Power management device and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a power management device and a vehicle. The power management device comprises a battery pack, a power distribution device and a voltage conversion circuit. The voltage conversion circuit is arranged in the power distribution device; the first end of the voltage conversion circuit is used for accessing a first power supply voltage; the voltage conversion circuit is used for converting the first power voltage into power supply voltage and outputting the power supply voltage. The input end of the power distribution device is used for accessing first power supply voltage or power supply voltage, and the first output end and the second output end of the power distribution device are electrically connected with electric equipment. The control circuit is used for controlling the input end and the first output end of the power distribution device to be connected when receiving the power-on signal; and when the first fault signal is received, the input end and the first output end of the power distribution device are controlled to be disconnected, and the input end and the second output end of the power distribution device are controlled to be connected. According to the power management device, different power supply requirements of the electric equipment can be met, the number of circuit devices and wire harnesses is reduced, and then the weight of the vehicle is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric motors, and more particularly to a power management device and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, an increasing number of vehicles are using 48V mains power networks. Compared to 12V power, under the same power conditions, the voltage of a 48V power supply is four times that of a 12V power supply, while the current is only one-quarter of that of a 12V power supply. With the reduced current, the wire diameter of the wiring harness is also reduced to one-quarter of its original size. This results in significant weight and cost reduction for the entire vehicle's wiring harness.

[0003] However, the vehicle still contains a large number of low-power 12V electrical devices. Therefore, the battery management system needs to include at least a 48V / 12V DC-DC converter, a 12V battery, a 48V battery, a 12V distribution box, and a 48V distribution box. The number of some power supply devices needs to be multiple depending on the vehicle's electrical architecture. These power supply devices are typically distributed across different areas of the vehicle based on the location of the electrical devices. This results in the wiring harnesses used to connect the various power supply devices occupying considerable space and weight, which is detrimental to vehicle lightweighting. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems in the prior art, this application provides a power management device and vehicle that reduces the number of circuit devices and wiring harnesses in the vehicle.

[0005] This application provides a power management device applied to a vehicle, the vehicle including electrical equipment; the power management device includes a battery pack and a power distribution device, the battery pack being used to output a first power supply voltage, and the power management device further includes:

[0006] A voltage conversion circuit is provided within the power distribution device; the first terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is used to connect to a first power supply voltage; the voltage conversion circuit is used to convert the first power supply voltage into a supply voltage and output it; the first power supply voltage is different from the supply voltage.

[0007] The power distribution device includes an input terminal, a first output terminal, a second output terminal, and a controlled terminal; the input terminal of the power distribution device is used to connect to the first power supply voltage or the supply voltage, and the first and second output terminals of the power distribution device are both electrically connected to the electrical equipment.

[0008] A control circuit is electrically connected to the controlled end of the power distribution device. The control circuit is used to control the input end and the first output end of the power distribution device to be connected when a power-on signal is received; and to control the input end and the first output end of the power distribution device to be disconnected and the input end and the second output end of the power distribution device to be connected when a first fault signal is received.

[0009] In one embodiment, the power distribution device includes a first switching circuit and a second switching circuit;

[0010] The first switching circuit includes an input terminal, an output terminal, and a controlled terminal; the input terminal of the first switching circuit is used to connect to a first power supply voltage or a supply voltage, and the output terminal of the first switching circuit is used to electrically connect to the electrical equipment.

[0011] The second switching circuit includes an input terminal, an output terminal, and a controlled terminal; the input terminal of the second switching circuit is used to connect to a first power supply voltage or a power supply voltage, and the output terminal of the second switching circuit is used to electrically connect to the electrical equipment.

[0012] The control circuit is electrically connected to the controlled terminals of the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit, respectively. The control circuit is used to control the input and output terminals of the first switch circuit to be turned on when a power-on signal is received; and to control the input and output terminals of the first switch circuit to be turned off and the input and output terminals of the second switch circuit to be turned on when a first fault signal indicating a fault in the first switch circuit is received.

[0013] In one embodiment, the number of electrical devices is multiple, and the first switching circuit includes multiple first switching components;

[0014] The first ends of the plurality of first switch components are all used to connect to the first power supply voltage or supply voltage, the second ends of the plurality of first switch components are used to be electrically connected to the plurality of electrical devices one by one, and the third ends of the plurality of first switch components are respectively electrically connected to the control circuit.

[0015] The control circuit is configured to connect the first and second terminals of each of the first switching components when a power-on signal is received; and to disconnect the first and second terminals of each of the first switching components when a first fault signal characterizing a fault in the first switching circuit is received.

