Cascaded energy storage monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cascade energy storage monitoring system which comprises a plurality of cabins, each cabin comprises a power control module, a state detection module, an environment regulation and control module and a dynamic environment monitoring module, a monitoring module is connected with the power control module through a first optical fiber, and the power control module is connected with a controller of each energy storage chain link through a second optical fiber. The power and environment monitoring module is connected with the state detection module and the environment regulation and control module, the power and environment monitoring module is connected with the monitoring module through a network cable, the power and environment monitoring module is connected with the power control module through a fault output port, and the power and environment monitoring module can output fault signals to the power control module through the fault output port. The power control module can upload a fault signal to the monitoring module through the first optical fiber and control the energy storage chain link to be shut down according to the fault signal. The design is efficient in transmission, timely in response, capable of reducing the arrangement cost and safe and stable in use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of computer control technology for power systems, and in particular to a cascaded energy storage monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy sources, the installed capacity of new energy sources is increasing. Since new energy sources are unstable, energy storage devices are needed to achieve smooth control of renewable energy power generation, thereby reducing instantaneous power fluctuations and minimizing the impact on the power grid.

[0003] Cascaded energy storage systems typically include energy storage bridge modules, each consisting of multiple energy storage links connected in series. Due to the large number of energy storage links, multiple compartments are required to house them. Each compartment holds several energy storage links and circuit boards. A monitoring module is also installed outside the compartment. The monitoring module first connects to the circuit boards, which in turn connect to each energy storage link inside the compartment. The monitoring module controls the orderly operation of each energy storage link through the circuit boards.

[0004] However, in actual use, it was found that the circuit board not only needs to control the orderly operation of the energy storage chain links, but also needs to detect the operating status of the power components inside the cabin and the operating status information such as environmental parameters to upload to the monitoring module. At the same time, the circuit board also needs to control the operation of environmental control modules such as air conditioning and cooling fans inside the cabin, and adjust environmental parameters to meet the operation of the power components. The above processing results in a large operating load on the control module of the circuit board. Existing manufacturers choose to set up two sets of control modules, both of which are connected to the monitoring module. One control module is responsible for issuing power control commands to control the operation of the energy storage chain links, while the other control module is responsible for uploading operating status information and controlling the operation of the environmental control modules. However, this structure means that the number of cables used for data transmission is doubled. Controlling the energy storage chain links requires the configuration of high-speed data transmission cables such as fiber optic cables, which are expensive. At the same time, when a fault occurs inside the cabin, the other control module also needs to promptly report to the monitoring module, and the monitoring module then issues control commands to shut down the energy storage chain links to prevent the situation from deteriorating further and dangerous situations from occurring. Therefore, the overall layout has high requirements for communication speed, high deployment costs, and also increases later maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a cascaded energy storage monitoring system that features high-efficiency transmission, timely response, reduced deployment costs, and safe and stable operation.

[0006] A cascaded energy storage monitoring system according to a first aspect of the present invention includes at least one set of energy storage bridge arm modules and a monitoring module. The energy storage bridge arm modules include multiple energy storage links connected sequentially. The cascaded energy storage monitoring system includes multiple compartments, and at least multiple energy storage links are disposed within the compartments. Each compartment includes: a power control module, wherein the monitoring module is connected to the power control module via a first optical fiber, and the power control module is connected to the controller of each energy storage link via a second optical fiber; a status detection module, disposed within the compartment, for detecting operating status information; and an environmental control module, disposed within the compartment, for regulating the operation of the environment. Parameters; an environmental monitoring module, connected to the status detection module and the environmental control module respectively, the environmental monitoring module is connected to the monitoring module via a network cable, the environmental monitoring module uploads operating status information via the network cable, the environmental monitoring module also includes a fault output port, the environmental monitoring module is connected to the power control module via the fault output port, the environmental monitoring module can output a fault signal to the power control module via the fault output port, wherein the fault signal is used to characterize the occurrence of an operating fault based on the operating status information, the power control module can upload the fault signal to the monitoring module via the first optical fiber and control the energy storage link to shut down according to the fault signal.

