Rectifying tower reflux ratio control device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical separation, in particular to a rectifying tower reflux ratio control device which comprises a rectifying tower, a condensing system, a reboiling system, a vacuum system and a reflux ratio control system. The device has the effect of automatically controlling the reflux ratio.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of chemical separation, and in particular to a distillation column reflux ratio control device. Background Technology

[0002] Distillation columns are commonly used separation equipment in chemical production, and their working principle is based on the difference in boiling points of different substances. In the distillation process, the reflux ratio is a key parameter that directly affects the efficiency and effectiveness of distillation. Currently, the reflux ratio of distillation columns is usually determined based on experience or periodic manual adjustment of valves or pumps. However, this method is slow to respond, cumbersome to operate, and difficult to achieve precise control, especially when conducting experiments or when production conditions change frequently. It cannot adjust the reflux ratio in real time according to changes in the distillation process, leading to poor distillation results and potentially affecting product quality and yield. Utility Model Content

[0003] To achieve automatic control of the reflux ratio, this application provides a distillation column reflux ratio control device.

[0004] The distillation column reflux ratio control device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A distillation column reflux ratio control device includes a distillation column, a gas phase outlet at the top of the distillation column, a liquid phase outlet at the bottom of the distillation column, a first reflux port near the top of the distillation column sidewall, a second reflux port near the bottom of the distillation column sidewall, a feed inlet near the center of the distillation column sidewall, a feed pipe at the feed inlet, a feed valve on the feed pipe, a product pipe connected to the liquid phase outlet, a product valve on the product pipe, and a multi-layer tray structure inside the distillation column; and a condensation system for collecting the vaporized product at the top of the distillation column and cooling the collected vaporized product. The mixture is condensed into a liquid phase, and a portion of the liquid phase is returned to the distillation column via the first reflux port. The remaining liquid phase is collected as the top product. Multiple reboiling systems are used to collect the liquid at the bottom of the distillation column, heat the collected liquid to boiling, and return the high-temperature liquid to the distillation column via the second reflux port. A vacuum system is connected to the gas phase outlet to provide a vacuum to the distillation column. A reflux ratio control system is signal-connected to the condensation system to control the ratio of the liquid phase flow rate of the reflux liquid returned to the distillation column by the condensation system to the liquid phase flow rate collected as the top product.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the feedstock is heated at the bottom of the distillation column through a reboiling system. After being heated at the bottom of the distillation column, it vaporizes and rises, and is condensed by a condensation system. Part of the condensed liquid phase is collected, and part is returned to the top of the distillation column. The rising vaporized product continuously forms a full gas-liquid exchange with the returned liquid product, resulting in a higher concentration, lower temperature, and lower pressure of low-boiling-point products at the top of the column, while the concentration, temperature, and pressure of high-boiling-point products are higher, higher, and higher as the column approaches the bottom, thus achieving distillation separation.

[0007] Optionally, the condensation system includes a condenser and a condensation circulation pump. The condenser has a condensation inlet, a condensation outlet, a cooling medium inlet, and a cooling medium outlet. The condensation inlet of the condenser is connected to the gas phase outlet through a gas phase circulation outlet pipe. The condensation outlet of the condenser is connected to the first reflux port through a first circulation return pipe. The condensation circulation pump is located at the first circulation return pipe. A top product pipe is located downstream of the condensation circulation pump. The top product pipe is connected to the first circulation return pipe through a diverter three-way valve.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, effective condensation of the vaporized product at the top of the distillation column is achieved, with part of it returned to the distillation column and the remainder collected as product. The ratio of the reflux liquid flow rate L returning to the column from the top to the product flow rate D is the reflux ratio R = L / D. Graphical calculations of binary distillation show that increasing the reflux ratio reduces the number of theoretical plates required for separation, thus reducing the number of trays in the column. However, increasing the reflux ratio also reduces the yield. Therefore, the reflux ratio needs to be adjusted according to the material characteristics and process conditions. This adjustment can be achieved by controlling a three-way valve.

