Distributed photovoltaic power generation monitoring and information acquisition system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a distributed photovoltaic power generation monitoring and information acquisition system, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and the system comprises a transformer area intelligent fusion terminal, a property management platform, a power distribution cloud master station, a plurality of photovoltaic power generation devices, a plurality of photovoltaic inverters, a plurality of interface converters, a plurality of inverter communication rods, and a plurality of distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring units. The photovoltaic power generation devices, the photovoltaic inverters, the interface converters, the inverter communication rods and the distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring units are in one-to-one correspondence; each distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit comprises an MCU controller, a power supply module, an ADC sampling module, a first RS485 communication module, a Bluetooth communication module, an embedded pluggable carrier communication module and a first universal asynchronous transceiving transmitter. According to the invention, distributed photovoltaic safety access control can be realized, disordered grid connection is avoided, the problems of voltage out-of-limit, harmonic wave out-of-limit, low power factor and reverse heavy overload of equipment are effectively solved, and the influence on a power grid of a transformer area is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to a monitoring and information collection system for distributed photovoltaic power generation. BACKGROUND

[0002] The distributed photovoltaic power generation system is a power generation technology for converting solar energy into electric energy to meet daily life and industrial development. When the photovoltaic system is constructed, due to its small scale, the photovoltaic system can be built near the place where power is consumed, so that the generated electric energy can be quickly transmitted, cable loss during long-distance transmission is avoided, and the generated electric energy has the characteristics of user-side self-sufficiency and excess power on the network.

[0003] The distributed photovoltaic is generally connected to the low-voltage (220V / 380V) area, has the problems of "dispersion, randomness and disorder", and is generally the asset of the user. The communication interface of the photovoltaic inverter is various, there are many private protocols, and it is difficult to supervise. Due to the disorderly connection, the distributed photovoltaic is easy to cause problems such as reverse heavy overload, high voltage and high line loss of the area. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art. To this end, the present application provides a monitoring and information collection system for distributed photovoltaic power generation, which can realize safe access control of distributed photovoltaic, avoid disorderly grid connection, effectively solve the problems of voltage out-of-limit, harmonic over-standard, low power factor and equipment reverse heavy overload, and reduce the influence on the area power grid.

[0005] The present application provides a monitoring and information collection system for distributed photovoltaic power generation, comprising: an area intelligent fusion terminal, a management platform, a power distribution cloud master station, a plurality of photovoltaic power generation devices, a plurality of photovoltaic inverters, a plurality of interface converters, a plurality of inverter communication rods and a plurality of distributed photovoltaic collection and monitoring units.

[0006] The photovoltaic power generation device, the photovoltaic inverter, the interface converter, the inverter communication rod and the distributed photovoltaic collection and monitoring unit correspond one-to-one, the photovoltaic inverter is connected with the corresponding photovoltaic power generation device and interface converter, the interface converter is further connected with the corresponding inverter communication rod and distributed photovoltaic collection and monitoring unit, the area intelligent fusion terminal is connected with the management platform, and the management platform is connected with the power distribution cloud master station.

