Pure electric bus CAN bus distribution box
By adopting an optimized layout of four relays and diodes in the CAN bus power distribution box of the pure electric bus, the problems of uneven power distribution and structural redundancy are solved, achieving power stability and structural compactness, and improving the safety and convenience of the vehicle.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520171321.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing CAN bus power distribution boxes cannot effectively cope with the uneven and unstable power distribution of pure electric buses, resulting in a decline in equipment performance. Furthermore, their structural redundancy and insufficient protection performance affect the reliability and flexibility of the vehicle.
A CAN bus power distribution box for a pure electric bus was designed. It uses four relays for precise power distribution, and combines diodes and fuses for optimized layout. A transparent protective shell is used to protect the internal components, achieving power stability and structural compactness, while reserving capacity for future expansion.
It improves the stability and reliability of power supply, reduces the risk of equipment failure, extends the service life and installation flexibility of the distribution box, and enhances the safety and convenience of the vehicle.
Smart Images
Figure CN223735853U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile structure especially relates to a pure electric bus CAN bus distribution box. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the current development process of the automobile industry, with the increasing wide application of pure electric buses, the importance of its power distribution system is increasingly prominent. The traditional automobile power distribution architecture gradually exposes many deficiencies when coping with the special needs of pure electric buses. On the one hand, the power drive system and a large number of complex electronic devices of pure electric buses put forward higher requirements on the stability and reliability of power distribution; on the other hand, the CAN bus distribution box in the prior art has obvious limitations in design concept and function implementation.
[0003] Firstly, the CAN bus distribution box in the prior art often simply lists and superimposes fuses and relays, and this design method does not consider the unique electrical characteristics and operating conditions of pure electric buses at all. The electrical equipment on the current pure electric bus needs accurate and stable power distribution. However, the existing distribution box cannot effectively match and combine with the instrument module power supply according to the characteristics of pure electric buses, resulting in uneven and unstable power supply, which seriously affects the performance and service life of the equipment. Secondly, the prior art excessively relies on instrument power distribution, and once a component fails, it is likely to cause damage to the instrument module. In this case, replacing the entire instrument module is not only costly and cumbersome, but also causes the vehicle to be out of service for a long time, causing great economic losses and inconvenience to the operating enterprise. In addition, the structural redundancy problem of the existing CAN bus distribution box seriously restricts its reasonable layout in the vehicle. Due to the lack of scientific design planning, the disordered arrangement of internal elements causes the distribution box to be bulky, occupies valuable space resources in the vehicle, and has poor flexibility. Moreover, the protection performance of the CAN bus distribution box cannot be ignored. In the existing CAN bus distribution box, the key components such as fuses and relays are directly exposed to the external environment, and are easily eroded and damaged by dust, water vapor and complex road vibration factors during vehicle driving. This limits the installation position of the distribution box, which can only be installed in a relatively closed and stable limited position in the vehicle, seriously weakening its practicality and reliability in actual application. SUMMARY
[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a pure electric bus CAN bus distribution box, aiming to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0006] A CAN bus power distribution box for a pure electric bus includes: an electromagnetic switch, a constant power supply, an electromagnetic drive device, an ignition device, a starting auxiliary device, a constant power maintenance device, a handbrake, and an ABS system. Specifically, it includes: a box body; the box body is provided with wiring terminals; the box body internally houses a first ignition relay, a second ignition relay, a handbrake relay, and an ABS relay; wherein the output terminal of the electromagnetic switch is connected to one end of the first ignition relay and the second ignition relay respectively; the output terminal of the constant power supply is connected to one end of the handbrake relay and the ABS relay respectively; the other end of the first ignition relay is connected to the ignition device, and the other end of the second ignition relay is connected to the starting auxiliary device.
[0007] The output terminal of the electromagnetic switch is also connected to the electromagnetic drive device, the output terminal of the constant power supply is also connected to the constant power maintenance device, and the other ends of the handbrake relay and ABS relay are respectively connected to the handbrake and ABS system.
[0008] As a further technical solution, the box body is also equipped with fuses and diodes. Specifically, fuses are provided between the output terminal of the electromagnetic switch and the electromagnetic drive device, the output terminal of the constant power supply and the constant power maintenance device, the first ignition relay and the ignition device, the second ignition relay and the starting auxiliary device, the handbrake relay and the handbrake, and the ABS relay and the ABS system; wherein, a diode is also provided between the second ignition relay and the starting auxiliary device.
[0009] As a further technical solution, the wiring terminals include electromagnetic switch power input terminals, electromagnetic switch power output terminals, constant power input terminals, constant power output terminals, and ON position power output terminals.