[0009] Optionally, the reflux ratio control system includes a control device, a product flow sensor is provided at the product pipe at the top of the tower, a reflux flow sensor is provided at the first circulating reflux pipe, and the reflux flow sensor is located downstream of the diverting three-way valve. The product flow sensor, the reflux flow sensor, and the diverting three-way valve are all signal connected to the control device.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the flow rates of the top product and reflux liquid can be monitored in real time, providing data support for the automatic adjustment of the reflux ratio, thereby improving distillation efficiency and product purity.

[0011] Optionally, a high-level liquid level sensor, a medium-level liquid level sensor, and a low-level liquid level sensor are provided on the side wall of the distillation column. The high-level liquid level sensor, the medium-level liquid level sensor, the low-level liquid level sensor, the raw material valve, and the bottom product valve are all signal connected to the control device.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to effectively monitor and automatically control the liquid level in the column bottom, prevent the liquid level from being too high or too low, and ensure the stable operation of the distillation process.

[0013] Optionally, the reboiling system includes a reboiler and a reboiling circulation pump. The reboiler has a reboiling inlet, a reboiling outlet, a heat exchange medium inlet, and a heat exchange medium outlet. The reboiling inlet of the reboiler is connected to the liquid phase outlet through a liquid phase circulation outlet pipe, and the reboiling outlet of the reboiler is connected to the second reflux port through a second circulation reflux pipe. The reboiling circulation pump is located at the liquid phase circulation outlet pipe.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the liquid at the bottom of the distillation column is effectively heated and circulated, and the heated liquid evaporates to produce steam.

[0015] Optionally, a gas phase temperature sensor is provided at the top of the distillation column, and a liquid phase temperature sensor is provided at the bottom of the distillation column. The gas phase temperature sensor, the liquid phase temperature sensor, and the reboiler circulation pump are all signal connected to the control device.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the increase in reflux ratio means an increase in reflux flow rate and a decrease in product output. In order to achieve phase balance between the gas and liquid phases, the amount of steam generated in the reboiler must be increased accordingly. While changing the reflux ratio, the control device can monitor the temperature distribution in the distillation column in real time through gas phase temperature sensors and liquid phase temperature sensors, thereby determining the amount of steam generated by the reboiler system and making real-time adjustments.

[0017] Optionally, a pressure sensor is provided at the top of the distillation column, and the pressure sensor is signal-connected to the control device.

[0018] By employing the above technical solution, the pressure sensor can detect the pressure at the top of the distillation column. The pressure is used to determine the theoretical temperature at which saturated vapor and saturated liquid are formed, and then, combined with the actual temperature, the relative volatility of the feed liquid is derived. The minimum reflux ratio depends not only on the separation requirements but also on the relative volatility of the feed liquid, its composition, and the thermal state of the feed. Since the thermal state of the feed is controllable and the composition is known, the minimum reflux ratio can be calculated using the Underwood equation based on the relative volatility of the feed liquid. This allows for reflux ratios to be brought closer to the minimum reflux ratio, thereby increasing output.

[0019] Optionally, the vacuum system includes a vacuum pump, a vacuum control valve, and an exhaust gas treatment device. A vacuum generating tube is provided at the gas phase outlet. The vacuum pump, the vacuum control valve, and the exhaust gas treatment device are sequentially arranged in the vacuum generating tube. The vacuum pump and the vacuum control valve are signal connected to the control device.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the vacuum system can provide a vacuum state to the distillation column through a vacuum pump, thereby reducing the difficulty of separating the two components and improving the separation efficiency.

[0021] Optionally, the tray structure includes a tray and an overflow weir. The overflow weir divides the tray into an exchange zone and a downcomer zone. The exchange zone has multiple riser pipes on the side near the overflow weir. The top edge of each riser pipe is wavy. A bubble cap is fitted onto the top of each riser pipe. The sidewall of the bubble cap has multiple serrations. The height of the top of the bubble cap is less than the height of the overflow weir. The downcomer zone has multiple downcomer pipes on the side away from the overflow weir.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solutions, the gas-liquid exchange efficiency and separation effect can be improved, the contact time between the gas phase and the liquid phase can be increased, and the actual contact time can be made as close as possible to the theoretical contact time that is sufficient for the two phases to reach phase equilibrium. This makes the distillation process more efficient and stable, and improves the performance of the distillation column and the purity of the product.

