Multi-tunneling construction mechanism and tunnel construction unit

Abstract

The multi-tunneling construction mechanism comprises a rack, at least two horizontal swing mechanisms are arranged on the rack, the horizontal swing mechanisms are connected with vertical swing mechanisms, and the vertical swing mechanisms are connected with tunneling mechanisms; wherein the vertical swing mechanism is used for driving the tunneling mechanism to swing up and down, the horizontal swing mechanism is used for driving the vertical swing mechanism and the tunneling mechanism to integrally swing left and right, and the device has the advantages that the adaptability to complex and changeable geological conditions is improved, and the tunneling construction efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering equipment, in particular to a multi-excavation construction mechanism and a tunnel construction unit. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tunnel boring machines can be divided into different types. A common full-face tunnel boring machine usually does not have an excavation arm but uses a cutterhead to rotate and advance forward to break rocks or soil layers. A large number of cutters are installed on the cutterhead. Other partial-face tunnel boring machines generally have only one excavation arm, which breaks coal and rocks through excavation hammers at the front end of the excavation arm. The excavation arm can swing up and down and left and right to control the direction of the breaking hammer.

[0003] However, the existing full-face tunnel boring machine has poor adaptability to geological conditions, especially complex and variable geological conditions. For example, in a soft and hard uneven stratum, the degree of cutter wear varies greatly. The hard rock part will quickly wear the cutter, while the soft rock part may cause machine vibration due to excessive cutter cutting force, affecting the excavation efficiency and equipment life. If a fault fracture zone is encountered, there may be a risk of machine jamming, which is difficult and costly to handle. The equipment is large and complex to transport and install, with a huge volume and weight. Special transportation solutions and large lifting equipment are required to transport the equipment to the construction site. The installation and debugging process is complex and requires a professional team to spend a long time, resulting in long preparation time and high cost. The cost is high, and the equipment itself is expensive, and it needs to be matched with complex auxiliary equipment and facilities, such as a high-power power supply system, a ventilation system, and a slag removal system, which increases the construction cost of the entire project. The excavation efficiency of ordinary tunnel boring machines is relatively low. Since it is a partial-face excavation, the breaking area is limited each time, and compared with the full-face tunnel boring machine, the overall excavation speed is slow, especially in large cross-section tunnel construction, which requires multiple breaking and position adjustment, increasing the cycle operation time. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a multi-excavation construction mechanism and a tunnel construction unit, which aims to solve the technical problem of poor adaptability of the existing excavation machine to complex and variable geological conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a multi-excavation construction mechanism, which comprises a rack, at least two horizontal swing mechanisms are arranged on the rack, the horizontal swing mechanisms are connected with vertical swing mechanisms, and the vertical swing mechanisms are connected with excavation mechanisms; wherein the vertical swing mechanisms are used to drive the excavation mechanisms to swing up and down, and the horizontal swing mechanisms are used to drive the vertical swing mechanisms and the excavation mechanisms to swing left and right as a whole.

[0006] Optionally, a rotating mechanism is further included, which is connected between the horizontal swing mechanism and the vertical swing mechanism, and is used to drive the vertical swing mechanism and the excavation mechanism to rotate around the axis of the rotating mechanism by a corresponding angle as a whole.

[0007] Optionally, the rotating mechanism comprises a vertical rotating table connected with the vertical swing mechanism, and a rotating motor is connected to the vertical rotating table and arranged on the horizontal swing mechanism.

[0008] Optionally, the horizontal swing mechanism comprises a first oil cylinder hinged to the rack, and a horizontal rotating table is hinged to the first oil cylinder and rotationally connected to the rack, and the rotating mechanism is connected to a side of the horizontal rotating table away from the first oil cylinder.

[0009] Optionally, a mounting support is fixedly arranged on the rack, and the horizontal rotating table is rotationally connected to the mounting support.

[0010] Optionally, the vertical swing mechanism comprises an arm frame hinged to a side of the rotating mechanism, and the arm frame is hinged to the tunneling mechanism at the other end, and a second oil cylinder is hinged to the arm frame at two sides, and the second oil cylinder is hinged to the rotating mechanism at the other end, and a third oil cylinder is hinged to the top of the arm frame, and a connecting rod assembly is hinged to the third oil cylinder, and the connecting rod assembly is hinged to the tunneling mechanism at the other end.

[0011] Optionally, the connecting rod assembly comprises a hinge shaft hinged to the third oil cylinder, and two first connecting rods and a second connecting rod are hinged to the hinge shaft, and the two first connecting rods are hinged to the two sides of the arm frame at the other ends, and the second connecting rod is hinged to the tunneling mechanism at the other end.

[0012] Optionally, the tunneling mechanism comprises a breaking hammer connected with the vertical swing mechanism, and a drill rod is connected to the other end of the breaking hammer.