[0010] As a further technical solution, the electromagnetic switch power supply input terminal, electromagnetic switch output terminal, constant power input terminal, constant power output terminal and ON position output terminal are all configured as plug-in connectors, and all plug-in connectors are located at the bottom of the housing for easy centralized wiring.
[0011] As a further technical solution, the electromagnetic drive device includes an ignition lock, a compartment light, a windshield wiper, a coin acceptor, a card reader, an audio-visual system, a combination light, and a monitoring screen.
[0012] As a further technical solution, the ignition device includes ABS ignition, smoke ignition, ON position power, centralized lubrication, and tire pressure alarm.
[0013] As a further technical solution, the starting assistance equipment includes automatic parking, a bar pressure sensor, and instrument ignition.
[0014] As a further technical solution, the constant voltage maintaining device includes a switching power supply, a module address, an automatic parking, an ABS power, a window breaker, a card swiping machine, an air conditioner water pump, a fire extinguisher, an emergency controller, a monitoring system, a passenger door pump and a communication detection.
[0015] As a further technical solution, a concave groove structure is formed on the shell of the box body, a rubber pad is bonded at the bottom of the concave groove structure, and a protruding structure is arranged at the lower edge of the shell.
[0016] As a further technical solution, bolt holes are formed at the edges of the four corners of the box body, and the box body is fixed on the vehicle through the bolt holes.
[0017] The one or more technical solutions of the utility model have the following beneficial effects:
[0018] (1) The utility model discloses four relays of first ignition relay, second ignition relay, hand brake relay and ABS relay, and the four relays are configured to accurately and efficiently distribute and manage the power consumption of the whole vehicle.
[0019] (2) The utility model discloses four relays of first ignition relay, second ignition relay, hand brake relay and ABS relay, and the four relays are configured to accurately and efficiently distribute and manage the power consumption of the whole vehicle.
[0020] (3) The utility model discloses four relays of first ignition relay, second ignition relay, hand brake relay and ABS relay, and the four relays are configured to accurately and efficiently distribute and manage the power consumption of the whole vehicle.
[0021] (4) The utility model discloses four relays of first ignition relay, second ignition relay, hand brake relay and ABS relay, and the four relays are configured to accurately and efficiently distribute and manage the power consumption of the whole vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0022] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitation on the present application.
[0023] Figure 1 is a front view of the CAN bus distribution box of the present application;
[0024] Figure 2 is a front side view of the CAN bus distribution box of the present application;
[0025] Figure 3 is a left side view of the CAN bus distribution box of the present application;
[0026] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional view of the CAN bus distribution box of the present application;
[0027] Figure 5 is an electric control principle diagram of the CAN bus distribution box of the present application.
[0028] Among them: 1, box body;2, bolt hole;3, plug-in;4, protective shell;5, elastic pressure type locking structure. Specific implementation
[0029] It should be pointed out that the following detailed description is all exemplary, and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meaning as that generally understood by the ordinary skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.
[0030] Example one
[0031] The present application provides a kind of pure electric bus CAN bus distribution box, existing pure electric bus includes electromagnetic switch, permanent power supply, electromagnetic drive equipment, ignition equipment, starting auxiliary equipment, permanent maintenance equipment, hand brake and ABS system, CAN bus distribution box in the present embodiment is assembled on pure electric bus, such as Figure 1As shown, the CAN bus power distribution box in this embodiment includes a box body 1. The box body 1 is made of ABS-grade engineering plastic, which has good insulation and dimensional stability, meeting the requirements for vehicle use. It is a one-piece molded housing with strong overall stability. Bolt holes 2 are provided at the four corners of the box body 1, allowing the box body 1 to be fixed to the vehicle. Specifically, the bolt holes 2 enable the box body 1 to be installed in different locations on the vehicle body, such as the frame, cabin, and interior, using bolts or self-tapping screws, demonstrating strong applicability. Furthermore, the box 1 is equipped with wiring terminals. Specifically, in this embodiment, the wiring terminals include electromagnetic switch power input terminals, electromagnetic switch power output terminals, constant power input terminals, constant power output terminals, and ON position power output terminals. All of these terminals are configured as plug-ins 3, which are waterproof, improving the safety and reliability of the distribution box. All plug-ins are located at the bottom of the box, facilitating centralized wiring, improving construction efficiency, and resulting in a more aesthetically pleasing finish after wiring. They also facilitate the installation of protective covers, providing better waterproofing and dustproofing. Figure 1 As shown, the shell of box 1 has a concave groove structure, and a rubber pad is adhered to the bottom of the concave groove structure. The lower edge of the shell has protruding structures, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the box body is covered with a protective shell 4, which is a transparent protective shell. The protective shell 4 has protrusions that correspond to the groove structure, and as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the device is fixed in place by the locking structure 5 and the protruding structure, where the locking structure 5 is a spring-loaded locking structure. This effectively protects all relays, diodes, fuses, and other components inside the distribution box from water and dust, extending the box's lifespan. Simultaneously, the specifications and uses of the relays, diodes, and fuses are laser-engraved onto the transparent protective shell, allowing for easy observation of the distribution box's overall operating status and facilitating maintenance. The overall three-dimensional view is shown below. Figure 4 As shown.
