Rapid incinerator for medical waste

Abstract

The utility model discloses a medical waste fast incinerator which comprises a rotary kiln, a gasification chamber, a secondary combustion chamber, a first draught fan and a second draught fan, a discharging port of the rotary kiln is communicated with a feeding port of the gasification chamber, a fire grate is arranged in the gasification chamber and located on the lower portion of the gasification chamber, the secondary combustion chamber is communicated with the gasification chamber, and the side wall of the secondary combustion chamber is connected with a first combustor. An air outlet of the first fan is connected with a first air supply pipe and a second air supply pipe, an air outlet of the first air supply pipe is communicated with the rotary kiln, the first air supply pipe is provided with an air door, an air outlet of the second air supply pipe is located below the fire grate and communicated with the gasification chamber, and an air outlet of the second fan is connected with a third air supply pipe and a fourth air supply pipe. An air outlet of the third air supply pipe is communicated with the gasification chamber, an air outlet of the fourth air supply pipe is communicated with the second combustion chamber, the incinerator is mainly used for medium and low temperature gasification under the oxygen-deficient condition, compared with a traditional rotary kiln, the combustion heat intensity in the rotary kiln is reduced, and the coking phenomenon caused by the too high temperature in the rotary kiln is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to medical waste treatment technical field, concretely relates to a medical waste fast incinerator. BACKGROUND

[0002] According to the regulation in medical waste management regulation, it is pointed out that medical waste is the waste with direct or indirect infectivity, toxicity and other harmfulness generated in medical, prevention, health care and other related activities of medical and health institutions.

[0003] At present, the most commonly used solid waste incinerator in China includes grate incinerator, hearth incinerator, fluidized bed incinerator and rotary kiln incinerator. Among them, the rotary kiln incinerator has the advantages of good material adaptability, fast incineration, simple operation and easy control, however, the traditional rotary kiln is dominated by high-temperature combustion reaction, and the problem of kiln coking occurs in actual operation, especially when treating waste with low water content and high calorific value, the kiln coking is more likely to occur, which hinders the normal operation of the kiln and affects the incineration efficiency. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The utility model provides a medical waste fast incinerator, can solve above -mentioned technical problem.

[0005] The utility model realizes by the following technical scheme:

[0006] A medical waste fast incinerator, including rotary kiln, gasification chamber, second combustion chamber, first fan and second fan,

[0007] The discharge port of rotary kiln communicates with the feeding port of gasification chamber, and the temperature of rotary kiln is 680 DEG C to 830 DEG C;

[0008] The grate is arranged in the gasification chamber and at the lower part of the gasification chamber, and the bottom of the gasification chamber is provided with a first slag discharge port;

[0009] The second combustion chamber communicates with the gasification chamber, the sidewall of the second combustion chamber is connected with the first burner, and the bottom of the second combustion chamber is provided with a second slag discharge port;

[0010] The air outlet of the first fan is connected with the first air supply pipe and the second air supply pipe, the air outlet of the first air supply pipe communicates with the rotary kiln, the first air supply pipe is provided with an air door, and the air outlet of the second air supply pipe is located below the grate and communicates with the gasification chamber;

[0011] The air outlet of the second fan is connected with the third air supply pipe and the fourth air supply pipe, the air outlet of the third air supply pipe communicates with the gasification chamber, and the air outlet of the fourth air supply pipe communicates with the second combustion chamber.

[0012] Further, the fourth air supply pipe is provided with an air supply branch pipe, an air outlet of the fourth air supply pipe is communicated with an upper part of the second combustion chamber, and an air outlet of the air supply branch pipe is communicated with a middle part of the second combustion chamber.

[0013] Further, the gasification chamber is provided with a second burner above the grate.

[0014] Further, the rotary kiln is provided with a temperature measuring instrument.

[0015] Further, the grate comprises a reciprocating grate.

