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339results about "Installations with induction energy storage" patented technology

Camshaft box, engine and vehicle

The invention discloses a cam shaft box, an engine and a vehicle, the cam shaft box comprises an ignition coil mounting hole, the ignition coil mounting hole is used for mounting an ignition coil, the ignition coil mounting hole comprises a sealing section, and the ignition coil is matched with the inner wall of the sealing section; and the exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the ignition coil mounting hole and located in the lower side of the sealing section, and the ignition coil mounting hole is communicated with the outside through the exhaust hole. The exhaust hole is formed in the lower side of the sealing section, exhaust does not need to pass through the sealing section, and exhaust is smoother.
Owner:BYD CO LTD

Ignition diagnostic system for internal combustion engine (ICE) and method of operating the same

An ignition diagnostic system and method for evaluating and optimizing the ignition performance of internal combustion engines (ICEs), such as those that burn hydrogen (H2) and / or other fuels. According to one example, the ignition diagnostic system and method use an artificial intelligence (AI) model with one or more machine learning (ML) algorithm(s) to identify, predict and / or otherwise evaluate abnormal combustion events, and to provide such information to an electronic control unit (ECU) in real-time. The ECU, in turn, can make combustion-related modifications to one or more components of the ignition system to optimize performance. By integrating the AI model into the ignition diagnostic system and method, a fast and simplified solution is provided that can be implemented across a wide variety of ICEs, including those that burn alternative fuels, where detecting abnormal combustion events and monitoring combustion-related parameters can be important.
Owner:FEDERAL MOGUL IGNITION LLC

Method and apparatus to control an ignition system

A multi-charge ignition system including a spark plug control unit adapted to control at least two coil stages so as to successively energise and de-energise said coil stage(s) to provide a current to a spark plug, said two stages comprising a first transformer (T1) including a first primary winding (L1) inductively coupled to a first secondary winding (L2); a second transformer (T2) including a second primary winding (L3) inductively coupled to a second secondary winding (L4); characterised in including first switch means M1 electrically connected between a voltage supply high side and the high side of the first primary winding, a second switch Q1 electrically connected between the first primary winding and the power supply low side supply / earth, a third switch connected between the junction of the first switch and high side end of the first inductor and a point between the low side of the second primary winding and low side supply / earth, and further including a fourth switch located between the low side of the second primary winding and said point, and a fifth switch located between said point and low side supply / earth.
Owner:DELPHI INT OPERATIONS LUXEMBOURG SARL

Electric field combustion-supporting jet ignition device and ammonia fuel engine

The utility model discloses an electric field combustion-supporting jet ignition device and an ammonia fuel engine, and relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, the electric field combustion-supporting jet ignition device comprises a jet device, an auxiliary electrode, a spark plug and an ammonia sprayer, the jet device comprises a jet device main body and a jet nozzle, and the jet device main body is connected with the jet nozzle to form a pre-combustion chamber; the pre-combustion chamber is communicated with the main combustion chamber; the auxiliary electrode comprises a pre-combustion chamber auxiliary electrode and a main combustion chamber auxiliary electrode, the auxiliary electrode is connected with the control unit through an electrical circuit, and an electric field is formed in the pre-combustion chamber and the main combustion chamber; the spark plug is electrically connected with the control unit through an electrical circuit; and the ammonia spraying device is used for spraying ammonia gas into the pre-combustion chamber through a nozzle outlet of the ammonia spraying device, the ammonia gas is fully mixed with air in the pre-combustion chamber, the mixed gas is ignited at an ignition electrode of the spark plug under the action of an electric field, and the ammonia mixed gas in the main combustion chamber is ignited. Electric field combustion supporting is applied to the jet ignition device, and the combustion reaction rate and the flame propagation speed are increased.
Owner:HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH

Anti-knock ignition system of hydrogen internal combustion engine, control method and device of anti-knock ignition system, storage medium and electronic equipment

