Drainage device for highway tunnel with single-layer lining

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel drainage, in particular to a drainage device for a road tunnel with a single-layer lining, which comprises a plurality of grouting columns, and the grouting columns are arranged in a tunnel hole wall and are distributed around dense water seepage holes; the omega-shaped water guide pipe is used for collecting and transmitting water permeated from the dense water seepage holes; the omega-shaped aqueduct surrounds the dense water seepage holes and is fixedly connected with the tunnel wall; the capillary drainage belt covers the sparse water seepage holes in the tunnel hole wall, and the capillary drainage belt is fixedly connected with the tunnel hole wall; the water outlet ends of the omega-shaped water guide pipe and the capillary drainage belt are communicated with the water collecting blind pipe; one end of the drainage pipe is communicated with the water collection blind sidewalk, and the other end is communicated with the in-tunnel drainage ditch; and the concrete cushion layer is poured on the sides, away from the tunnel wall, of the omega-shaped water guide pipe and the capillary drainage belt. The water seepage holes with different concentration ratios can be classified and treated, the Omega-shaped water guide pipes are prevented from being arranged too densely, and the lining strength is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel drainage technology, and in particular to a drainage device for single-layer lining highway tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel engineering, as a crucial component of modern transportation infrastructure, is particularly important in areas with complex geological conditions and varied terrain. Tunnel lining, as a key element of tunnel structural safety, directly affects the stability and service life of the tunnel through its design and construction quality. Currently, tunnel lining is mainly divided into two forms: composite lining and single-layer lining. Compared to composite lining, single-layer lining exhibits several advantages in tunnel engineering. First, its simplified structure helps improve construction efficiency and reduce costs. Second, single-layer lining allows for faster construction, shortening the project cycle. Furthermore, the reduced need for initial support and secondary lining decreases material usage, thus lowering material costs. The maintenance costs of single-layer lining are also relatively low, making it more economical in long-term operation. In terms of structural stress, single-layer lining can more effectively utilize the compressive strength of concrete, optimizing structural stress and improving load-bearing capacity. Simultaneously, it has strong adaptability to geological conditions, providing sufficient safety assurance, especially in areas with favorable geological conditions. In terms of aesthetics, the interior space of a single-layer lining tunnel is cleaner. It also has less environmental impact, reducing the disturbance to the surrounding environment during construction. Finally, single-layer lining offers greater flexibility in design and construction, allowing for adjustments based on geological conditions and engineering requirements. However, water leakage is also common in single-layer linings. Because the single-layer lining is thinner than the more common composite lining, conventional waterproofing methods can easily disturb the surrounding rock, resulting in ineffective waterproofing. Furthermore, waterproofing treatments can easily induce deformation of the surrounding rock, leading to the expansion and conduction of cracks, allowing groundwater to seep into the tunnel and causing a drop in the groundwater level, thus triggering new environmental and ecological problems.

[0003] Utility model patent application number 202022683170.8 discloses a waterproof structure for a tunnel with a single-layer lining, used to waterproof multiple seepage holes in the tunnel wall. The structure includes: a waterproof partition wall composed of multiple grouting columns arranged inside the tunnel wall and distributed around the multiple seepage holes; an Ω-shaped water guide pipe surrounding the multiple seepage holes and fitted to the tunnel wall to form a drainage channel; a drainage pipe, one end connected to the drainage channel and the other end serving as an outlet connected to the tunnel's drainage system; and a concrete pad covering the Ω-shaped water guide pipe. This utility model provides a waterproof structure that improves the waterproofing effect. Simultaneously, the waterproof structure attached to the single-layer lining of the tunnel improves the durability of the concrete poured in the single-layer lining, reducing the possibility of tunnel defects during construction and operation. Furthermore, the waterproof structure and the single-layer lining jointly bear the deformation of the surrounding rock, ensuring tunnel safety.

