Rotor punching sheet, rotor assembly, motor and vehicle
By designing magnet slot groups of different widths in the rotor laminations, the problems of complex processes and high costs caused by unreasonable rotor lamination structure design were solved, and the motor performance was improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520005522.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-02
AI Technical Summary
The existing rotor lamination structure design is unreasonable, resulting in complex processes and high costs. It cannot effectively balance the average torque and torque pulsation of the motor, thus affecting the motor performance.
Design a rotor lamination where the magnetic pole unit includes first and second magnetic slot groups. The main slot width of the first magnetic slot group is greater than the main slot width of the second magnetic slot group, and it is located inside the second magnetic slot group in the radial direction of the rotor lamination. This design simplifies the process and reduces costs while ensuring average torque and suppressing torque pulsation.
By simplifying the process and reducing costs, a balance between the average torque and torque ripple of the motor was achieved, thereby improving motor performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN223758052U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to rotor lamination technical field, especially, relate to a rotor lamination, rotor assembly, motor and vehicle. BACKGROUND
[0002] The average torque of the motor represents the maximum output capacity of the motor, and affects the acceleration per 100 kilometers of the vehicle. The torque ripple of the motor represents the NVH performance of the motor, and characterizes the quietness of the vehicle. The average torque and the torque ripple of the motor are greatly related to the structural design of the rotor lamination.
[0003] However, the existing rotor lamination has an unreasonable structural design, which leads to a complex process and high cost of the rotor lamination, and cannot well balance the average torque and the torque ripple of the motor, thereby affecting the performance of the motor. SUMMARY
[0004] The utility model solves the technical problems that the existing rotor lamination has an unreasonable structural design, which leads to a complex process and high cost of the rotor lamination, and cannot well balance the average torque and the torque ripple of the motor, thereby affecting the performance of the motor, and provides a rotor lamination, a rotor assembly, a motor, and a vehicle.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, the utility model embodiment provides a rotor lamination, which comprises a plurality of magnetic pole units arranged along the circumference of the rotor lamination, each of the magnetic pole units comprises a first magnetic steel slot group and a second magnetic steel slot group, and the second magnetic steel slot group is located on the inner side of the first magnetic steel slot group in the radial direction of the rotor lamination.
[0006] The first magnetic steel slot group comprises a first main slot suitable for inserting a first magnetic steel, and the second magnetic steel slot group comprises a second main slot suitable for inserting a second magnetic steel, and the width of the first main slot is greater than the width of the second main slot.
[0007] According to the rotor lamination provided in the utility model embodiment, the second magnetic steel slot group is located on the inner side of the first magnetic steel slot group in the radial direction of the rotor lamination, the first magnetic steel slot group comprises a first main slot for inserting a first magnetic steel, the second magnetic steel slot group comprises a second main slot for inserting a second magnetic steel, and the width of the first main slot is greater than the width of the second main slot. By setting the width of the first main slot to be greater than the width of the second main slot, the average torque can be ensured while the torque ripple is reduced, and the average torque of the motor can be ensured, the torque ripple of the motor can be suppressed, and the performance of the motor can be improved without needing to open a harmonic slot at the outer edge of the rotor lamination.
[0008] Optionally, the length of the first main slot is less than the length of the second main slot.
[0009] Optionally, a ratio of the width of the first main slot to the width of the second main slot is a, a is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5.
[0010] Optionally, a ratio of the width of the first main slot to the width of the second main slot is a, a is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3.
[0011] Optionally, an outer edge of the rotor lamination is a smooth arc surface.
[0012] Optionally, the first magnetic steel slot group comprises a first magnetic steel slot and a second magnetic steel slot arranged at intervals, and the second magnetic steel slot group comprises a third magnetic steel slot and a fourth magnetic steel slot arranged at intervals; the first magnetic steel slot and the second magnetic steel slot each comprise a first main slot, and the third magnetic steel slot and the fourth magnetic steel slot each comprise a second main slot; the first magnetic steel slot and the second magnetic steel slot form an included angle with an opening facing the outer edge of the rotor lamination, and the included angle of the first magnetic steel slot and the second magnetic steel slot ranges from 150° to 160°; the third magnetic steel slot and the fourth magnetic steel slot form an included angle with an opening facing the outer edge of the rotor lamination, and the included angle of the third magnetic steel slot and the fourth magnetic steel slot ranges from 110° to 120°.
[0013] Optionally, along the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination, the distance between the outer end of the first magnetic steel slot and the outer end of the second magnetic steel slot is less than the distance between the outer end of the third magnetic steel slot and the outer end of the fourth magnetic steel slot; and the distance between the inner end of the first magnetic steel slot and the inner end of the second magnetic steel slot is less than the distance between the inner end of the third magnetic steel slot and the inner end of the fourth magnetic steel slot.