[0007] Each of the distributed photovoltaic collection monitoring units comprises an MCU controller, a power module, an ADC sampling module, a first RS485 communication module, a Bluetooth communication module, an embedded pluggable carrier communication module and a first universal asynchronous receiver transmitter, the ADC sampling module, the Bluetooth communication module and the embedded pluggable carrier communication module are connected with the corresponding MCU controller, the embedded pluggable carrier communication module is connected to the intelligent fusion terminal of the transformer area, the MCU controller is connected with the corresponding inverter communication rod through the first RS485 communication module, the MCU controller is connected with the embedded pluggable carrier communication module through the first universal asynchronous receiver transmitter, and the power module is connected with the MCU controller, the ADC sampling module, the first RS485 communication module and the Bluetooth communication module respectively.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the distributed photovoltaic power generation monitoring and information collection system further comprises a transformer, one end of the transformer is connected with each of the MCU controllers, and the other end of the transformer is connected with the intelligent fusion terminal of the transformer area.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the distributed photovoltaic collection monitoring unit further comprises a debugging serial port and a second universal asynchronous receiver transmitter, and the MCU controller is connected with the debugging serial port through the second universal asynchronous receiver transmitter.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the distributed photovoltaic collection monitoring unit further comprises a first MCU running state indicator, a second MCU uplink communication state indicator, a third MCU downlink communication state indicator and a Bluetooth maintenance state indicator, and the MCU controller is connected with the first MCU running state indicator, the second MCU uplink communication state indicator, the third MCU downlink communication state indicator and the Bluetooth maintenance state indicator respectively.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, a serial peripheral interface is arranged on the MCU controller, and the MCU controller is connected with the ADC sampling module through the serial peripheral interface.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the distributed photovoltaic collection monitoring unit further comprises a second RS485 communication module and a grid-connected box low-voltage intelligent switch, and the MCU controller is connected with the grid-connected box low-voltage intelligent switch through the second RS485 communication module.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit further comprises a remote signaling information acquisition unit and a remote control interface, two first I / O interfaces are arranged on the MCU controller, and the MCU controller is connected with the remote signaling information acquisition unit and the remote control interface through the two first I / O interfaces respectively, and the remote signaling information acquisition unit and the remote control interface are connected with the low-voltage intelligent switch of the grid-connected box.

[0014] In the present application, the interface converter is a component for connecting the distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit with the photovoltaic inverter. Each distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit can be used with one interface converter to realize the connection of the hardware circuit of the photovoltaic inverter, to realize the communication switching between the single photovoltaic inverter and the power distribution automation system and the manufacturer cloud platform, to expand the original one-way 485 communication channel of the photovoltaic inverter into two ways, and to realize the normal acquisition and the issuance of control instructions of the two master stations under the condition that the communication of the manufacturer cloud platform is not affected. The distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit communicates with the intelligent transformer area integrated terminal through the embedded pluggable carrier wave communication module and the intelligent transformer area integrated terminal, accepts the regulation and control of the intelligent transformer area integrated terminal, and can realize the on-grid and off-grid rigid control / soft adjustment of the distributed photovoltaic equipment. The intelligent transformer area integrated terminal communicates with the management platform through the 4G / 5G communication mode, uploads data to the Internet of Things cloud master station, realizes the remote regulation and control of the master station to the field distributed photovoltaic through user information registration and graphic drawing and other methods on the power distribution cloud master station platform side, realizes the safe access control of the distributed photovoltaic through the implementation of acquisition and control of the distributed photovoltaic user data, the 'cloud edge' interaction between the power distribution cloud master station and the intelligent transformer area integrated terminal, and the 'edge end' interaction between the intelligent transformer area integrated terminal and the distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit, avoids disordered grid connection, and solves the problems of voltage overrun, harmonic overlimit, low power factor, and equipment reverse overload, and reduces the influence on the transformer area power grid. Through the above arrangement, the safe access control of the distributed photovoltaic can be realized, disordered grid connection can be avoided, the problems of voltage overrun, harmonic overlimit, low power factor, and equipment reverse overload can be effectively solved, and the influence on the transformer area power grid can be reduced.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be made apparent by the following description and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the overall architecture connection relationship of the monitoring and information acquisition system of the distributed photovoltaic power generation provided for the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 A pin definition schematic diagram of an embedded pluggable carrier communication module provided for an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0021] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation description, such as the orientation or position relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0022] In the description of the present application, if there is a description of first, second, only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of indicated technical features.

[0023] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be broadly understood, and the person skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0024] The distributed photovoltaic power generation system is a power generation technology that converts solar energy into electric energy to meet daily life and industrial development. When building a photovoltaic system, due to its small scale, it can be built near the load power place, which can quickly transmit the generated electric energy, avoid cable loss during long-distance transmission, and use the generated electric energy of the system, which has the characteristics of user-side self-sufficiency and excess power on the network.