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to an anti-knock ignition system of a hydrogen internal combustion engine, a control method and device of the anti-knock ignition system, a storage medium and electronic equipment. The system comprises an ignition coil, an external resistor and a spark plug, wherein the external resistor is connected to the secondary end of the ignition coil in parallel and close to the side where the spark plug is located; the control method comprises the steps of obtaining a current ignition advance angle; calculating a current knock index; whether the knock index is smaller than a current knock index threshold value or not is judged, if not, the ignition advance angle is adjusted according to a preset updating path, and the preset updating path is jointly determined according to the ignition advance angle, the knock index, the knock index threshold value and the adjusting coefficient; and if yes, the current ignition advance angle is kept, and an ignition control signal is sent according to the current ignition advance angle. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the risk of secondary discharge of the ignition coil is reduced, and engine knock suppression under all working conditions is achieved.
Owner:TONGJI UNIV

Ignition coil assembly with internal diagnostic features

An ignition coil assembly with internal diagnostic features that can be used to monitor and evaluate different aspects of an ignition system and provide continuous feedback. The ignition coil assembly may be a coil-on-plug type device that converts low-voltage battery power into high-voltage ignition pulses, and may include several input terminals, an ignition coil with primary and secondary windings, ignition circuitry, an output terminal, a spark plug connector, and a housing. The ignition circuitry includes an ignition operational circuit and an ignition diagnostic circuit, which in turn has a charging evaluation circuit for monitoring a charging phase, a discharging evaluation circuit for monitoring a discharging phase, and a feedback integration circuit for combining outputs into a multiplexed digital signal that can then be sent to an engine control unit (ECU) or the like over a single output terminal.
Owner:FEDERAL MOGUL IGNITION LLC

Ignition coil with unequal-thickness iron core structure

An ignition coil of a non-equal-thickness iron core structure comprises a shell, a low-voltage head is arranged on the upper portion of the shell, a high-voltage sheath assembly is installed on the lower portion of the shell, a coil assembly is transversely arranged in the shell and filled with epoxy resin, the low-voltage head is located at one end of the coil assembly, and an ignition module is arranged in the shell and close to the low-voltage head. The coil assembly comprises a T-shaped iron core, a primary framework arranged outside the T-shaped iron core in a sleeving mode, a secondary framework arranged outside the primary framework in a sleeving mode, a first C-shaped iron core and a second C-shaped iron core, the first C-shaped iron core and the second C-shaped iron core are arranged outside the secondary framework in a surrounding mode, and the first C-shaped iron core and the second C-shaped iron core are oppositely combined together to form an O shape and are connected to the end of the T-shaped iron core. The thickness of the first C-shaped iron core and the thickness of the second C-shaped iron core are larger than that of the T-shaped iron core. As the C-shaped iron core assembly and the T-shaped iron core are of a non-equal-thickness structure, the T-shaped iron core is thin, so that the space of primary and secondary framework structures on the periphery of the iron core is saved, and the requirement for the electrical performance function of the coil is met.
Owner:KUSN CADIC AUTO ELECTRIC PARTS

Control device of spark ignition hydrogen engine and control method for spark ignition hydrogen engine

To prevent backfire of an engine due to unintended discharging in an ignition plug at low cost, without generating a positive voltage during ignition coil charging, in a spark ignition hydrogen engine.SOLUTION: A control device of a spark ignition hydrogen engine sends, to an igniter of an ignition device, a main discharge ignition signal to ignite hydrogen mixture, and an auxiliary discharge ignition signal to reduce an open-circuit voltage of a secondary coil during an intake stroke compared to an open-circuit voltage at the end of main discharge. Therefore, it is possible to set the open-circuit voltage during the intake stroke to the minimum value of a breakdown voltage in the spark ignition hydrogen engine to prevent backfire of the engine.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8
Owner:HITACHI ASTEMO HANSHIN LTD

Ignition control device for internal combustion engine and ignition control method for internal combustion engine

To provide an ignition control device for an internal combustion engine and an ignition control method for the internal combustion engine capable of suppressing abnormal discharge of an ignition plug without requiring addition of components in the internal combustion engine using hydrogen as fuel.SOLUTION: An ignition control device 100 for an internal combustion engine is for a four-cycle internal combustion engine 1 using hydrogen as fuel. The ignition control device includes: an ECU 10 that generates an ignition signal on the basis of an operating state of the internal combustion engine 1 including a crank angle of the internal combustion engine 1; and an ignition device 31 that sparks an ignition plug 30 of the internal combustion engine 1 on the basis of the ignition signal. As the ignition signals, the ECU 10 generates a first ignition signal for sparking the ignition plug 30 in a compression stroke or an expansion stroke of the internal combustion engine 1 and a second ignition signal for sparking the ignition plug 30 for a valve opening period of an exhaust valve 3b of the internal combustion engine 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
Owner:TOYOTA INDUSTRIES CORP