[0007] A cascaded energy storage monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0008] This utility model of a cascaded energy storage monitoring system uses a power control module that connects to the monitoring module via a relatively expensive first optical fiber and to the controllers of each energy storage link within the storage chamber via a second optical fiber. The monitoring module can quickly send power control commands to the controllers of each energy storage link through the power control module to ensure the efficient operation of each energy storage link. For the operational status information within the storage chamber and the status control commands from the environmental control module, the response efficiency requirements are relatively low. The environmental monitoring module can connect to the monitoring module via a relatively inexpensive network cable. The environmental monitoring module uploads operational status information to the monitoring module via the network cable, and the monitoring module sends status control commands to the environmental monitoring module via the network cable. When the operational status information indicates a fault, a fault signal is generated. The environmental monitoring module sends the fault signal to the power control module, allowing the power control module to promptly shut down each energy storage link within the storage chamber. Simultaneously, the power control module quickly sends the fault signal to the monitoring module via the first optical fiber, and the monitoring module can also notify other energy storage links in the storage chamber to respond. This design features efficient transmission, timely response, reduced deployment costs, and safe and stable operation.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the transmission speed of the first optical fiber is higher than that of the second optical fiber.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring module includes a monitoring backend, an energy storage management module, and a main control module. The monitoring backend is connected to the energy storage management module and the main control module respectively. The energy storage management module is connected to each of the environmental monitoring modules via network cables. The main control module is connected to each of the power control modules via a first optical fiber.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this utility model, a first switch is provided between the monitoring backend and the energy storage management module, and the monitoring backend and the energy storage management module are connected through the first switch.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this utility model, a second switch is provided between the monitoring backend and the main control module, and the monitoring backend and the main control module are connected through the second switch.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the state detection module includes one or more combinations of an ambient temperature detection unit, a humidity detection unit, a power storage detection unit, an energy storage temperature detection unit, and a water immersion detection unit; the ambient temperature detection unit is used to detect first temperature information of the environment; the humidity detection unit is used to detect humidity information of the environment; the power storage detection unit is used to detect power information of the energy storage device in the energy storage link; the energy storage temperature detection unit is used to detect second temperature information of the energy storage device in the energy storage link; and the water immersion detection unit is used to detect water level information inside the chamber.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the environmental control module includes one or more of the following: a temperature modulator, a humidity modulator, a water-cooled radiator, a fan, and a fire extinguisher.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the environmental monitoring module is connected to the power control module via optical fiber or network cable.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the energy storage bridge arm module has three sets.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the cascaded energy storage monitoring system of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage bridge arm module of one embodiment of the cascaded energy storage monitoring system of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of one embodiment of the monitoring method.

[0022] Figure label:

[0023] Energy storage bridge arm module 100; energy storage link 110; controller 111; energy storage component 112; cabin 200; monitoring module 300; monitoring backend 310; energy storage management module 320; main control module 330; first switch 340; second switch 350; power control module 400; environmental monitoring module 500; status detection module 510; environmental control module 520; first optical fiber 610; second optical fiber 620; network cable 630. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0025] It should be noted that although functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the module division in the device or the order in the flowchart. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a cascaded energy storage monitoring system according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention includes at least one set of energy storage bridge arm modules 100 and a monitoring module 300. The energy storage bridge arm module 100 includes a plurality of energy storage links 110 connected in sequence. The cascaded energy storage monitoring system includes a plurality of cabins 200, and at least a plurality of energy storage links 110 are disposed in the cabins 200.

[0028] Among them, there can be three energy storage bridge arm modules 100, and the three energy storage bridge arm modules 100 can be connected in a delta or star configuration before being connected to the high-voltage bus.

[0029] The AC sides of the energy storage links 110 in each group of energy storage bridge arm modules 100 are connected in series, specifically, as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage link 110 may include four power switching transistors, an energy storage device 112 (energy storage capacitor, battery, etc.), and a controller 111. The four power switching transistors are connected to form an H-bridge converter circuit. The energy storage device 112 is connected to the DC side of the H-bridge converter circuit. The controller 111 is connected to the controlled terminal of each power switching transistor to control the on and off operation of each power switching transistor. The controller 111 of the energy storage link 110 can be selected from conventional integrated ICs or processors and their auxiliary circuits that have processing and control capabilities.

[0030] The cabin 200 can be constructed from sheet metal parts and alloy brackets to form a relatively enclosed space. There are at least multiple energy storage links 110 in a cabin 200.