[0025] Distributed photovoltaic is generally low-voltage (220V / 380V) connected to the area, with the problems of "dispersion, randomness, and disorder", and distributed photovoltaic is generally the user's asset, photovoltaic inverter communication interface is various, private protocol is more, and supervision is more difficult. Due to disorderly access, distributed photovoltaic grid-connected is easy to cause problems such as reverse overload, high voltage, and high line loss of the area.

[0026] In order to solve the above problems, the application provides a monitoring and information collection system for distributed photovoltaic power generation.

[0027] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0028] With reference to Figures 1 to 2 The application provides a monitoring and information collection system for distributed photovoltaic power generation, comprising a district intelligent fusion terminal, a management platform, a power distribution cloud master station, a plurality of photovoltaic power generation devices, a plurality of photovoltaic inverters, a plurality of interface converters, a plurality of inverter communication rods and a plurality of distributed photovoltaic collection monitoring units. The photovoltaic power generation device, the photovoltaic inverter, the interface converter, the inverter communication rod and the distributed photovoltaic collection monitoring unit correspond one-to-one. The photovoltaic inverter is connected with the corresponding photovoltaic power generation device and the interface converter respectively. The interface converter is further connected with the corresponding inverter communication rod and the distributed photovoltaic collection monitoring unit respectively. The district intelligent fusion terminal is connected with the management platform. The management platform is connected with the power distribution cloud master station. Each distributed photovoltaic collection monitoring unit comprises an MCU controller, a power module, an ADC sampling module, a first RS485 communication module, a Bluetooth communication module, an embedded pluggable carrier wave communication module and a first universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter. The ADC sampling module, the Bluetooth communication module and the embedded pluggable carrier wave communication module are connected with the corresponding MCU controller. The embedded pluggable carrier wave communication module is connected to the district intelligent fusion terminal. The MCU controller is connected with the corresponding inverter communication rod through the first RS485 communication module. The MCU controller is connected with the embedded pluggable carrier wave communication module through the first universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter. The power module is connected with the MCU controller, the ADC sampling module, the first RS485 communication module and the Bluetooth communication module respectively.

[0029] It should be noted that Figure 1 The collection monitoring unit in the above embodiment is a distributed photovoltaic collection monitoring unit.

[0030] For example, Figure 1As shown, the monitoring and information collection system of the distributed photovoltaic power generation includes three photovoltaic power generation devices, a photovoltaic inverter, an interface converter, an inverter communication rod, a distributed photovoltaic collection monitoring unit, and a number of embedded pluggable carrier communication modules corresponding to the number of photovoltaic power generation devices. The photovoltaic power generation device can also be set to other numbers, and is not limited to the embodiment of the application.

[0031] It should be noted that the photovoltaic inverter is connected with the interface converter through the 485 communication mode; and the inverter communication rod is used to connect with the corresponding inverter manufacturer cloud platform.

[0032] It should be noted that the application has compact structure, small space occupation, and powerful function. Through the interface converter, various models of photovoltaic inverters can be connected, and the difficulty of distributed photovoltaic collection monitoring is reduced. Through the protocol adaptive identification function of the collection monitoring unit, the inverter model point table can be automatically identified, converted into a standard master message, and uploaded to the fusion terminal. It can be used immediately without debugging, which greatly reduces the field maintenance workload. It can support simultaneous reading with the owner's communication rod, realize serial port switching through the control interface converter, ensure that the user's communication rod reading is not affected, realize data collection of the inverter, and support flexible adjustment of active and reactive power of the photovoltaic inverter and hard node control of the low-voltage intelligent switch of the grid-connected point, so as to realize monitoring and regulation of the distributed grid-connected photovoltaic.