[0016] In one embodiment, the second switching circuit includes a plurality of second switching components;

[0017] The first ends of the plurality of second switch components are all used to connect to the first power supply voltage or supply voltage, the second ends of the plurality of second switch components are used to be electrically connected to the plurality of electrical devices one by one, and the third ends of the plurality of second switch components are respectively electrically connected to the control circuit.

[0018] The control circuit is used to control the first and second terminals of the first switching component to be turned on when a power-on signal is received; and to control the first and second terminals of the corresponding second switching component to be turned on when a first fault signal characterizing a fault in the first switching circuit is received.

[0019] In one embodiment, the input terminal of the first switching circuit is further used to connect a second power supply voltage; the second power supply voltage is the same magnitude as the first power supply voltage.

[0020] The power distribution device also includes a third switching circuit;

[0021] The first terminal of the third switch circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switch circuit, the second terminal of the third switch circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second switch circuit, the second terminal of the third switch circuit is also electrically connected to the battery pack, and the third terminal of the third switch circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit.

[0022] The control circuit is used to control the first and second terminals of the third switch to be turned on when a power-on signal is received; and to control the first and second terminals of the third switch to be turned off when a first fault signal characterizing a fault in the first switch circuit is received.

[0023] The control circuit is also used to control the input and output terminals of the first switching circuit to disconnect, and to control the first and second terminals of the third switching circuit to disconnect, when a second fault signal indicating an abnormality in the second power supply voltage is received.

[0024] In one embodiment, the vehicle includes a first electrical device and a second electrical device, and the power distribution device further includes a fourth switching circuit;

[0025] The input terminal of the first switching circuit is electrically connected to the battery pack, and the output terminal of the first switching circuit is electrically connected to the first electrical device; the output terminal of the second switching circuit is electrically connected to the first electrical device.

[0026] The input terminal of the fourth switching circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit, the output terminal of the fourth switching circuit is electrically connected to the second electrical device, and the controlled terminal of the fourth switching circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit; the control circuit is used to control the electrical connection between the input terminal and the output terminal of the fourth switching circuit when a power-on signal is received.

[0027] In one embodiment, the power distribution device further includes a temperature detection device;

[0028] The temperature detection device is electrically connected to the control circuit; the temperature detection device is used to detect the temperature of the first switching circuit, the temperature of the second switching circuit, and the temperature of the voltage conversion circuit.

[0029] The control circuit is used to reduce the operating frequency of the first switching circuit when the temperature of the first switching circuit is greater than a first preset temperature; reduce the operating frequency of the second switching circuit when the temperature of the second switching circuit is greater than a second preset temperature; and reduce the operating frequency of the voltage conversion circuit when the temperature of the voltage conversion circuit is greater than a third preset temperature.

[0030] In one embodiment, the power management device further includes a parameter acquisition circuit;

[0031] The parameter acquisition circuit is used to acquire the operating parameters of the battery pack;

[0032] The control circuit is also used to output an abnormal signal when the operating parameters are not within the preset parameter range; the operating parameters include at least one of voltage, current, and temperature.

[0033] In one embodiment, the power management device further includes a fault detection circuit;

[0034] The fault detection circuit is electrically connected to the first switching circuit and the control circuit respectively; the fault detection circuit is used to detect the voltage and / or current of the first switching circuit and output the corresponding detection voltage and / or detection current.

[0035] The control circuit is further configured to, when the detected voltage is not within a preset voltage range or the detected current is not within a preset current range, control the input and output terminals of the first switching circuit to disconnect, and control the input and output terminals of the second switching circuit to connect.

[0036] In one embodiment, the power distribution device is fixedly mounted on the surface of the battery pack; the voltage conversion circuit is disposed within the power distribution device.

[0037] This application also proposes a vehicle that includes the aforementioned power management device.

[0038] This application integrates the battery pack, power distribution unit, and voltage conversion circuit into a single unit. The voltage conversion circuit converts the first power supply voltage into a supply voltage and outputs it. The power distribution unit then supplies the first power supply voltage or the supply voltage to the electrical equipment. This power management device can meet the diverse power supply needs of electrical equipment, reducing the number of circuit components and wiring harnesses, thereby reducing the vehicle's weight. Furthermore, by incorporating a first output terminal and a second output terminal in the power distribution unit, if the first output terminal fails to supply power to the electrical equipment, the second output terminal can continue to supply power, improving the vehicle's operational stability. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of an embodiment of the power management device of this application.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of an embodiment of the power distribution device of this application.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the power distribution device of this application.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the power distribution device of this application.