[0016] Further, the inclination angle of the grate is 15-19°.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0018] A kind of medical waste quick incinerator, including rotary kiln, gasification chamber and second combustion chamber, medical waste is sent into rotary kiln by kiln head of rotary kiln, with rotary kiln slowly rotates, medical waste is constantly moved forward, control damper to make rotary kiln be in oxygen deficiency condition, medical waste is sequentially preheated, dried, pyrolyzed, gasification under oxygen deficiency condition, residual slag not completely gasified enters gasification chamber for further gasification reaction with the rotation of rotary kiln, solid residue is fully burnt in the burnout grate in the lower part of gasification chamber, gasification produced gas enters second combustion chamber, mixed with combustion air here and carries out high-temperature combustion, realizes the decomposition and incineration of toxic and harmful substances, the incinerator of the present application is mainly low-temperature gasification under oxygen deficiency condition, compared with traditional rotary kiln, reduces the combustion heat intensity in rotary kiln, improves the coking phenomenon caused by excessively high temperature in kiln, makes rotary kiln normal operation, does not affect incineration efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the utility model, constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute the limitation to the embodiments of the utility model. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic view of a kind of medical waste quick incinerator of the embodiments of the utility model.

[0021] Mark and corresponding component name in drawing:

[0022] 10-rotary kiln, 11-temperature measuring instrument, 12-controller;

[0023] 20-gasification chamber, 21-grate, 22-first slagging port, 23-second burner;

[0024] 30-second combustion chamber, 31-first burner, 32-second slagging port;

[0025] 40-first fan, 41-first air supply pipe, 411-air door, 42-second air supply pipe;

[0026] 50-second fan, 51-third air supply pipe, 52-fourth air supply pipe, 521-air supply branch pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clearly, the utility model is further described in detail below in combination with examples and drawings, the illustrative embodiment of the utility model and its description are only used to explain the utility model, and do not serve as the limitation of the utility model.

[0028] EMBODIMENT

[0029] A kind of medical waste fast incinerator, including rotary kiln 102 °, 3 °, 4 ° or 5 °, according to the physical characteristics of the medical waste handled, such as density, granularity, humidity and adhesion adjustment the angle of rotary kiln 10, the discharge port of rotary kiln 10 is communicated with the feed inlet of gasification chamber 20.

[0030] Grate 21 is arranged in gasification chamber 20 and at its lower part, the bottom of gasification chamber 20 is provided with first slagging port, for example, reciprocating grate 21, reciprocating grate 21 can effectively push and mix residual slag, ensure that residual slag is fully burnt on grate 21, according to actual operation experience, the inclination angle of grate 21 is 15 ° ~ 19 °, for example, 16 °, 17 ° or 18 °, inclined grate 21 helps to promote residual slag to move downward along grate 21, prevent residual slag from rolling back, ensure that residual slag continuously passes through grate 21 and enters first slagging port.

[0031] Second combustion chamber 30 is communicated with gasification chamber 20, the side wall of second combustion chamber 30 is connected with first burner 31, so that the gasification gas generated by rotary kiln 10 or gasification chamber 20 is burned, and the toxic and harmful substances are decomposed and destroyed at high temperature, the bottom of second combustion chamber 30 is provided with second slagging port 32, for example, vertical multi-return arrangement is adopted, and the toxic and harmful substances are decomposed and destroyed for a long enough time, especially suitable for high-limited sites, and gas-solid separation of dust-containing flue gas can be realized under the inertial effect at the turning place.

[0032] The air outlet of the first fan 40 is connected with the first air supply pipe 41 and the second air supply pipe 42, the air outlet of the first air supply pipe 41 communicates with the rotary kiln 10 to provide air required for combustion, for example, the air outlet of the first air supply pipe communicates with the kiln head of the rotary kiln 10, and the air supply at the kiln head helps to form uniform temperature and oxygen distribution in the kiln, the first air supply pipe 41 is provided with an air door 411, and the combustion speed of the material in the kiln is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the air door 411, especially in the gasification process, controlling the oxygen supply amount can promote the gasification reaction rather than complete combustion, and the air outlet of the second air supply pipe 42 is located below the grate 21 and communicates with the gasification chamber 20, and the air supply below the grate 21 helps to provide combustion-supporting air for the burnout of the gasification residues.

[0033] The air outlet of the second fan 50 is connected with the third air supply pipe 51 and the fourth air supply pipe 52, the air outlet of the third air supply pipe 51 communicates with the gasification chamber 20, and the air outlet of the fourth air supply pipe 52 communicates with the secondary combustion chamber 30 to provide air required for combustion for the gasification chamber 20 and the secondary combustion chamber 30.