Ignition coil assembly with internal diagnostic features

An ignition coil assembly with internal diagnostic features that can be used to monitor and evaluate different aspects of an ignition system and provide continuous feedback. The ignition coil assembly may be a coil-on-plug type device that converts low-voltage battery power into high-voltage ignition pulses, and may include several input terminals, an ignition coil with primary and secondary windings, ignition circuitry, an output terminal, a spark plug connector, and a housing. The ignition circuitry includes an ignition operational circuit and an ignition diagnostic circuit, which in turn has a charging evaluation circuit for monitoring a charging phase, a discharging evaluation circuit for monitoring a discharging phase, and a feedback integration circuit for combining outputs into a multiplexed digital signal that can then be sent to an engine control unit (ECU) or the like over a single output terminal.
Owner:FEDERAL MOGUL IGNITION LLC

Semiconductor device and ignition system

To prevent generation of noise to realize stable operation of a device.SOLUTION: A semiconductor device 1 has a semiconductor switch 1a and a control circuit 1b. The control circuit 1b is driven by a voltage of a signal ct for instructing ON / OFF of the semiconductor switch 1a as a power source. The semiconductor switch 1a is, for example, an IGBT. The control circuit 1b also comprises an extraction circuit 1b1 (first extraction circuit), and an extraction circuit 1b2 (second extraction circuit). The extraction circuit 1b1 extracts a gate charge from a gate of the semiconductor switch 1a with a first sink capability when an instruction to turn off the semiconductor switch 1a is detected from the signal ct. The extraction circuit 1b2 extracts the gate charge with a second sink capability higher than the first sink capability when a voltage generated from a collector voltage of the semiconductor switch 1a is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1
Owner:FUJI ELECTRIC CO LTD

Intelligent penholder type ignition coil

The utility model discloses an intelligent penholder type ignition coil which comprises a penholder type shell (a top inner cavity is provided with a circuit board with a chip, and a penholder part comprises an iron core, a framework, a coil winding and a high-pressure connector), and the outer wall of the shell is provided with an annular limiting sleeve for controlling the distance between the chip and a cylinder body; the outer wall of the penholder part is sleeved with a grounded stainless steel sleeve (shielding signal interference), a top inner cavity is provided with a heat insulation plate (a circuit board is mounted on the heat insulation plate, and a heat insulation pad is arranged therebetween); and the steel sleeve is provided with a matched limiting opening (positioning after insertion, and heat dissipation holes are formed in the outer wall). The environment temperature of the chip is reduced through the heat insulation structure, the steel sleeve shields signal interference and assists in heat dissipation, the problems of chip high-temperature damage, signal interference and insufficient heat insulation in the prior art are solved, and the reliability of an ignition system is improved.
Owner:温州汇众汽车电器有限公司

High-conversion ignition coil for motorcycle

The utility model relates to the technical field of ignition coils, in particular to a high-conversion ignition coil for a motorcycle, which comprises a shell, a mounting ring arranged on the upper surface of the shell, positive and negative pole connectors arranged on two sides of the middle of the upper surface of the mounting ring, an iron core arranged in the middle of the inner bottom surface of the shell, and a plurality of expansion discs uniformly sleeved on the outer surface of the upper end of the iron core. The expansion discs are all of an iron structure and are integrally manufactured with the iron core, the lower portion of the outer surface of the iron core is sleeved with a secondary coil, the outer surface of the secondary coil is sleeved with a primary coil, the two ends of the primary coil are each provided with a wire, and the other ends of the wires are connected with the positive connector and the negative connector respectively. A plurality of resistors are installed on the outer surface of a wire connected with the input end of the primary coil in parallel. The device is reasonable in design, normal output of coil energy can be guaranteed while coil energy loss is reduced, loss of output and converted coil energy is reduced, and then the ignition performance of the ignition coil is improved.
Owner:CHONGQING FUCHUN ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL CO LTD