[0031] The cabin 200 includes a power control module 400, a status detection module 510, an environmental control module 520, and an environmental monitoring module 500. The monitoring module 300 is connected to the power control module 400 via a first optical fiber 610, and the power control module 400 is connected to the controller 111 of each energy storage link 110 via a second optical fiber 620. The status detection module 510 is located within the cabin 200 and is used to detect operating status information. The environmental control module 520 is located within the cabin 200 and is used to adjust the operating parameters of the environment. The environmental monitoring module 500 is connected to both the status detection module 510 and the environmental control module 520. The environmental monitoring module 500 is connected to the monitoring module 300 via a network cable 630. The environmental monitoring module 500 uploads operating status information via the network cable 630. The environmental monitoring module 500 also includes a fault output port. The environmental monitoring module 500 is connected to the power control module 400 via the fault output port. The environmental monitoring module 500 can output a fault signal to the power control module 400 via the fault output port. The fault signal is generated to indicate that an operating fault has occurred based on the operating status information. The power control module 400 can upload the fault signal to the monitoring module 300 via the first optical fiber 610 and control the energy storage link 110 to shut down based on the fault signal.

[0032] The power control module 400 and the environmental monitoring module 500 can both be selected from conventional MCUs or CPUs and their auxiliary circuits. Specifically, the power control module 400 and the environmental monitoring module 500 are connected through their respective SPI ports as fault output ports.

[0033] In this cascaded energy storage monitoring system, the power control module 400 can be connected to the monitoring module 300 via a relatively high-cost first optical fiber 610, and to the controllers 111 of each energy storage link 110 within the cabin 200 via a second optical fiber 620. The monitoring module 300 can quickly send power control commands from the power control module 400 to the controllers 111 of each energy storage link 110 to ensure efficient operation of each energy storage link 110. However, the response efficiency requirements for the operating status information within the cabin 200 and the status control commands from the environmental control module 520 are relatively low. Therefore, the environmental monitoring module 500 can be connected to the monitoring module 300 via a relatively low-cost network cable 630. The operating status information is uploaded to the monitoring module 300 via the network cable 630. The monitoring module 300 sends status control commands to the environmental monitoring module 500 via the network cable 630. When the operating status information indicates a fault, a fault signal is generated. The environmental monitoring module 500 sends the fault signal to the power control module 400, which then promptly controls the shutdown of each energy storage link 110 in the cabin 200. At the same time, the power control module 400 quickly sends the fault signal to the monitoring module 300 via the first optical fiber 610. The monitoring module 300 can also notify the energy storage links 110 in other cabins 200 to respond. This design has high transmission efficiency, timely response, reduced deployment costs, and safe and stable operation.

[0034] In some embodiments of this utility model, the transmission speed of the first optical fiber 610 is higher than that of the second optical fiber 620.

[0035] Specifically, the first optical fiber 610 can be a high-speed optical fiber, such as glass optical fiber, and the second optical fiber 620 can be a low-speed optical fiber, such as plastic optical fiber.

[0036] Plastic optical fibers have cores and claddings made of plastic or polymers, typically using polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as the core material, while glass optical fibers use glass as the core material. Plastic optical fibers have a larger core diameter (0.15–2 mm), while glass optical fibers have a smaller core diameter (approximately 0.1 mm). Due to their flexibility and resistance to breakage, plastic optical fibers are suitable for short-distance data transmission, although their transmission speed is relatively slow, but their cost is lower. Glass optical fibers, on the other hand, offer high transmission speeds and are suitable for long-distance data transmission, but their cost is higher.

[0037] Since the distance between the power control module 400 and the controllers 111 of each energy storage link 110 inside the cabin 200 is relatively short, the lower-cost second optical fiber 620 can be selected. However, since the monitoring module 300 and the power control module 400 outside the cabin 200 are relatively far apart, the higher-speed first optical fiber 610 can be selected.

[0038] The environmental monitoring module 500 can be connected to the power control module 400 via optical fiber to improve the transmission rate of fault signals, or it can be connected to the power control module 400 via network cable 630. The environmental monitoring module 500 uses a chip without optical signal processing capability, which reduces the cost.

[0039] In some embodiments of this utility model, the monitoring module 300 includes a monitoring backend 310, an energy storage management module 320, and a main control module 330. The monitoring backend 310 is connected to the energy storage management module 320 and the main control module 330, respectively. The energy storage management module 320 is connected to each of the environmental monitoring modules 500 via a network cable 630, and the main control module 330 is connected to each of the power control modules 400 via a first optical fiber 610.

[0040] Among them, the monitoring backend 310 can be the power grid's energy management backend (EMS), and the energy storage management module 320 can also be selected from conventional MCU or CPU processors and their auxiliary circuits. The energy storage management module 320, the dynamic environment control module, and the status detection module 510 can construct a multi-level BMS architecture.

[0041] The main control module 330 can be selected from conventional MCU or CPU processors and their auxiliary circuits. The main control module 330 is used to connect with the power control module 400 in each cabin 200. After the monitoring background 310 sends the power control strategy to the main control module 330, the main control module 330 generates control commands for controlling each energy storage link 110 and distributes them to each power control module 400 accordingly.