[0023] Optionally, multiple tray structures are equidistantly arranged in the vertical direction within the distillation column, with adjacent tray structures arranged opposite each other.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solutions, we can ensure the uniform distribution and full contact of the gas and liquid phases on the tray, reduce backmixing, and improve mass transfer efficiency and separation effect.

[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. This application adopts a reflux ratio control system, which can realize automatic control of the reflux ratio, thereby adapting to different process conditions and material characteristics, improving output and reducing energy consumption;

[0027] 2. The unique tray structure of this application enables the actual contact time between the gas and liquid phases to be as close as possible to the theoretical contact time sufficient for the two phases to reach phase equilibrium, making the distillation process more efficient and stable, and improving the performance of the distillation column and the purity of the product. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distillation column reflux ratio control device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tray structure provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Distillation column; 101-Vacuum phase outlet; 102-First reflux port; 103-Raw material inlet; 104-Second reflux port; 105-Liquid phase outlet; 2-Raw material pipe; 201-Raw material valve; 3-Bottom product pipe; 301-Bottom product valve; 4-Condenser; 5-Vacuum phase circulation outlet pipe; 6-First circulation reflux pipe; 601-Condensation circulation pump; 602-Top product pipe; 603-Diverter three-way valve; 7-Reboiler; 8-Liquid phase circulation outlet pipe; 801-Reboiler circulation pump; 9-Second circulation reflux pipe; 10-Vacuum generating tube; 1001-Vacuum pump; 1002-Vacuum control valve; 1003-Tail gas treatment device; 11-Product flow sensor; 12-Reflux flow sensor; 13-High level sensor; 14-Medium level sensor; 15-Low level sensor; 16-Gas phase temperature sensor; 17-Liquid phase temperature sensor; 18-Pressure sensor; 19-Training tray structure; 1901-Training tray; 1902-Overflow weir; 1903-Rise pipe; 1904-Bubble cap; 1905-Gap; 1906-Downcomer. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-2 This application will be described in further detail.

[0032] This application discloses a distillation column reflux ratio control device.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the distillation column reflux ratio control device includes distillation column 1, condensation system, reboiling system, vacuum system and reflux ratio control system.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, specifically, the distillation column 1 has a gas phase outlet 101 at the top for discharging vaporized material. A liquid phase outlet 105 is located at the bottom, connected to a bottom product pipe 3. A bottom product valve 301 is installed on the bottom product pipe 3 to discharge liquid as the bottom product. A first reflux port 102 is located near the top of the side wall to receive liquid returned from the condensation system; a second reflux port 104 is located near the bottom of the side wall to receive liquid returned from the reboiling system. A raw material inlet 103 is also located near the center of the side wall, connected to a raw material pipe 2. A raw material valve 201 is installed on the raw material pipe 2 for adding the raw material to be separated.

[0035] like Figure 2As shown, the distillation column 1 has several tray structures 19 inside. These tray structures 19 are equidistantly arranged vertically within the distillation column 1, with adjacent tray structures 19 facing each other. That is, the orientation of one tray structure 19 differs from the orientation of the next tray structure 19 by 180° around the central axis of the distillation column 1. Each tray structure 19 includes a tray 1901 and an overflow weir 1902. The overflow weir 1902 divides the tray 1901 into an exchange zone and a downcomer zone. Multiple riser pipes 1903 are located on the side of the exchange zone closest to the overflow weir 1902. The top edge of each riser pipe 1903 is wavy, and a bubble cap 1904 is fitted onto the top of each riser pipe 1903. The sidewall of the bubble cap 1904 has multiple serrations 1905, and the height of the top of the bubble cap 1904 is less than the height of the overflow weir 1902. Multiple downcomers 1906 are located on the side of the downcomer zone away from the overflow weir 1902. This tray structure can improve gas-liquid exchange efficiency and separation effect, increase the contact time between the gas and liquid phases, and make the actual contact time as close as possible to the theoretical contact time that is sufficient for the two phases to reach phase equilibrium. This makes the distillation process more efficient and stable, and ensures uniform distribution and full contact of the gas and liquid phases on the tray, reduces backmixing, improves mass transfer efficiency and separation effect, and enhances the performance and product purity of distillation column 1.