[0014] Optionally, the rotor lamination has a d-axis and a q-axis extending in the radial direction of the rotor lamination, a single magnetic pole unit is symmetrical about the d-axis, and adjacent two magnetic pole units are symmetrical about the q-axis.
[0015] Optionally, a first magnetic isolation bridge is formed between the first magnetic steel slot group and the outer edge of the rotor lamination, and a second magnetic isolation bridge is formed between the second magnetic steel slot group and the outer edge of the rotor lamination; along the radial direction of the rotor lamination, the size of the first magnetic isolation bridge is less than the size of the second magnetic isolation bridge; and a first weight-reducing hole is arranged on the second magnetic isolation bridge.
[0016] Optionally, the minimum distance between the outer edge of the rotor lamination and the first magnetic steel is 1-2 mm, and the minimum distance between the outer edge of the rotor lamination and the second magnetic steel is 1-2 mm.
[0017] Optionally, the rotor lamination further has a second weight-reducing hole and a third weight-reducing hole, the second weight-reducing hole is located between the inner end of the first magnetic steel slot group and the outer edge of the rotor lamination along the radial direction of the rotor lamination, the third weight-reducing hole is located between the inner end of the first magnetic steel slot group and the inner end of the second magnetic steel slot group along the radial direction of the rotor lamination, the d-axis passes through the second weight-reducing hole and the third weight-reducing hole, and the second weight-reducing hole and the third weight-reducing hole are symmetrical about the d-axis.
[0018] The second weight-reducing hole is circular, and the third weight-reducing hole is in the shape of a water drop or an ellipse and extends along the d-axis.
[0019] Optionally, the rotor lamination further has a fourth weight-reducing hole, the fourth weight-reducing hole is located between the second magnetic steel slot group and the inner hole of the rotor lamination along the radial direction of the rotor lamination, the fourth weight-reducing hole is located between two adjacent magnetic pole units along the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination, the q-axis passes through the fourth weight-reducing hole, and the fourth weight-reducing hole is symmetrical about the q-axis.
[0020] In another aspect, the utility model provides a rotor assembly, comprising a rotor core, a plurality of first magnetic steels and a plurality of second magnetic steels, the rotor core is obtained by laminating a plurality of above-mentioned rotor laminations, the first magnetic steels are inserted into the first main body slots, the second magnetic steels are inserted into the second main body slots, and the width of the first magnetic steel is greater than the width of the second magnetic steel.
[0021] Optionally, the length of the first magnetic steel is less than the length of the second magnetic steel.
[0022] Optionally, the ratio of the width of the first magnetic steel to the width of the second magnetic steel is b, b is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5.
[0023] Optionally, the ratio of the width of the first magnetic steel to the width of the second magnetic steel is b, b is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3.
[0024] In still another aspect, the utility model provides an electric machine, comprising a shell, a stator assembly and the above-mentioned rotor assembly, the rotor assembly and the stator assembly are arranged in the shell, and the rotor assembly can rotate relative to the stator assembly.
[0025] In still another aspect, the utility model provides a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned electric machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a rotor lamination provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
[0027] Figure 2 is a partial schematic view of a rotor lamination provided by an embodiment of the utility model.
[0028] Figure 3 is the efficiency Map diagram of the motor using the rotor lamination of the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0029] Figure 4 is the maximum external characteristic diagram of the motor using the rotor lamination of the embodiment of the present utility model.
[0030] The reference signs in the specification are as follows:
[0031] 100, rotor lamination; 101, inner hole; 10, magnetic pole unit; V1, first magnetic steel; V2, second magnetic steel;
[0032] 1, first magnetic steel slot group; 11, first main slot; 12, first magnetic steel slot; 121, first structure slot; 122, second structure slot; 13, second magnetic steel slot; 2, second magnetic steel slot group; 21, second main slot; 22, third magnetic steel slot; 221, third structure slot; 222, fourth structure slot; 23, fourth magnetic steel slot; 3, first magnetic isolation bridge; 4, second magnetic isolation bridge; 5, first weight-reducing hole; 6, second weight-reducing hole; 7, third weight-reducing hole; 8, fourth weight-reducing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present utility model more clearly understood, the present utility model is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and do not limit the present utility model.
[0034] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an embodiment of the present utility model provides a rotor lamination 100, which comprises a plurality of magnetic pole units 10 arranged along the circumference of the rotor lamination 100, each magnetic pole unit 10 comprises a first magnetic steel slot group 1 and a second magnetic steel slot group 2, the second magnetic steel slot group 2 is located on the inner side of the first magnetic steel slot group 1 in the radial direction of the rotor lamination 100; the first magnetic steel slot group 1 comprises a first main slot 11 suitable for inserting a first magnetic steel V1, the second magnetic steel slot group 2 comprises a second main slot 21 suitable for inserting a second magnetic steel V2, the width of the first main slot 11 is greater than the width of the second main slot 21. The first main slot 11 and the second main slot 21 have a long side and a short side, here, the long side size of the first main slot 11 is defined as the length of the first main slot 11, and the short side size of the first main slot 11 is defined as the width of the first main slot 11. Similarly, the long side size of the second main slot 21 is defined as the length of the second main slot 21, and the short side size of the second main slot 21 is defined as the width of the second main slot 21.
