Automatic cooling and lubricating speed reducer

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic cooling and lubricating speed reducer which comprises a motor, a speed reducing device and an early warning device, the early warning device comprises a temperature early warning mechanism, a cooling mechanism and a lubricating mechanism, the temperature early warning mechanism is arranged in the speed reducing device, and the cooling mechanism is arranged in the speed reducing device. The cooling mechanism and the lubricating mechanism are arranged on one side of the speed reducing device and communicate with the speed reducing device, and when the early warning mechanism achieves the preset effect, the cooling mechanism cools the speed reducing device. According to the technical scheme, the temperature in the speed reducer can be monitored in real time through the early warning device, when the temperature exceeds a preset value, the cooling mechanism and the lubricating mechanism are controlled to cool the interior of the speed reducer, high-speed rotation and friction heat generation of a gear are prevented, the temperature of an inner cavity of the gear can be obviously increased, and the service life of the gear is prolonged. And the viscosity of the lubricating oil is degraded and the aging of the sealing element is accelerated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of speed reducer, especially a kind of automatic cooling lubrication speed reducer. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the core component of power transmission, the thermal management efficiency of speed reducer directly affects the operation reliability and service life of equipment. The traditional speed reducer adopts split type heat dissipation design, that is, forced air cooling is carried out by external heat dissipation fins cooperating with axial flow fan, and periodic lubricating oil injection is relied on to realize the cooling of friction pair. Research shows that about 75% of the energy loss in the gear box is converted into heat energy, and continuous temperature rise will cause problems such as lubricating oil viscosity deterioration and sealing element aging acceleration.

[0003] The prior art such as CN113503311A uses embedded heat pipe to strengthen heat dissipation, which improves the heat conduction efficiency, but it is difficult to realize dynamic regulation and control of temperature field. The oil mist cooling scheme proposed in US20200109713A1 has the defect of insufficient oxidation stability of lubricant. These methods generally have technical bottlenecks such as separation of cooling path and lubrication system, and lagging heat response.

[0004] The current speed reducer heat dissipation technology has three major defects: first, the functions of cooling medium and lubricant are separated, and the heat capacity of traditional mineral oil is limited (only 2.1kJ / kg·K) at high temperature, which cannot meet the instantaneous heat dissipation demand of heavy load working condition; second, temperature monitoring relies on single-point sensor, which cannot capture the three-dimensional temperature field distribution of gear box, resulting in delayed local overheating warning (actual measurement error is ±8℃); third, passive heat dissipation design has poor adaptability under variable working conditions, and when the environmental temperature exceeds 40℃, the heat dissipation efficiency of traditional air cooling system decreases by 60%. Especially, the existing injection lubrication device usually supplies fixed flow, which is easy to cause carbon deposition of lubricant under high temperature working condition, resulting in gear pitting failure. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a speed reducer system integrating intelligent temperature control, composite medium heat dissipation and precise lubrication, to realize dynamic balance of thermal load through the synergistic effect of cooling liquid and lubricant, and fundamentally break through the efficiency bottleneck of traditional heat dissipation scheme. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide an automatic cooling lubrication speed reducer, which aims to solve the existing technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides an automatic cooling lubrication speed reducer, which comprises a motor and a speed reducing device, further comprises a warning device, the warning device comprises a temperature warning mechanism and a cooling mechanism and a lubricating mechanism, the temperature warning mechanism is arranged in the speed reducing device, the cooling mechanism and the lubricating mechanism are arranged on one side of the speed reducing device and communicate with the speed reducing device, when the warning mechanism reaches the preset effect, the cooling mechanism cools the speed reducing device.

[0007] Preferably, the early warning device is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, which are evenly arranged at various positions of the speed reducer, and the temperature sensors are electrically connected with the cooling mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the cooling mechanism is provided with a cooling cavity, which is communicated with the speed reducer and contains cooling liquid.

[0009] Preferably, the lubricating mechanism is provided with a lubricating cavity, which is communicated with the speed reducer and contains lubricating liquid.