[0032] In this embodiment, as Figure 5As shown, the box contains four relays: a first ignition relay, a second ignition relay, a handbrake relay, and an ABS relay. The output of the electromagnetic switch is connected to one end of both the first and second ignition relays, and also to an electromagnetic drive device. The output of the constant power supply is connected to one end of both the handbrake relay and the ABS relay, and also to a constant power maintenance device. The other end of the first ignition relay is connected to the ignition device, and the other end of the second ignition relay is connected to the starting assistance device. The other ends of the handbrake relay and the ABS relay are connected to the handbrake and the ABS system, respectively. In this embodiment, the electromagnetic drive equipment includes an ignition lock, cabin light, windshield wipers, coin acceptor, card reader, audio-visual system, combination lights, and monitoring screen; the ignition equipment includes ABS ignition, smoke ignition, ON position power, centralized lubrication, and tire pressure alarm; the starting auxiliary equipment includes automatic parking, air pressure sensor, and instrument ignition; the constant power maintenance equipment includes a switching power supply, module address, automatic parking, ABS power, window breaker, card reader, air conditioning water pump, fire extinguisher, emergency controller, monitoring system, passenger door pump, and communication detection.
[0033] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the interior of box 1 also houses fuses and diodes. Specifically: fuses are installed between the output terminal of the electromagnetic switch and the electromagnetic drive device, the output terminal of the constant power supply and the constant power maintenance device, the first ignition relay and the ignition device, the second ignition relay and the starting auxiliary device, the handbrake relay and the handbrake, and the ABS relay and the ABS system; a diode is also installed between the second ignition relay and the starting auxiliary device. Specifically, as... Figure 5 As shown, the output of the electromagnetic switch in the power distribution box is connected to the ignition lock, cabin light, windshield wipers, coin acceptor, card reader, audio-visual system, combination lights, and monitoring screen via different fuses. The output of the constant power supply is connected to the switching power supply, module address, automatic parking, ABS power, window breaker, card reader, air conditioning water pump, fire extinguisher, emergency controller, monitoring system, passenger door pump, and communication detector, and each connection is equipped with a fuse. In this embodiment, some fuse capacity is reserved for future expansion and equipment addition. The first ignition relay is connected to the ABS ignition, smoke ignition, ON position power, centralized lubrication, and tire pressure alarm, and each connection is equipped with a fuse. The second ignition relay is connected to the automatic parking, air pressure sensor, and instrument ignition, with a fuse and diode connected in series between them.
[0034] The working process or principle of a CAN bus power distribution box for a pure electric bus provided in this embodiment is as follows:
[0035] like Figure 5As shown, the normal power supply, electromagnetic switch power supply, and low-voltage PDCU are connected in parallel, and output normal power and electromagnetic switch power, and supply power to the device; the control terminals of the first ignition relay and the second ignition relay are connected in parallel, and when the combined switch key is turned to the ON position, the ignition control signal is powered, and the two ignition relays are attracted, realizing the output of two ignition power.
[0036] The output end of the electromagnetic switch power supply supplies power to the electromagnetic drive device through the fuse, especially the ignition lock, the warehouse lamp, the windshield wiper, the coin machine, the card reader, the audio-visual system, the combination lamp, and the monitoring screen, which are often used and easily damaged on the vehicle. For example, the instrument module is powered, and when the device is damaged, the module is indirectly damaged, and the cost of maintenance or replacement is high. If the power distribution box in the embodiment is used, the subsequent maintenance and repair cost can be controlled. At the same time, the fuse in the power distribution box also provides subsequent expansion for the vehicle power distribution, which is convenient for the customer to load the power of the device.
[0037] The output end of the normal power supply supplies power to the normal power maintenance device through the fuse, such as the switching power supply, the module address, the automatic parking, the ABS power, the window breaker, the card reader, the air conditioner water pump, the fire extinguisher, the emergency controller, the monitoring system, the passenger door pump, and the communication detection. These power supplies are not controlled by the instrument module, which can ensure that the vehicle can meet the emergency use in the case of instrument module damage, and improve the safety of the vehicle. At the same time, the part of the fuse reserved by the normal power supply also provides convenience for the subsequent expansion and maintenance of the vehicle.