[0042] The monitoring backend 310 and the energy storage management module 320 can be connected via a network cable 630. Specifically, a first switch 340 can also be set up to realize data exchange. The first switch 340 can be set up with multiple data transmission ports. The monitoring backend can communicate with each energy storage management module 320 through the first switch 340. Similarly, the monitoring backend 310 and the main control module 330 can be connected via a network cable 630. Specifically, a second switch 350 can also be set up to realize data exchange. The second switch 350 can be set up with multiple data transmission ports. The monitoring backend can communicate with each main control module 330 through the second switch 350.

[0043] In some embodiments of this utility model, the state detection module 510 includes one or more combinations of an ambient temperature detection unit, a humidity detection unit, a power storage detection unit, a power storage temperature detection unit, and a water immersion detection unit.

[0044] The ambient temperature detection unit is used to detect the first temperature information of the environment. The ambient temperature detection unit can use a conventional temperature sensor or an electronic thermometer. The first temperature information represents the ambient temperature inside the cabin 200.

[0045] The humidity detection unit is used to detect the humidity information of the environment. The humidity detection unit can use a conventional humidity sensor.

[0046] The energy storage detection unit is used to detect the energy information of the energy storage device in the energy storage link 110. The energy storage detection unit can be a coulomb meter or a negative voltage sampling circuit. The energy storage detection unit is connected to the energy storage device 112 to detect the energy information.

[0047] The energy storage temperature detection unit is used to detect the second temperature information of the energy storage device in the energy storage link 110. The energy storage temperature detection unit can be a thermocouple or a thermistor. The energy storage temperature detection unit is set at a position close to or in contact with the energy storage device, so as to detect the temperature of the energy storage device during operation.

[0048] The water immersion detection unit is used to detect the water level information inside the cabin 200. Since there are water-cooled heat dissipation pipes inside the cabin 200, there is a risk of water leakage. The water immersion detection unit can be an electrode detection circuit, a capacitive water level detector, a floating water level detector, etc., installed on the ground of the cabin 200.

[0049] In some embodiments of this utility model, the environmental control module 520 includes one or more combinations of a temperature modulator, a humidity modulator, a water-cooled radiator, a fan, and a fire extinguisher.

[0050] The temperature modulator can be an air conditioner or a semiconductor heat exchanger installed inside the cabin 200. The humidity modulator can be a humidifier or dehumidifier installed inside the cabin 200. The water-cooled radiator includes water-cooled pipes that come into contact with and dissipate heat from various power links inside the cabin 200. Under normal operation, the status control module controls the temperature modulator, humidity modulator, water-cooled radiator, fan, etc., to adjust the environmental parameters inside the cabin 200, so that the power links operate stably. When the operating status data shows that there is a fire, dense smoke, or severe overpressure or overcurrent inside the cabin 200, the status control module triggers the fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire and at the same time generates a fault signal to provide to the power control module 400.

[0051] The monitoring method applied to the cascaded energy storage monitoring system disclosed in any of the above embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the monitoring methods include:

[0052] S710, environmental monitoring module acquires operating status information;

[0053] S720. When the operating status information meets the fault conditions, the environmental monitoring module generates a fault signal. The fault conditions are used to determine whether an operating fault has occurred based on the operating status information.

[0054] The S730 environmental monitoring module outputs fault signals to the power control module through the fault output port.

[0055] S740: The power control module receives a fault signal, controls the energy storage chain to shut down based on the fault signal, and uploads the fault signal to the monitoring module through the first optical fiber.

[0056] This new monitoring method offers high-efficiency transmission, timely response, reduced deployment costs, and safe and stable operation.

[0057] Monitoring methods also include:

[0058] When the operating status information does not meet the fault conditions, the environmental monitoring module will upload the operating status information to the monitoring module via the network cable.

[0059] The monitoring module sends status control commands to the environmental monitoring module via network cable, and the environmental monitoring module controls the operation of the environmental control module according to the status control commands.

[0060] Monitoring methods also include:

[0061] The monitoring module sends power control commands to the power control module via the first optical fiber, and the power control module sends the power control commands to the controllers of each energy storage link.