[0043] Key component symbols: Power management device - 100; Battery pack - 110; Power distribution device - 120; Voltage conversion circuit - 130; Control circuit - 140; First switch circuit - 121; Second switch circuit - 122; First switch component - Q1; Second switch component - Q2; Third switch circuit - 123; Electrical equipment - 200; First electrical equipment - 210; Second electrical equipment - 220; Fourth switch circuit - 124; Fifth switch circuit - 125; Temperature detection device - 126; Parameter acquisition circuit - 150; Fault detection circuit - 160.

[0044] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate this application. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following description will refer to the accompanying drawings to provide a more complete picture of the present application. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present application. However, the present application may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. These exemplary embodiments are provided to make the present application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. Similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components.

[0046] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to also include the plural forms. Furthermore, when used herein, “comprising” and / or “including” and / or “having,” integers, steps, operations, components, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. Furthermore, unless expressly defined herein, terms such as those defined in a general dictionary should be interpreted as having the same meaning as they have in the relevant art and in the content of this application, and will not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning.

[0048] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates exemplary embodiments. It should be noted that components depicted in the drawings are not necessarily shown to scale; and identical or similar components will be designated with the same or similar reference numerals or similar technical terms.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 This application discloses a power management device 100 applied to a vehicle, the vehicle including electrical equipment 200. The power management device 100 includes a battery pack 110, a power distribution device 120, a voltage conversion circuit 130, and a control circuit 140. The battery pack 110 outputs a first power supply voltage. The power distribution device 120 can be fixedly mounted on the surface of the battery pack 110. The voltage conversion circuit 130 can be disposed within the power distribution device 120; a first terminal of the voltage conversion circuit 130 is used to connect to the first power supply voltage; the voltage conversion circuit 130 is used to convert the first power supply voltage into a supply voltage; the first power supply voltage is different from the supply voltage. The power distribution device 120 includes an input terminal, a first output terminal, a second output terminal, and a controlled terminal; the input terminal of the power distribution device 120 is used to connect to the first power supply voltage or the supply voltage, and both the first and second output terminals of the power distribution device 120 are electrically connected to the electrical equipment 200. A control circuit 140 is electrically connected to the controlled end of the power distribution device 120. The control circuit 140 is used to control the input end and the first output end of the power distribution device 120 to be connected when a power-on signal is received; and to control the input end and the first output end of the power distribution device 120 to be disconnected and the input end and the second output end of the power distribution device 120 to be connected when a first fault signal is received.

[0050] In this embodiment, the vehicle can be an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. The electrical equipment 200 can be headlights, air conditioning, a steer-by-wire system, a transmission system, etc. The power distribution device 120 can be fixedly mounted to the surface of the battery pack 110 using screws, nuts, or other fasteners. For example, the power distribution device 120 can be placed above the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 110 and fixedly connected to the battery pack 110 using screws and nuts. A connection terminal can also be provided below the power distribution device 120, allowing the power distribution device 120 and the battery pack 110 to be electrically connected during installation via the connection terminal.

[0051] A voltage conversion circuit 130 is installed within the power distribution device 120. It converts the first power supply voltage output from the battery pack 110 into a supply voltage, which is then transmitted to the electrical device 200 via the first output terminal of the power distribution device 120. Alternatively, the second output terminal of the power distribution device 120 can also transmit the first power supply voltage to the electrical device 200. There can be multiple electrical devices 200, and the number of first output terminals of the power distribution device 120 can be configured to accommodate multiple devices 200. There can also be multiple voltage conversion circuits 130, each outputting a different supply voltage. The first power supply voltage and the supply voltage can be set according to the actual application. For example, the first power supply voltage can be set to 48V, and the supply voltage can be set to 12V to meet the needs of different electrical devices 200 in the vehicle. Other values ​​for the first power supply voltage and the supply voltage are not limited here.

[0052] When the electrical equipment 200 needs to be started, the user triggers a button on the vehicle to output a power-on signal to the control circuit 140. The control circuit 140, based on this power-on signal, controls the input and first output terminals of the power distribution device 120 to conduct, outputting a first power supply voltage or supply voltage to the electrical equipment 200. If a fault occurs in the transmission channel between the input and first output terminals of the power distribution device 120, the control circuit 140 outputs a control to disconnect the input and first output terminals of the power distribution device 120. Simultaneously, it controls the input and second output terminals of the power distribution device 120 to conduct, transmitting the first power supply voltage or supply voltage to the electrical equipment 200. Thus, even if a fault occurs in the transmission channel between the input and first output terminals of the power distribution device 120, power can still be supplied to the electrical equipment 200 through the input and second output terminals of the power distribution device 120, improving the stability of the electrical equipment 200. The control circuit 140 can be implemented using chips with control functions, such as microprocessors or FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays). The voltage conversion circuit 130 can be implemented using a boost / buck circuit. Other methods can also be used to determine the output conditions of the power-on signal, which are not limited here.

