Switching device and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a switching device and an energy storage system, the switching device is used for a charging and discharging circuit, the charging and discharging circuit comprises a main loop and a pre-charging circuit, and the main loop comprises at least two branch circuits; comprising first switches respectively arranged corresponding to each branch, and each first switch is respectively used for being connected to the corresponding branch; and the second switch is used for being connected with the pre-charging circuit in parallel, and the second switch is also used for being connected with one of the first switches in series on the branch where the first switch is located. The switching device provided by the utility model has the advantages of fewer devices, simpler structure and control logic, lower cost and reduced occupied space while satisfying the control function of the charging and discharging circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of switch technology, and in particular to a switch device and energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] In current energy storage systems, each battery cluster has a high-voltage box to control the charging and discharging of the batteries. The operating voltage of these high-voltage boxes varies from 1000VDC to 2000VDC, and the operating current ranges from 200A to 400A. A high-voltage box typically includes a disconnect switch, two main contactors, and a pre-charge circuit contactor with a series resistor. Short-circuit protection for the positive and negative terminals is provided by fuses, and current monitoring is achieved by Hall effect sensors.

[0003] Traditional high-voltage box electrical circuit control switches use a scheme of 2 high-voltage DC contactors (main positive and main negative) + 1 pre-charge contactor + disconnector. This requires more components, more installation space, is cumbersome to assemble, and has relatively complex control logic.

[0004] To address this, a new type of high-voltage box has emerged, integrating the functions of the switchgear in a traditional high-voltage box, comprising only two main contactors and two pre-charge contactors, thus reducing size and cost. However, connecting the pre-charge contactors in parallel with the main contactors means that both the pre-charge contactors and main contactors must simultaneously possess isolation capabilities for operating voltages of 1000VDC to 2000VDC. Due to space constraints, the electrical clearance of the pre-charge contactors is difficult to meet safety regulations. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing a switching device and energy storage system. Through structural improvements, it satisfies the charging and discharging circuit control function while simplifying the structure, reducing costs, and meeting safety requirements.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a switching device for a charging and discharging circuit, the charging and discharging circuit including a main circuit and a pre-charging circuit, the main circuit including at least two branches; including:

[0007] Each branch is equipped with a first switch, and each first switch is used to connect to the corresponding branch.

[0008] The second switch is used to be connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit, and the second switch is also used to be connected in series with one of the first switches on the branch where one of the first switches is located.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the first switches are linked together to close or open synchronously; the system also includes a first drive mechanism for driving the first switches to close or open, and a second drive mechanism for driving the second switches to close or open.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a third switch is further included, which is connected in series with the pre-charging circuit; the opening and closing state of the third switch is opposite to that of the second switch, and the third switch is driven by the second driving mechanism to close or open.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the second drive mechanism includes an electromagnetic component, which, when the armature of the electromagnetic component switches between the attracted and released states, connects or disconnects the second switch and the third switch.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the first drive mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a motor for providing rotational driving force to the rotating shaft. The first switch includes a first moving contact, a first stationary contact, and an actuator. The rotating shaft rotates in conjunction with the actuator, causing the actuator to drive the first moving contact to contact or separate from the first stationary contact.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the rotating shaft can be manually driven to rotate, and the first driving mechanism further includes a control component for controlling whether the circuit containing the motor is turned on or off; the control component includes a control switch connected in series with the motor, which is driven to close or open by a control element, and the control element can be operated.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the first drive mechanism further includes an energy storage component. The rotating shaft stores energy by rotating in conjunction with the energy storage component. The energy storage component releases the stored energy to drive the actuator to rotate, thereby closing or opening the first switch.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the rotating shaft is provided with a driving wheel, the actuator includes a driven wheel, and the energy storage assembly includes an energy storage drive wheel and at least one movable component. The movable component includes a movable rod, a push rod, and an energy storage spring. The energy storage drive wheel is located between the driving wheel and the driven wheel. The push rod is located on the energy storage drive wheel, and one end of the push rod is adapted to slide into a first arc-shaped hole provided on the driving wheel, while the other end of the push rod is adapted to slide into a second arc-shaped hole provided on the driven wheel. The movable rod is rotatably and slidably disposed on a fixed seat located outside the energy storage drive wheel, and one end of the movable rod is movably connected to the push rod. The energy storage spring is sleeved on the movable rod and cooperates between the push rod and the fixed seat.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the actuator includes a contact support, two first stationary contacts are provided, and a first movable contact is provided on the contact support and rotates together with the contact support, so that the two ends of the first movable contact respectively contact or separate from the two first stationary contacts;