[0035] Therefore, the first main slot 11 and the second main slot 21 can be rectangular or quasi-rectangular, for example, the four corners of the rectangle are chamfered (bevel or round corner). The foregoing shape is only an example and does not constitute a limitation on the present embodiment. The first main slot 11 and the second main slot 21 of the present embodiment can also be other shapes with long and short sides.
[0036] Herein, the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 is the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100, the inner side is the side of the rotor lamination 100 pointing to the center, and the outer side is the side of the rotor lamination 100 pointing to the outer edge.
[0037] It should be noted that, since the first main slot 11 is used for inserting the first magnetic steel V1, and the second main slot 12 is used for inserting the second magnetic steel V2, in order to stably install the first magnetic steel V1 and the second magnetic steel V2 in the first main slot 11 and the second main slot 12, the size of the first main slot 11 should be slightly larger than the size of the first magnetic steel V1, and both increase or decrease by the same ratio, and the size of the second main slot 12 should be slightly larger than the size of the second magnetic steel V2, and both increase or decrease by the same ratio. At the same time, since the change of the size of the magnetic steel will have different effects on the performance of the motor (such as average torque and torque ripple), the size of the main slot for inserting the magnetic steel on the rotor lamination 100 is also particularly critical.
[0038] According to the rotor lamination 100 of the present application, the second magnetic steel slot group 2 is located on the inner side of the first magnetic steel slot group 1 in the radial direction of the rotor lamination 100, the first magnetic steel slot group 1 includes the first main slot 11 for inserting the first magnetic steel V1, the second magnetic steel slot group 2 includes the second main slot 21 for inserting the second magnetic steel V2, and the width of the first main slot 11 is greater than the width of the second main slot 21. In the prior art, the width of the first main slot 11 is usually smaller than the width of the second main slot 21. In order to achieve balance of average torque and torque ripple, the reduction of torque ripple needs to rely on the harmonic slot on the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100, resulting in complex process and high cost of the rotor lamination. The inventors of the present application found through experimental simulation that reducing the width of the second main slot 21 and increasing the width of the first main slot 11 is beneficial to ensuring the average torque while reducing the torque ripple when the width of the second main slot 21 is smaller than the width of the first main slot 11, and at the same time, there is no need to open a harmonic slot on the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100. Therefore, the present application sets the width of the first main slot 11 to be greater than the width of the second main slot 21, so that the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 can ensure the average torque while reducing the torque ripple without opening a harmonic slot, which can simplify the process of the rotor lamination 100, reduce the cost, ensure the average torque of the motor, suppress the torque ripple of the motor, and improve the performance of the motor.
[0039] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1, the ratio of the width of the first main slot 11 to the width of the second main slot 21 is a, a is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5. Taking the average torque and torque ripple of the motor as performance indicators, through the design of different size combinations of the first magnetic steel V1 and the second magnetic steel V2 and simulation tests, it can be concluded that when the ratio of the width of the first magnetic steel V1 to the width of the second magnetic steel V2 is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5, the motor has a higher average torque, and the torque ripple is smaller, so that the motor has good performance. Further, the ratio a of the width of the first main slot 11 to the width of the second main slot 21 should be set to be greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5.
[0040] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , the ratio of the width of the first main slot 11 to the width of the second main slot 21 is a, a is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3. On the basis of the above embodiment, further considering the influence of the ratio of the width of the first main slot 11 to the width of the second main slot 21 on the demagnetization performance of the motor, since the demagnetization performance of the motor is directly related to the width of the first magnetic steel V1 and the second magnetic steel V2, and the width of the first magnetic steel V1 and the second magnetic steel V2 is determined by the width of the first main slot 11 and the width of the second main slot 21, therefore, in the simulation test, “whether demagnetization” is further introduced as the main evaluation index to determine the preferred range of the ratio a, through the simulation test, it can be concluded that when the value of a exceeds 3, the motor starts to demagnetize, and the motor performance becomes poor, so it is preferred that a is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3.
[0041] In an embodiment, the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 is a smooth arc surface, that is, the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 is not slotted. In the prior art, in order to reduce the torque ripple of the motor and solve the NVH problem of the motor, a harmonic slot is usually opened on the outer edge of the rotor lamination. However, in the present application, since the width of the first main slot 11 is set to be greater than the width of the second main slot 21, the torque ripple of the motor can be suppressed, and therefore the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 can be set to a smooth arc surface without harmonic slots, so as to ensure the balance of the electromagnetic mechanical properties and NVH of the motor, and it is more conducive to the processing and manufacturing of the rotor lamination 100, and the cost is lower.