[0004] While the aforementioned technology can guide water seeping from the rock wall through Ω-shaped water pipes to the drainage pipes and thus transport it to the tunnel's drainage system, the Ω-shaped water pipes are placed at the seepage holes. If the seepage holes are scattered, the required number of water pipes will increase significantly, which is not only inconvenient to arrange but also affects the strength of the lining. Therefore, a technology is needed that can classify and treat seepage holes with different concentrations to prevent the Ω-shaped water pipes from being arranged too densely and to improve the strength of the lining. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a drainage device for highway tunnels with single-layer lining, which can solve the problem of reduced lining strength due to excessive arrangement of Ω-shaped water pipes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a drainage device for a single-layer lining highway tunnel, comprising:

[0007] Several grouting columns: The grouting columns are installed inside the tunnel wall and distributed around the dense seepage holes;

[0008] Ω-shaped water guide pipe: used to collect and transport water seeping from densely packed seepage holes; the Ω-shaped water guide pipe surrounds the densely packed seepage holes and is fixedly connected to the tunnel wall;

[0009] Capillary drainage strip: covering the sparse seepage holes inside the tunnel wall, the capillary drainage strip is fixedly connected to the tunnel wall;

[0010] Water collection blind pipe: The outlet ends of the Ω-shaped water guide pipe and the capillary drainage belt are connected to the water collection blind pipe;

[0011] Several drainage pipes;

[0012] The drainage pipe is connected at one end to the water collection tactile paving and at the other end to the drainage ditch inside the tunnel.

[0013] Concrete cushion layer: poured on the side of the Ω-shaped water pipe and capillary drainage strip away from the tunnel wall.

[0014] The basic principle and beneficial effects of this scheme are as follows: In areas with a high density of seepage holes, this scheme uses grouting columns to block most groundwater seepage. For the remaining groundwater, Ω-shaped water pipes are used to divert it into the tunnel drainage ditch and discharge it out of the tunnel. However, sometimes there are multiple widely distributed seepage holes in the tunnel with small seepage volumes and sparse distribution. Using grouting columns to control these seepage holes would increase workload, time, and material consumption. Therefore, for the remaining, fewer seepage holes, this scheme uses capillary drainage strips to absorb the water from the seepage holes, which is then discharged into the tunnel drainage ditch through tunnel blind pipes. The distribution of the water collection blind pipes is consistent with the tunnel's extension direction, used to collect water from the Ω-shaped water pipes and capillary drainage strips, and then discharge it into the tunnel drainage ditch through several drainage pipes. After the concrete foundation is poured, a smooth wall is formed, in which Ω-shaped water pipes and capillary drainage strips are embedded. This protects the outer surface of the Ω-shaped water pipes and capillary drainage strips and provides external support for them.

[0015] This solution addresses the specific seepage points based on their distribution, effectively reducing leakage within the tunnel. Furthermore, the neat arrangement of the Ω-shaped drainage pipes and capillary drainage strips, embedded in the concrete subbase, ensures even stress distribution, reduces deformation, and extends service life. It also avoids leaving excessive cross-directional voids in the concrete subbase (referring to the internal space of the Ω-shaped drainage pipes; this solution allows for vertically aligned Ω-shaped drainage pipes), thus resolving the issue of reduced lining strength caused by excessive Ω-shaped drainage pipe placement.

[0016] Furthermore, the concrete cushion layer includes a first concrete layer, a waterproof material layer, and a second concrete layer arranged in sequence.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Improves the strength and waterproofing ability of the lining.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a third concrete layer, which is set at the bottom of the tunnel drainage ditch, and the bottom of the tunnel drainage ditch is poured on the third concrete layer.

[0019] Beneficial effects: In the construction of drainage ditches, the land below the drainage ditch is first poured with concrete to form a third concrete layer. On the basis of a flat ground, it can also provide a good supporting structure, and at the same time reduce the accumulation of dirt and other impurities on the third concrete layer.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a seepage platform, the bottom of which is fixed to the top of the third concrete layer, and the top of which is higher than the bottom of the tunnel drainage ditch to form a protrusion; the seepage platform has several evenly spaced capillary pores from top to bottom.

[0021] Beneficial effects: Since the use of grouting columns may cause groundwater seepage to be blocked and not seep out from the inner wall of the tunnel, it may seep out from other locations. The use of seepage platforms in this solution can divert the groundwater on the third concrete layer (the groundwater that has seeped into this area) to the drainage ditch inside the tunnel, preventing it from accumulating above the third concrete layer and causing long-term damage to the tunnel structure.