[0017] The second switch includes a second moving contact and a second stationary contact that cooperate with each other, wherein the second stationary contact is integrally formed with or electrically connected to one of the first stationary contacts.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, a third switch is further included, which is connected in series with the pre-charging circuit, and the opening and closing state of the third switch is opposite to that of the second switch; the third switch includes a third moving contact, which is in contact with or separate from the second stationary contact, or the third switch includes a third stationary contact and a third moving contact, wherein the third moving contact is disposed in one of the third stationary contact and the second stationary contact, and is closed or open with the other of the third stationary contact and the second stationary contact.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the second drive mechanism includes an electromagnetic component and a pusher, wherein the armature of the electromagnetic component is connected to the second moving contact and the third moving contact via the pusher.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the first switch is provided with an arc-extinguishing structure, which includes an arc-extinguishing chamber and is provided with a permanent magnet and / or an arc-extinguishing grid.

[0021] It also includes a housing, and the first switch, the second switch, the first drive mechanism, and the second drive mechanism are respectively disposed inside the housing.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a first auxiliary switch for indicating the open / closed state of the first switch, the first auxiliary switch being driven by the first moving contact or actuator to close or open; a second auxiliary switch for indicating the open / closed state of the second switch, the first auxiliary switch being driven by the second drive mechanism to close or open; and a third auxiliary switch for controlling the timing of stopping the motor, the third auxiliary switch being driven by the actuator to close or open.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a main control board, which controls the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism to coordinate their actions so that when the main circuit needs to be connected, the first switch and the second switch are closed sequentially, and when the main circuit needs to be disconnected, the first switch and the second switch are disconnected synchronously, or the first switch and the second switch are disconnected sequentially.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, there are two branches, namely a main positive branch and a main negative branch; a pre-charging resistor is connected to the pre-charging branch; there are two first switches, one of which is connected to the main positive branch and the other of which is connected to the main negative branch.

[0025] This utility model also provides an energy storage system, including a charging and discharging circuit, which includes a main circuit and a pre-charging circuit. The main circuit includes at least two branches. It also includes a switching device as described in this utility model above, wherein the second switch is connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit and is connected in series with one of the first switches on the branch corresponding to the first switch; the remaining first switches are respectively connected on their corresponding branches.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The switching device of this utility model includes a first switch and a second switch. While fulfilling the control function of the charging and discharging circuit, it requires fewer components, has a simpler structure and control logic, lower cost, and reduces space occupation. In particular, the second switch of this utility model is connected in series with one of the first switches, so that the electrical distance between the second switch and the first switch can be less than that between the first switches. Therefore, the second switch can be driven by a simpler driving mechanism, which helps to reduce technical difficulty, improve operational reliability, and further reduce overall size and cost.

[0028] 2. As a preferred option, the first switches are linked together, allowing them to detect each other's faults, avoiding safety issues caused by operating with faults, and enabling all first switches to be driven by the same drive mechanism (i.e., the first drive mechanism). Specifically, the first drive mechanism includes the aforementioned rotating shaft and a motor, utilizing the motor's large stroke characteristics to achieve the large actuation stroke requirements of the first switches and switch AA, thereby ensuring that the electrical distance between the first switches in the open state meets the specified safety isolation distance.

[0029] 3. This utility model further includes a third switch, which is connected in series with the pre-charging circuit. The opening and closing states of the third switch are opposite to those of the second switch, allowing the utility model to disconnect the pre-charging circuit when the main circuit is closed, thereby avoiding energy consumption by shunting the pre-charging circuit. Preferably, both the third switch and the second switch are driven by the second drive mechanism, making the overall structure simpler and further simplifying the control logic.

[0030] 4. The rotating shaft of the first drive mechanism can be driven by human power, which makes it convenient for staff to carry out on-site inspection and maintenance. In particular, the first drive mechanism also includes a control component for controlling whether the circuit where the motor is located is on or off, so that when the staff performs on-site manual operation, the control component can be used to lock the motor to prevent the motor from being accidentally powered on, thereby making the on-site manual operation safer and more reliable.

[0031] 6. The energy storage component enables the present invention to achieve instantaneous connection and disconnection of the main switch, avoiding the adverse effects of long contact arc burning time caused by slow motor operation speed.

[0032] 7. This utility model integrates the first switch, the second switch, the first drive mechanism, and the second drive mechanism into a single housing, making the overall structure simpler, easier to transport, and easier to connect.