[0042] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1The first magnetic steel slot group 1 comprises the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 which are arranged at intervals, and the second magnetic steel slot group 2 comprises the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 which are arranged at intervals; the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 each comprise a first main slot 11, and the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 each comprise a second main slot 21; the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 form an included angle with an opening facing the outer edge of the rotor punching sheet 100, and the included angle of the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 ranges from 150° to 160°; the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 form an included angle with an opening facing the outer edge of the rotor punching sheet 100, and the included angle of the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 ranges from 110° to 120°. The first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 are located in the included angle opening of the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23.
[0043] As an example, the included angle of the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 can be 150°, 152°, 154°, 156°, 158° or 160°, and the included angle of the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 can be 110°, 112°, 114°, 116°, 118° or 120°.
[0044] It should be noted that the included angle of the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 is the included angle formed by the long sides of the two first main slots 11, and the included angle of the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 is the included angle formed by the long sides of the two second main slots 21. The included angle of the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 and the included angle of the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 can be adjusted according to the size of the rotor punching sheet.
[0045] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , along the circumference of the rotor punching sheet 100, the distance between the outer end of the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the outer end of the second magnetic steel slot 13 is less than the distance between the outer end of the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the outer end of the fourth magnetic steel slot 23; the distance between the inner end of the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the inner end of the second magnetic steel slot 13 is less than the distance between the inner end of the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the inner end of the fourth magnetic steel slot 23. Wherein, the inner end refers to the end of the magnetic steel slot close to the radially inner side of the rotor punching sheet 100, and the outer end refers to the end of the magnetic steel slot close to the radially outer side of the rotor punching sheet 100.
[0046] Since the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 are located in the included angle opening of the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23, the first magnetic steel slot group 1 composed of the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 occupies a smaller space, the mass of the region is smaller, the centrifugal force generated is smaller, and the influence on the strength of the rotor punching sheet 100 is smaller, so the inner end distance of the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 can be set smaller, and the space saved can be filled with more first magnetic steel V1 in the first magnetic steel slot group 2 to improve the magnetic aggregation. The second magnetic steel slot group 2 occupies a larger space, the mass of the region is larger, the centrifugal force generated is larger, and the influence on the strength of the rotor punching sheet 100 is larger, so the inner end distance of the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 should be set larger to release stress and improve the strength of the rotor punching sheet 100. Therefore, the inner end distance of the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 is set to be smaller than the inner end distance of the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 in the embodiment, which can improve the magnetic aggregation on the premise of ensuring the strength of the rotor punching sheet 100.
[0047] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , the length of the first main slot 11 is smaller than the length of the second main slot 21. Since the included angle openings of the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 and the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 are all towards the outer edge of the rotor punching sheet 100, and the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 are located in the included angle opening of the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23, the length of the first main slot 11 is set to be smaller than the length of the second main slot 21, which is more conducive to arranging more magnetic steels in a limited space.
[0048] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the rotor punching sheet 100 has a d-axis and a q-axis extending along the radial direction of the rotor punching sheet 100, a single magnetic pole unit 10 is symmetrical about the d-axis, and adjacent two magnetic pole units 10 are symmetrical about the q-axis.
[0049] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , from the radial inner side to the radial outer side of the rotor punching sheet 100, the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 gradually move away from the d-axis, and the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 gradually move away from the d-axis. The first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 are symmetrical about the d-axis, and the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 are symmetrical about the d-axis.
[0050] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2The first magnetic steel slot group 1 and the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 form a first magnetic isolation bridge 3, and the second magnetic steel slot group 2 and the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 form a second magnetic isolation bridge 4. In the radial direction of the rotor lamination 100, the size of the first magnetic isolation bridge 3 is smaller than the size of the second magnetic isolation bridge 4.
[0051] In an embodiment, the second magnetic isolation bridge 4 is provided with a first weight-reducing hole 5. The first weight-reducing hole 5 plays a role in reducing weight and releasing stress of the second magnetic isolation bridge 4, and can reduce magnetic flux leakage. For example, for a motor with an outer diameter of 210 mm, the maximum speed of the motor can reach 20,000 rpm or more.
[0052] In an embodiment, the minimum distance between the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 and the first magnetic steel V1 is 1-2 mm, and the minimum distance between the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 and the second magnetic steel V2 is 1-2 mm. In addition, the distance range between the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 and the first magnetic steel V1, and the distance range between the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 and the second magnetic steel V2, can be determined according to the centrifugal force generated by the motor speed of 20,000 rpm and the size of the rotor assembly.