[0053] For example, many vehicles now use steer-by-wire systems instead of traditional mechanical linkages to control vehicle steering. Steer-by-wire systems transmit driver steering commands electronically, rather than through traditional mechanical links. When the driver turns the steering wheel, the steering wheel assembly transmits a steering angle signal to the body controller. The body controller analyzes these signals and controls the wheel steering via the steering motor. This design makes steering more flexible and adaptable to different road conditions and driving habits. Steer-by-wire systems rely on electrical signals for steering control, requiring a stable power supply. Under normal circumstances, the power distribution unit 120 supplies power to the steer-by-wire system through its first output terminal. If the transmission channel between the input and first output terminals of the power distribution unit 120 fails, the steer-by-wire system may lose power and fail to control wheel steering properly, potentially causing a safety accident. Therefore, the control circuit 140 can maintain power supply to the steer-by-wire system by controlling the connection between the input and second output terminals of the power distribution unit 120 when the transmission channel between the input and first output terminals fails, thereby improving the stability of the steer-by-wire system and vehicle safety.

[0054] This application integrates the battery pack 110, power distribution device 120, and voltage conversion circuit 130 into a single unit. The voltage conversion circuit 130 converts the first power supply voltage into a supply voltage and outputs it. The power distribution device 120 then outputs either the first power supply voltage or the supply voltage to the electrical device 200. The power management device 100 of this application can meet the different power supply needs of the electrical device 200, reducing the number of circuit components and wiring harnesses, thereby reducing the vehicle's weight. Furthermore, by providing a first output terminal and a second output terminal in the power distribution device 120, if the first output terminal of the power distribution device 120 cannot supply power to the electrical device 200 normally, the second output terminal of the power distribution device 120 can continue to supply power to the electrical device 200, improving the stability of vehicle operation.

[0055] Reference Figure 2In one embodiment, the power distribution device 120 includes a first switching circuit 121 and a second switching circuit 122. The first switching circuit 121 includes an input terminal, an output terminal, and a controlled terminal; the input terminal of the first switching circuit 121 is used to connect to a first power supply voltage or a supply voltage, and the output terminal of the first switching circuit 121 is used to electrically connect to the electrical equipment 200. The second switching circuit 122 includes an input terminal, an output terminal, and a controlled terminal; the input terminal of the second switching circuit 122 is used to connect to the first power supply voltage or a supply voltage, and the output terminal of the second switching circuit 122 is used to electrically connect to the electrical equipment 200. The control circuit 140 is electrically connected to the controlled terminal of the first switch circuit 121 and the controlled terminal of the second switch circuit 122, respectively. The control circuit 140 is used to control the input terminal and output terminal of the first switch circuit 121 to be turned on when a power-on signal is received; and to control the input terminal and output terminal of the first switch circuit 121 to be turned off and the input terminal and output terminal of the second switch circuit 122 to be turned on when a first fault signal indicating a fault in the first switch circuit 121 is received.

[0056] In this embodiment, when the electrical device 200 needs to be started, the user triggers a button on the vehicle to output a power-on signal to the control circuit 140. The control circuit 140, based on this power-on signal, controls the first switching circuit 121 to conduct, outputting a first power supply voltage or supply voltage to the electrical device 200. If the first switching circuit 121 fails, the control circuit 140 controls the first switching circuit 121 to disconnect, preventing the failure of the first switching circuit 121 from affecting other devices. Simultaneously, it controls the second switching circuit 122 to conduct, transmitting the first power supply voltage or supply voltage to the electrical device 200. Thus, even if the first switching circuit 121 fails, power can still be supplied to the electrical device 200 through the second switching circuit 122, improving the stability of the electrical device 200.

[0057] In one embodiment, the number of electrical devices 200 is multiple, and the first switching circuit 121 includes multiple first switching components Q1. The first terminals of each of the multiple first switching components Q1 are used to connect to a first power supply voltage or supply voltage, the second terminals of each of the multiple first switching components Q1 are used to be electrically connected to each of the multiple electrical devices 200, and the third terminals of each of the multiple first switching components Q1 are respectively electrically connected to the control circuit 140. The control circuit 140 is used to control the first and second terminals of each of the first switching components Q1 to be turned on when a power-on signal is received; and to control the first and second terminals of each of the first switching components Q1 to be turned off when a first fault signal indicating a fault in the first switching circuit 121 is received.