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; however, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of the switching device of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the switching device of this utility model. Figure 1 (Reflecting on a local aspect)

[0036] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the switching device of this utility model. Figure 2 (Reflecting on a local aspect);

[0037] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first switch, energy storage component, rotating shaft, etc. of this utility model in a combined state;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the energy storage component of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the energy storage component of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the energy storage component of this utility model. Figure 3 ;

[0041] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the second switch, the third switch, and the second drive mechanism of this utility model;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the second switch, the third switch, and the second drive mechanism of this utility model;

[0043] Figure 10 This is a top view (showing a part) of the switching device of this utility model;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the switching device of this utility model. Figure 3 ;

[0045] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the switching device of this utility model. Figure 4 ;

[0046] In the diagram, 1. Main switch; 11 / 12. First switch; 13. Contact support; 14. First moving contact; 15. Contact spring; 16. First stationary contact; 17. Driven wheel; 171. Second arc-shaped hole; 2. Second switch; 21. Second stationary contact; 22. Second moving contact; 23. Reaction spring; 24. Contact lead-out foot; 25. Flexible conductive element; 3. Battery pack; 4. Power inverter system; 5. Main control board; 6. First drive mechanism; 61. Rotating shaft; 611. Operating hole 611; 62. Motor; 63. Worm gear; 64. Turbine; 65. First gear; 66. Drive wheel; 661. First arc-shaped hole; 67. 68. Control switch; 681. Operating lever; 69. Energy storage component; 691. Energy storage drive wheel; 692. Movable rod; 693. Energy storage spring; 694. Push rod; 695. Fixed base; 7. Second drive mechanism; 71. Coil frame; 72. Coil; 73. Iron core; 74. Armature; 75. Yoke; 76. Restoring spring; 77. Pushing clip; 8. Third switch; 81. Third stationary contact; 82. Third moving contact; 9. Arc extinguishing chamber; 10. First auxiliary switch; 20. Second auxiliary switch; 30. Drive rod; 40. Housing; 401. First clearance hole; 402. Elongated hole; 50. Elastic element. Detailed Implementation

[0047] In this invention, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used only to distinguish similar objects, not to describe a specific order or sequence, nor should they be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0048] Please see Figures 1-12As shown, this utility model discloses a switching device for a charging and discharging circuit in an energy storage system. The charging and discharging circuit includes a main circuit and a pre-charging circuit. The main circuit includes at least two branches. The main circuit carries a high current, while the pre-charging circuit carries a low current. The high current is the rated operating current, typically greater than or equal to 100A, but not limited to this. The low current is less than the rated operating current, typically less than 100A, but not limited to this. The switching device of this utility model includes:

[0049] A first switch is provided for each main branch, and the first switch is used to connect to the corresponding branch; and,

[0050] The second switch 2 is used to be connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit, and the second switch 2 is also used to be connected in series with one of the first switches on the branch where one of the first switches is located.

[0051] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the main circuit has two branches: a main positive branch and a main negative branch. The main positive branch connects the positive terminal of the battery pack 3 in the energy storage system to the positive terminal of the power inverter system 4, and the main negative branch connects the negative terminal of the battery pack 3 to the negative terminal of the power inverter system 4. A pre-charging resistor R1 is connected to the pre-charging circuit. There are two first switches, 11 and 12, which together form the main switch 1. In other embodiments, the main circuit is an AC return circuit, in which case there are two or more branches.

[0052] Each of the first switches 11 is linked to be closed or opened synchronously. The following description mainly uses one of the first switches 11 as an example. This utility model also includes a first drive mechanism 6 for driving the main switch 1 to close or open, and a second drive mechanism 7 for driving the second switch 2 to close or open. This utility model also includes a main control board 5, which controls the coordinated operation of the first drive mechanism 6 and the second drive mechanism 7 so that when the main circuit needs to be connected, each of the first switches and the second switch 2 closes sequentially, and when the main circuit needs to be disconnected, each of the first switches and the second switch 2 opens synchronously, or opens sequentially.

[0053] Furthermore, this utility model also includes a third switch 8, which is connected in series with the pre-charging circuit to control whether the pre-charging circuit is disconnected. The opening and closing states of the third switch 8 are opposite to those of the second switch 2, and the third switch 8 is driven by the second driving mechanism 7 to achieve connection or disconnection. Specifically, the third switch 8 and the second switch 2 are partially shared, and the second switch 2 and the third switch 8 share the same second driving mechanism 7. As a preferred embodiment, the second driving mechanism 7 includes an electromagnetic component, which, when the armature of the electromagnetic component switches between the attracting and releasing states, links the second switch 2 and the third switch 8 to connect or disconnect.