[0022] Furthermore, the drainage pipes on the side closest to the drainage ditch inside the tunnel are designed with a narrowed opening.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Effectively prevents external dust from entering the drain pipe and accumulating, causing blockages. The constricted opening design, compared to a flat opening, reduces the area where dust can enter. Even if dust enters the drain pipe before drainage and adheres to the inner wall, the constricted opening increases the water flow rate and residence time during the next drainage cycle, resulting in increased water pressure. This effectively dissolves and flushes away the dust, cleaning the drain pipe.

[0024] Furthermore, an installation groove is chiseled around the seepage hole of the Ω-shaped water guide pipe; a waterproof material is sprayed at the connection between the installation groove and the Ω-shaped water guide pipe.

[0025] Furthermore, the drainage pipes are installed at an angle towards the drainage ditch inside the tunnel.

[0026] Other advantages, objectives, and features of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination and study, or may be learned from practice of this invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the preferred embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a drainage device for a single-layer lining highway tunnel, according to a first embodiment.

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of Ω-shaped water guide pipe and capillary drainage tape installed at seepage hole.

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the drainage of water from the seepage hole.

[0032] Attached reference numerals: 1. Grouting column; 11. Seepage hole; 2. Ω-shaped water guide pipe; 3. First concrete layer; 4. Second concrete layer; 5. Waterproof material layer; 6. Water collection blind pipe; 7. Drainage pipe; 8. Drainage ditch inside the tunnel; 9. Seepage platform; 91. Capillary pore; 92. Third concrete layer; 10. Capillary drainage strip. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. This utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this utility model. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0034] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the present invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0035] In the accompanying drawings of this utility model, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] Example 1 is attached. Figure 1-4 As shown, a drainage device for a single-layer lining highway tunnel includes:

[0037] Several grouting columns 1: Grouting columns 1 are installed inside the tunnel wall and distributed around the densely packed seepage holes 11; the grouting method adopts the existing grouting technology: the orifice spacing between two adjacent grouting holes is 1-1.5m, the hole diameter is 50mm, and a small guide pipe with a φ42 diameter and a wall thickness of 3.5mm is used for grouting. During grouting, the grout diffusion radius of each grouting hole is not less than 2m. Each grouting hole intersects with the seepage hole 11 in the surrounding rock through a fissure. The grouting pressure during grouting is less than 0. The grouting slurry is made of ultrafine cement mixed with a water-cement ratio of 1:1. When the grouting column 1 is constructed, the diffusion of the slurry causes adjacent grouting columns 1 to connect and surround the seepage hole 11 in sequence. At the same time, the injected slurry can fill the surrounding rock fissures that are connected to the seepage hole 11, thereby preventing groundwater from seeping into the seepage hole 111 through the surrounding rock fissures. The waterproof partition wall formed by the grouting columns 1 prevents groundwater in the surrounding rock from seeping out from the opening of the seepage hole 11.

[0038] Ω-shaped water pipe 2: used to collect and transport water seeping from the dense seepage holes 11; the Ω-shaped water pipe 2 surrounds the dense seepage holes 11 and is fixedly connected to the tunnel wall;

[0039] Capillary drainage strip 10: Covers the sparse seepage holes 11 inside the tunnel wall, and the capillary drainage strip 10 is fixedly connected to the tunnel wall.

[0040] Water collection blind pipe 6: The outlet ends of Ω-shaped water guide pipe 2 and capillary drainage band 10 are both connected to water collection blind pipe 6;

[0041] Several drainage pipes 7;

[0042] Tunnel drainage ditch 8: One end of the drainage pipe 7 is connected to the water collection blind path, and the other end is connected to the tunnel drainage ditch 8;

[0043] Concrete cushion layer: poured on the side away from the tunnel wall of Ω-shaped water pipe 2 and capillary drainage strip 10.

[0044] The concrete foundation consists of a first concrete layer 3, a waterproof material layer 5, and a second concrete layer 4 arranged sequentially. Both the first concrete layer 3 and the second concrete layer 4 are made by spraying cement slurry.

