Unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device, which relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping devices and comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, an aerial camera is mounted in the middle of the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle; the multiple cylinders are fixed to the bottom end of a rack of the unmanned aerial vehicle, an inner cavity is formed in each cylinder, a piston is slidably connected into each inner cavity, the bottom end of each piston is coaxially connected with a supporting column, and the supporting columns penetrate through the bottom walls of the cylinders; closed cavities are formed between the pistons and the inner walls of the cylinders, and the closed cavities in the cylinders are communicated with one another; when the supporting columns are stressed differently, the pressure in the closed cavities of the corresponding cylinders changes, and the supporting columns conduct corresponding lifting actions, the closed cavities formed by the pistons in the cylinders and the inner cavities are communicated with one another, when the supporting columns are stressed differently, the pressure is transmitted among the closed cavities, the supporting columns are promoted to conduct lifting actions, and therefore the supporting columns are lifted. The attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the take-off and landing process is automatically adjusted, and stability is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to surveying and mapping device technical field, specifically is a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of surveying and mapping, the traditional surveying and mapping method mainly relies on ground measurement and satellite remote sensing. Although ground measurement can obtain high-precision data, it is low in efficiency, and in complex terrain, inconvenient transportation areas, such as mountainous areas, forests, marshes, etc., the operation difficulty is extremely great, and a large amount of manpower, material resources and time cost are consumed. For example, when carrying out topographic surveying and mapping in mountainous areas, survey personnel need to carry heavy surveying equipment and walk through mountains and hills, which not only has high working strength, but also is easily affected by bad weather and terrain conditions, resulting in slow surveying progress.

[0003] Although satellite remote sensing can realize rapid observation of a large area, the resolution is relatively low, and it is difficult to meet the surveying and mapping needs of some detailed ground objects. For example, for small ground objects such as buildings and roads in cities, satellite remote sensing images may not clearly present their specific shape and size, and cannot provide accurate data support for city planning, land use investigation, etc.

[0004] At the same time, the technology of unmanned aerial vehicle has developed rapidly. Unmanned aerial vehicle has the advantages of flexible operation, relatively low cost and rapid deployment, and can carry out flight operation in various complex environments. However, the existing unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device still has certain deficiencies in stability, adaptability and surveying and mapping precision. When landing, the unmanned aerial vehicle is easily affected by uneven ground due to the lack of effective support and attitude adjustment system, resulting in body shaking or even damage. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides an unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] An unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device comprises

[0008] An unmanned aerial vehicle, a aerial camera is installed at the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle;

[0009] A plurality of cylinders are fixed to the bottom end of the frame of the unmanned aerial vehicle, each cylinder has an inner cavity in the inside, a piston is slidably connected in the inner cavity, the bottom end of the piston is coaxially connected with a support column, and the support column penetrates the bottom wall of the cylinder;

[0010] The piston and the inner wall of the cylinder form a sealed cavity, and the sealed cavities in each cylinder are connected to each other.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom end of the support column is fixed with a hemispherical block, and the diameter of the hemispherical block is greater than the diameter of the support column.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom end of the support column is fixed with an arc-shaped elastic sheet, and the two ends of the arc-shaped elastic sheet are fixed with round rods.

[0013] Preferably, the arc-shaped elastic sheet is a quarter of a circle, and the ends of the round rods extend to the two sides of the arc-shaped elastic sheet.

[0014] Preferably, the piston and the inner cavity of the cylinder are connected through a sealing ring or a lubricating coating to achieve sliding sealing.

[0015] Preferably, the closed cavities formed between the pistons and the inner wall of the cylinder are connected through communication pipes, and the closed cavities are filled with gas or liquid medium.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

[0017] 1. Stable posture adjustment: the closed cavities formed by the pistons and the inner cavities of the cylinders are connected, when the support columns are subjected to different forces, the pressure is transmitted between the closed cavities, so that the support columns are lifted and lowered, the posture of the unmanned aerial vehicle during take-off and landing is automatically adjusted, and stability is ensured.

[0018] 2. Adapt to complex ground: the diameter of the hemispherical block at the bottom end of the support column is greater than that of the support column, and the shape design can maintain reliable support under complex ground conditions, and reduce the instability of the support caused by uneven ground.

[0019] 3. Effective buffering and shock absorption: the arc-shaped elastic sheet at the bottom end of the support column is a quarter of a circle, and the elastic sheet can effectively buffer the impact force when contacting the ground or being subjected to vibration and impact, the round rods are fixed at the two ends of the arc-shaped elastic sheet and extend to the two sides, the overall structural stability is enhanced, the complex ground conditions are better adapted, the buffering effect is further improved, and the safety of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the equipment carried thereon is ensured.