[0054] The aforementioned first drive mechanism 6 includes a rotating shaft 61 and a motor 62 for providing rotational driving force to the rotating shaft 61. The rotating shaft 61 is switched on or off via a rotational linkage with a first switch 11. Specifically, the first switch 11 / 12 includes a first moving contact 14, a first stationary contact 16, and an actuator. The rotating shaft 61 rotates in conjunction with the actuator, causing the actuator to drive the first moving contact 14 to contact or separate from the first stationary contact 16. The motor 62 is specifically connected to the rotating shaft 61 via a gear transmission assembly. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the gear transmission assembly includes a worm 63, a worm wheel 64, a first gear 65, and a second gear. The worm 63 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the motor 62. The worm wheel 64 is rotatably mounted, and its axis is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 61. The worm wheel 64 meshes with the worm 63. The first gear 65 is coaxially connected to the worm wheel 64, and the second gear is coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 61, with the first gear 65 meshing with the second gear. The motor 62 and the coil 72 of the electromagnetic assembly are electrically connected to the main control board 5, which controls whether the motor 62 and the coil 72 are energized. The main control board 5 can be connected to a battery management system to control whether the motor 62 and the coil 72 are energized based on signals from the battery management system. Furthermore, the rotating shaft 61 can be manually driven to rotate, allowing the main switch 1 of this invention to be manually operated. The first drive mechanism 6 also includes a control component for controlling whether the circuit containing the motor 62 is on or off. This allows personnel to lock the motor 62 during manual operation, preventing accidental energization and making manual operation safer and more reliable. Specifically, the control component includes a control switch 67 connected in series with the motor 62. This control switch 67 is driven to close or open by a control element 68, which is operable. Thus, when on-site maintenance is required, personnel can disconnect the circuit of the motor 62 using the control switch 67, preventing accidental energization and the activation of the main switch 1. In this embodiment, the control switch 67 is specifically a microswitch, and the control element 68 is slidably configured, triggering or releasing the control switch 67 by sliding it.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the first drive mechanism 6 further includes an energy storage component 69. The rotating shaft 61 stores energy by rotating in conjunction with the energy storage component 69, and the energy storage component 69 drives the main switch 1 to close or open by releasing the stored energy. The provision of the energy storage component 69 enables the present invention to achieve instantaneous connection and disconnection of the main switch 1, avoiding the adverse effects of long contact arc burning time caused by the slow running speed of the motor 62.

[0056] like Figure 4As shown, a drive wheel 66 is provided on the rotating shaft 61. This drive wheel 66 is the same as the second gear mentioned above, but it is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the drive wheel 66 and the second gear are separate from each other. The actuator includes a driven wheel 17, and the energy storage assembly 69 includes an energy storage drive wheel 691 and at least one movable component. The movable component includes a movable rod 692, a push rod 694, and an energy storage spring 693. The energy storage drive wheel 691 is located between the drive wheel 66 and the driven wheel 17. The drive wheel 66 has a first arc-shaped hole 661 concentrically arranged with the movable component, and the driven wheel 17 has a second arc-shaped hole 141 concentrically arranged with the movable component. The push rod 694 is located on the energy storage drive wheel. 691, and one end of the push rod 694 is adapted to slide into the first arc-shaped hole 661 provided in the drive wheel 66, and the other end of the push rod 694 is adapted to slide into the second arc-shaped hole 171 provided in the driven wheel 17; the movable rod 692 is rotatably and slidably disposed on a fixed seat 695 located outside the energy storage drive wheel 691, and one end of the movable rod 692 is movably connected to the push rod 694, and the energy storage spring 693 is fitted onto the movable rod 692 and cooperates between the push rod 694 and the fixed seat. In this embodiment, there are two movable parts, which are located on opposite sides of the energy storage drive wheel 691, and correspondingly, there are two first arc-shaped holes 661 and two second arc-shaped holes 171.