[0058] In this embodiment, the first switching component Q1 can be implemented using a MOSFET, relay, or the like. The control circuit 140 can control the first switching component Q1 to conduct by outputting a high / low level, thereby supplying power to the corresponding electrical device 200. When the first switching circuit 121 fails, the control circuit 140 can output a low / high level to control all the first switching components Q1 in the first switching circuit 121 to disconnect.

[0059] In one embodiment, the second switching circuit 122 includes a plurality of second switching components Q2. The first terminals of each of the plurality of second switching components Q2 are used to connect to a first power supply voltage or supply voltage, the second terminals of each of the plurality of second switching components Q2 are used to be electrically connected to a plurality of the electrical devices 200 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the third terminals of each of the plurality of second switching components Q2 are respectively electrically connected to the control circuit 140. The control circuit 140 is used to control the first and second terminals of the first switching component Q1 to be turned on when a power-on signal is received; and to control the first and second terminals of the corresponding second switching component Q2 to be turned on when a first fault signal indicating a fault in the first switching circuit 121 is received.

[0060] In this embodiment, the second switching component Q2 can be implemented using a MOSFET, relay, or other similar devices. When the first switching circuit 121 fails, the control circuit 140 can control the second switching component Q2 to conduct by outputting a high / low level, thereby supplying power to the corresponding electrical equipment 200, allowing the electrical equipment 200 to operate normally.

[0061] Reference Figure 3 In one embodiment, the input terminal of the first switching circuit 121 is also used to connect a second power supply voltage; the second power supply voltage is the same magnitude as the first power supply voltage. The power distribution device 120 further includes a third switching circuit 123. The first terminal of the third switching circuit 123 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switching circuit 121, the second terminal of the third switching circuit 123 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second switching circuit 122, the second terminal of the third switching circuit 123 is also electrically connected to the battery pack 110, and the third terminal of the third switching circuit 123 is electrically connected to the control circuit 140. The control circuit 140 is used to control the first and second terminals of the third switch to be connected when a power-on signal is received; and to control the first and second terminals of the third switching circuit 123 to be disconnected when a first fault signal indicating a fault in the first switching circuit 121 is received. The control circuit 140 is also used to control the input and output terminals of the first switching circuit 121 and the first and second terminals of the third switching circuit 123 to be disconnected when a second fault signal indicating an abnormality in the second power supply voltage is received.

[0062] In this embodiment, the first power supply voltage can be the voltage output by the vehicle-mounted high-voltage battery. The power management device 100 may also include a power interface for electrical connection with the vehicle-mounted high-voltage battery. Due to limited interior space in the vehicle, the battery pack 110 can be configured with a small size and capacity, making it impossible to supply power to the device 200 for extended periods. Therefore, when the first switching circuit 121 is operating normally, the second power supply voltage output from the larger-capacity external vehicle-mounted high-voltage battery can supply power to the device 200 via the first switching circuit 121, and simultaneously charge the battery pack 110 via the third switching circuit 123. When the first switching circuit 121 fails, the control circuit 140 can control the third switching circuit 123 to disconnect, isolating the first switching circuit 121 and the second switching circuit 122. At this time, the battery pack 110 can supply power to the device 200 via the second switching circuit 122. In the event of a second power supply voltage failure, such as a low / overvoltage condition of the vehicle's high-voltage battery, the body controller stops the vehicle's high-voltage battery from operating. Control circuit 140 can then disconnect the third switch circuit 123, isolating the first switch circuit 121 and the second switch circuit 122, allowing the battery pack 110 to supply power to the electrical device 200 through the second switch circuit 122. Alternatively, the second power supply voltage failure can be determined by the control circuit 140 detecting the voltage / current of the vehicle's high-voltage battery. Or, the voltage / current of the vehicle's high-voltage battery can be detected by the battery management circuit, and the control circuit 140 can communicate with the battery management circuit to determine the second power supply voltage failure.