[0010] Optionally, the lubricating cavity is provided with a liquid delivery pump, and a plurality of delivery pipes are connected to the output end of the liquid delivery pump, and the delivery pipes are evenly inserted into various positions of the speed reducer.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling cavity is provided with an electric valve, which is electrically connected with the temperature sensors.

[0012] Preferably, the cooling mechanism is further provided with a central controller, which is electrically connected with the temperature sensors, the electric valve and the liquid delivery pump.

[0013] Preferably, the cooling liquid is liquid carbon dioxide.

[0014] The technical scheme of the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the technical scheme of the utility model can realize real-time monitoring of the temperature inside the speed reducer through the early warning device, and when the temperature exceeds the preset value, the cooling mechanism and the lubricating mechanism are controlled to cool the inside of the speed reducer, so as to prevent the high-speed rotation of the gear and the heat generated by friction, so that the temperature of the inner cavity will be significantly increased, the viscosity of the lubricating oil will be reduced, the flowability will be enhanced, the oxidation and deterioration of the lubricating oil will be accelerated, the lubricating performance will be reduced, and even the oil film will be broken, resulting in lubrication failure, and continuous temperature rise will cause problems such as deterioration of the viscosity of the lubricating oil, accelerated aging of the sealing element, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from the structure shown in the drawings without creative labor.

[0016] Fig. 1 It is an overall structure schematic view of the automatic cooling and lubricating speed reducer according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0017] Fig. 2 It is a section view of an automatic cooling lubrication speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0019] The reference signs are: 1, motor; 2, speed reducer; 3, early warning device; 4, central controller; 31, cooling cavity; 32, lubricating cavity; 33, temperature sensor; 311, electric valve; 321, liquid delivery pump; 322, delivery pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0021] It should be noted that all the directionality indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directionality indications also change accordingly.

[0022] In addition, the technical solutions in each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that the combination of the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art. When the combination of the technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of the technical solutions does not exist, and is not within the protection scope required by the present application.

[0023] The present application provides an automatic cooling lubrication speed reducer.

[0024] For example, Figs. 1-2As shown in the utility model one embodiment, the automatic cooling lubricating speed reducer, including motor 1 and speed reducer 2, further including early warning device 3, early warning device 3 includes temperature early warning mechanism and cooling mechanism and lubricating mechanism, wherein temperature early warning mechanism can be inlaid in multiple temperature sensors 33 of speed reducer 2, can also be thermometer, temperature early warning mechanism is arranged in speed reducer 2 for detecting the temperature inside speed reducer 2, and cooling mechanism can be air cooling device, can also be chemical cooling device, its technology is prior art, here too much repetition, lubricating mechanism can be automatic oiler, structure can be extracted lubricating fluid by oil pump and is transported to speed reducer 2 everywhere by delivery pipe 322 to realize, cooling mechanism and lubricating mechanism are all arranged in one side of speed reducer 2 and are communicated with speed reducer 2, when temperature early warning mechanism reaches preset effect, cooling mechanism cools speed reducer 2, lubricating mechanism sprays lubricating fluid and lubricates and cools.

[0025] Preferably, early warning mechanism is equipped with multiple temperature sensors 33, temperature sensor 33 can monitor temperature in real time, temperature sensor 33 is evenly arranged at various places of speed reducer 2, and is electrically connected with cooling mechanism, so as to realize temperature monitoring of each part inside speed reducer 2.

[0026] Preferably, cooling mechanism is equipped with cooling cavity 31, cooling cavity 31 is communicated with speed reducer 2, cooling cavity 31 is equipped with cooling liquid, and cooling is rapidly carried out by cooling liquid.

[0027] Preferably, lubricating mechanism is equipped with lubricating cavity 32, lubricating cavity 32 is communicated with speed reducer 2, and lubricating cavity 32 is equipped with lubricating liquid.

[0028] Preferably, liquid delivery pump 321 is arranged in lubricating cavity 32, a plurality of delivery pipes 322 are connected to the output end of liquid delivery pump 321, and the ends of the delivery pipes 322 away from the output end of liquid delivery pump 321 are evenly inserted into various parts of speed reducer 2.

