element is turned off by the ignition control signal, the reverse peak pulse generated thereby is outputted as a stable controllable sharp pulse after the monostable control unit 3, so as to further ensure that the second switch element can be turned on after the first switch element is turned off.

[0027] In a more preferred embodiment, the voltage boosting and stabilizing unit 2 is grounded through a third switch element, and the output end of the monostable control unit 3 is connected with the third switch element. The voltage boosting and stabilizing unit 2 will continuously work when charging the energy storage capacitor C, and the energy storage capacitor C discharges to supply energy after the second switch element is turned on. When the energy storage capacitor C discharges completely, the second switch element needs to be turned off, at this time, the voltage boosting and stabilizing unit 2 should be avoided to continuously work in this process. Therefore, the monostable control unit 3 outputs to turn on the second switch element at the same time, and also turns off and cuts off the third switch element to form a charging circuit for the energy storage capacitor C. When the energy storage capacitor C discharges completely, the second switch element can be reliably turned off, and then the next charging and energy storage cycle can be entered.

[0028] As Figure 1As shown. The second switching element is a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), and the first switching element is a transistor BG1. The control electrode of the SCR is connected to the secondary coil of the pulse transformer BK, the anode is connected to the energy storage capacitor C, and the cathode is connected to the collector of the transistor BG1. The third switching element is a transistor BG2. The boost regulator unit 2 is connected to the collector of the transistor BG2, the emitter of the transistor BG2 is grounded, and the output terminal of the monostable control unit 3 is connected to the gate of the transistor BG2. During ignition, Figure 2 and Figure 3 This shows the timing waveforms of the ignition voltage and spark current.

[0029] When the ignition switch K is closed, the DC / DC boost regulator circuit operates, converting the low-voltage DC power supply E into high-voltage DC to charge the energy storage capacitor C. The process can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2 The voltage of capacitor Cv in the circuit is measured. At this time, the SCR is in the off state, and the energy storage capacitor C is quickly filled. The energy is stored in the energy storage capacitor C, waiting for the SCR to conduct and discharge to the primary coil L1. Simultaneously with the ignition switch K closing, the positive terminal of the DC power supply is connected to the collector of transistor BG1 through the primary coil L1. When transistor BG1 receives the ignition signal, see... Figure 2 When the ignition signal Vb is high, the gate of transistor BG1 is turned on. The primary coil L1 then rises according to the inductor charging curve, see [reference needed]. Figure 2 The primary coil L1 charges and stores energy during this process, with the charging current Id. When the ignition signal goes low, transistor BG1 turns off. The current in the primary coil L1 is interrupted, causing a sudden contraction of the iron core's magnetic field. This induces a sharp pulse in both the primary coil L1 and the secondary coil L2. (See [reference needed]). Figure 2 The waveforms of the VD and TCI transformers are shown. A spike pulse from the primary coil L1 triggers the monostable control unit 3 circuit, outputting a spike pulse. This pulse, coupled through the pulse transformer BK, triggers the SCR to conduct, and the energy storage capacitor C discharges through the SCR to the primary coil L1. The secondary coil L2 generates a high voltage. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 2 CDI output voltage.

[0030] Because the conduction time after the SCR is triggered is extremely short, the TCI discharge and CDI discharge occur simultaneously, and the output high voltage waveform is a superposition of the two. (See attached image.) Figure 2 The synthesized output high voltage waveform.

[0031] To ensure that the controllable silicon SCR can be self-off after the energy on the energy storage capacitor C is discharged, the current is zero, at which time the DC / DC boost voltage stabilizing circuit must stop working. When the single stable control unit 3 detects the reverse peak generated when the triode BG1 is off, it will output a certain width of square wave pulse to control the triode BG2, and the width of the square wave pulse will be greater than the discharge time of the energy storage capacitor C, so that the controllable silicon SCR can be reliably turned off. For details, please refer to Figure 2 DC / DC working sequence in

[0032] In a more preferred embodiment, the secondary coil L2 is also connected to a reverse voltage stabilizing diode DW to avoid damage to the device due to excessively high ignition voltage.