[0063] In one embodiment, the vehicle includes a first electrical device 210 and a second electrical device 220, and the power distribution device 120 further includes a fourth switching circuit 124. The input terminal of the first switching circuit 121 is electrically connected to the battery pack 110, and the output terminal of the first switching circuit 121 is electrically connected to the first electrical device 210; the output terminal of the second switching circuit 122 is electrically connected to the first electrical device 210. The input terminal of the fourth switching circuit 124 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage conversion circuit 130, the output terminal of the fourth switching circuit 124 is electrically connected to the second electrical device 220, and the controlled terminal of the fourth switching circuit 124 is electrically connected to the control circuit 140; the control circuit 140 is used to control the electrical connection of the input and output terminals of the fourth switching circuit 124 when a power-on signal is received.

[0064] In this embodiment, the first electrical device 210 and the second electrical device 220 operate at different voltages. For example, the first electrical device 210 may be an air conditioning system or a steer-by-wire system operating at 48V, while the second electrical device 220 may be a cigarette lighter or a car audio system operating at 12V. The 48V power supply voltage output by the battery pack 110 can be transmitted to the first electrical device 210 via the first switching circuit 121 or the second switching circuit 122. The 12V power supply voltage output by the voltage conversion circuit 130 can be transmitted to the second electrical device 220 via the fourth switching circuit 124. Thus, a single power management device 100 can supply power to electrical devices 200 with different voltages in the vehicle. The design of the voltage conversion circuit 130 can be reduced in the electrical devices 200, which helps to reduce the number of electronic components in the vehicle and achieve vehicle weight reduction.

[0065] Reference Figure 4 Furthermore, the power distribution device 120 may also include a fifth switching circuit 125. The input terminal of the fifth switching circuit 125 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the fourth switching circuit 124, and the output terminal of the fifth switching circuit 125 is used for electrical connection with the second electrical device 220. When the fourth switching circuit 124 fails, the control circuit 140 can control the fifth switching circuit 125 to conduct, ensuring power supply to the second electrical device 220. The fourth switching circuit 124 can be implemented using one or more switching components, and the fifth switching circuit 125 can also be implemented using one or more switching components.

[0066] In one embodiment, the power distribution device 120 further includes a temperature detection device 126. The temperature detection device 126 is electrically connected to the control circuit 140; the temperature detection device 126 is used to detect the temperatures of the first switching circuit 121, the second switching circuit 122, and the voltage conversion circuit 130. The control circuit 140 is used to reduce the operating frequency of the first switching circuit 121 when the temperature of the first switching circuit 121 is greater than a first preset temperature; reduce the operating frequency of the second switching circuit 122 when the temperature of the second switching circuit 122 is greater than a second preset temperature; and reduce the operating frequency of the voltage conversion circuit 130 when the temperature of the voltage conversion circuit 130 is greater than a third preset temperature.

[0067] In this embodiment, the temperature detection device 126 can be implemented using a thermocouple sensor, a thermistor sensor, or the like. The temperature detection device 126 can be positioned close to the temperatures of the first switching circuit 121, the second switching circuit 122, and the voltage conversion circuit 130. Alternatively, multiple temperature detection devices 126 can be configured, positioned close to the first switching circuit 121, the second switching circuit 122, and the voltage conversion circuit 130, respectively.

[0068] The temperature detection device 126 can sense temperature changes and output a corresponding voltage. If the voltage received by the weak control circuit 140 is greater than a preset voltage, it determines that the temperature is higher than the preset temperature and needs to reduce the frequency of the corresponding circuit. In addition, the control circuit 140 can also control the condenser to dissipate heat to prevent the circuit components in the power management device 100 from being damaged by excessive temperature. The control circuit 140 can also output a temperature abnormality signal when the detected temperature is higher than the preset temperature, so as to control the vehicle's display screen to display the corresponding temperature abnormality information.

[0069] In one embodiment, the power management device 100 further includes a parameter acquisition circuit 150. The parameter acquisition circuit 150 is used to acquire the operating parameters of the battery pack 110. The control circuit 140 is also used to output an abnormal signal when the operating parameters are not within a preset parameter range; the operating parameters include at least voltage, current, and temperature.

[0070] In this embodiment, the parameter acquisition circuit 150 may include a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, and a temperature acquisition circuit. The voltage acquisition circuit can be implemented using voltage divider resistors, the current acquisition circuit can be implemented using a current detection chip, and the temperature acquisition circuit can be implemented using a temperature sensor. The parameter acquisition circuit 150 can acquire the operating parameters of each cell in the battery pack 110 and transmit the acquired operating parameters of the battery pack 110 to the control circuit 140. The control circuit 140 can manage the charging / discharging of the battery pack 110 according to the operating parameters of each cell. In this way, the control circuit 140 and the parameter acquisition circuit 150 work together to realize the function of the battery management circuit, eliminating the need for an additional power management circuit and further reducing the number of circuit components.