[0029] Preferably, cooling cavity 31 is equipped with electric valve 311, electric valve 311 is electrically connected with temperature sensor 33, and the delivery of cooling liquid is controlled by electric valve 311.

[0030] Preferably, cooling mechanism is also equipped with central controller 4, central controller 4 is electrically connected with temperature sensor 33, electric valve 311 and liquid delivery pump 321, and the use of lubricating liquid and cooling liquid can be controlled separately by central controller 4, when the temperature reaches the preset value, first control liquid delivery pump 321 to deliver lubricating liquid, if the temperature does not decrease, then open electric valve 311 to cool quickly.

[0031] Preferably, the cooling liquid is liquid carbon dioxide, which cools quickly and is convenient to replace.

[0032] Specifically, the working principle and use process of the utility model are as follows: the early warning device 3 is used for monitoring the temperature inside the speed reducer 2 in real time, when the temperature exceeds the preset value, the cooling mechanism and the lubricating mechanism are controlled to cool the inside of the speed reducer 2, the high-speed rotation of the gear is prevented, and the heat generated by friction is prevented, so that the temperature in the inner cavity is significantly increased, in the high-temperature environment, the viscosity of the lubricating oil is reduced, the fluidity is enhanced, the oxidation of the lubricating oil is accelerated, the lubricating performance is reduced, and even the oil film is broken, resulting in lubrication failure, and continuous temperature rise will cause problems such as lubricating oil viscosity deterioration, sealing element aging acceleration and the like.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the driving motor adopts an IP55 protection grade three-phase asynchronous motor, is rigidly connected with the input shaft of the speed reducer through a shaft coupling, the speed reducer is a three-stage helical gear reducer box, the box body is cast by HT250 cast iron, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged inside to improve the structural rigidity, the early warning device is integrated on the top cover of the speed reducer box, and comprises: a temperature early warning mechanism composed of four PT100 platinum resistance temperature sensors embedded in the bearing seat, the high-speed gear meshing area, the oil pool bottom and the box side wall respectively; a cooling mechanism: adopting a split design, the cooling module is installed on the right side of the speed reducer box through a flange, and is communicated with the oil channel inside the box through a quick-change connector. When any one of the temperature sensors detects that the temperature exceeds 85 DEG C, the PLC controller triggers the cooling mechanism to start forced cooling circulation. At this time, the cooling liquid pump works at the rated flow, and the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve is automatically adjusted according to the temperature rise gradient.

[0034] Optionally, the early warning device can also be changed to an external type, the sensor probe is tightly attached to the outer surface of the box body through heat-conducting silicone grease, and the cooling mechanism can adopt a combined design of air cooling and water cooling, heat dissipation fins are additionally arranged on the side surface of the box body, and an axial flow fan is configured.

[0035] The temperature sensor selects a DS18B20 digital single bus sensor, the probe of which is packaged in a 304 stainless steel sheath and is installed in the temperature measuring hole of the high-speed shaft bearing seat of the speed reducer box through a thread.

[0036] The signal processing circuit comprises: a signal conditioning module: converting the PWM signal output by the sensor into a 4-20mA standard current signal; a comparator circuit: presetting two comparison threshold values (T1=75 DEG C, T2=90 DEG C), when the temperature is greater than or equal to T1, a low level is output to trigger the lubricating pump to speed up, and when the temperature is greater than or equal to T2, the cooling system is started

[0037] The cooling cavity: the volume is 2L, 40% ethylene glycol aqueous solution is stored, and a spiral copper pipe is arranged inside the cavity to strengthen heat exchange, and G1 / 2" internal thread joints are arranged at the inlet and outlet.

[0038] The lubricating cavity: the volume is 2L, ISO VG320 synthetic gear oil is stored, and a magnetic grid type liquid level sensor is arranged at the bottom of the cavity to monitor the oil amount.

[0039] Isolation design: The two chambers are separated by a 3mm thick 316L stainless steel partition, and the edges of the partition are sealed with fluororubber O-rings to ensure zero cross-contamination of the media.

[0040] The lubrication chamber can also be replaced with a grease chamber, equipped with a plunger-type grease pump to achieve timed and metered lubrication.

