Aluminum electrolysis cell

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of structures of aluminum electrolysis cells, in particular to an aluminum electrolysis cell. According to the utility model, the existing aluminum electrolysis cell is improved, and the conductive part is arranged between the two adjacent cathode steel bars of the adjacent cathodes, so that when the aluminum electrolysis cell is subjected to pole change, the conductive part provides a current flowing path between the two adjacent cathode steel bars; according to the technical scheme, the dielectric layer flows between the side anodes and the corresponding cathodes, horizontal current flowing from the molten aluminum layer to the cathodes corresponding to the replaced anodes flows through the conductive parts, the horizontal current in the molten aluminum layer is reduced, and therefore generation of the horizontal current is restrained when the anodes of the aluminum electrolysis cell are replaced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the structure field of aluminium electrolytic cell especially aluminium electrolytic cell. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing aluminium electrolytic cell has the cathode current bias flow problem in the production process, and the error range is 2%-5%, which directly influences the aluminium liquid horizontal current, causes the aluminium liquid fluctuation, causes the secondary loss of aluminium. Especially the use of full graphitized cathode further aggravates the current bias flow phenomenon, causes the current efficiency to drop. These problems not only influence the efficiency and quality of aluminium electrolytic production, but also increase the energy consumption.

[0003] A variety of electrolytic cell schemes for suppressing horizontal current are proposed in the prior art. For example, a Chinese patent application for invention with the application publication number CN101949037A discloses a building method of aluminium electrolytic cell. When the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell is made, the upper end of the cathode carbon block is symmetrically chamfered along the longitudinal direction, and a transverse groove is formed on the top of the cathode carbon block. When the cathode carbon block is built, a 20-40mm gap is left between the adjacent cathode carbon blocks, the gap is tamped with cathode paste, the opposite chamfers of the adjacent cathode carbon blocks and the cathode paste filling the gap form a trapezoidal groove, the depth of the trapezoidal groove is the same as that of the transverse groove on the top of the cathode carbon block. One or two longitudinal grooves are formed on the bottom of the cathode carbon block, and a steel bar with a corresponding size is laid in the longitudinal groove. The cathode carbon block and the steel bar are tamped with cathode paste. In this way, the upper end of the cathode carbon block is symmetrically chamfered along the longitudinal direction, and when the cathode carbon blocks are longitudinally and horizontally arranged on the bottom of the electrolytic cell, the opposite chamfers of the adjacent cathode carbon blocks and the gap between the cathode carbon blocks filled with the cathode paste form a trapezoidal groove. This trapezoidal groove and the transverse groove formed on the top of the cathode carbon block can reduce the horizontal current in the electrolytic process and make the current density of the cathode carbon block tend to be uniform.

[0004] However, it is found in actual application that the technical means adopted in the prior art is more obvious for the horizontal current suppression effect of the normal operation of the electrolytic cell, but for the anode replacement, as shown in the figure, since the anode 1 to be replaced is taken out from the tank body, part of the current flowing through the dielectric layer 2 and the aluminium liquid layer 3 between the side anode 1 and the corresponding cathode will flow to the cathode corresponding to the anode to be replaced through the aluminium liquid layer, thereby generating the horizontal current. Fig. 1-2 UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims at providing an aluminium electrolytic cell to solve the problem of poor horizontal current suppression effect of the existing aluminium electrolytic cell during anode replacement.

[0006] ​The aluminum electrolysis cell of the utility model includes cell body, the cell bottom surface of cell body is provided with multiple cathodes along the length direction of cell body side by side, the cathodes extend in the width direction of cell body, the cathode includes cathode carbon block and the cathode steel bar installed in the cathode carbon block, the adjacent side of two adjacent cathode carbon blocks is respectively provided with the avoidance passage extending to the cathode steel bar, the two cathode steel bars of two adjacent cathodes close to each other are provided with the conductive component that the two cathode steel bars are electrically connected through the avoidance passage.

[0007] Further, the conductive component is a conductive steel bar, and the two ends of the conductive steel bar are attached to the corresponding cathode steel bars.

