Battery state test circuit and test device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery testing, and discloses a battery state testing circuit and device, and the battery state testing circuit comprises a partial pressure sampling module, a power assembly, a switch driving module, a protection module, and a controller. The partial pressure sampling module is used for collecting signals of a battery, the input end of the power assembly is electrically connected with the partial pressure sampling module, and the output end of the power assembly is electrically connected with the switch driving module; the controller is electrically connected with the control end of the switch driving module through the protection module, the controller controls the battery to be switched between the load state and the non-load state through the switch driving module, the state of the battery is judged according to signals of the battery in the two states, and therefore the overall efficiency and the service life of the battery are guaranteed. When the pulse width modulation signal output by the controller is abnormal, the protection module prevents the pulse width modulation signal from flowing into the switch driving module so as to protect the power assembly, and the stability and reliability of the circuit are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery testing technology, and in particular to a battery state testing circuit and testing device. Background Technology

[0002] With continuous advancements in technology, battery technology has become increasingly sophisticated, and its applications are expanding. However, after prolonged use, the internal resistance of a battery gradually increases, causing the output voltage to fail to maintain its nominal level, thus affecting the battery's overall performance and lifespan. This performance degradation can not only interfere with the normal operation of battery-powered devices but also bring unforeseen risks and challenges. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present application provides a battery state testing circuit and testing device, which can effectively solve the problem that after long-term use, the internal resistance of the battery gradually increases, leading to a decline in performance. This may not only interfere with the normal operation of battery-powered equipment, but also bring unforeseen risks and challenges.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery state testing circuit, including: a voltage divider sampling module, a power component, a switch driving module, a protection module, and a controller;

[0005] The input terminal of the voltage divider sampling module is used to connect to the positive output terminal of the battery, and the output terminal of the voltage divider sampling module is electrically connected to the controller.

[0006] The input terminal of the power component is electrically connected to the voltage divider sampling module, and the output terminal of the power component is electrically connected to the switch drive module.

[0007] The controller is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch drive module through the protection module. The controller is used to control the connection state between the power component and the battery through the switch drive module, and to determine the state of the battery based on the signal sampled by the voltage divider sampling module when the power component is in the connected state or not connected state.

[0008] The protection module is used to prevent the pulse width modulation signal from being input to the switch drive module when the pulse width modulation signal output by the controller is abnormal, so as to protect the power component.

[0009] In some embodiments, the protection module includes an energy storage unit and a pull-down unit. One end of the energy storage unit is connected to the control terminal of the switch drive module, and the other end of the energy storage unit is electrically connected to the controller. One end of the pull-down unit is connected to the control terminal of the switch drive module, and the other end of the pull-down unit is grounded.

[0010] In some embodiments, the energy storage unit includes an energy storage capacitor, one end of which is connected to the control terminal of the switch drive module, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the controller.

[0011] In some embodiments, the pull-down unit includes a pull-down resistor, one end of which is connected to the control terminal of the switch driver module, and the other end of which is grounded.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery state testing circuit further includes an anti-reverse module, wherein the input terminal of the anti-reverse module is used to connect to the positive output terminal of the battery, and the output terminal of the anti-reverse module is electrically connected to the controller.

[0013] In some embodiments, the voltage divider sampling module includes two resistors connected in series, wherein one end of one resistor is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery, and the series connection node of the two resistors is electrically connected to the controller.

[0014] In some embodiments, the switch driving module includes: a switch transistor, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the power component, the output terminal of which is grounded, and the control terminal of which is electrically connected to the protection module.

[0015] In some embodiments, the power component includes a power resistor, one end of which is electrically connected to the voltage divider sampling module, and the other end of which is connected to the input terminal of the switch driving module.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a battery state testing device, which includes at least one battery state testing circuit as described in the first aspect above.

[0017] In some embodiments, the battery state testing device is a test clip.

[0018] The embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The battery state testing circuit of this application includes a voltage divider sampling module, a power component, a switch drive module, a protection module, and a controller. The input terminal of the voltage divider sampling module is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery, and the output terminal of the voltage divider sampling module is electrically connected to the controller. The input terminal of the power component is electrically connected to the voltage divider sampling module, and the output terminal of the power component is electrically connected to the switch drive module. The controller is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch drive module through the protection module. The controller is used to control the battery to switch between load and non-load states through the switch drive module, and to determine the battery state based on the signal of the battery in the load or non-load state, thereby ensuring the overall performance and service life of the battery. In addition, when the pulse width modulation signal output by the controller is abnormal, the protection module of this application prevents the pulse width modulation signal from being input to the switch drive module to protect the power component, which greatly improves the stability and reliability of the circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A first structural schematic diagram of the battery state test circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0022] Figure 2 A second structural schematic diagram of the battery state test circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0023] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of the battery state testing circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the battery state testing device according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0025] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0026] 10: Voltage divider sampling module; 20: Power component; 30: Switch drive module; 40: Controller; 50: Protection module; 60: Voltage regulator module; 70: Reverse protection module; 101: Voltage divider unit; 501: Energy storage unit; 502: Pull-down unit. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0028] The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] In the following text, the terms "comprising," "having," and their cognates, which may be used in various embodiments of this application, are intended only to indicate a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination thereof, and should not be construed as primarily excluding the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, or adding the possibility of one or more combinations thereof. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of this application pertain. Terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having the same meaning as in their contextual meaning in the relevant technical field and shall not be construed as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in the various embodiments of this application.