[0013] Optionally, two tunneling mechanisms are arranged, and the two tunneling mechanisms are arranged on the rack in a left-right manner.

[0014] The application further provides a tunnel construction unit comprising the multi-tunneling construction mechanism.

[0015] The application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The traditional single excavation arm is improved to two or more excavation mechanisms in the present application, but the setting of multiple excavation mechanisms needs to consider the problem of mutual interference, and the connection structure of the excavation mechanism and the rack needs to be redesigned because the space does not support the sliding movement of the excavation arm after the installation of two or more excavation mechanisms. Therefore, the front and rear and left and right sliding structures of the single excavation arm are cancelled, and the horizontal swing mechanism and the vertical swing mechanism are used to drive the excavation mechanism to swing left and right and up and down, so as to meet the excavation operation within a certain range, that is, to avoid the interference problem and ensure that the working range of multiple excavation mechanisms can cover the construction range, and multiple excavation mechanisms can work at the same time. Compared with the single-arm excavator or the traditional excavation method, more rocks or soil bodies can be broken in a unit of time, and in the excavation of a large cross-section tunnel, different positions can be broken at the same time to speed up the construction progress. There is a certain space between the excavation mechanisms, and the excavator bucket can pass through the middle to perform the excavating operation, which can effectively improve the construction efficiency. At the same time, when facing complex geological conditions, such as uneven rock hardness or the existence of multiple different types of geological structures, the working position and angle of different excavation mechanisms can be adjusted to enhance the adaptability and flexibly respond. One excavation mechanism can be used to process the relatively hard part, and the other excavation mechanism can be used to process the relatively soft part to ensure the continuous advancement of the excavation work. Therefore, during the excavation process, the work of multiple excavation mechanisms can make the force of the machine more balanced. The machine deflection problem caused by the excessive force on one side is reduced, which is beneficial to improve the precision and stability of the excavation, make the tunnel forming quality better, and increase the emergency capacity. If one excavation mechanism fails, the other excavation mechanisms can still work, which reduces the influence of equipment failure on the overall project progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, each element or part is not necessarily drawn according to the actual proportion.

[0018] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a multiple excavation construction mechanism in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a multiple excavation construction mechanism omitting the rack in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another view of the structure corresponding to FIG. 2; Figure 2 FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another view of the structure corresponding to FIG. 1.

[0021] Reference signs:

[0022] 100 - gantry, 200 - horizontal swing mechanism, 210 - first oil cylinder, 220 - horizontal rotary table, 230 - mounting support, 300 - vertical swing mechanism, 310 - arm frame, 320 - second oil cylinder, 330 - third oil cylinder, 340 - linkage assembly, 341 - hinged shaft, 342 - first linkage, 343 - second linkage, 400 - tunneling mechanism, 410 - breaking hammer, 420 - drill rod, 500 - vertical rotary table.

[0023] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0026] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connection" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; can be internal connection of two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In addition, if the description of "first", "second" and the like is involved in the embodiments of the present application, the description of "first", "second" and the like is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing throughout the text includes three parallel schemes. For example, "A and / or B" includes A scheme, or B scheme, or A and B scheme. In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of ordinary skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor is it within the scope of protection claimed by the present application.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] Referring to Figures 1-3 The embodiment provides a multi-excavation construction mechanism, which comprises a rack 100, at least two horizontal swing mechanisms 200 are arranged on the rack 100, the horizontal swing mechanisms 200 are connected with vertical swing mechanisms 300, and the vertical swing mechanisms 300 are connected with excavation mechanisms 400; wherein the vertical swing mechanisms 300 are used for driving the excavation mechanisms 400 to swing up and down, and the horizontal swing mechanisms 200 are used for driving the vertical swing mechanisms 300 and the excavation mechanisms 400 to swing left and right as a whole.