[0020] 4. Flexible support and movement: the piston is connected in the inner cavity of the cylinder, and the bottom end of the piston is coaxially connected with the support column, so that the support column can move flexibly in the inner cavity of the cylinder through the piston, and the support and posture adjustment of the unmanned aerial vehicle are realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The disclosure of the utility model will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are only for illustrative purposes, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the utility model. In the drawings, the same reference signs are used to refer to the same parts. Among them:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the utility model unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device.

[0023] Figure 2 It is the front view of the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 It is the cylindrical section view of the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is the arc-shaped elastic sheet setting structure schematic view of the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device of the utility model.

[0026] The figure mark explanation: 1, unmanned aerial vehicle; 2, aerial camera; 3, cylinder; 4, inner cavity; 5, piston; 6, support column; 7, hemispherical block; 8, arc-shaped elastic sheet; 9, round rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It is easy to understand that according to the technical scheme of the utility model, the general skilled person in the art can propose a plurality of structure modes and implementation modes that can be mutually replaced without changing the essential spirit of the utility model. Therefore, the following detailed description and the drawings are only exemplary description of the technical scheme of the utility model, and should not be regarded as the whole of the utility model or as the limitation or restriction of the technical scheme of the utility model.

[0028] EMBODIMENT

[0029] As Figures 1-4 shown, an unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device, comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle 1;

[0030] When the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 is ready to land, the hemispherical block 7 at the bottom end of the support column 6 first contacts the ground. Because of the differences in the flatness, slope and other conditions of the ground contacted by different support columns 6, the ground reaction forces received by each support column 6 are also different. At this time, the stressed support column 6 will transmit the force to the piston 5 connected coaxially therewith, pushing the piston 5 to slide in the inner cavity 4 of the cylinder 3. Because the closed cavities formed by the piston 5 and the inner cavity 4 in each cylinder 3 are interconnected, the pressure change will be transmitted between each closed cavity. For example, if a certain support column 6 receives a larger pressure, the corresponding piston 5 moves inward into the inner cavity 4, so that the pressure in the closed cavity increases, and the pressure will be transmitted to other closed cavities through the communication structure, prompting the corresponding piston 5 of other support columns 6 to move accordingly, driving each support column 6 to perform a lifting action, so as to automatically adjust the attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 and ensure its smooth landing. Similarly, during the take-off stage, as the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 gradually rises, the ground force received by the support column 6 gradually decreases, and each support column 6 rises synchronously under the action of the pressure change in the closed cavity, providing stable support for the smooth take-off of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1.

[0031] Buffering and damping stage

[0032] When the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 encounters a sudden situation during take-off and landing, the arc-shaped elastic sheet 8 and the circular rod 9 at the bottom end of the support column 6 play a key role. When the support column 6 contacts the ground or is subjected to a shock impact, the arc-shaped elastic sheet 8 can effectively buffer the impact force by utilizing the elastic structure of its quarter circular arc, thereby reducing the direct impact on the unmanned aerial vehicle 1. The circular rod 9 is fixed at both ends of the arc-shaped elastic sheet 8 and extends beyond the arc-shaped elastic sheet 8 on both sides. This not only enhances the stability of the overall structure, but also better adapts to complex ground conditions when the arc-shaped elastic sheet 8 contacts the ground, further improving the buffering effect and ensuring the safety of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 and the aerial camera 2 and other equipment carried thereon, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the aerial surveying and mapping device.

[0033] Unmanned aerial vehicle 1 and aerial camera 2: The unmanned aerial vehicle 1 serves as the carrier of the entire device, with a high-resolution aerial camera 2 installed at the middle of the bottom end. The two are closely connected, with the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 providing a stable flight platform for the aerial camera 2, enabling it to reach the designated surveying and mapping area and obtain surveying and mapping images. The aerial camera 2 is a key component for realizing the aerial surveying and mapping function, and the image data collected by it directly determines the quality of the surveying and mapping results.

[0034] Cylinders 3, inner cavities 4, pistons 5, and support columns 6: Multiple cylinders 3 are fixed to the bottom end of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 frame, each cylinder 3 has an inner cavity 4, and the piston 5 is slidingly connected in the inner cavity 4 of the cylinder 3. The bottom end of the piston 5 is coaxially connected to the support column 6, and the support column 6 penetrates the bottom wall of the cylinder 3. This structural connection enables the support column 6 to move flexibly in the inner cavity 4 of the cylinder 3 through the piston 5. When the support column 6 is subjected to an external force from the ground, it will push the piston 5 to move in the inner cavity 4 of the cylinder 3, thereby achieving support and attitude adjustment of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1.

[0035] At the same time, the closed cavities formed between the pistons 5 and the inner cavities 4 in each cylinder 3 are interconnected. This connection enables the pressure to be transmitted between the closed cavities when different support columns 6 are subjected to different forces, thereby prompting the support columns 6 to perform corresponding lifting actions according to the pressure changes, ensuring the stable attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 during take-off, landing, and flight.