[0057] Therefore, when the shaft 61 rotates, it drives the energy storage drive wheel 691 to rotate, causing the energy storage spring 693 to store energy. When the energy storage spring 693 releases its stored energy, it drives the driven wheel 17 to rotate, thereby closing or opening the main switch 1, that is, causing the first moving contact 14 to contact or separate from the first stationary contact 16. Specifically, the detailed working process of the energy storage component 69 is as follows:

[0058] The drive wheel 66 rotates along the closing direction of the main switch 1 with the rotating shaft 61 (taking clockwise as an example). When one end of the first arc-shaped hole 661 on the drive wheel 66 abuts against the push rod 694 (as shown in the example)... Figure 5 As shown, as the driving wheel 66 continues to rotate, it drives the energy storage drive wheel 691 to rotate as well. This causes the movable rod 692 to be pushed and rotate, moving outward from the energy storage drive wheel 691, and compressing the energy storage spring 693 to achieve energy storage. Figure 5 As shown; next, the drive wheel 66 continues to drive the energy storage drive wheel 691 to rotate a small angle until the movable rod 692 rotates to the position where the energy storage spring 693 releases the stored energy, as shown. Figure 6 As shown; during this process, the push rod 694 slides along the second arc-shaped hole 171 of the driven wheel 17, and the driven wheel 17 remains stationary. When the movable rod 692 rotates to the position that releases the stored energy of the energy storage spring 693, the energy storage spring 693 on the movable rod 692 releases the stored energy, pushing the energy storage drive wheel 691 to rotate rapidly in the direction of the main switch 1 closing, as shown. Figure 7As shown, the energy storage drive wheel 691 drives the driven wheel 17 to rotate together, thereby closing the main switch 1. During the process of the energy storage spring 693 releasing stored energy, the drive wheel 66 will continue to rotate until the main switch 1 is closed. However, the rotation speed of the drive wheel 66 is less than the speed of the energy storage drive wheel 691, and there is a free stroke between them. Therefore, the rotation of the drive wheel 66 will not affect the rotation of the energy storage drive wheel 691.

[0059] The drive wheel 66 rotates with the shaft 61 in the direction where the main switch 1 is off. When the other end of the first arc-shaped hole 661 on the drive wheel 66 hits the push rod 694, as the drive wheel 66 continues to rotate, the drive wheel 66 drives the energy storage drive wheel 691 to rotate together, thereby pushing the movable rod 692 to rotate and move outward of the energy storage drive wheel 691, and compressing the energy storage spring 693 to achieve energy storage. Then, the drive wheel 66 continues to drive the energy storage drive wheel 691 to rotate a small angle until the movable rod 692 rotates to the position where the energy storage spring 693 releases the stored energy. During this process, the push rod 694 slides along the second arc-shaped hole 141 of the driven wheel 14, and the driven wheel 14 remains stationary. When the movable lever 692 rotates to the position where the energy storage spring 693 releases its stored energy, the energy storage spring 693 on the movable lever 692 releases its stored energy, pushing the energy storage drive wheel 691 to rotate rapidly in the direction where the main switch 1 is disconnected. The energy storage drive wheel 691 drives the driven wheel 17 to rotate together, thereby realizing the disconnection of the main switch 1.

[0060] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the actuator also includes a contact support 13. Two first stationary contacts 16 are provided, located on opposite sides of the contact support 12. A first moving contact 14 is mounted on the contact support 13 and rotates with it, causing the two ends of the moving contact 14 to close or open with the two first stationary contacts 16 respectively. The contact supports 13 of each first switch are coaxially connected, allowing them to rotate synchronously. The driven wheel 17 is coaxially connected to the contact support 13 of the first switch 11, causing it to drive the two contact supports 13 to rotate synchronously.

[0061] Furthermore, there are two first moving contacts 14, which are arranged side by side along the rotation axis of the contact support 13 and have a gap between them. The natural gap between the two first moving contacts 14 is slightly smaller than the width of the part of the first stationary contact 16 that is used to contact the first moving contact 14. At least one first moving contact 14 is provided with a contact spring 15 between it and the contact support 13. When the main switch 1 is closed, it causes the two first stationary contacts 14 to elastically open and clamp the first stationary contact 16.

[0062] like Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, the second switch 2 includes a second moving contact 22 and a second stationary contact 21 that cooperate with each other. The second stationary contact 21 is integrally formed with one of the first stationary contacts 16, thereby realizing the series connection of the second switch 2 and the first switch 11, and achieving the purpose of reducing parts and reducing costs. In other embodiments, the second stationary contact 21 is electrically connected to one of the first stationary contacts 16 (specifically, one of the first stationary contacts 16 of the first switch 11 is used as an example). As a preferred embodiment, the second moving contact 22 adopts a short-circuit resistant structure: one end of the second moving contact 22 is rotatably connected to one end of a contact lead 24, and a flexible conductive element 25 is electrically connected between the two. The other end of the second moving contact 22 is used to cooperate with the second stationary contact 21, and a reaction spring 23 is provided on the side of the second moving contact 22 facing the contact lead 24.