[0053] As an example, the minimum distance between the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 and the first magnetic steel V1 can be 1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm or 2 mm, and the minimum distance between the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 and the second magnetic steel V2 can be 1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm or 2 mm.
[0054] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the rotor lamination 100 is further provided with a second weight-reducing hole 6 and a third weight-reducing hole 7. In the radial direction of the rotor lamination 100, the second weight-reducing hole 6 is located between the inner end of the first magnetic steel slot group 1 (the end close to the center of the rotor lamination 100) and the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100, and the third weight-reducing hole 7 is located between the inner end of the first magnetic steel slot group 1 and the inner end of the second magnetic steel slot group 2. The d-axis passes through the second weight-reducing hole 6 and the third weight-reducing hole 7, and the second weight-reducing hole 6 and the third weight-reducing hole 7 are symmetrical about the d-axis.
[0055] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2The second weight-reducing hole 6 is circular, and the third weight-reducing hole 7 is in the shape of a water drop or an ellipse and extends along the d-axis. The shapes and positions of the second weight-reducing hole 6 and the third weight-reducing hole 7 are determined according to the shape and position of the low stress distribution in the area. The second weight-reducing hole 6 is located in the low stress area between the first magnetic steel slot group 1 and the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100, and the third weight-reducing hole 7 is located in the low stress area between the first magnetic steel slot group 1 and the second magnetic steel slot group 2. By arranging the weight-reducing holes in the low stress area in accordance with the shape and position of the low stress distribution, on the one hand, the weight of the rotor lamination 100 can be reduced without affecting the structural strength, and on the other hand, the internal stress of the rotor lamination 100 can be dispersed and released, so as to avoid stress concentration, thereby improving the fatigue life and reliability of the rotor lamination 100.
[0056] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 1 The fourth weight-reducing hole 8 is further arranged on the rotor lamination 100, along the radial direction of the rotor lamination 100, the fourth weight-reducing hole 8 is located between the second magnetic steel slot group 2 and the inner hole 101 of the rotor lamination 100, along the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination, the fourth weight-reducing hole is located between two adjacent magnetic pole units 10, the q-axis passes through the fourth weight-reducing hole, and the fourth weight-reducing hole is symmetrical about the q-axis.
[0057] Referring to Figure 1 The two ends of the first magnetic steel slot 12 and the second magnetic steel slot 13 are provided with a first structure slot 121 and a second structure slot 122, and the first main body slot 11 is connected between the first structure slot 121 and the second structure slot 122.
[0058] Referring to Figure 1 The two ends of the third magnetic steel slot 22 and the fourth magnetic steel slot 23 are provided with a third structure slot 221 and a fourth structure slot 222, and the second main body slot 21 is connected between the third structure slot 221 and the fourth structure slot 222.
[0059] On the other hand, the utility model provides a rotor assembly, comprising a rotor core, a plurality of first magnetic steel V1 and a plurality of second magnetic steel V2, the rotor core is obtained by laminating a plurality of above-mentioned rotor laminations 100. Specifically, each rotor lamination 100 is stacked at a certain angle to form a rotor core. The first magnetic steel V1 is inserted into the first main body slot 11, and the second magnetic steel V2 is inserted into the second main body slot 21. The width of the first magnetic steel V1 is greater than the width of the second magnetic steel V2. The plurality herein refers to two or more.
[0060] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 2 The length of the first magnetic steel V1 is less than the length of the second magnetic steel V2.
[0061] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 2The ratio of the width of the first magnetic steel V1 to the width of the second magnetic steel V2 is b, b is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5.
[0062] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 2 The ratio of the width of the first magnetic steel V1 to the width of the second magnetic steel V2 is b, b is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3.
[0063] The width direction of the first magnetic steel V1 corresponds to the width direction of the first main slot 11, the length direction of the first magnetic steel V1 corresponds to the length direction of the first main slot 11, the width direction of the second magnetic steel V2 corresponds to the width direction of the second main slot 21, and the length direction of the second magnetic steel V2 corresponds to the length direction of the second main slot 21.
[0064] Referring to Figure 2 The width of the first magnetic steel V1 is C, and the length of the first magnetic steel V1 is D; the width of the second magnetic steel V2 is A, and the length of the second magnetic steel V2 is B.
[0065] The first magnetic steel V1 and the rotor punching sheet 100 are fixed by magnetic steel glue or injection molding glue, and the second magnetic steel V2 and the rotor punching sheet 100 are fixed by magnetic steel glue or injection molding glue.
[0066] In another aspect, the utility model provides a kind of motor, including the rotor subassembly of above-mentioned embodiment.
[0067] The motor further includes a housing and a stator assembly, the rotor assembly and the stator assembly are disposed in the housing, and the rotor assembly can rotate relative to the stator assembly.
[0068] In another aspect, the utility model provides a kind of vehicle, including the motor of above-mentioned embodiment.