[0008] Alternatively, the conductive component is a conductive aluminum bar, and the two ends of the conductive aluminum bar are attached to the corresponding cathode steel bars.

[0009] Alternatively, the conductive component is a conductive copper bar, and the two ends of the conductive copper bar are attached to the corresponding cathode steel bars.

[0010] Further, the height of the conductive component is less than the height of the cathode steel bar.

[0011] Further, the top surface of the conductive component is close to the top surface of the cathode steel bar.

[0012] Further, the bottom surface of the conductive component is flush with the bottom surface of the cathode steel bar, and both are disposed on the cell bottom surface of the cell body.

[0013] Further, the gap between the adjacent cathode carbon blocks is filled with cathode paste.

[0014] The utility model improves the existing aluminum electrolysis cell, by setting the conductive component between the two cathode steel bars close to each other of adjacent cathodes, when the aluminum electrolysis cell is replaced, because the conductive component provides the current flow path between the two adjacent cathode steel bars, the horizontal current flowing between the lateral anode and the corresponding cathode through the dielectric layer and the aluminum liquid layer to the corresponding cathode of the replaced anode will flow through the conductive component, reducing the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid layer, thereby inhibiting the generation of horizontal current when the aluminum electrolysis cell is replaced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Fig. 1 For the existing aluminum electrolysis cell, the schematic diagram of the adjacent two electrodes from the width direction of the aluminum electrolysis cell (the arrow in the figure represents the current flow direction) when the aluminum electrolysis cell is normally working;

[0016] Fig. 2 For the existing aluminum electrolysis cell, the schematic diagram of the adjacent two electrodes from the width direction of the aluminum electrolysis cell (the arrow in the figure represents the current flow direction) when the aluminum electrolysis cell is replaced;

[0017] Fig. 3The utility model discloses an aluminum electrolysis cell, which is improved in view of the problem that horizontal current is easily generated in the molten aluminum layer during the anode replacement of the existing aluminum electrolysis cell.

[0018] In the figure: 1, anode carbon block; 2, dielectric layer; 3, molten aluminum layer; 4, cathode carbon block; 5, cathode steel rod; 6, conductive component; 7, cathode paste. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The features and performances of the utility model will be further described in detail in combination with the embodiments.

[0020] The utility model discloses an aluminum electrolysis cell, which is improved in view of the problem that horizontal current is easily generated in the molten aluminum layer during the anode replacement of the existing aluminum electrolysis cell, the conductive component is arranged between the two cathode steel rods of the adjacent cathodes, which provides a flow path for the current flowing between the adjacent cathodes, and when the anode replacement of the aluminum electrolysis cell is performed, the horizontal current flowing through the dielectric layer and the molten aluminum layer between the adjacent anodes and the corresponding cathodes to the corresponding cathode of the replaced anode will flow through the conductive component, thereby reducing the horizontal current in the molten aluminum layer, and the generation of the horizontal current is inhibited during the anode replacement of the aluminum electrolysis cell.

[0021] Based on the above concept, the following provides various embodiments of the aluminum electrolysis cell for illustration.

[0022] In the embodiments of the utility model, as shown in the figure, Fig. 3 The overall structure of the aluminum electrolysis cell is the same as that of the prior art. The aluminum electrolysis cell comprises a cell body, a plurality of cathodes are arranged side by side on the cell bottom surface of the cell bottom along the length direction of the cell body, the cathodes extend in the width direction of the cell body, and the cell body is provided with anodes corresponding to the cathodes above the cathodes. The cathode comprises a cathode steel rod 5 and a cathode carbon block 4, and the anode comprises an anode steel claw and an anode carbon block 1. The lower side of the cathode carbon block 4 is provided with an accommodating groove extending in the width direction of the cell body, the cathode steel rod 5 is located in the accommodating groove and directly contacts the corresponding groove wall of the accommodating groove, and the gap between the adjacent cathodes is filled with cathode paste 7, so that all the cathodes are laid to form a cathode top surface under the molten aluminum layer 3.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the adjacent sides of the two adjacent cathode carbon blocks 4 are respectively provided with avoidance channels extending to the cathode steel rods 5, and the conductive components 6 are arranged between the two cathode steel rods 5 of the two adjacent cathodes and electrically connected to the two cathode steel rods through the avoidance channels. In this way, when the anode replacement of the aluminum electrolysis cell is performed, the horizontal current flowing through the dielectric layer 2 and the molten aluminum layer 3 between the adjacent anodes 4 and the corresponding cathodes to the corresponding cathode of the replaced anode will flow through the conductive component 6, thereby reducing the horizontal current in the molten aluminum layer 3, and the generation of the horizontal current is inhibited during the anode replacement of the aluminum electrolysis cell.