[0033] It should be noted that the intelligent fusion terminal of the transformer area (referred to as "fusion terminal") is based on the concept of "software defined terminal" and open platform architecture design, hardware platform, software APP, and uses edge computing, container, Internet of Things, cloud edge collaboration and other key technologies to design a new generation of distribution network terminal product. The fusion terminal is the core equipment of the "edge" side of the power Internet of Things, and has the functions of device management, collection communication, collaborative computing, intelligent analysis and decision control. It can realize flexible expansion of functions in a software-defined manner, support marketing, power distribution and emerging businesses. The distributed photovoltaic collection monitoring unit is a device for collecting, processing and real-time monitoring of power generation and power consumption information of distributed photovoltaic users, realizing automatic collection of photovoltaic user information, grid-connected point power quality monitoring, power consumption analysis and management, distributed energy monitoring, photovoltaic power generation flexible regulation and grid-connected point switch rigid control and other functions.

[0034] It should be noted that the ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter, Analog-to-Digital Converter) is an electronic device that can convert continuous analog electrical signals into digital signals. UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter) is a serial communication interface protocol.

[0035] It should be noted that the embedded pluggable carrier communication module can be an HPLC communication module, or an RF communication module or a LORA communication module, so as to realize the wireless data transmission function of the fusion terminal. The LORA communication module is a wireless communication module based on LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network), which supports the LORAWAN standard protocol and can realize the transparent transmission and bidirectional communication of serial port data; the HPLC communication module is a communication module based on high-speed power line carrier communication (HPLC) technology, mainly used for data transmission, data reading, channel management, power failure reporting, system management and other functions on the power line medium, which uses the power line as the data transmission medium without additional signal line, reducing the cost of equipment upgrading and transformation; the RF communication module refers to a module that uses radio frequency (RF) technology for communication. The RF communication module transmits data and signals through radio waves and is widely used in various wireless communication devices.

[0036] In the embodiment, the MCU controller selects a V8411N chip with a domestic Hangzhou Wan Gao Technology Cotex-M4 core, which is responsible for managing all hardware resources and realizing functions such as acquisition, communication, control and debugging.

[0037] It should be noted that the MCU controller accesses the photovoltaic inverter through the interface of the first RS485 communication module, can real-time collect telemetry, remote signaling, alarm and other information of the photovoltaic inverter, and receive the regulation and control command of the intelligent fusion terminal of the transformer area, real-time adjust the active and reactive output of the inverter, and realize the off-grid control of the inverter.

[0038] It should be noted that the power module converts 220V to DC 5V / DC12V, wherein DC5V is used as a power supply, DC12V is used for power supply of the embedded pluggable carrier communication module, and DC5V is used for power supply of the first RS485 communication module. The MCU controller uses a power chip to monitor voltage fluctuation, and abnormal voltage fluctuation can trigger module reset. The 5V is converted to 3.3V power chip for power supply of the MCU controller, ADC sampling module and Bluetooth communication, etc.

[0039] In some embodiments, the interface between the embedded pluggable carrier communication module and the MCU controller adopts a 2x6, 2.54mm pitch socket as a connecting piece, the interface definition is as shown in Figure 3 The pin signal definition is as shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Interface definition of embedded pluggable carrier communication module

[0041]

[0042] In the present application, the interface converter is a distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit connected to the photovoltaic inverter accessory, each distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit can be matched with an interface converter, realizing the hardware line connection of the photovoltaic inverter, used to realize the communication switching of single photovoltaic inverter and power distribution automation system, manufacturer cloud platform double master station; the original one-way 485 communication channel of the photovoltaic inverter is expanded into two ways, under the condition of ensuring that the manufacturer cloud platform communication is not affected, the other 485 communication channel is connected to the acquisition monitoring unit, realizing that two master stations can normally collect, issue control instructions, etc.; the distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit communicates with the intelligent terminal of the transformer area through the embedded pluggable carrier wave communication module and the intelligent terminal of the transformer area, accepts the regulation and control of the intelligent terminal of the transformer area, and can realize the on-grid and off-grid rigid control / soft adjustment of the distributed photovoltaic equipment; the intelligent terminal of the transformer area communicates with the management platform through 4G / 5G communication mode, uploads data to the Internet of Things cloud master station; on the side of the power distribution cloud master station platform, through user information registration and graphic drawing, etc., the regulation and control of the master station to the field distributed photovoltaic are realized; through the implementation of acquisition and control of distributed photovoltaic user data, through the "cloud edge" interaction of the power distribution cloud master station and the intelligent terminal of the transformer area, and the "edge end" interaction of the intelligent terminal of the transformer area and the distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit, the safe access control of the distributed photovoltaic is realized, avoiding disordered grid connection, solving the problems of voltage overrun, harmonic overproof, low power factor, equipment reverse overload, and reducing the influence on the transformer area power grid. Through the setting of the present application, the safe access control of the distributed photovoltaic can be realized, avoiding disordered grid connection, effectively solving the problems of voltage overrun, harmonic overproof, low power factor, equipment reverse overload, and reducing the influence on the transformer area power grid.