[0069] The vehicle is a new energy vehicle, such as a hybrid vehicle or a pure electric vehicle.
[0070] Figure 3For the efficiency Map diagram of the motor using the rotor lamination 100 of the embodiment of the present application, the color depth corresponds to the value size, the deeper the color, the larger the value, and the larger the efficiency value of the motor. Figure 1 As can be seen from the figure, the area with efficiency greater than 80% accounts for 97.43%, and the area with efficiency greater than 90% accounts for 87.56%. The distribution area of the motor with efficiency greater than 96% is large, which is higher than the scheme using the conventional rotor lamination in the prior art. Figure 3 In the figure, the horizontal coordinate is the speed of the motor, and the vertical coordinate is the torque of the motor.
[0071] Figure 4 The figure is the maximum external characteristic diagram of the motor using the rotor lamination 100 of the embodiment of the present application, representing the maximum operating capacity of the motor, especially after the turning point, after entering the field weakening, the power can still be maintained, indicating that the performance characteristics of the motor are stable, the power remains stable and does not drop with the increase of the speed of the motor, which is good for the continuous performance of the vehicle and is conducive to the acceleration performance of the highest speed. Figure 4 In the figure, the horizontal coordinate is the speed of the motor, the left vertical coordinate is the torque of the motor, and the right vertical coordinate is the power of the motor. The red line represents the maximum torque curve, and the black line represents the maximum power curve. The maximum external characteristic data is shown in the following table:
[0072]
[0073] The motor of the present application has the following design method:
[0074] Firstly, the average torque Tavg and the torque ripple Tpkavg of the motor are taken as the optimization targets, and the level values of the optimization parameters A, B, C and D are determined.
[0075] Further, an experimental orthogonal table is established, and relevant experimental results are obtained through finite element simulation.
[0076] Further, the data obtained through finite element simulation are processed, the influence proportion of each optimization parameter on the optimization targets average torque Tavg and torque ripple Tpkavg is analyzed, and the optimal parameter combination scheme is determined.
[0077] The optimization parameters A, B, C and D and the level values are shown in Table 1.
[0078] Table 1 Optimization parameters and level values
[0079]
[0080] Further, the average torque Tavg and the torque ripple Tpkavg under the rated operating condition are selected as the optimization targets, an orthogonal table is established, and the corresponding optimization target values are obtained through finite element simulation, and the obtained results are shown in Table 2.
[0081] Table 2 Experimental matrix and finite element simulation results
[0082]
[0083] Further, the influence of each optimization parameter on the target needs to be studied by first performing average value analysis on the orthogonal experiment results. For example, the average value of the average torque Tavg of the second magnetic steel V2 at level 1 is calculated, as shown in equation (1); the average value of the torque ripple Tpkavg of the second magnetic steel V2 at level 1 is calculated, as shown in equation (2). Similarly, the average values of each performance index at each level of other variables can be calculated, and the results are shown in Table 3.
[0084] Tavg(A1) = 1 / 3 [Tavg(1) + Tavg(2) + Tavg(3)] (1)
[0085] In the above equation (1), Tavg(n) is the value of the average torque at the nth experiment; and Tavg(A1) is the average value of the average torque at level 1 of the variable A.
[0086] Tpkavg(A1) = 1 / 3 [Tpkavg(1) + Tpkavg(2) + Tpkavg(3)] (2)
[0087] In the above equation (2), Tpkavg(n) is the value of the torque ripple at the nth experiment; and Tpkavg(A1) is the average value of the torque ripple at level 1 of the variable A.
[0088] Table 3 Average values of each performance index at each level of each parameter
[0089]
[0090] Further, the influence of each optimization parameter on the target needs to be studied by first performing average value analysis on the orthogonal experiment results. For example, the average value of the average torque Tavg of the second magnetic steel V2 at level 1 is calculated, as shown in equation (1); the average value of the torque ripple Tpkavg of the second magnetic steel V2 at level 1 is calculated, as shown in equation (2). Similarly, the average values of each performance index at each level of other variables can be calculated, and the results are shown in Table 3. The proportion of the influence of each optimization parameter on the optimization target value can be obtained by analyzing the variance value The calculation formula is:
[0091] ;
[0092] In the above equation, Tavg(Ai) is the average value of a performance index at level i of the variable A in Table 3; is the sum of the average values of a performance index at all levels. The variance value The calculation results are shown in Table 4.
[0093] Table 4 Variance and weight of performance index at 3 levels of each optimization parameter
[0094]
[0095] Further, from Table 3, Table 4, it can be known that the main factors affecting the average torque of the motor are variable B and variable C, the greater the values of variable B and variable C, the greater the average torque of the motor, and thus the average torque of the motor can be improved by increasing the width of the first magnetic steel V1 and the length of the second magnetic steel V2; the main factors affecting the torque ripple are variable A and variable C, the smaller the value of variable A and the greater the value of variable C, the smaller the torque ripple, and thus the torque ripple of the motor can be suppressed by increasing the width of the first magnetic steel V1 and reducing the width of the second magnetic steel V2. The optimal combination of the corresponding level values of the optimization parameters is determined with the maximum average torque and the minimum torque ripple as the target, the average torque is ensured, and the torque ripple is reduced.