Ignition system

An ignition system (2) for controlling spark generation of a sparkplug (4) in a combustion engine, comprising an electronic circuit (6) comprising an ignition coil (8) including a primary winding (10), and a secondary winding (12) across which the sparkplug (4) is connectable, a voltage source (14) configured to supply energy to said primary winding (10), and a control unit (16) configured to control said spark generation including to initiate spark generation and thereby enter a spark initialization mode. Upon receipt of a breaktrough detection signal (20), the control unit (16) is configured to terminate the spark initialization mode and to enter a spark maintenance and control mode, to control and maintain the spark by controlling the current of the spark to follow a preset value, and to maintain the duration of the spark until a predetermined time period has lapsed. When the predetermined time period has lapsed, the control unit generated a spark termination control signal (22) to be applied to said electronic circuit (6) to terminate the spark and thereby enter a spark termination mode.
Owner:SEM AB

Spark plug with cathode and anode compositions for extended use life

A spark plug (38) includes: a spark plug housing (40); a cathode (62) including at least one electrode fork (64) and formed primarily of iridium; and an anode (72) formed at least predominantly of iron or steel. The material composition of the cathode and anode provides extended spark plug service life, especially in high power density applications employing pre-chamber spark plugs. Related methods are also disclosed.
Owner:CATERPILLAR INC

Adaptive spark energy control

A system and method for operating an ignition system. An ignition transformer has primary and secondary windings. A spark apparatus is connected with the secondary windings of the ignition transformer. One or more characteristics of a spark generated by the spark apparatus is provided. An electronic control unit is adapted to control the ignition transformer, such that, based on an identification of the spark using the one or more characteristics and the spark reference data, the electronic control unit sends control signals to the ignition transformer to modify the one or more characteristics of the spark. Modification of the one or more characteristics may occur in a same spark cycle as measurement of the one or more characteristics.
Owner:ALTRONIC LLC

Ignition coil

To provide an ignition coil in which an increase in size is suppressed while excellent ignitability is realized.SOLUTION: In an ignition coil 2 according to an embodiment, a first outer peripheral iron core 36o of a first coil set 10 and a second outer peripheral iron core 50o of a second coil set 20 have a common portion 58. A direction of a magnetic flux generated in the common portion 58 when a current flows through a first primary coil 32 of the first coil set 10 is opposite to a direction of the magnetic flux generated in the common portion 58 when the current flows through a second primary coil 46 of the second coil set 20 in a second direction. The direction of an induced current generated in a first secondary coil 34 when the current of the first primary coil 32 is cut off at an output port 28 is the same as the direction of the induced current generated in a second secondary coil 48 when the current of the second primary coil 46 is cut off at the output port 28.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2
Owner:DIAMOND&ZEBRA ELECTRIC MFG CO LTD

Spark plug for spark-ignition engine.

Spark plug for a spark-ignition engine. Spark plug (10) for a spark-ignition engine comprising: - a first electrode (1), - a second electrode (2), - a third electrode (13), - a fourth electrode (23), - a first inter-electrode gap (14) located between the first electrode (1) and the third electrode (13), - a second inter-electrode gap (24) located between the second electrode (2) and the fourth electrode (23), and - a base (8), particularly in the lower part of the spark plug, the third and fourth electrodes (13, 23) forming part of the base (8). Figure for the abbreviation: 1
Owner:NEW H POWERTRAIN HLDG

Engine control circuit

The invention provides an engine control circuit, and relates to the technical field of engine control, the engine control circuit is arranged between a coil and an engine high-voltage pack, a power supply line and a ground wire are arranged between the coil and the engine high-voltage pack, the engine control circuit is provided with a single chip microcomputer and a main control circuit, and the main control circuit is provided with a P-MOS tube, a thyristor and a main control power supply. The drain electrode of the P-MOS tube is communicated with the control electrode G of the thyristor, the grid electrode of the P-MOS tube is communicated with the single chip microcomputer, and the source electrode of the P-MOS tube is communicated with the main control power supply; the main electrode T2 of the thyristor is communicated with the power supply line, and the main electrode T1 of the thyristor is grounded; the single-chip microcomputer controls on-off of the thyristor by controlling the P-MOS tube, periodically controls whether the ignition plug of the engine is ignited by the high-voltage pack of the engine, controls output and speed of the engine, and further controls running speed of the kart.
Owner:WEIHAI YINGSI ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY CO LTD