[0036] The condensation system collects the vapors at the top of distillation column 1 and condenses them into a liquid phase via condenser 4. The condensed liquid phase is returned to the first reflux port 102 of distillation column 1 via the first reflux pipe 6, while the remaining portion is collected as the top product. A condensation circulation pump 601 is located at the first reflux pipe 6 to provide circulation power.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, specifically, the condensation system includes a condenser 4 and a condensation circulation pump 601. The condenser 4 has a condensation inlet, a condensation outlet, a cooling medium inlet, and a cooling medium outlet. The condensation inlet of the condenser 4 is connected to the gas phase outlet 101 through a gas phase circulation outlet pipe 5. The condensation outlet of the condenser 4 is connected to the first reflux port 102 through a first circulation reflux pipe 6. The condensation circulation pump 601 is located at the first circulation reflux pipe 6. Downstream of the condensation circulation pump 601 is a top product pipe 602, which is connected to the first circulation reflux pipe 6 through a three-way valve 603. The reflux ratio R = L / D is the ratio of the reflux liquid flow rate L returning from the top of the distillation column 1 to the top product flow rate D. Calculations using the graphical method for binary distillation show that increasing the reflux ratio reduces the number of theoretical plates required for separation, i.e., reduces the number of tray structures 19 in the column, thereby reducing the overall length of the distillation column 1 and reducing energy consumption. However, increasing the reflux ratio will also reduce the output. Therefore, the reflux ratio needs to be adjusted according to the material characteristics and process conditions. The reflux ratio can be adjusted by controlling the flow divider three-way valve 603.

[0038] The reboiling system collects the liquid at the bottom of distillation column 1 and heats it to boiling point via reboiler 7. The high-temperature liquid at boiling point is then returned to the second reflux port 104 of distillation column 1 through the second circulation reflux pipe 9, with part of the liquid phase returning to the bottom of distillation column 1 and part evaporating into vapor phase rising along distillation column 1. The reboiling circulation pump 801 is located at the liquid phase circulation outlet pipe 8 to provide power for the circulation of the liquid.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, specifically, the reboiling system includes a reboiler 7 and a reboiling circulation pump 801. The reboiler 7 has a reboiling inlet, a reboiling outlet, a heat exchange medium inlet, and a heat exchange medium outlet. The reboiling inlet of the reboiler 7 is connected to the liquid phase outlet 105 through a liquid phase circulation outlet pipe 8, and the reboiling outlet of the reboiler 7 is connected to the second reflux port 104 through a second circulation reflux pipe 9. The reboiling circulation pump 801 is located at the liquid phase circulation outlet pipe 8. An increase in the reflux ratio means an increase in the reflux flow rate and a decrease in the product output. In order to achieve phase equilibrium between the gas and liquid phases, the amount of steam generated in the reboiler must be increased accordingly. To increase the amount of steam generated in the reboiler, in this embodiment, there are two reboiling systems.

[0040] The vacuum system is used to provide different vacuum levels to distillation column 1. For example... Figure 1 As shown, specifically, the vacuum system includes a vacuum pump 1001, a vacuum control valve 1002, and a tail gas treatment device 1003. A vacuum generating tube 10 is provided at the gas phase outlet 101, and the vacuum pump 1001, vacuum control valve 1002, and tail gas treatment device 1003 are sequentially arranged in the vacuum generating tube 10.