[0024] In different embodiments, the conductive component 6 can be a conductive steel rod or a conductive aluminum rod or a conductive copper rod, and the two ends of the conductive component can be welded to the corresponding cathode steel rods 5 or directly contact with the cathode steel rods 5. The cross-sectional size of the avoiding channel is just enough for the conductive component 6 to pass through. In order to inhibit the generation of horizontal current in the aluminum liquid layer as much as possible during the polarity reversal, the resistance of the conductive component 5 is preferably less than the resistance of the aluminum liquid layer. Of course, in other embodiments, the conductive component 5 can be a conductive cable or a conductive filler.

[0025] In an embodiment, the height of the conductive component 6 can be greater than the height of the cathode steel rod 5. In order to avoid the height of the conductive component 6 being too high to affect the current flow between the cathode carbon block 4 and the cathode steel rod 5, in an embodiment, the height of the conductive component 6 is less than the height of the cathode steel rod 5. At the same time, in order to facilitate the current flow through the conductive component 6, in an embodiment, the top surface of the conductive component 6 is arranged close to the top surface of the cathode steel rod 5.

[0026] In order to facilitate installation, the bottom surface of the conductive component 6 is flush with the bottom surface of the cathode steel rod 5, and both are arranged on the tank bottom surface of the tank, so that the conductive component can be directly placed on the tank bottom surface by hoisting or other methods.

[0027] In addition, in an embodiment, the cathode paste 7 filled in the gap between the two adjacent cathode carbon blocks 4 is flush with the top surface of the cathode carbon block 4. Of course, in other embodiments, the two top edges of the cathode carbon block 4 can be provided with opposite chamfers, and a trapezoidal groove structure can be formed after the cathode is laid out, as disclosed in the Chinese patent application with the application publication number CN101949037A.

[0028] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. The patent protection scope of the present application is subject to the claims, and any equivalent structural changes made according to the contents of the specification and drawings of the present application should also be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An aluminum electrolysis cell comprising a cell body, a plurality of cathodes arranged side by side along a length direction of the cell body on a cell bottom surface of the cell body, the cathodes extending in a width direction of the cell body, the cathodes comprising a cathode carbon block and a cathode steel rod installed in the cathode carbon block, characterized in that, The adjacent sides of two adjacent cathode carbon blocks are respectively provided with avoidance channels extending to the cathode steel rods, and the two cathode steel rods of the two adjacent cathodes are provided with conductive components for electrically connecting the two cathode steel rods through the avoidance channels.

2. The aluminum electrolytic cell defined in claim 1, characterized in that The conductive component is a conductive steel rod, and the two ends of the conductive steel rod are attached to the corresponding cathode steel rods.

3. The aluminum electrolytic cell defined in claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive component is a conductive aluminum rod, and the two ends of the conductive aluminum rod are attached to the corresponding cathode steel rods.

4. The aluminum electrolytic cell of claim 1, wherein, The conductive component is a conductive copper rod, and the two ends of the conductive copper rod are attached to the corresponding cathode steel rods.

5. An aluminium reduction cell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised by, The height of the conductive component is less than the height of the cathode steel rod.

6. An aluminium reduction cell as claimed in claim 5, characterised by, The top surface of the conductive component is close to the top surface of the cathode steel rod.

7. The aluminum electrolytic cell defined in claim 5, characterized in that The bottom surface of the conductive component is flush with the bottom surface of the cathode steel rod, and both are placed on the groove bottom surface of the groove body.

8. An aluminium reduction cell as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised by, The gap between the adjacent cathode carbon blocks is filled with cathode paste.

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