[0030] In the embodiment, the conventional single excavating arm is improved into two or more excavating mechanisms 400, but the setting of multiple excavating mechanisms 400 needs to consider the interference problem, and the connecting structure of the excavating mechanism 400 and the rack 100 needs to be redesigned, because the space cannot support the sliding movement of the excavating arm after the installation of two or more excavating mechanisms 400, so the front and rear and left and right sliding structures of the single excavating arm are cancelled, and the horizontal swing mechanism 200 and the vertical swing mechanism 300 are used to drive the excavating mechanism 400 to swing left and right and up and down, so as to meet the excavation work in a certain range, that is, to avoid the interference problem, and to ensure that the working range of the multiple excavating mechanisms 400 can cover the construction range, and the multiple excavating mechanisms 400 can work at the same time. Compared with the single-arm excavator or the conventional excavation method, more rocks or soil bodies can be broken in unit time in the tunnel excavation of a larger section, the different positions can be broken at the same time, the construction progress is accelerated, there is a certain space between the excavating mechanisms 400, the excavating bucket of the rock remover can pass through the middle to perform the rock removing work, and the construction efficiency can be effectively improved. At the same time, when facing complex geological conditions, such as uneven rock hardness or multiple different types of geological structures, the working position and angle of the different excavating mechanisms 400 can be adjusted to enhance the adaptability and flexibly cope with the situation. One excavating mechanism 400 can be used to process the relatively hard part, and the other excavating mechanism 400 can be used to process the relatively soft part, so as to ensure the continuous advancement of the excavation work. Therefore, during the excavation process, the work of the multiple excavating mechanisms 400 can make the stress of the machine more balanced. The machine deflection problem caused by the excessive stress on one side is reduced, which is beneficial to improve the excavation precision and stability, make the tunnel forming quality better, and increase the emergency capacity. If one excavating mechanism 400 fails, the other excavating mechanisms 400 can still work, and the influence of the equipment failure on the overall engineering progress is reduced.

[0031] It should be noted that the rack 100 is in a frame structure, has a certain space and an operation platform inside, and the horizontal swing mechanism 200 should be arranged on the side of the operation platform close to the construction direction in the rack 100.

[0032] As an optional implementation, a rotating mechanism is further included, which is connected between the horizontal swing mechanism 200 and the vertical swing mechanism 300, and is used to drive the vertical swing mechanism 300 and the excavating mechanism 400 to rotate around the axis of the rotating mechanism by a corresponding angle.

[0033] In the embodiment, the rotating mechanism is further arranged, so that the excavating mechanism 400 can rotate by a certain angle in the vertical plane, thereby different angle excavations can be performed, and the flexibility of the excavation work is further improved.

[0034] As an optional implementation, the rotating mechanism comprises a vertical rotating table 500 connected with the vertical swing mechanism 300, and a rotating motor (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the horizontal swing mechanism 200.

[0035] In the embodiment, when the rotating operation is needed, the vertical rotating table 500 is driven to rotate by the rotating motor, so as to drive the vertical swing mechanism 300 and the digging mechanism 400 to rotate in the vertical plane by a certain angle. Here, the rotating motor can be a servo motor, which can accurately control the rotating speed and direction and meet the use requirements.

[0036] As an optional implementation, the horizontal swing mechanism 200 comprises a first oil cylinder 210 hinged to the rack 100, the first oil cylinder 210 is hinged with a horizontal rotating table 220, the horizontal rotating table 220 is rotationally connected to the rack 100, and the rotating mechanism is connected to the side of the horizontal rotating table 220 away from the first oil cylinder 210.

[0037] In the embodiment, when the digging mechanism 400 needs to swing left and right in the horizontal plane, the horizontal rotating table 220 can be driven to swing on the rack 100 by the extension and retraction of the first oil cylinder 210, so as to drive the rotating mechanism, the vertical swing mechanism 300 and the digging mechanism 400 to swing synchronously, thereby realizing the horizontal swing to the corresponding position to adapt to the digging operation requirements.

[0038] As an optional implementation, the rack 100 is fixedly provided with a mounting support 230, and the horizontal rotating table 220 is rotationally connected in the mounting support 230, so as to have a certain protection effect on the movement parts such as the horizontal rotating table 220. It should be noted that the horizontal rotating table 220 can be a hollow structure, which can accommodate the rotating motor inside, so as to save space.

[0039] As an optional implementation, the vertical swing mechanism 300 comprises an arm support 310 hinged to one side of the rotating mechanism, the other end of the arm support 310 is hinged to the digging mechanism 400, the two sides of the arm support 310 are hinged with second oil cylinders 320, the other end of the second oil cylinders 320 is hinged to the rotating mechanism, the top of the arm support 310 is hinged with a third oil cylinder 330, the third oil cylinder 330 is hinged with a connecting rod assembly 340, and the other end of the connecting rod assembly 340 is hinged to the digging mechanism 400.

[0040] In the embodiment, when it is needed to swing the tunneling mechanism 400 up and down, the arm support 310 is driven to rotate around the hinge pin shaft of the rotating mechanism by the extension and retraction of the second oil cylinder 320, so that the arm support 310 drives the tunneling mechanism 400 to swing up and down greatly. At this time, the third oil cylinder 330 is synchronously extended and retracted, and when it is needed to fine tune, the tunneling mechanism 400 is driven to rotate around the hinge pin shaft of the arm support 310 by the extension and retraction of the third oil cylinder 330 and the transmission of the linkage assembly 340, so that the tunneling mechanism 400 swings up and down slightly, and flexible up and down swinging is realized to meet more digging requirements.