[0031] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0032] Considering that in the prior art, the internal resistance of batteries gradually increases after long-term use, leading to a decline in performance, which may not only interfere with the normal operation of battery-powered equipment, but also bring unforeseen risks and challenges, this application provides a battery state testing circuit and testing device. The controller of this application controls the battery to switch between load and non-load states through a switch drive module, and judges the battery state based on the signal of the battery in the load or non-load state, thereby ensuring the overall performance and service life of the battery. In addition, when the pulse width modulation signal output by the controller is abnormal, the protection module of this application prevents the pulse width modulation signal from being input to the switch drive module to protect the power components, which greatly improves the stability and reliability of the circuit.

[0033] The following describes the battery state testing circuit using specific embodiments.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a battery state testing circuit according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0035] It is understood that the battery state test circuit of the present application embodiment can be set in any kind of battery state test device. The battery state test circuit can be set in the battery test clip or in the tester connected through the test clip.

[0036] Exemplarily, the battery state testing circuit includes: a voltage divider sampling module 10, a power component 20, a switch drive module 30, a protection module 50, and a controller 40. The input terminal of the voltage divider sampling module 10 is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery, and the output terminal of the voltage divider sampling module 10 is electrically connected to the controller 40. It is understood that the voltage divider sampling module 10 is used to acquire the voltage signal at the positive terminal of the battery. Exemplarily, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the voltage signal at the positive terminal of the battery is represented by B+. The circuit can be connected to the positive terminal of the battery via a connector or other connection terminal. The voltage divider sampling module 10 can be configured according to the actual application. For example, a Zener diode can be set in the voltage divider sampling module 10 to protect the controller 40.

[0037] Power component 20 serves as the battery load and can be configured according to actual application requirements. For example, power component 20 can be a power resistor; a single power resistor can be used as the load, or multiple power resistors can be combined to form a load. The input terminal of power component 20 is electrically connected to voltage divider sampling module 10, and the output terminal of power component 20 is electrically connected to switch drive module 30. Controller 40 controls the switching of the battery between load and non-load states by controlling the on / off state of switch drive module 30.

[0038] When the controller 40 controls the switch drive module 30 to turn on, the voltage signal at the positive terminal of the battery flows to the controller 40 through the power component 20, and the battery is in a load state. The controller 40 receives the signal of the battery in the load state through the voltage divider sampling module 10. When the controller 40 controls the switch drive module 30 to turn off, the voltage signal at the positive terminal of the battery flows directly to the controller 40, and the battery is in an no-load state. The controller 40 receives the signal of the battery in the no-load state through the voltage divider sampling module 10.

[0039] Understandably, the switch drive module 30 may include any type of control element. A switching transistor may be installed in the switch drive module 30, and the controller 40 controls the battery to switch between load and non-load states by controlling the switching transistor to turn on and off. An optocoupler may also be installed in the switch drive module 30, and the controller 40 controls the battery to switch between load and non-load states by controlling the optocoupler to turn on and off. A relay may also be installed in the switch drive module 30, and the controller 40 controls the battery to switch between load and non-load states by controlling the relay to turn on and off, etc.

[0040] The controller 40 can be configured according to the actual application. For example, the controller 40 is an MCU. The controller 40 outputs a pulse signal as a pulse width modulation signal to the control terminal of the switch drive module 30 through the protection module 50, thereby obtaining the signal of the battery in the no-load state and the signal of the battery in the load state. The internal resistance of the battery is calculated based on the signals in the two states, thereby judging the health status of the battery. Furthermore, a maximum value of internal resistance can be set. If the calculated internal resistance exceeds the maximum value, relevant personnel are notified to replace the battery, ensuring the normal operation of battery-powered equipment and improving the reliability of battery power supply.

[0041] When the controller 40 experiences program crashes or other abnormalities, it may continuously output a high-level signal, causing the switch drive module 30 to remain on. This results in the power component 20 exceeding its rated power for an extended period, causing damage. To protect the power component 20, the protection module 50 prevents the pulse width modulation signal from flowing into the switch drive module 30 when the pulse width modulation signal output by the controller 40 is abnormal, thus protecting the power component 20.