[0043] Specifically, the main functions of the monitoring and information collection system of the distributed photovoltaic power generation include: 1) grid-connected point sampling function: realizing grid-connected point voltage and current sampling function, and measuring voltage and current accuracy of 0.5 level; 2) power quality analysis: by monitoring grid-connected point voltage, current, frequency, harmonic and other electrical parameters, and analyzing power quality, by interacting with fusion terminal, power supply quality and power reliability are improved, mainly including harmonic analysis: voltage 2-25th harmonic, harmonic distortion rate; voltage deviation, frequency deviation; voltage fluctuation and flicker; three-phase voltage imbalance; DC component; 3) data acquisition and control function: the acquisition monitoring unit can support data acquisition and control of the photovoltaic inverter hung below, has photovoltaic inverter communication link monitoring function, can monitor the state of downlink communication link, has proxy function, can forward the data such as commands or parameters required to be transmitted by the acquisition terminal through the corresponding communication port; 4) protocol conversion function: the acquisition monitoring unit supports downlink Modbus protocol automatic identification function, can automatically identify all inverter protocols hung below, and can automatically convert uplink DL / T698.45, DL / T645 and other protocols into the corresponding Modbus protocol identified to communicate; 5) grid-connected point control function: the acquisition monitoring unit has 1 remote control interface and 1 remote signaling interface. By outputting relay signals, the external circuit breaker is controlled to be connected and disconnected, and the circuit breaker connection / disconnection state signal is fed back through remote signaling; 6) flexible adjustment function: the acquisition monitoring unit supports the following flexible adjustment methods: ① numerical adjustment: the master station and the acquisition terminal issue inverter output power (active power, reactive power, power factor) numerical control instructions, and the acquisition monitoring unit issues control commands according to the numerical value after receiving, to control the photovoltaic inverter output; ② proportional adjustment: the master station and the acquisition terminal issue inverter rated power (active power, reactive power) percentage control instructions, and the acquisition monitoring unit issues control commands according to the rated power percentage after receiving, to control the photovoltaic inverter output; ③ time period adjustment: the master station and the acquisition terminal issue a control time period table containing time value and control value (index supports percentage or numerical value), the acquisition monitoring unit receives and stores the control time period table, and executes the control instructions according to the time requirement, and automatically restores after the control ends; 7) event recording function: the acquisition monitoring unit has the following event recording functions:

[0044] Record the total number of overvoltage events (6 threshold parameters adjustable), the time of occurrence and voltage data of the last 50 events; record the total number of undervoltage events, the time of occurrence of the last 50 control events; record regulation events, the time of occurrence and control information of the last 50 control events; record photovoltaic inverter communication anomaly events, the time of occurrence of the last 10 communication anomalies; record distributed power supply unit equipment power-on events, the time of occurrence of the last 10 power outages and power-on events; record the total number of distributed power supply unit equipment failures, the type of the last 10 equipment failure events and the time of occurrence of the failure; record the total number of distributed power supply unit event resets, the time of occurrence of the last 10 distributed power supply unit event resets; record distributed power... The system records the total number of times the access unit is initialized, and the timestamps of the last 10 distributed power access unit initializations; the total number of online software upgrades for the distributed power access unit, and the version information before and after the last 10 upgrades; the total number of time synchronizations for the distributed power access unit, and the timestamps before and after the last 10 time synchronizations; 8) Local maintenance function: The acquisition and monitoring unit has local status indication and a local Bluetooth maintenance interface, supporting handheld devices to read information such as the supplier, model, and software version of the acquisition and monitoring unit via Bluetooth communication interface and maintenance RS-485 interface, setting parameters, reading inverter data on-site, and supporting upgrades via remote and local methods (Bluetooth, RS485 maintenance), and supporting breakpoint resume mode. Upgrades and other operations do not affect historical data; 9) Function configuration: The function configuration of the distributed photovoltaic acquisition and monitoring unit is shown in Table 2:

[0045] Table 2 Functional Configuration of Data Acquisition and Monitoring Unit

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] Reference Figure 1 It is understandable that the monitoring and information collection system for distributed photovoltaic power generation also includes transformers. One end of the transformer is connected to each MCU controller, and the other end of the transformer is connected to the intelligent fusion terminal of the distribution area.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 It is understandable that the distributed photovoltaic data acquisition and monitoring unit also includes a debugging serial port and a second universal asynchronous transceiver. The MCU controller is connected to the debugging serial port through the second universal asynchronous transceiver.

[0050] It should be noted that the debug serial port is used to implement debug printing and shell interaction functions.

[0051] Reference Figure 1It can be understood that the distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit further comprises a first MCU running state indicator, a second MCU uplink communication state indicator, a third MCU downlink communication state indicator and a Bluetooth maintenance state indicator, and the MCU controller is connected with the first MCU running state indicator, the second MCU uplink communication state indicator, the third MCU downlink communication state indicator and the Bluetooth maintenance state indicator respectively.

[0052] It should be noted that the first MCU running state indicator, the second MCU uplink communication state indicator, the third MCU downlink communication state indicator and the Bluetooth maintenance state indicator are all LED indicators, and the first MCU running state indicator, the second MCU uplink communication state indicator, the third MCU downlink communication state indicator and the Bluetooth maintenance state indicator are used to indicate the running state, the uplink communication, the downlink communication state and the Bluetooth maintenance state respectively, and the first MCU running state indicator, the second MCU uplink communication state indicator, the third MCU downlink communication state indicator and the Bluetooth maintenance state indicator are all connected with the MCU controller through the universal asynchronous receiver transmitter.

[0053] Referring to Figure 1 It can be understood that the MCU controller is provided with a serial peripheral interface, and the MCU controller is connected with the ADC sampling module through the serial peripheral interface.

[0054] It should be noted that SPI is the abbreviation of Serial Peripheral Interface, and the MCU controller is connected with the ADC sampling module through SPI, so as to realize the photovoltaic grid-connected point voltage (Ua, Ub, Uc), small signal current (Ia, Ib, Ic) analog acquisition, and active power, reactive power, power factor, harmonic and other calculation data.

[0055] Referring to Figure 1 It can be understood that the distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit further comprises a second RS485 communication module and a low-voltage intelligent switch of the grid-connected box, and the MCU controller is connected with the low-voltage intelligent switch of the grid-connected box through the second RS485 communication module.

[0056] In the embodiment, the MCU controller is connected with the first RS485 communication module and the second RS485 communication module through the universal asynchronous receiver transmitter.

[0057] Referring to Figure 1It can be understood that the distributed photovoltaic acquisition monitoring unit further comprises a remote information acquisition unit and a remote control interface, two first I / O interfaces are arranged on the MCU controller, the MCU controller is connected with the remote information acquisition unit and the remote control interface through the two first I / O interfaces respectively, and the remote information acquisition unit and the remote control interface are connected with the grid-connected box low-voltage intelligent switch.

[0058] It should be noted that the MCU controller is connected with the grid-connected box low-voltage intelligent switch through the second RS485 communication module, and the telemetry, remote information, event, alarm and other information of the switch are acquired in real time; the on-off instruction of the fusion terminal is received, the on-off of the low-voltage intelligent switch is realized, and the influence on the interests of the power grid and the user is reduced.