[0036] Hemispherical blocks 7 and support columns 6: The hemispherical blocks 7 are fixed to the bottom end of the support column 6, and the diameter of the hemispherical blocks 7 is greater than that of the support column 6. The design of the hemispherical blocks 7 helps to maintain the reliability of the support under complex ground conditions and reduces the instability of the support caused by uneven ground.

[0037] Arc-shaped elastic sheet 8, round rod 9 and support column 6: The bottom end of the support column 6 is fixed with the arc-shaped elastic sheet 8, both ends of the arc-shaped elastic sheet 8 are fixed with the round rod 9, and the arc-shaped elastic sheet 8 is a quarter of a circle arc, and the end of the round rod 9 extends to the outside of both sides of the arc-shaped elastic sheet 8. This close structural connection enables the arc-shaped elastic sheet 8 and the round rod 9 to work together. When the support column 6 contacts the ground, the arc-shaped elastic sheet 8 can use its elasticity to buffer the support column 6, reducing the impact on the unmanned aerial vehicle 1; the round rod 9 further enhances the stability of the overall structure, and better adapts to the ground conditions when the arc-shaped elastic sheet 8 contacts the ground, further improving the stability and buffering effect of the support.

[0038] Unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping principle

[0039] Aerial camera operation

[0040] Before the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 takes off, the operator will set the parameters of the high-resolution aerial camera 2 installed at the bottom center of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 according to the surveying and mapping task requirements, including shooting resolution, shooting angle, shooting interval time, etc. When the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 reaches the designated surveying and mapping area, the aerial camera 2 starts working according to the preset parameters. It uses the principle of optical imaging to focus the light reflected or radiated by the ground objects onto the image sensor, and the image sensor converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then through a series of signal processing and digital conversion, finally generates digital image data. For example, when conducting large-area terrain surveying and mapping, the aerial camera 2 will continuously shoot with a certain overlap rate to ensure complete coverage of the surveying and mapping area.

[0041] Flight trajectory control

[0042] The flight trajectory of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 is the key to achieving accurate surveying and mapping. The operator sends flight instructions to the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 through the ground control station or remote controller, controlling its flight direction, height, speed, etc. The flight control system inside the unmanned aerial vehicle 1, based on global positioning system (GPS), inertial navigation system (INS) and other technologies, obtains its position and attitude information in real time, and adjusts the flight according to the received instructions. For example, when performing a strip-shaped surveying and mapping task, the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 will maintain a stable flight height and speed according to the pre-planned route, ensuring that the aerial camera 2 can shoot continuous and clear images.

[0043] Image stitching and processing

[0044] The large amount of image data acquired by the aerial camera 2 needs to be processed to form complete mapping results. First, using professional image stitching software, adjacent images are spliced to form a large-area panoramic image according to feature point matching between images. Then, through geographic information system (GIS) technology, the position information recorded during the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 is combined to calibrate the geographic coordinates of the spliced image, so that it has accurate geographic position information. Finally, according to the mapping requirements, the image is further analyzed and processed, such as extracting topographic and geomorphic features, measuring the size of ground objects, etc., thereby completing the entire aerial mapping task.

[0045] The technical scope of the utility model is not only limited to the content in the above description, and the person skilled in the art can make various deformations and modifications to the above embodiment without departing from the technical thought of the utility model, and these deformations and modifications should all belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A drone aerial surveying and mapping device, characterized in that: The application relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle (1) provided with a camera (2) at the bottom end. A plurality of cylinders (3) are fixed to the bottom end of the frame of the unmanned aerial vehicle (1), each of the cylinders (3) is internally provided with an inner cavity (4), a piston (5) is slidably connected in the inner cavity (4), the bottom end of the piston (5) is coaxially connected with a supporting column (6), and the supporting column (6) penetrates through the bottom wall of the cylinder (3). The piston (5) and the inner wall of the cylinder (3) form a closed cavity, and the closed cavities in the cylinders (3) are interconnected. The bottom end of the supporting column (6) is fixed with a hemispherical block (7), and the diameter of the hemispherical block (7) is larger than that of the supporting column (6).

2. The unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom end of the supporting column (6) is fixed with an arc-shaped elastic sheet (8), and the two ends of the arc-shaped elastic sheet (8) are fixed with circular rods (9). 3.The unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device of claim 2, wherein: The arc-shaped elastic sheet (8) is a quarter of a circle, and the ends of the circular rods (9) extend to the two sides of the arc-shaped elastic sheet (8).

4. The unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston (5) and the inner cavity (4) of the cylinder (3) are slidably sealed by a sealing ring or a lubricating coating.

5. The unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The closed cavities formed between the pistons (5) and the inner walls of the cylinders (3) are interconnected by communication pipes, and the closed cavities are filled with gas or liquid medium.

6. The unmanned aerial vehicle aerial surveying and mapping device of claim 5, wherein: ​

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