[0034] A medical waste rapid incinerator, comprising a rotary kiln 10, a gasification chamber 20 and a secondary combustion chamber 30, medical waste is fed into the rotary kiln 10 through the kiln head of the rotary kiln 10, and as the rotary kiln 10 slowly rotates, the medical waste continuously moves forward, the air door 411 is controlled to make the rotary kiln 10 in an oxygen-deficient condition, and the medical waste is sequentially preheated, dried, pyrolyzed and gasified under the oxygen-deficient condition, the residues that are not completely gasified enter the gasification chamber 20 along with the rotation of the rotary kiln 10 to further carry out gasification reaction, the solid residues are fully burned out in the burnout grate 21 at the lower part of the gasification chamber 20, the gas generated by gasification enters the secondary combustion chamber 30, mixes with combustion-supporting air and carries out high-temperature combustion, so as to realize the decomposition and incineration of toxic and harmful substances, the incinerator of the present application mainly uses medium-low temperature gasification under an oxygen-deficient condition, compared with the traditional rotary kiln 10, the combustion heat intensity in the rotary kiln 10 is reduced, the coking phenomenon caused by excessively high temperature in the kiln is improved, the rotary kiln 10 can normally operate, and the incineration efficiency is not affected.

[0035] In another embodiment, the fourth air supply pipe 52 is provided with an air supply branch pipe 521, the air outlet of the fourth air supply pipe 52 communicates with the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber 30, and the air outlet of the air supply branch pipe 521 communicates with the middle part of the secondary combustion chamber 30, so as to provide air required for combustion and enhance air flow disturbance in the secondary combustion chamber 30, and the step-by-step air supply from the upper part and the middle part of the secondary combustion chamber 30 can avoid the gasification gas from being violently combusted due to one-time air supply, so as to avoid the occurrence of local temperature being too high and coking.

[0036] In another embodiment, a second burner 23 is arranged in the gasification chamber 20 and above the grate 21, so as to make a certain proportion of gasification gas burn and release heat, and maintain the stability of the temperature of the gasification chamber 20.

[0037] In another embodiment, the rotary kiln 10 is provided with a temperature detector 11, such as an infrared temperature detector 11 or a radiation pyrometer, when the temperature detector 11 detects that the temperature in the rotary kiln 10 exceeds a preset value, the damper 411 of the first air supply pipe 41 is adjusted to a smaller opening, reducing the air supply, and the reduced oxygen supply will make the combustion more moderate, and the temperature will be reduced. Preferably, the damper 411 is an electric damper 411, which has both electric and local operation modes, realizing remote control of the damper 411, reducing the risk of exposing the operator to high temperature environment, and improving the safety of the operation.

[0038] In another embodiment, a controller 12 is further included, the second air supply pipe 42, the third air supply pipe 51 and the fourth air supply pipe 52 are each provided with an electric damper 411, and the gasification chamber 20 and the secondary combustion chamber 30 are each provided with a temperature detector 11, the input end of the controller 12 is connected with the temperature detector 11, and the output end of the controller 12 is connected with the electric damper 411, when the temperature in the rotary kiln 10, the gasification chamber 20 and the secondary combustion chamber 30 does not reach a preset value, a signal is sent to the controller 12, the controller 12 sends a signal to the electric damper 411 to adjust the opening of the damper 411, and the air volume is controlled.

[0039] The above specific embodiments further explain the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A medical waste fast incinerator, characterized by, The rotary kiln, the gasification chamber, the second combustion chamber, the first fan and the second fan, The rotary kiln is communicated with the gasification chamber through a discharge port and the temperature of the rotary kiln is 680-830 DEG C. A grate is arranged in the gasification chamber and at the lower part of the gasification chamber. The second combustion chamber is communicated with the gasification chamber and the side wall of the second combustion chamber is connected with a first burner. The first fan is connected with a first air supply pipe and a second air supply pipe. The second fan is connected with a third air supply pipe and a fourth air supply pipe.

2. The medical waste fast incinerator according to claim 1, wherein, The fourth air supply pipe is provided with an air supply branch pipe.

3. The medical waste fast incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The fourth air supply pipe is communicated with the upper part of the second combustion chamber and the air supply branch pipe is communicated with the middle part of the second combustion chamber.

4. The medical waste fast incinerator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gasification chamber is provided with a second burner above the grate.

5. The medical waste fast incinerator according to claim 1, wherein The rotary kiln is provided with a temperature measuring instrument.

6. The medical waste fast incinerator according to claim 5, wherein, The grate is a reciprocating grate. The inclination angle of the grate is 15-19 DEG.

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