[0041] To achieve automated control, the vacuum pump 1001 stage switching device of distillation column 1 also includes a reflux ratio control system.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the reflux ratio control system includes a control device. A product flow sensor 11 is installed at the top product pipe 602, and a reflux flow sensor 12 is installed at the first circulating reflux pipe 6. The reflux flow sensor 12 is located downstream of the diverter three-way valve 603. The product flow sensor 11, the reflux flow sensor 12, and the diverter three-way valve 603 are all connected to the control device for signal transmission. The diverter three-way valve 603 can be an electromagnetic diverter three-way valve 603 or a pneumatic diverter three-way valve 603. The product flow sensor 11 and the reflux flow sensor 12 can monitor the flow rates of the top product and the reflux liquid in real time, thereby determining the reflux ratio based on the real-time flow rate and providing data support for the automatic adjustment of the reflux ratio.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, a high-level liquid level sensor 13, a medium-level liquid level sensor 14, and a low-level liquid level sensor 15 are installed on the side wall of distillation column 1. These sensors, along with the bottom product valve 301, are all connected to the control device. Increasing the reflux ratio reduces the theoretical contact time at tray 19 required for the two phases to reach phase equilibrium, thus making the actual contact time closer to the theoretical contact time, thereby increasing the concentration of the top and bottom products. However, increasing the reflux ratio requires a corresponding increase in the amount of vapor generated in the reboiler, necessitating the maintenance of sufficient feedstock at the reboiler. During distillation, the liquid phase at the reboiler continuously decreases, while the concentration of the high-boiling-point product continuously increases. The simultaneous operation of high-level sensor 13, medium-level sensor 14, and low-level sensor 15 allows for the determination of the liquid level within the distillation column 1. By transmitting the detection signals to the control device, effective monitoring of the liquid level within the distillation column 1 is achieved. When the liquid level drops below the medium-level sensor 14, the reboiler product valve 301 is opened, discharging the high-concentration, high-boiling-point product from the reboiler. When the liquid level drops below the low-level sensor, the feed valve 201 is opened to supply feedstock to the distillation column 1 until the liquid level rises back to the high-level sensor 13, thus achieving automatic control. This prevents excessively high or low liquid levels, ensuring stable operation of the distillation process.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, a vapor phase temperature sensor 16 is installed at the top of distillation column 1, and a liquid phase temperature sensor 17 is installed at the bottom of distillation column 1. The vapor phase temperature sensor 16, the liquid phase temperature sensor 17, and the reboiler circulation pump 801 are all connected to the control device. An increase in the reflux ratio means an increase in the reflux flow rate and a decrease in the product output. To achieve phase equilibrium between the vapor and liquid phases, the amount of vapor generated in the reboiler must increase accordingly. While changing the reflux ratio, the control device can monitor the temperature distribution within distillation column 1 in real time through the vapor phase temperature sensor 16 and the liquid phase temperature sensor 17, thereby determining the amount of vapor generated by the reboiler system and making real-time adjustments.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, a pressure sensor 18 is installed at the top of distillation column 1, and the pressure sensor 18 is connected to the control device. The pressure sensor 18 can detect the pressure at the top of distillation column 1, determine the theoretical temperature at which saturated vapor and saturated liquid are formed based on the pressure, and then combine this with the actual temperature to obtain the relative volatility of the feed liquid. The minimum reflux ratio depends not only on the separation requirements, but also on the relative volatility of the feed liquid, the composition of the feed liquid, and the thermal state of the feed. The thermal state of the feed is controllable, the composition of the feed liquid is known, and the minimum reflux ratio can be calculated using the Underwood equation by obtaining the relative volatility of the feed liquid, thereby bringing the reflux ratio closer to the minimum reflux ratio to increase output.

[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A distillation column reflux ratio control device, characterized in that, include: A distillation column (1) is provided with a gas phase outlet (101) at the top and a liquid phase outlet (105) at the bottom. A first reflux port (102) is provided on the side wall of the distillation column (1) near the top and a second reflux port (104) is provided on the side wall of the distillation column (1) near the bottom. A raw material inlet (103) is provided on the side wall of the distillation column (1) near the center. A raw material pipe (2) is provided at the raw material inlet (103). A raw material valve (201) is provided on the raw material pipe (2). A bottom product pipe (3) is connected to the liquid phase outlet (105). A bottom product valve (301) is provided on the bottom product pipe (3). The distillation column (1) is provided with several layers of tray structure (19). The condensation system is used to collect the vapors at the top of the distillation column (1), condense the collected vapors into liquid phase, send part of the liquid phase back to the distillation column (1) via the first reflux port (102), and collect the remaining liquid phase as the top product of the column. Multiple reboiling systems are used to collect liquid at the bottom of the distillation column (1), heat the collected liquid to boiling, and send the high-temperature liquid back to the distillation column (1) via the second reflux port (104); A vacuum system connected to the gas phase outlet (101) is used to provide a vacuum level to the distillation column (1); A reflux ratio control system is connected to the condensation system and is used to control the ratio of the liquid flow rate of the reflux liquid sent back to the distillation column (1) by the condensation system to the liquid flow rate collected as the top product of the column.