Ignition coil

An ignition coil includes a joint part that is formed of a tubular elastic body. The join part has a distal end mounted to an ignition plug arranged in a plug hole having a bend, and a proximal end mounted to a coil main body part arranged at a proximal-side entrance part of the plug hole which has a greater inner diameter than the bend. On an outer circumferential surface of a main tubular portion opposed to the bend, there are formed first ribs each extending along an axis of the joint part. On an outer circumferential surface of a proximal-side tubular portion, there are formed second ribs each extending along the axis of the joint part. When viewed along the axis of the joint part, a maximum value of a first rib diameter and a maximum value of a second rib diameter satisfy the relationship of d2 > d1.
Owner:DENSO CORP

Control device for spark-ignition hydrogen engine and control method for spark-ignition hydrogen engine

As a control device for a spark-ignition hydrogen engine, an ignition signal for a main discharge for igniting a hydrogen mixture and an ignition signal for a sub-discharge for making an open-circuit voltage of a secondary coil during an intake stroke lower than an open-circuit voltage at the end of the main discharge are transmitted to an igniter of an ignition device. As a result, the open-circuit voltage of the intake stroke is set to the minimum value of the insulation breakdown voltage in the spark-ignition hydrogen engine, thereby preventing engine backfire.
Owner:HITACHI ASTEMO HANSHIN LTD

Ignition coil with grounding shell

The utility model belongs to the technical field of ignition coils, in particular to an ignition coil with a grounding shell, which comprises a shell, the right side of the shell is movably contacted with an ignition coil body, the right side of the shell is provided with a groove, the inner wall of one side of the groove is provided with a conducting strip, and the conducting strip is provided with two clamping grooves. The shell is fixed to a vehicle frame, the movable rod is pulled to compress the spring, the movable rod drives the clamping pin to move, then the pin on the ignition coil body is inserted into the clamping groove in the conducting strip, the ignition coil body drives the connecting block to be inserted into the connecting groove, and when the left side of the ignition coil body is in contact with the right side of the shell, the connecting block is inserted into the connecting groove. At the moment, the pulling force on the moving rod is released, the spring in the compressed state is reset, and the spring drives the clamping pin to be clamped with the fixing groove through the moving rod under the action of the elastic force of the spring, so that the shell and the ignition coil body are fixed, the connection operation is simple and convenient, and good electrical connection can be ensured.
Owner:WENZHOU MINJO AUTO PARTS CO LTD

Integrated pen type ignition coil

The utility model relates to the technical field of ignition coils, and discloses a one-piece pen type ignition coil which comprises a body, a connecting base installed at the front end of the body, a socket installed in the middle of the connecting base, a connecting rod installed at the rear end of the body, and a spark plug installed at the rear end of the connecting rod. The connecting block can be driven to move, so that the body is driven to adjust the position, the position limitation is avoided, the flexibility is achieved, and the position limitation is avoided; heat in the body can be dissipated through the heat dissipation openings, the body is prevented from being affected by high temperature, and therefore the service life is prolonged, ceramic can ensure that good insulating performance and mechanical strength can still be kept in a high-temperature environment, the interior of the body is insulated through the insulating silica gel layer, the anti-pollution performance of the surface of the body can be improved through the anti-pollution layer, and the service life of the body is prolonged. Shell aging is avoided, short circuit or electric leakage is prevented, and the ignition effect and the performance of the internal combustion engine are not affected.
Owner:WENZHOU MINJO AUTO PARTS CO LTD