[0045] It also includes a third concrete layer 92, which is set at the bottom of the tunnel drainage ditch 8, and the bottom of the tunnel drainage ditch 8 is poured on the third concrete layer 92.

[0046] As attached Figure 1 and 3 As shown, it also includes a seepage platform 9, the bottom of which is fixed to the top of the third concrete layer 92, and the top of the seepage platform 9 is higher than the bottom of the tunnel drainage ditch 8 to form a protrusion; the seepage platform 9 has a number of evenly spaced capillary pores 91 from top to bottom.

[0047] The drainage pipe 7 is inclined toward the drainage ditch 8 inside the tunnel. The drainage pipe 7 on the side closer to the drainage ditch 8 inside the tunnel is narrowed.

[0048] An installation groove is chiseled around the seepage hole 11 of the Ω-shaped water guide pipe 2; a waterproof material is sprayed at the connection between the installation groove and the Ω-shaped water guide pipe 2. Both the waterproof material and the waterproof material layer 5 can be waterproof coatings, and the appropriate choice can be made based on the desired working effect.

[0049] This scheme addresses areas with a high density of seepage holes 11 by installing grouting columns 1 to block most groundwater seepage. For the remaining groundwater, Ω-shaped water pipes 2 are used to divert it into the tunnel drainage ditch 8 and discharge it out of the tunnel. However, sometimes there are multiple widely distributed seepage holes 11 within the tunnel, with small seepage volumes and sparse distribution. Using grouting columns 1 to control these would increase workload, time, and material consumption. Therefore, for the remaining, fewer seepage holes 11, this scheme uses capillary drainage strips 10 to cover them, absorbing the water from the seepage holes 11 into the capillary drainage strips 10, which is then discharged into the tunnel drainage ditch 8 via tunnel blind pipes. The distribution of water collection blind pipes 6 is consistent with the tunnel's extension direction, used to collect water from the Ω-shaped water pipes 2 and capillary drainage strips 10, and then discharge it into the tunnel drainage ditch 8 through several drainage pipes 7. After the concrete foundation is poured, a smooth wall is formed, in which the Ω-shaped water pipe 2 and the capillary drainage strip 10 are embedded. This protects the outer surface of the Ω-shaped water pipe 2 and the capillary drainage strip 10, and also provides external support for them.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of this technical solution, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A drainage device for a single-layer lining highway tunnel, characterized in that, include: Several grouting columns: The grouting columns are installed inside the tunnel wall and distributed around the dense seepage holes; Ω-shaped water guide pipe: used to collect and transport water seeping from densely packed seepage holes; the Ω-shaped water guide pipe surrounds the densely packed seepage holes and is fixedly connected to the tunnel wall; Capillary drainage strip: covering the sparse seepage holes inside the tunnel wall, the capillary drainage strip is fixedly connected to the tunnel wall; Water collection blind pipe: The outlet ends of the Ω-shaped water guide pipe and the capillary drainage belt are connected to the water collection blind pipe; Several drainage pipes; The drainage pipe is connected at one end to the water collection tactile paving and at the other end to the drainage ditch inside the tunnel. Concrete cushion layer: poured on the side away from the tunnel wall of the Ω-shaped water guide pipe and capillary drainage belt; the concrete cushion layer includes a first concrete layer, a waterproof material layer and a second concrete layer arranged in sequence; it also includes a third concrete layer, which is set at the bottom of the tunnel drainage ditch, and the bottom of the tunnel drainage ditch is poured on the third concrete layer; it also includes a seepage platform, the bottom of which is fixed to the top of the third concrete layer, and the top of which is higher than the bottom of the tunnel drainage ditch to form a protrusion; the seepage platform has a number of evenly spaced capillary pores from top to bottom.

2. A drainage device for a single-layer lining highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe near the drainage ditch inside the tunnel is designed with a narrowed opening.

3. A drainage device for a single-layer lining highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: An installation groove is chiseled around the seepage hole of the Ω-shaped water guide pipe; waterproof material is sprayed at the connection between the installation groove and the Ω-shaped water guide pipe.

4. A drainage device for a single-layer lining highway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe is inclined toward the drainage ditch inside the tunnel.

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