[0062] The monitoring module can quickly send power control commands to the power control modules in each compartment via the first optical fiber. The power control modules then send the power control commands to the controllers of each energy storage link via the second optical fiber. For the operating status information within the compartment and the status control commands for the environmental control module, the environmental monitoring module is connected to the monitoring module via a relatively low-cost network cable. The environmental monitoring module uploads the operating status information to the monitoring module via the network cable, and the monitoring module sends status control commands to the environmental monitoring module via the network cable. When the operating status information indicates a fault, a fault signal is generated. The environmental monitoring module sends the fault signal to the power control module, allowing the power control module to promptly shut down each energy storage link in the compartment. At the same time, the power control module quickly sends the fault signal to the monitoring module via the first optical fiber, and the monitoring module can also notify the energy storage links in other compartments to respond.

[0063] The control device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the monitoring method disclosed in any of the above embodiments.

[0064] The control device can be any intelligent terminal, including a central computer and a remote device terminal computer. Specifically, the control device includes:

[0065] The processor can be implemented using a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to achieve the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0066] The memory can be implemented in the form of read-only memory (ROM), static storage device, dynamic storage device, or random access memory (RAM). The memory can store the operating system and other applications. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented through software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory and called by the processor to execute the monitoring method of the embodiments of this application.

[0067] Input / output interfaces are used to realize information input and output. Input / output interfaces include fiber optic ports, network ports, RS485 ports, CAN ports, DO / DI ports, SPI ports, etc.

[0068] The processor, memory, and input / output interfaces communicate with each other within the device via a bus.

[0069] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the monitoring method disclosed in any of the above embodiments.

[0070] Memory, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs and non-transitory computer-executable programs. Furthermore, memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0071] The embodiments described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown, or combine certain steps, or different steps.

[0073] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0074] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, as well as the functional modules / units in the systems and devices, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof.

[0075] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0076] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this does not limit the scope of the claims of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and substance of the embodiments of the present application shall be within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A cascaded energy storage monitoring system, comprising at least one set of energy storage bridge arm module and a monitoring module, the energy storage bridge arm module comprising a plurality of energy storage chain links connected in sequence, characterized in that, The cascade energy storage monitoring system comprises a plurality of cabins, at least a plurality of energy storage chain links are arranged in the cabins, and the cabin comprises: a power control module, the monitoring module is connected with the power control module through a first optical fiber, and the power control module is connected with the controller of each energy storage chain link through a second optical fiber; a state detection module, the state detection module is used for detecting running state information; an environment regulation module, the environment regulation module is used for adjusting the running parameters of the environment; a dynamic environment monitoring module is connected with the state detection module and the environment regulation module respectively, the dynamic environment monitoring module is connected with the monitoring module through a network cable, the dynamic environment monitoring module uploads the running state information through the network cable, the dynamic environment monitoring module further comprises a fault output port, the dynamic environment monitoring module is connected with the power control module through the fault output port, and the dynamic environment monitoring module can output a fault signal to the power control module through the fault output port. Wherein, the fault signal is formed according to the running state information, the power control module can upload the fault signal to the monitoring module through the first optical fiber and control the energy storage chain link to stop according to the fault signal.

2. The cascaded energy storage monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The transmission speed of the first optical fiber is higher than that of the second optical fiber.

3. The cascaded energy storage monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The monitoring module comprises a monitoring background, an electricity storage management module and a main control module, the monitoring background is connected with the electricity storage management module and the main control module respectively, the electricity storage management module is connected with each dynamic environment monitoring module through a network cable respectively, and the main control module is connected with each power control module through a first optical fiber.

4. The cascaded energy storage monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: A first switch is arranged between the monitoring background and the electricity storage management module, and the monitoring background and the electricity storage management module are connected through the first switch.

5. The cascaded energy monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: A second switch is arranged between the monitoring background and the main control module, and the monitoring background and the main control module are connected through the second switch.

6. The cascaded energy monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The state detection module comprises one or more combinations of an environment temperature detection unit, a humidity detection unit, an electricity storage capacity detection unit, an energy storage temperature detection unit and a water immersion detection unit; The environment temperature detection unit is used for detecting first temperature information of the environment; The humidity detection unit is used for detecting humidity information of the environment; The electricity storage capacity detection unit is used for detecting electricity information of the electricity storage part in the energy storage chain link; The energy storage temperature detection unit is used for detecting second temperature information of the electricity storage part in the energy storage chain link; The water immersion detection unit is used for detecting water level information in the cabin.

7. The cascaded energy monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The environment regulation module comprises one or more combinations of a temperature regulator, a humidity regulator, a water-cooled radiator, a fan and a fire extinguisher.

8. The cascaded energy monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The dynamic environment monitoring module is connected with the power control module through an optical fiber or a network cable.

9. The cascaded energy monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: The energy storage bridge arm module has three groups.

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