[0038] The first ignition relay supplies ignition power to the ignition device, such as ABS ignition, smoke ignition, ON power, centralized lubrication, and tire pressure alarm; the second ignition relay supplies power to the starting auxiliary device, and a diode is arranged on each power supply loop to prevent reverse current caused by the reverse electromotive force of inductance and capacitance, especially to avoid the influence of reverse current after the ignition is turned off on other components, realizing accurate power distribution control of the vehicle. The reason for setting two ignition relays in the power distribution box in the embodiment is to isolate different ignitions of the vehicle according to the purpose and importance of the ignition device, avoid mutual influence, and improve the safety and reliability of the vehicle.
[0039] The hand brake relay can convert the hand brake signal into an undisturbed ground signal through the hand brake relay for use by the vehicle controller or other devices, avoiding state judgment errors caused by detection voltage, signal interference, etc. The ABS relay can convert the ABS working signal into an undisturbed ground signal through the ABS relay for use by the vehicle controller or other devices, avoiding state judgment errors caused by detection voltage, signal interference, etc. The functions of the above two relays are to physically isolate the signals that are sensitive to detection signals and easily affected by electromagnetic interference, realizing accurate control of the vehicle.
[0040] The CAN bus distribution box in the embodiment and the original instrument module power supply of the pure electric bus form an organic power distribution architecture, so that the power distribution box is more suitable for being installed on the vehicle body and realizes the low-voltage power distribution management function of the pure electric bus.
[0041] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be variously changed and modified. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A pure electric bus CAN bus distribution box, the pure electric bus comprising an electromagnetic switch power supply, a constant power supply, an electromagnetic driving device, an ignition device, a starting auxiliary device, a constant maintenance device, a hand brake, and an ABS system, characterized in that, include: Box body; The housing is provided with wiring terminals; the interior of the housing is provided with a first ignition relay, a second ignition relay, a handbrake relay, and an ABS relay; wherein, the output terminal of the electromagnetic switch is connected to one end of the first ignition relay and the second ignition relay respectively; the output terminal of the constant power supply is connected to one end of the handbrake relay and the ABS relay respectively; the other end of the first ignition relay is connected to the ignition device, and the other end of the second ignition relay is connected to the starting auxiliary device; The output terminal of the electromagnetic switch is also connected to the electromagnetic drive device, the output terminal of the constant power supply is also connected to the constant power maintenance device, and the other ends of the handbrake relay and ABS relay are respectively connected to the handbrake and ABS system.
2. The CAN bus distribution box for a pure electric bus according to claim 1, wherein, The box also contains fuses and diodes. Specifically, fuses are provided between the output terminal of the electromagnetic switch and the electromagnetic drive device, the output terminal of the constant power supply and the constant power maintenance device, the first ignition relay and the ignition device, the second ignition relay and the starting auxiliary device, the handbrake relay and the handbrake, and the ABS relay and the ABS system. A diode is also provided between the second ignition relay and the starting auxiliary device.
3. The CAN bus distribution box for a pure electric bus of claim 1, wherein, The terminals include electromagnetic switch power input terminals, electromagnetic switch power output terminals, constant power input terminals, constant power output terminals, and ON position power output terminals.
4. The CAN bus distribution box for an all-electric bus of claim 3, wherein, The electromagnetic switch power supply input terminals, electromagnetic switch output terminals, constant power input terminals, constant power output terminals, and ON position output terminals are all configured as plug-in connectors, and all plug-in connectors are located at the bottom of the housing for easy centralized wiring.
5. The CAN bus distribution box for an all-electric bus of claim 1, wherein, The electromagnetic drive equipment includes an ignition lock, a compartment light, a windshield wiper, a coin acceptor, a card reader, an audio-visual system, combination lights, and a monitoring screen.
6. The CAN bus distribution box for an all-electric bus of claim 1, wherein, The ignition device includes ABS ignition, smoke ignition, ON switch, centralized lubrication, and tire pressure alarm.
7. The CAN bus distribution box for an all-electric bus of claim 1, wherein, The starting assistance equipment includes automatic parking, a bar pressure sensor, and instrument ignition.
8. The CAN bus distribution box for an all-electric bus of claim 1, wherein, The constant power maintenance equipment includes a switching power supply, module address, automatic parking, ABS power supply, window breaker, card reader, air conditioning water pump, fire extinguisher, emergency controller, monitoring system, passenger door pump, and communication detection.
9. The CAN bus distribution box for an all-electric bus of claim 1, wherein, The shell of the box has a concave groove structure, and a rubber pad is glued to the bottom of the concave groove structure. The lower edge of the shell has a protruding structure. The box is covered with a protective shell, and the protective shell has a convex groove corresponding to the concave structure. It is fixed by a locking structure cooperating with the protruding structure.
10. The CAN bus distribution box for an all-electric bus of claim 1, wherein, Bolt holes are provided at the edges of the four corners of the box body, and the box body is fixed to the vehicle through the bolt holes.