[0096] Further, the influence of the relative size of the width (C) of the first magnetic steel V1 and the width (A) of the second magnetic steel V2 on the average torque and the torque ripple is studied in the case of whether the rotor outer edge is provided with a harmonic slot, and simulation analysis is performed with the average torque and the torque ripple as the optimization target, and the results are shown in Table 5.
[0097] Table 5
[0098]
[0099] From Table 5, it can be known that when A>C and A=C, the torque ripple is reduced by providing the rotor outer edge with a harmonic slot, and when A
[0100] Further, the outer diameter range of the rotor assembly is first customized to be within a reasonable range, for example, 140-150 mm, which can be adjusted according to the size of the rotor assembly.
[0101] Further, the positions of the first magnetic steel V1 and the second magnetic steel V2 are set, which can be flexibly adjusted to meet different requirements while meeting the performance, the position of the first magnetic steel V1 is selected within a suitable distance from the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100, for example, 1-2 mm; the position of the second magnetic steel V2 is selected within a suitable distance from the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100, for example, 1-2 mm. The above distance can be adjusted according to the size of the rotor assembly.
[0102] Further, the included angles of the first and second magnetic steel slots 12 and 13 and the included angles of the third and fourth magnetic steel slots 22 and 23 are set respectively. To ensure performance, the included angles of the first and second magnetic steel slots 12 and 13 and the included angles of the third and fourth magnetic steel slots 22 and 23 are also critical. The included angles of the first and second magnetic steel slots 12 and 13 are selected between 150° and 160°, and the included angles of the third and fourth magnetic steel slots 22 and 23 are selected between 110° and 120°. The above-mentioned included angles can be adjusted according to the size of the rotor lamination 100.
[0103] Further, the ratio range of the width (C) of the first magnetic steel V1 to the width (A) of the second magnetic steel V2 is studied to affect the average torque, torque ripple and demagnetization performance. The simulation analysis is performed with the average torque, torque ripple and demagnetization as the optimization target. The results are shown in Table 6.
[0104] Table 6
[0105]
[0106] Further, the width dimensions of the first and second main slots 11 and 21 are constrained (i.e. the width dimensions of the first and second magnetic steels V1 and V2 are constrained). Through the selection of the average torque and the demagnetization check, the width dimension ratio of the first and second main slots 11 and 21 (i.e. the width dimension ratio b of the first and second magnetic steels V1 and V2) is determined. As can be seen from Table 6, under the condition of considering the average torque and torque ripple, the advantage range of the average torque is 215.98 Nm to 266.2 Nm, and the advantage range of the torque ripple is 3.3634% to 4.2805%, i.e. the range of b is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5. However, since the demagnetization performance of the motor is directly related to the width of the first and second magnetic steels V1 and V2, it can be seen from the simulation test that the motor starts to demagnetize when the value of b exceeds 3, and the performance of the motor becomes poor. Therefore, when the "demagnetization" is introduced as an additional consideration condition, the optimal range of the average torque and torque ripple is 215.98 Nm to 253.92 Nm and 3.3634% to 3.5433% respectively, and thus the preferred range of b is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3. Further, by reasonably selecting the size of the first and second magnetic steels V1 and V2, the average torque can be improved while the torque ripple is reduced.
[0107] Further, after determining the basic topology of the rotor lamination 100, the mechanical performance is checked, and the structural strength is optimized while meeting the performance and leaving a margin.
[0108] Further, in order to ensure that the rotor lamination 100 with a large outer diameter meets the requirements of high speed and high strength, the first weight-reducing hole 5, the second weight-reducing hole 6, the third weight-reducing hole 7 and the fourth weight-reducing hole 8 are dug on the rotor lamination 100 to reduce the mass of the rotor lamination 100, release stress and improve the speed of the motor, so that the stress of the whole scheme meets the characteristics of the material itself.
[0109] Further, the stator scheme is designed and optimized finally to meet the requirements of NVH, efficiency, demagnetization, mechanical characteristics, strength and other dimensions of the motor, and the scheme is frozen.
[0110] It can be seen from the above test analysis process that the width of the first main slot 11 is set to be greater than the width of the second main slot 21, so that the outer edge of the rotor lamination 100 does not need to be provided with a harmonic slot to ensure the average torque while reducing the torque ripple, so that the process of the rotor lamination 100 is simplified, the cost is reduced, the average torque of the motor is ensured, the torque ripple of the motor is inhibited, and the performance of the motor is improved.