Natural gas 24V system engine ignition coil

A natural gas 24V system engine ignition coil comprises a shell and a high-voltage sheath assembly arranged at the bottom of the shell, a low-voltage head is installed on the shell, and a coil assembly and an ignition module are arranged in the shell. The coil assembly comprises a T-shaped iron core, a primary framework arranged outside the T-shaped iron core in a sleeving mode, a secondary framework arranged on the primary framework in a sleeving mode, a first C-shaped iron core, a second C-shaped iron core and a buffer connecting block, the first C-shaped iron core and the second C-shaped iron core are arranged outside the secondary framework in a surrounding mode, and the first C-shaped iron core and the second C-shaped iron core are wrapped with a thermoplastic elastic buffer cover. The first C-shaped iron core and the second C-shaped iron core are combined together at one end of the secondary framework, and when the buffer connecting block is inserted into the shell in the longitudinal direction, the buffer connecting block pushes the coil assembly to be in a circuit conduction state in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the buffer connecting block is combined with the first C-shaped iron core and the second C-shaped iron core at the other end of the secondary framework. The structure is reliable, rapid assembly can be achieved, and the stability of the ignition coil is improved.
Owner:KUSN CADIC AUTO ELECTRIC PARTS

Engine ignition control method and related device

The invention discloses an engine ignition control method and a related device, and relates to the technical field of engine control. The engine ignition control method comprises the steps that the actual water content of methanol fuel of a target engine is obtained; adjusting the ignition energy of an ignition coil according to the actual water content so as to perform ignition control on the target engine; wherein the ignition energy of the ignition coil is in positive correlation with the actual water content. The water content of the methanol fuel of the engine can be measured in real time, then the ignition energy of the ignition coil is adjusted according to the water content, the higher the water content of the methanol fuel is, the larger the corresponding ignition energy of the ignition coil is, and therefore the relatively rarefied methanol fuel can be successfully ignited; therefore, stability of combustion in an engine cylinder is guaranteed, and engine power is improved.
Owner:WEICHAI POWER CO LTD

Ignition device, gas engine and production plant

The utility model provides a kind of ignition device, gas engine and production equipment, it is related to engine technical field, the ignition device includes primary coil, secondary coil, first magnetic element, second magnetic element, voltage monitoring coil and voltage indication module, wherein: primary coil and secondary coil are coupled by first magnetic element, and the number of turns of primary coil is less than the number of turns of secondary coil;Secondary coil and voltage monitoring coil are coupled by second magnetic element, and the number of turns of voltage monitoring coil is less than the number of turns of secondary coil;Voltage indication module is connected with voltage monitoring coil, voltage indication module is used to receive the first output voltage of voltage monitoring coil, and the size of the second output voltage of secondary coil is indicated according to first output voltage.The utility model can directly monitor the actual output voltage of ignition coil, improve voltage fluctuation monitoring precision and reliability under engine dynamic condition, reduce fault false alarm rate.
Owner:HUNAN LIYU GAS CO LTD

Automobile ignition control circuit

The utility model discloses an automobile ignition control circuit, which comprises a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) tube Q1, a resistor R2, a diode D1, an optocoupler U1 and a resistor R1, wherein the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is divided into three paths; the first path is connected with the resistor R2, and the resistor R2 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q1 access pulse signals together; the second path is connected with the positive electrode of the output end of the optocoupler U1, the negative electrode of the output end of the optocoupler U1 is grounded, the positive electrode of the input end of the optocoupler U1 is connected with a control signal, the negative electrode of the input end of the optocoupler U1 is connected with the resistor R1, and the resistor R1 is grounded; the third path is connected with the diode D1, and the diode D1 is grounded; and the source electrode of the MOS tube Q1 is grounded. The MOS tube is used for replacing a relay to serve as an ignition switch, and patch type electronic elements are adopted, so that the whole circuit board is small in size and light in weight, replaces original mechanical connection, can adapt to vibration occasions, and is good in pressure resistance, convenient to produce and low in cost.
Owner:WUXI JIALICHUANG TECH CO LTD

Method for igniting a motor vehicle combustion engine

A method for igniting a motor vehicle combustion engine is implemented by an electronic control unit of an ignition circuit of a motor vehicle combustion engine, the ignition circuit including a transformer, including a primary coil and a secondary coil, and a spark plug electronically connected to the secondary coil of the transformer, the primary coil being capable of charging, and capable of discharging into the secondary coil, the discharge duration of the primary coil being predefined, the spark plug being capable of generating a spark during the discharging of the primary coil into the secondary coil, the method including: a) a step of requesting to start a combustion cycle of the engine; a first phase referred to as “generating a main spark”; and c) a second phase referred to as “generating at least one subsidiary spark”.
Owner:VITESCO TECHNOLOGIES GMBH