[0041] The heat exchange efficiency is improved by 30% by changing the coolant to a nanofluid (such as Al2O3-water nanofluid).

[0042] The liquid transfer pump is a miniature internal gear pump with a rated flow rate of 0.5L / min, equipped with a variable frequency motor to achieve stepless flow rate adjustment from 50% to 200%.

[0043] Injection piping design:

[0044] Main oil circuit: φ6mm polytetrafluoroethylene hose, with a fan-shaped atomizing nozzle at the end, facing the high-speed gear meshing area.

[0045] Branch line: φ4mm copper pipe, spraying grease into the roller clearance of the bearing housing.

[0046] Control strategy: When the temperature rises to 70℃, the pump speed is increased to 120%; when it reaches 85℃, it switches to full flow mode.

[0047] The electric valve adopts a proportional solenoid valve with a valve body diameter of DN15, a response time of <50ms, and the opening degree is controlled by a PWM signal.

[0048] Control logic:

[0049] When the temperature range is 85-95℃, the valve opening is linearly adjusted according to (current temperature - 85) / 10.

[0050] When the temperature is above 95℃, the valve is fully open and the coolant flow rate reaches its maximum value of 12L / min.

[0051] Safety redundancy: A mechanical temperature control valve is installed in parallel as a secondary protection, which automatically opens when the temperature exceeds 105℃.

[0052] Actual test data: Under continuous full load conditions, the system can stably control the gearbox oil temperature at 88±3℃, which saves 27% energy compared to the traditional structure.

[0053] The central controller uses a Siemens S7-1200 PLC, which integrates:

[0054] Analog input module: Acquires 4 channels of temperature signals (16-bit resolution).

[0055] Digital output module: controls the lubrication pump inverter (Modbus RTU protocol) and cooling valve (PWM output).

[0056] Control program:

[0057] IF Temp<75 THEN

[0058] Pump_Speed := 50%;

[0059] Valve_Open := 0%;

[0060] ELSIF Temp>=75 AND Temp<90 THEN

[0061] Pump_Speed := 50% + (Temp-75)*2%;

[0062] Valve_Open := (Temp-75)*5%;

[0063] ELSE

[0064] Pump_Speed := 100%;

[0065] Valve_Open := 100%;

[0066] Trigger_Alarm();

[0067] END_IF

[0068] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the patent range of the present application, and any equivalent structural transformation made by using the present application specification and the attached drawings, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection range of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic cooling and lubrication reducer, comprising a motor (1) and a reduction gear (2), characterized in that, It also includes an early warning device (3), which includes a temperature early warning mechanism, a cooling mechanism, and a lubrication mechanism. The temperature early warning mechanism is located inside the deceleration device (2), and the cooling mechanism and the lubrication mechanism are located on one side of the deceleration device (2) and connected to the deceleration device (2). When the early warning mechanism reaches the preset effect, the cooling mechanism cools down the deceleration device (2).

2. The automatic cooling and lubrication reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The warning mechanism is equipped with multiple temperature sensors (33), which are evenly distributed at various locations of the deceleration device (2). The temperature sensors (33) are electrically connected to the cooling mechanism and the lubrication mechanism.

3. The automatic cooling and lubrication reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling mechanism is provided with a cooling chamber (31), which is connected to the deceleration device (2) and is filled with coolant.

4. The automatic cooling and lubrication reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The coolant is liquid carbon dioxide.

5. The automatic cooling and lubrication reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cooling chamber (31) is equipped with an electric valve (311), which is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (33).

6. The automatic cooling and lubrication reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lubrication mechanism is provided with a lubrication chamber (32), which is connected to the deceleration device (2) and is filled with lubricating fluid.

7. The automatic cooling and lubrication reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lubrication chamber (32) is equipped with a liquid delivery pump (321). The output end of the liquid delivery pump (321) is connected to multiple delivery pipes (322). The end of the delivery pipes (322) away from the liquid delivery pump (321) is evenly inserted into various parts of the deceleration device (2).

8. The automatic cooling and lubrication reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cooling mechanism is also equipped with a central controller (4), which is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (33), the electric valve (311), and the liquid transfer pump (321).

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