2. The distillation column reflux ratio control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensation system includes a condenser (4) and a condensation circulation pump (601). The condenser (4) has a condensation inlet, a condensation outlet, a cooling medium inlet, and a cooling medium outlet. The condensation inlet of the condenser (4) is connected to the gas phase outlet (101) through a gas phase circulation outlet pipe (5). The condensation outlet of the condenser (4) is connected to the first reflux port (102) through a first circulation return pipe (6). The condensation circulation pump (601) is located at the first circulation return pipe (6). Downstream of the condensation circulation pump (601) is a tower top product pipe (602). The tower top product pipe (602) is connected to the first circulation return pipe (6) through a diversion three-way valve (603).

3. The distillation column reflux ratio control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reflux ratio control system includes a control device. A product flow sensor (11) is provided at the top product pipe (602) of the tower, and a reflux flow sensor (12) is provided at the first circulating reflux pipe (6). The reflux flow sensor (12) is located downstream of the diversion three-way valve (603). The product flow sensor (11), the reflux flow sensor (12), and the diversion three-way valve (603) are all signal connected to the control device.

4. The distillation column reflux ratio control device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distillation column (1) is equipped with a high-level liquid level sensor (13), a medium-level liquid level sensor (14), and a low-level liquid level sensor (15) on its side wall. The high-level liquid level sensor (13), the medium-level liquid level sensor (14), the low-level liquid level sensor (15), the raw material valve (201), and the bottom product valve (301) are all connected to the control device.

5. The distillation column reflux ratio control device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reboiling system includes a reboiler (7) and a reboiling circulation pump (801). The reboiler (7) has a reboiling inlet, a reboiling outlet, a heat exchange medium inlet, and a heat exchange medium outlet. The reboiling inlet of the reboiler (7) is connected to the liquid phase outlet (105) through a liquid phase circulation outlet pipe (8). The reboiling outlet of the reboiler (7) is connected to the second reflux port (104) through a second circulation reflux pipe (9). The reboiling circulation pump (801) is located at the liquid phase circulation outlet pipe (8).

6. The distillation column reflux ratio control device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distillation column (1) is equipped with a gas phase temperature sensor (16) at the top and a liquid phase temperature sensor (17) at the bottom. The gas phase temperature sensor (16), the liquid phase temperature sensor (17) and the reboiler circulation pump (801) are all connected to the control device.

7. The distillation column reflux ratio control device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The distillation column (1) is equipped with a pressure sensor (18) at the top, and the pressure sensor (18) is connected to the control device.

8. The distillation column reflux ratio control device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vacuum system includes a vacuum pump (1001), a vacuum control valve (1002), and a tail gas treatment device (1003). A vacuum generating tube (10) is provided at the gas phase outlet (101). The vacuum pump (1001), the vacuum control valve (1002), and the tail gas treatment device (1003) are sequentially arranged in the vacuum generating tube (10). The vacuum pump (1001) and the vacuum control valve (1002) are signal connected to the control device.

9. The distillation column reflux ratio control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tray structure (19) includes a tray (1901) and an overflow weir (1902). The overflow weir (1902) divides the tray (1901) into an exchange zone and a downcomer zone. The exchange zone is provided with multiple riser pipes (1903) on the side near the overflow weir (1902). The periphery of the top edge of the riser pipe (1903) is wavy. A bubble cap (1904) is fitted on the top of the riser pipe (1903). The side wall of the bubble cap (1904) is provided with multiple toothed slots (1905). The height of the top of the bubble cap (1904) is less than the height of the overflow weir (1902). The downcomer zone is provided with multiple downcomer pipes (1906) on the side away from the overflow weir (1902).

10. The distillation column reflux ratio control device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Multiple tray structures (19) are equidistantly arranged in the vertical direction within the distillation column (1), and two adjacent tray structures (19) are arranged opposite each other.

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