[0111] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A rotor lamination, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of magnetic pole units arranged circumferentially along the rotor lamination, each magnetic pole unit including a first magnetic slot group and a second magnetic slot group, the second magnetic slot group being located inside the first magnetic slot group in the radial direction of the rotor lamination; The first magnet slot group includes a first main slot suitable for inserting a first magnet, and the second magnet slot group includes a second main slot suitable for inserting a second magnet. The width of the first main slot is greater than the width of the second main slot.
2. The rotor lamination as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the first main body groove is less than the length of the second main body groove.
3. The rotor lamination as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the width of the first main body groove to the width of the second main body groove is a, where a is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5.
4. The rotor lamination as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio of the width of the first main body groove to the width of the second main body groove is a, where a is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3.
5. The rotor lamination as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer edge of the rotor lamination is a smooth arc surface.
6. The rotor lamination as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first magnet slot group includes a first magnet slot and a second magnet slot arranged at intervals, and the second magnet slot group includes a third magnet slot and a fourth magnet slot arranged at intervals; each of the first and second magnet slots includes a first main slot, and each of the third and fourth magnet slots includes a second main slot; the first magnet slot and the second magnet slot form an angle with their openings facing the outer edge of the rotor lamination, and the angle between the first magnet slot and the second magnet slot is in the range of 150°-160°; the third magnet slot and the fourth magnet slot form an angle with their openings facing the outer edge of the rotor lamination, and the angle between the third magnet slot and the fourth magnet slot is in the range of 110°-120°.
7. The rotor lamination as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Along the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination, the distance between the outer end of the first magnet slot and the outer end of the second magnet slot is less than the distance between the outer end of the third magnet slot and the outer end of the fourth magnet slot; the distance between the inner end of the first magnet slot and the inner end of the second magnet slot is less than the distance between the inner end of the third magnet slot and the inner end of the fourth magnet slot.
8. The rotor lamination as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor lamination has a d-axis and a q-axis extending radially along the rotor lamination, a single magnetic pole unit is symmetrical about the d-axis, and two adjacent magnetic pole units are symmetrical about the q-axis.
9. The rotor lamination as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A first magnetic isolation bridge is formed between the first magnetic slot group and the outer edge of the rotor lamination, and a second magnetic isolation bridge is formed between the second magnetic slot group and the outer edge of the rotor lamination; the size of the first magnetic isolation bridge is smaller than the size of the second magnetic isolation bridge along the radial direction of the rotor lamination; a first weight reduction hole is provided on the second magnetic isolation bridge.
10. The rotor lamination as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The minimum distance between the outer edge of the rotor lamination and the first magnet is 1-2 mm, and the minimum distance between the outer edge of the rotor lamination and the second magnet is 1-2 mm.
11. The rotor lamination as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The rotor lamination is also provided with a second weight reduction hole and a third weight reduction hole. Along the radial direction of the rotor lamination, the second weight reduction hole is located between the inner end of the first magnet slot group and the outer edge of the rotor lamination, and the third weight reduction hole is located between the inner end of the first magnet slot group and the inner end of the second magnet slot group. The d-axis passes through the second weight reduction hole and the third weight reduction hole, and the second weight reduction hole and the third weight reduction hole are symmetrical about the d-axis. The second weight-reducing hole is circular, and the third weight-reducing hole is teardrop-shaped or elliptical, extending along the d-axis.
12. The rotor lamination as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The rotor lamination is also provided with a fourth weight reduction hole. Along the radial direction of the rotor lamination, the fourth weight reduction hole is located between the second magnet slot group and the inner hole of the rotor lamination. Along the circumferential direction of the rotor lamination, the fourth weight reduction hole is located between two adjacent magnetic pole units. The q-axis passes through the fourth weight reduction hole, and the fourth weight reduction hole is symmetrical about the q-axis.
13. A rotor assembly, characterized in that, It includes a rotor core, a plurality of first magnets and a plurality of second magnets. The rotor core is obtained by stacking a plurality of rotor laminations as described in any one of claims 1-12. The first magnets are inserted into the first main body slots, and the second magnets are inserted into the second main body slots. The width of the first magnets is greater than the width of the second magnets.
14. The rotor assembly as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that, The length of the first magnet is less than the length of the second magnet.
15. The rotor assembly as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that, The ratio of the width of the first magnet to the width of the second magnet is b, where b is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 5.
16. The rotor assembly as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that, The ratio of the width of the first magnet to the width of the second magnet is b, where b is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 3.
17. An electric motor, characterized in that, It includes a housing, a stator assembly, and a rotor assembly as described in any one of claims 13-16, wherein the rotor assembly and the stator assembly are disposed in the housing, and the rotor assembly is rotatable relative to the stator assembly.
18. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the motor as described in claim 17.