[0042] Specifically, when the pulse signal output by the controller 40 is normal, the protection module 50 directs the pulse signal to the switch drive module 30, and the controller 40 normally controls the switching drive module 30 to turn on and off. If the controller 40 continuously outputs a high-level signal, the protection module 50 turns off, and the high-level signal cannot flow to the switch drive module 30 through the protection module 50, thereby protecting the power component 20.

[0043] The battery status test circuit of this embodiment includes a voltage divider sampling module 10, a power component 20, a switch drive module 30, and a controller 40. The controller 40 controls the battery to switch between load and non-load states through the switch drive module 30, and uses the voltage divider sampling module 10 to collect signals from the battery in both load and non-load states. Based on the collected signals, the internal resistance of the battery is calculated, allowing relevant personnel to replace the battery according to its internal resistance, thus ensuring the normal operation of battery-powered equipment. Furthermore, by including a protection module 50, the power component 20 is protected and the reliability of the circuit is improved when the pulse signal output by the controller 40 is abnormal.

[0044] As an alternative solution, Figure 2 The diagram shown is another structural schematic of a battery state testing circuit. Accordingly, Figure 3 As shown Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a battery status testing circuit.

[0045] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the switch drive module 30 includes a switch transistor U4, and the power component 20 includes a power resistor R2. One end of the power resistor R2 is connected to the voltage divider sampling module 10, and the other end of the power resistor R2 is connected to the input terminal of the switch transistor U4. The output terminal of the switch transistor U4 is grounded, and the control terminal of the switch transistor U4 is electrically connected to the protection module 50. The controller 40 controls the switching of the battery between load and non-load states by controlling the on and off states of the switch transistor U4. The switch transistor U4 can respond quickly, ensuring the reliability of the circuit. The parameters of the switch transistor U4 and the power resistor R2 can be set according to the actual application.

[0046] The protection module 50 includes an energy storage unit 501 and a pull-down unit 502. One end of the energy storage unit 501 is connected to the control terminal of the switching transistor U4, and the other end is electrically connected to the controller 40. The energy storage unit 501 can contain only a single energy storage capacitor or multiple energy storage capacitors, depending on the actual application. For example, the energy storage unit 501 is an energy storage capacitor C1. One end of the pull-down unit 502 is connected to the control terminal of the switch drive module 30, and the other end is grounded. The pull-down unit 502 can also be configured according to the actual application; for example, the pull-down unit 502 is a pull-down resistor R1.

[0047] like Figure 3As shown, the signal output by controller 40 is represented by PWM. When the signal output by controller 40 changes from a low level to a high level, the energy storage capacitor C1 is turned on, the switching transistor U4 is turned on, and the energy storage capacitor C1 is in a charging state, using the high level signal for charging. When the signal output by controller 40 changes from a high level to a low level, the switching transistor U4 is turned off, and the energy storage capacitor C1 is in a discharging state, using controller 40 for discharging. When controller 40 normally inputs a pulse signal, the energy storage capacitor C1 switches between charging and discharging, and the switching transistor U4 is turned on and off according to the pulse signal. When controller 40 malfunctions and continuously outputs a high level signal, the energy storage capacitor C1 continuously charges. When the energy storage capacitor C1 is fully charged, it is equivalent to an open circuit, blocking the signal flow to the switching transistor U4. The signal at the control terminal of the switching transistor U4 is pulled to ground by the pull-down resistor R1, and the switching transistor U4 is turned off, thereby protecting the power resistor R2.

[0048] In this embodiment of the battery status test circuit, an energy storage capacitor C1 is set in the protection module 50. Utilizing the characteristic of the energy storage capacitor C1 to block DC and conduct AC after being fully charged, the high-level signal continuously input to the control terminal of the switching transistor U4 is blocked, and the control terminal signal of the switching transistor U4 is pulled low through the pull-down resistor R1 to prevent the switching transistor U4 from being continuously turned on and causing damage to the power resistor R2. The energy storage capacitor C1 and the pull-down resistor R1 are inexpensive, which ensures the reliability of the circuit and reduces the cost of the circuit.

[0049] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, based on the above embodiment, the voltage divider sampling module 10 includes a voltage divider unit 101. The input terminal of the voltage divider unit 101 is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery, and the output terminal of the voltage divider unit 101 is electrically connected to the controller 40. Exemplarily, the voltage divider unit 101 includes resistors R4 and R5. Resistors R4 and R5 are used to divide the signal input to the controller 40, ensuring that the signal input to the controller 40 is within the safe operating range of the controller 40.