[0041] As an optional embodiment, the linkage assembly 340 comprises a hinge shaft 341 hinged with the third oil cylinder 330, and two first linkages 342 and a second linkage 343 are simultaneously hinged on the hinge shaft 341. The other ends of the two first linkages 342 are respectively hinged on the two sides of the arm support 310, and the other end of the second linkage 343 is hinged on the tunneling mechanism 400.

[0042] In the embodiment, when the third oil cylinder 330 is extended and retracted to pull or push the hinge shaft 341, the first linkage 342 and the second linkage 343 move synchronously, and the first linkage 342 plays a certain supporting role, so as to drive the tunneling mechanism 400 to swing correspondingly.

[0043] As an optional embodiment, the tunneling mechanism 400 comprises a breaking hammer 410 connected with the vertical swinging mechanism 300, and a drill rod 420 connected with the other end of the breaking hammer 410, which can be applied to rock drilling operation.

[0044] As an optional embodiment, two tunneling mechanisms 400 are arranged on one side of the gantry 100 in a left-right manner. The number of the tunneling mechanisms 400 should not be too much, otherwise the equipment cost and control difficulty are increased. According to the current digging operation and operation space, two tunneling mechanisms 400 can meet the basic requirements, and the two tunneling mechanisms 400 are arranged in a left-right manner, so as to be respectively responsible for the digging operation of the respective half of the tunnel face, and the construction efficiency is high.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] The embodiment provides a tunnel construction unit, which comprises the multi-tunneling construction mechanism in the above-mentioned embodiments, so as to improve the digging construction efficiency of the tunnel construction unit, and can also adapt to complex and changeable geological conditions, has wide application range and high practicability.

[0047] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present application, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multiple excavation construction mechanism characterized by, The utility model provides a tunneling machine, including gantry (100), at least two horizontal swing mechanism (200) are arranged on the gantry (100), vertical swing mechanism (200) is connected with each, vertical swing mechanism (300) is connected with each with tunneling mechanism (400), vertical swing mechanism (300) is used for driving tunneling mechanism (400) swing up and down, horizontal swing mechanism (200) is used for driving vertical swing mechanism (300) and tunneling mechanism (400) swing as a whole left and right.

2. A multiple excavation construction mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein, Also include slewing mechanism, the slewing mechanism is connected between horizontal swing mechanism (200) and vertical swing mechanism (300), the slewing mechanism is used for driving vertical swing mechanism (300) and tunneling mechanism (400) as a whole rotate about the axis of the slewing mechanism corresponding angle.

3. A multiple excavation construction mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The slewing mechanism includes vertical slewing table (500) connected with the vertical swing mechanism (300), the vertical slewing table (500) is connected with a slewing motor, and the slewing motor is arranged on the horizontal swing mechanism (200).

4. A multiple excavation construction mechanism according to claim 2 or 3, wherein The horizontal swing mechanism (200) includes a first oil cylinder (210) hinged to the gantry (100), the first oil cylinder (210) is hinged with a horizontal rotating table (220), the horizontal rotating table (220) is rotatably connected to the gantry (100), and the slewing mechanism is connected to one side of the horizontal rotating table (220) away from the first oil cylinder (210).

5. A multiple excavation construction mechanism as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The gantry (100) is fixedly provided with a mounting support (230), and the horizontal rotating table (220) is rotatably connected to the mounting support (230).

6. A multiple excavation construction mechanism according to claim 2 or 3, wherein The vertical swing mechanism (300) includes an arm support (310) hinged to one side of the slewing mechanism, the other end of the arm support (310) is hinged to the tunneling mechanism (400), the two sides of the arm support (310) are hinged with second oil cylinders (320), the other ends of the second oil cylinders (320) are hinged to the slewing mechanism, the top of the arm support (310) is hinged with a third oil cylinder (330), the third oil cylinder (330) is hinged with a linkage assembly (340), and the other end of the linkage assembly (340) is hinged to the tunneling mechanism (400).

7. A multiple excavation construction mechanism as claimed in claim 6, wherein The linkage assembly (340) includes a hinge shaft (341) hinged to the third oil cylinder (330), two first linkages (342) and a second linkage (343) are simultaneously hinged to the hinge shaft (341), the other ends of the two first linkages (342) are respectively hinged to the two sides of the arm support (310), and the other end of the second linkage (343) is hinged to the tunneling mechanism (400).

8. A multiple excavation construction mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The tunneling mechanism (400) includes a breaking hammer (410) connected with the vertical swing mechanism (300), and a drill rod (420) connected to the other end of the breaking hammer (410).

9. A multiple excavation construction mechanism according to claim 1 or 8, wherein The tunneling mechanism (400) is provided with two, and the two tunneling mechanisms (400) are arranged left and right on one side of the gantry (100).

10. A tunnel construction machine unit, characterized by, A multiple excavation construction mechanism comprising any one of claims 1-9.

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