[0059] It should be noted that the MCU controller can generate an event sequence record (SOE) by expanding the remote information (DC12V) input acquisition through 1 first I / O interface; and the grid-connected point switch of the grid-connected box low-voltage intelligent switch can be controlled through the remote control interface of another 1 second I / O interface.

[0060] The above is the preferred embodiment of the application, and it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, some improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of the application, and these improvements and refinements are also regarded as the protection scope of the application.

[0061] Although the embodiments of the application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the application, and the scope of the application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A monitoring and information acquisition system for distributed photovoltaic power generation, characterized in that, include: The system includes a smart integrated terminal for the distribution area, a property management platform, a power distribution cloud master station, multiple photovoltaic power generation devices, multiple photovoltaic inverters, multiple interface converters, multiple inverter communication rods, and multiple distributed photovoltaic data acquisition and monitoring units. The photovoltaic power generation device, the photovoltaic inverter, the interface converter, the inverter communication rod, and the distributed photovoltaic acquisition and monitoring unit are all corresponding to each other. The photovoltaic inverter is connected to the corresponding photovoltaic power generation device and the interface converter. The interface converter is also connected to the corresponding inverter communication rod and the distributed photovoltaic acquisition and monitoring unit through two 485 communication channels. The intelligent integrated terminal of the distribution area is connected to the property management platform. The property management platform is connected to the power distribution cloud master station. Each of the distributed photovoltaic data acquisition and monitoring units includes an MCU controller, a power supply module, an ADC sampling module, a first RS485 communication module, a Bluetooth communication module, an embedded pluggable carrier communication module, and a first universal asynchronous transceiver. The ADC sampling module, the Bluetooth communication module, and the embedded pluggable carrier communication module are all connected to the corresponding MCU controller. The embedded pluggable carrier communication module is connected to the smart converged terminal of the distribution area. The MCU controller is connected to the corresponding inverter communication rod through the first RS485 communication module. The MCU controller is connected to the embedded pluggable carrier communication module through the first universal asynchronous transceiver. The power supply module is connected to the MCU controller, the ADC sampling module, the first RS485 communication module, and the Bluetooth communication module.

2. The monitoring and information acquisition system for distributed photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed photovoltaic power generation monitoring and information acquisition system also includes a transformer, one end of which is connected to each of the MCU controllers, and the other end of which is connected to the intelligent fusion terminal of the distribution area.

3. The monitoring and information acquisition system for distributed photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed photovoltaic data acquisition and monitoring unit also includes a debug serial port and a second universal asynchronous transceiver. The MCU controller is connected to the debug serial port through the second universal asynchronous transceiver.

4. The monitoring and information acquisition system for distributed photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed photovoltaic data acquisition and monitoring unit also includes a first MCU operating status indicator, a second MCU uplink communication status indicator, a third MCU downlink communication status indicator, and a Bluetooth maintenance status indicator. The MCU controller is connected to the first MCU operating status indicator, the second MCU uplink communication status indicator, the third MCU downlink communication status indicator, and the Bluetooth maintenance status indicator, respectively.

5. The monitoring and information acquisition system for distributed photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MCU controller is equipped with a serial peripheral interface, and the MCU controller is connected to the ADC sampling module through the serial peripheral interface.

6. The monitoring and information acquisition system for distributed photovoltaic power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed photovoltaic data acquisition and monitoring unit also includes a second RS485 communication module and a low-voltage intelligent switch in the grid-connected box. The MCU controller is connected to the low-voltage intelligent switch in the grid-connected box through the second RS485 communication module.

7. The monitoring and information acquisition system for distributed photovoltaic power generation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The distributed photovoltaic data acquisition and monitoring unit also includes a remote signaling information acquisition unit and a remote control interface. The MCU controller is provided with two first I / O interfaces. The MCU controller is connected to the remote signaling information acquisition unit and the remote control interface through the two first I / O interfaces respectively. The remote signaling information acquisition unit and the remote control interface are both connected to the low-voltage intelligent switch of the grid-connected box.

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