[0063] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the third switch 8 includes a third stationary contact 81 and a third moving contact 82. The third moving contact 82 is disposed between the third stationary contact 81 and the second stationary contact 21, and is closed or opened with the other of the two contactes. Specifically, in this embodiment, the third moving contact 82 is disposed on the second stationary contact 21 and cooperates with it. The third moving contact 82 is a moving spring, one end of which is fixed to the second stationary contact 21 by welding or riveting, and the other end has a moving contact for closing or opening with the third stationary contact 81. In other embodiments, the third switch includes a third moving contact that contacts or separates from the second stationary contact of the second switch. Therefore, the switch assembly consisting of the second and third switches has two moving contacts, which facilitates the separate design of two moving contacts according to the different current carrying capacities of the two circuits being switched. In other embodiments, the switch assembly consisting of the second and third switches uses a conventional changeover switch instead of the existing one.

[0064] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the second drive mechanism 7 includes an electromagnetic component and a pusher 77. The armature 74 of the electromagnetic component is connected to the second moving contact 22, the third moving contact 82, and the reaction spring 23 via the pusher 77, so as to drive the second switch 2 and the third switch 8 to operate respectively. In addition to the armature 74, the electromagnetic component also includes a coil frame 71 with a coil 72 wound on it, the armature 74, the yoke 75, the iron core 73, and the restoring spring 76. The iron core 73 is inserted into the shaft hole of the coil frame 71. The yoke 75 is L-shaped, with one side fixedly connected to one end of the iron core 73 and the other side located outside the coil frame 71. The armature 74 is rotatably set at the knife edge on the other side of the yoke 75 by the restoring spring 76. The armature 74 is L-shaped, with one side used to magnetically engage with the other end of the iron core 73 and the other side connected to the pusher 77 to drive the pusher 77 to operate.

[0065] Each first switch is provided with an arc extinguishing structure. Specifically, the arc extinguishing structure includes an arc extinguishing chamber 9 provided at the part where each first stationary contact 16 contacts the first moving contact 14. The arc extinguishing chamber 9 is provided with a permanent magnet and / or an arc extinguishing grid.

[0066] This invention also includes a first auxiliary switch 10 for indicating the open / closed state of the main switch 1. The first auxiliary switch 10 is linked to the first switch 11. Specifically, the first auxiliary switch 10 is driven by a first moving contact 14 or an actuator to achieve closure or opening. This invention also includes a second auxiliary switch 20 for indicating the open / closed state of the second switch 2. The second auxiliary switch 20 is driven by a second driving mechanism 7. Specifically, as... Figure 10 As shown, the first auxiliary switch 10 and the second auxiliary switch 20 are microswitches, and the first auxiliary switch 10 cooperates with the first moving contact 14 via a drive rod 30: the first auxiliary switch 10 is triggered by the rotatably configured drive rod 30 to close or open. The drive rod 30 is driven to rotate when the first moving contact 14 rotates in the opening direction, and the drive rod 30 is reset by its reset element to release the first auxiliary switch 10. Specifically, the first auxiliary switch 10 is triggered to close by the drive rod 30. The drive rod 9 is driven to rotate when the first moving contact 14 rotates in the opening direction. The reset element includes an elastic element 50. When the first moving contact 14 rotates in the closing direction, it releases the drive rod 30. The drive rod 30 is reset under the elastic force of the elastic element 10, thereby releasing the first auxiliary switch 10 and opening it. The second auxiliary switch 20 is driven by the aforementioned push card 77 to close or open. This utility model also includes a third auxiliary switch (not shown in the figure) for controlling the timing of the operation and stop of the motor 62. This third auxiliary switch is driven by the aforementioned actuator to close or open. Specifically, the third auxiliary switch is electrically connected to the main control board 5 and is driven by the driven wheel 17 of the actuator, which is a cam structure.

[0067] like Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, this utility model also includes a housing 40. The aforementioned first switch 11, switch AA12, second switch 2, first drive mechanism 6, second drive mechanism 7, main control board 5, etc., are respectively disposed inside the housing 40. The other first stationary contact 16 of the first switch 11, the two first stationary contacts 16 of the other first switch 12, the contact lead-out foot 24 of the second switch 2, and the third stationary contact 81 of the third switch 8 are partially extended outside the housing 40 for easy application connection. To achieve stable installation, a support frame 60 is provided inside the housing 40 (e.g., Figure 2As shown, the support frame 60 serves as the mounting carrier for various switches and / or drive mechanisms. In other embodiments, the main switch 1 and the first drive mechanism 6 are housed in one housing to form an electrically disconnecting switch, while the second switch 2, the third switch 8, and the second drive mechanism 7 are housed in another housing to form a changeover switch. This changeover switch can be replaced by a conventional changeover relay.