[0071] In one embodiment, the power management device 100 further includes a fault detection circuit 160. The fault detection circuit 160 is electrically connected to the first switching circuit 121 and the control circuit 140, respectively. The fault detection circuit 160 is used to detect the voltage and / or current of the first switching circuit 121 and output a corresponding detection voltage and / or detection current. The control circuit 140 is further used to control the input and output terminals of the first switching circuit 121 to disconnect and the input and output terminals of the second switching circuit 122 to connect when the detected voltage is not within a preset voltage range or the detected current is not within a preset current range.

[0072] In this embodiment, the fault detection circuit 160 may include a voltage detection circuit and / or a current detection circuit. The voltage detection circuit may be implemented using voltage divider resistors, and the current detection circuit may be implemented using a current detection chip.

[0073] The voltage detection circuit can detect the voltage at the output terminal of the first switching circuit 121. The control circuit 140 can determine whether the first switching circuit 121 is normal or faulty based on the voltages at its input and output terminals. For example, when the first switching circuit 121 is normally conducting, the voltage at its output terminal should be the first power supply voltage or the supply voltage. If the voltage detection circuit detects that the voltage at the output terminal of the first switching circuit 121 is 0, it indicates that the first switching circuit 121 has an open-circuit fault. At this time, the control circuit 140 controls the first switching circuit 121 to open and the second switching circuit 122 to conduct.

[0074] Furthermore, a power transmission switch can be provided at the input terminal of the first switching circuit 121. The power transmission switch can be implemented using an optocoupler, relay, or similar device. The input terminal of the power transmission switch is used to receive the first power supply voltage or the supply voltage, and the output terminal of the power transmission switch is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first switching circuit 121. When the first switching circuit 121 is normally disconnected, the voltage at the output terminal of the first switching circuit 121 should be 0. If the voltage detection circuit detects that the voltage at the output terminal of the first switching circuit 121 is the first power supply voltage or the supply voltage, it indicates that a short circuit fault has occurred in the first switching circuit 121. At this time, the control circuit 140 can control the power transmission switch to open, thereby de-energizing the first switching circuit 121.

[0075] This application also proposes a vehicle that includes the power management device 100 described above.

[0076] The detailed structure of the power management device 100 can be referred to the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It is understood that since the power management device 100 is used in the vehicle of this application, the embodiments of the vehicle of this application include all the technical solutions of all embodiments of the power management device 100, and the technical effects achieved are exactly the same, and will not be repeated here.

[0077] The specific embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and substitutions can be made to the specific embodiments of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. All such changes and substitutions fall within the scope defined by this application.

Claims

1. A power management device applied to a vehicle, the vehicle comprising an electric device; the power management device comprising a battery pack and a power distribution device, the battery pack being configured to output a first power supply voltage; characterized in that, The power management device further comprises: a voltage conversion circuit, a first end of the voltage conversion circuit being configured to access the first power supply voltage; the voltage conversion circuit being configured to convert the first power supply voltage into a supply voltage and output the supply voltage; the first power supply voltage being different from the supply voltage; the power distribution device comprising an input end, a first output end, a second output end and a controlled end; the input end of the power distribution device being configured to access the first power supply voltage or the supply voltage; the first output end and the second output end of the power distribution device both being electrically connected to the electrical equipment; a control circuit, the control circuit being electrically connected to the controlled end of the power distribution device; the control circuit being configured to, when receiving a power-on signal, control the input end and the first output end of the power distribution device to be connected; and, when receiving a first fault signal, control the input end and the first output end of the power distribution device to be disconnected, and control the input end and the second output end of the power distribution device to be connected.

2. The power management apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power distribution device comprising a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit; the first switch circuit comprising an input end, an output end and a controlled end; the input end of the first switch circuit being configured to access the first power supply voltage or the supply voltage; the output end of the first switch circuit being configured to be electrically connected to the electrical equipment; the second switch circuit comprising an input end, an output end and a controlled end; the input end of the second switch circuit being configured to access the first power supply voltage or the supply voltage; the output end of the second switch circuit being configured to be electrically connected to the electrical equipment; the control circuit being electrically connected to the controlled end of the first switch circuit and the controlled end of the second switch circuit respectively; the control circuit being configured to, when receiving a power-on signal, control the input end and the output end of the first switch circuit to be connected; and, when receiving a first fault signal representing a fault of the first switch circuit, control the input end and the output end of the first switch circuit to be disconnected, and control the input end and the output end of the second switch circuit to be connected.