[0033] In a more preferred embodiment, the boost voltage stabilizing unit 2 outputs a voltage between 350V and 450V.

[0034] It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like can be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element preceded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, foreclose the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the recited element.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ignition coil in which an ignition voltage and an ignition energy are separately controllable, comprising a direct current power source E, an ignition switch K, and a first switching element connected in series with a primary coil LI, and a secondary coil L2 coupled with a spark plug electrode gap, characterized in that, In the primary coil L1 is also connected in parallel with a energy storage unit (1), one end of the energy storage unit (1) is connected with the ignition switch K, the other end is connected with the first switch element. ​ 2. The ignition coil whose ignition voltage and ignition energy are respectively controllable according to claim 1, wherein The energy storage unit (1) includes an energy storage capacitor C, the energy storage capacitor C is connected with the second switch element, one end of the energy storage capacitor C is connected with the primary coil L1, one end of the second switch element is connected with the primary coil L1.

3. The ignition coil with controllable ignition voltage and ignition energy as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The energy storage capacitor C is also connected with a voltage boosting and stabilizing unit (2) at both ends.

4. The ignition coil according to claim 3, wherein the primary winding is formed by a plurality of turns of a conductor, and the plurality of turns of the conductor are divided into a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of turns are connected in series to each other, and the plurality of groups of turns are connected in parallel to each other. The first switch element and the second switch element are also connected with a pulse transformer BK.

5. The ignition coil according to claim 4, wherein the secondary winding is formed by a plurality of turns of a conductor, and the plurality of turns of the conductor are divided into a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of turns are connected in series to each other, and the plurality of groups of turns are connected in parallel to each other. The first switch element is connected with a monostable control unit (3) and then connected with the pulse transformer BK.

6. The ignition coil whose ignition voltage and ignition energy are respectively controllable according to claim 5, wherein the primary winding is formed by a plurality of turns of a conductor, and the plurality of turns of the conductor are divided into a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of the turns of the conductor are connected to the primary winding in series. The voltage boosting and stabilizing unit (2) is grounded through a third switch element, the output end of the monostable control unit (3) is connected with the third switch element.

7. The ignition coil according to claim 6, wherein the secondary winding is formed by a plurality of turns of a conductor, and the plurality of turns of the conductor are divided into a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of turns are connected in series to each other, and the plurality of groups of turns are connected in parallel to each other. The second switch element is a thyristor SCR, the first switch element is a triode BG1, the control electrode of the thyristor SCR is connected with the secondary coil of the pulse transformer BK, the anode is connected with the energy storage capacitor C, and the cathode is connected with the collector of the triode BG1.

8. The ignition coil according to claim 7, wherein the secondary winding is formed by a plurality of turns of a conductor, and the plurality of turns of the conductor are divided into a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of turns are connected in series to each other, and the plurality of groups of turns are connected in parallel to each other. The third switch element is a triode BG2, the voltage boosting and stabilizing unit (2) is connected with the collector of the triode BG2, the emitter of the triode BG2 is grounded, and the output end of the monostable control unit (3) is connected with the gate of the triode BG2.

9. The ignition coil according to claim 8, wherein the secondary winding is formed by a plurality of turns of a conductor, and the plurality of turns of the conductor are divided into a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of turns are connected in series to each other, and the plurality of groups of turns are connected in parallel to each other. The secondary coil L2 is also connected with a reverse voltage stabilizing diode DW.

10. The ignition coil according to claim 9, wherein the primary winding is formed by a plurality of turns of a conductor, and the secondary winding is formed by a plurality of turns of a conductor, and the plurality of turns of the conductor of the primary winding and the plurality of turns of the conductor of the secondary winding are formed by a single conductor. The output voltage of the voltage boosting and stabilizing unit (2) is between 350V and 450V.

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