[0068] In this embodiment, one end of the rotating shaft 61 is provided with a first operating part, and the housing 40 is provided with a first clearance hole 401 corresponding to the first operating part of the rotating shaft 61; the control member 68 is provided with a second operating part, and the housing 40 is provided with a second clearance hole 402 corresponding to the second operating part. Specifically, as shown... Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, the first operating part of the rotating shaft 61 is an operating hole 611, but it is not limited to this. The operating hole 611 is located inside the housing 40 and corresponds to the first clearance hole 401, which is a round hole. Thus, when the operator performs manual operation, a rotating tool (such as a screwdriver) can be inserted into the operating hole 611 of the rotating shaft 61 through the first clearance hole 51, thereby driving the rotating shaft 61 to rotate. In other embodiments, the first operating part is a knob or handle, which extends outside the housing 401. The second operating part of the control member 68 is an operating lever 681, which passes through the second clearance hole 402. The second clearance hole 402 is a straight elongated hole to facilitate the sliding of the operating lever 681.

[0069] In application, the switching device of this utility model connects the other first stationary contact 16 of one of the first switches 11 and the contact lead 24 of the second switch 2 to the main positive branch, connects the two first stationary contacts 16 of another first switch 12 to the main negative branch, connects the third stationary contact 81 of the third switch 8 to one end of the pre-charging resistor R1, and connects the contact lead 24 of the second switch 2 to the other end of the pre-charging resistor R1.

[0070] When the main circuit needs to be connected, motor 62 starts, driving main switch 1 to close. At this time, second switch 2 is in the open state and third switch 8 is in the closed state. Therefore, the circuit where pre-charge resistor R1 is located is turned on, and the capacitor or similar capacitive load is charged through pre-charge resistor R1. When the current drops to a certain level, the battery management system detects that the voltage difference of the battery pack has reached balance. Then, the coil 72 of the electromagnetic component is energized, closing second switch 2 and opening third switch 8 at the same time, so that the main circuit can work normally. At the same time, the circuit where pre-charge resistor R1 is located is disconnected to avoid shunting and energy consumption.

[0071] When it is necessary to disconnect the main circuit, first disconnect the main switch 1, then disconnect the second switch 2, and close the third switch 8; or, simultaneously disconnect the main switch 1 and the second switch 2, and close the third switch 8.

[0072] Therefore, compared with the prior art, the switching device of this utility model, while fulfilling the battery charging and discharging circuit control function, has fewer components, a simpler structure and control logic, lower cost, and reduced space occupation. In particular, the second switch 2 of this utility model is connected in series with the first switch 11, so that the electrical distance of the second switch 2 can be less than that of the first switch 11. Therefore, the second switch 2 can be driven by a simpler driving mechanism (such as an electromagnetic component), which helps to reduce technical difficulty, improve operational reliability, and further reduce overall size and cost.

[0073] Please see Figures 1-12 As shown, an energy storage system of this utility model includes a charging and discharging circuit, which includes a main circuit and a pre-charging circuit. The main circuit includes at least two branches. It also includes a switching device as described above, wherein a second switch 2 is connected in parallel with the pre-charging circuit and connected in series with one of the first switches 11 on the branch corresponding to one of the first switches 11; the remaining first switches are respectively connected to their corresponding branches. In this embodiment, as... Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage system of this utility model is specifically a battery energy storage system, and the charging and discharging circuit is the battery charging and discharging circuit. The main circuit has two branches, namely the main positive branch and the main negative branch. A pre-charging resistor R1 is connected to the pre-charging circuit; there are two first switches. In other embodiments, the main circuit is an AC return circuit, in which case its branches are set to two or more.

[0074] For details on the structure and working principle of the switching device, please refer to the previous description; it will not be repeated here.

[0075] The present invention relates to a switching device and an energy storage system. The parts not described herein are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies.