3. The power management apparatus of claim 2, wherein the number of the electrical equipment being a plurality; the first switch circuit comprising a plurality of first switch components; the first end of each of the plurality of first switch components being configured to access the first power supply voltage or the supply voltage; the second end of each of the plurality of first switch components being configured to be electrically connected to one of the plurality of electrical equipment one by one; the third end of each of the plurality of first switch components being electrically connected to the control circuit respectively; the control circuit being configured to, when receiving a power-on signal, control the first end and the second end of each of the first switch components to be connected; and, when receiving a first fault signal representing a fault of the first switch circuit, control the first end and the second end of each of the first switch components to be disconnected.

4. The power management apparatus of claim 3, wherein the second switch circuit comprising a plurality of second switch components; the first end of each of the plurality of second switch components being configured to access the first power supply voltage or the supply voltage; the second end of each of the plurality of second switch components being configured to be electrically connected to one of the plurality of electrical equipment one by one; the third end of each of the plurality of second switch components being electrically connected to the control circuit respectively; The control circuit is configured to control the first end and the second end of the first switch component to be connected when a power-on signal is received, and control the first end and the second end of the corresponding second switch component to be connected when a first fault signal representing a failure of the first switch circuit is received.

5. The power management apparatus of claim 2, wherein The input end of the first switch circuit is also configured to be connected to a second power supply voltage, and the second power supply voltage has the same magnitude as the first power supply voltage. The power distribution device further comprises a third switch circuit. The first end of the third switch circuit is electrically connected to the first end of the first switch circuit, the second end of the third switch circuit is electrically connected to the first end of the second switch circuit, the second end of the third switch circuit is also electrically connected to the battery pack, and the third end of the third switch circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit. The control circuit is configured to control the first end and the second end of the third switch to be connected when a power-on signal is received, and control the first end and the second end of the third switch circuit to be disconnected when a first fault signal representing a failure of the first switch circuit is received. The control circuit is also configured to control the input end and the output end of the first switch circuit to be disconnected and control the first end and the second end of the third switch circuit to be disconnected when a second fault signal representing an abnormality of the second power supply voltage is received.

6. The power management apparatus of claim 2, wherein The vehicle comprises a first power-consuming device and a second power-consuming device, and the power distribution device further comprises a fourth switch circuit. The input end of the first switch circuit is electrically connected to the battery pack, and the output end of the first switch circuit is electrically connected to the first power-consuming device; the output end of the second switch circuit is electrically connected to the first power-consuming device. The input end of the fourth switch circuit is electrically connected to the output end of the voltage conversion circuit, the output end of the fourth switch circuit is electrically connected to the second power-consuming device, and the controlled end of the fourth switch circuit is electrically connected to the control circuit; the control circuit is configured to control the input end and the output end of the fourth switch circuit to be electrically connected when a power-on signal is received.

7. The power management apparatus of claim 2, wherein The power distribution device further comprises a temperature detection device. The temperature detection device is electrically connected to the control circuit; the temperature detection device is configured to detect the temperature of the first switch circuit, the temperature of the second switch circuit, and the temperature of the voltage conversion circuit. The control circuit is configured to reduce the working frequency of the first switch circuit when the temperature of the first switch circuit is greater than a first preset temperature, reduce the working frequency of the second switch circuit when the temperature of the second switch circuit is greater than a second preset temperature, and reduce the working frequency of the voltage conversion circuit when the temperature of the voltage conversion circuit is greater than a third preset temperature.

8. The power management apparatus of claim 7, wherein The power management device further comprises a parameter acquisition circuit. The parameter acquisition circuit is configured to acquire an operating parameter of the battery pack. The control circuit is also configured to output an abnormal signal when the operating parameter is not within a preset parameter range; the operating parameter at least includes one of voltage, current, and temperature.

9. The power management apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The power management device further comprises a fault detection circuit. The fault detection circuit is electrically connected to the first switch circuit and the control circuit, respectively. The fault detection circuit is configured to detect a voltage and / or a current of the first switching circuit, and output a corresponding detection voltage and / or a detection current; The control circuit is further configured to control the input end and the output end of the first switching circuit to be disconnected, and control the input end and the output end of the second switching circuit to be connected, when the detection voltage is not within a preset voltage range or the detection current is not within a preset current range.

10. The power management apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The power distribution device is fixedly installed on a surface of the battery pack, and the voltage conversion circuit is arranged in the power distribution device.

11. A vehicle characterized by comprising: An electric power management device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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