[0050] The battery status test circuit also includes a voltage regulator module 60. Exemplarily, the voltage regulator module 60 is a Zener diode D5. The cathode of the Zener diode D5 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, and the anode of the Zener diode D5 is grounded. The Zener diode D5 is used to regulate the signal, ensuring that the signal transmitted to the controller 40 does not exceed the maximum input value of the controller 40, thereby protecting the controller 40. Figure 3 As shown, the signals transmitted to controller 40 are represented by SAMP.

[0051] Furthermore, to prevent reverse current, the battery status test circuit also includes a reverse protection module 70. Exemplarily, the reverse protection module 70 is a reverse protection diode D1. The anode of the reverse protection diode D1 is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery, and the cathode of the reverse protection diode D1 is connected to a resistor R4. The reverse protection diode D1 prevents current from flowing into the battery, thus protecting it. Simultaneously, the unidirectional conductivity of the reverse protection diode D1 allows the battery's signal to flow to the controller 40.

[0052] Furthermore, to prevent interference from voltage spikes, the battery status test circuit also includes a filter capacitor C11. One end of the filter capacitor C11 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, and the other end of the filter capacitor C11 is grounded. The filter capacitor C11 is used to filter the signal, removing instantaneous voltage spikes and ensuring that the signal input to the controller 40 is a stable signal.

[0053] In this embodiment, the battery status test circuit incorporates a reverse-current protection diode D1 to acquire battery signals. The diode D1 prevents reverse current and protects the circuit. At the input of the controller 40, a Zener diode D5, a filter capacitor C11, and resistors R4 and R5 are included. The Zener diode D5 limits the voltage input to the controller 40, thus protecting it. The filter capacitor C11 smooths the signal, maintaining the stability of the input voltage signal to the controller 40, reducing noise interference, and improving signal quality. Resistors R4 and R5 ensure that the signal input to the controller 40 remains within its safe operating range. This significantly improves the system's stability and reliability.

[0054] This application also provides a battery state testing apparatus, exemplary of which includes the aforementioned battery state testing circuit. The battery state testing apparatus can be any type of battery state testing apparatus; it can be a tester or a test clip, exemplary as... Figure 4 As shown, the battery status testing device is a test clip, and the battery status testing circuit is set in the test clip. The two test clips are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery respectively to test the battery's health status. Furthermore, the test clips are connected to the car battery to test the car battery's health status and inform relevant personnel of the test results to remind them to replace the car battery and ensure the car's normal power supply.

[0055] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that, in alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0056] In addition, the functional modules or units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0057] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a smartphone, personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0058] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A battery state test circuit, characterized by, include: Voltage divider sampling module, power components, switch drive module, protection module and controller; The input terminal of the voltage divider sampling module is used to connect to the positive output terminal of the battery, and the output terminal of the voltage divider sampling module is electrically connected to the controller. The input terminal of the power component is electrically connected to the voltage divider sampling module, and the output terminal of the power component is electrically connected to the switch drive module. The controller is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch drive module through the protection module. The controller is used to control the connection state between the power component and the battery through the switch drive module, and to determine the state of the battery based on the signal sampled by the voltage divider sampling module when the power component is in the connected state or not connected state. The protection module is used to prevent the pulse width modulation signal from being input to the switch drive module when the pulse width modulation signal output by the controller is abnormal, so as to protect the power component.

2. The battery state test circuit of claim 1, wherein, The protection module includes an energy storage unit and a pull-down unit. One end of the energy storage unit is connected to the control terminal of the switch drive module, and the other end of the energy storage unit is electrically connected to the controller. One end of the pull-down unit is connected to the control terminal of the switch drive module, and the other end of the pull-down unit is grounded.

3. The battery state test circuit of claim 2, wherein, The energy storage unit includes an energy storage capacitor, one end of which is connected to the control terminal of the switch drive module, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the controller.

4. The battery state test circuit of claim 2, wherein, The pull-down unit includes a pull-down resistor, one end of which is connected to the control terminal of the switch driver module, and the other end of which is grounded.

5. The battery state test circuit of claim 1, wherein, The battery state testing circuit also includes: An anti-reverse module is provided, wherein the input terminal of the anti-reverse module is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery, and the output terminal of the anti-reverse module is electrically connected to the controller.

6. The battery state test circuit of claim 1, wherein, The voltage divider sampling module includes two resistors connected in series, wherein one end of one resistor is used to connect to the positive output terminal of the battery, and the series connection node of the two resistors is electrically connected to the controller.

7. The battery state test circuit of claim 1, wherein, The switch drive module includes a switch transistor, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the power component, the output terminal of which is grounded, and the control terminal of which is electrically connected to the protection module.

8. The battery state test circuit of claim 1, wherein, The power component includes a power resistor, one end of which is electrically connected to the voltage divider sampling module, and the other end of which is connected to the input terminal of the switch driving module.

9. A battery state testing device characterized by comprising: The battery state testing device includes: a battery state testing circuit as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The battery state testing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein The battery status testing device is a test clip.

Images