[0076] The above embodiments are only used to further illustrate a switching device and energy storage system of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switching device for a charge-discharge circuit, the charge-discharge circuit comprising a main circuit and a pre-charge circuit, the main circuit comprising at least two branches; characterized in that: The application relates to a switch device. The first switch is arranged on each branch, and each first switch is used for being connected to the corresponding branch. The second switch is used for being connected in parallel with the pre-charge circuit and is used for being connected in series with one of the first switches on the branch where the one of the first switches is arranged.

2. The switching device of claim 1, wherein: The first switches are arranged to be synchronously closed or opened.

3. The switching device of claim 2, wherein: The first driving mechanism is used for driving the first switches to be closed or opened.

4. A switching device according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that: The third switch is used for being connected in series with the pre-charge circuit.

5. The switching device of claim 2, wherein: The second driving mechanism comprises an electromagnetic assembly.

6. The switching device of claim 5, wherein: The first driving mechanism comprises a rotating shaft and a motor used for providing rotating driving force for the rotating shaft.

7. The switching device of claim 5, wherein: The rotating shaft can be manually rotated.

8. The switching device of claim 7, wherein: The first driving mechanism further comprises a control component used for controlling whether a circuit where the motor is arranged is turned on or not. The control component comprises a control switch connected in series with the motor. The control switch is driven to be closed or opened by a control member. The control member can be operated. The first driving mechanism further comprises an energy storage assembly. The rotating shaft is connected to the energy storage assembly through rotation. The energy storage assembly drives the executing member to rotate to make the first switch be closed or opened. The rotating shaft is provided with a driving wheel. The executing member comprises a driven wheel. The energy storage assembly comprises an energy storage driving wheel and at least one movable component. The movable component comprises a movable rod, a top rod and an energy storage spring. The energy storage driving wheel is located between the driving wheel and the driven wheel. The top rod is arranged on the energy storage driving wheel. One end of the top rod is adapted to be slidably connected to a first arc-shaped hole arranged on the driving wheel. The other end of the top rod is adapted to be slidably connected to a second arc-shaped hole arranged on the driven wheel. The movable rod is rotatably and slidably arranged on a fixed seat located outside the energy storage driving wheel. One end of the movable rod is movably connected to the top rod. The energy storage spring is sleeved on the movable rod and is matched between the top rod and the fixed seat.

9. The switch device according to claim 5, wherein: The executing member comprises a contact support. The first static contact is provided with two first dynamic contacts. The second switch comprises a second dynamic contact and a second static contact matched with each other. The second static contact is integrally formed or electrically connected with one of the first static contacts.

10. The switching device of claim 9, wherein: The third switch is used for being connected in series with the pre-charge circuit, and the opening and closing state of the third switch is opposite to the opening and closing state of the second switch; the third switch comprises a third movable contact which is in contact with or separated from the second fixed contact, or the third switch comprises a third fixed contact and a third movable contact, the third movable contact is arranged in one of the third fixed contact and the second fixed contact, and is closed or disconnected with the other one of the third fixed contact and the second fixed contact.

11. The switching device of claim 10, wherein: The second driving mechanism comprises an electromagnetic assembly and a push card, and the armature of the electromagnetic assembly is connected with the second movable contact and the third movable contact through the push card.

12. The switching device of claim 2, wherein: The first switch is provided with an arc extinguishing structure, and the arc extinguishing structure comprises an arc extinguishing chamber provided with a permanent magnet and / or an arc extinguishing grid; The first switch, the second switch, the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism are arranged in the shell.

13. The switching device of claim 5, wherein: The first auxiliary switch is driven by the first movable contact or the actuator to be closed or disconnected, the second auxiliary switch is driven by the second driving mechanism to be closed or disconnected, and the third auxiliary switch is driven by the actuator to be closed or disconnected.

14. The switching device of claim 2, wherein: The main control board controls the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism to act in coordination, so that the first switch and the second switch are closed in sequence when the main circuit needs to be turned on, the first switch and the second switch are disconnected synchronously when the main circuit needs to be turned off, or the first switch and the second switch are disconnected in sequence.

15. The switching device of claim 1, wherein: The branch circuit is provided with two main positive branches and main negative branches; the pre-charge circuit is connected with a pre-charge resistor; and the first switch is provided with two first switches, one of which is connected to the main positive branch, and the other of which is connected to the main negative branch.

16. An energy storage system comprising a charge-discharge circuit, the charge-discharge circuit comprising a main circuit and a pre-charge circuit, the main circuit comprising at least two branches; characterized in that: The second switch is connected in parallel with the pre-charge circuit and in series with one of the first switches on the corresponding branch of the one of the first switches; and the rest of the first switches are connected to the corresponding branches respectively.

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