Transmission device and tractor

Abstract

The utility model provides a transmission device and a tractor. Comprising an engine, a gearbox, a first transmission shaft, a first clutch, a first PTO output shaft, a front bracket, a second transmission shaft, a second PTO output shaft and a second clutch, the first transmission shaft is connected with the rear end of the engine and extends to the rear end of the gearbox, and the first clutch is arranged between a power output end and the first transmission shaft; the first PTO output shaft is arranged at the rear end of the gearbox and is in transmission connection with the first transmission shaft, the second transmission shaft is connected with the front end of the engine and extends to the front end of the front bracket, the second PTO output shaft is arranged at the front end of the front bracket and is in transmission connection with the second transmission shaft, and the second clutch is arranged between the second transmission shaft and the second PTO output shaft. By arranging the PTO output devices on the front side and the rear side of the tractor, work of various different matched machines and tools is achieved, meanwhile, the PTO output functions of the front end and the rear end can be achieved, and multiple purposes of one machine are achieved according to the power requirements of various operation machines and tools.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to agricultural equipment technical field especially a transmission device and tractor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional tractor is generally rear PTO output device, and few tractors have front PTO output device, which not only influences the utilization of tractor, but also influences the use and development of mower, snow blower and other supporting tools. The traditional rear PTO output device generally takes power from the gearbox side, and the power is transmitted to the front PTO output device through the transmission shaft. The overall transmission route is complex, and the rear PTO output device cannot be used simultaneously. Moreover, the traditional front PTO output device generally adopts electromagnetic clutch, and the power transmission efficiency is low and the durability is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a transmission device and tractor to overcome the defects in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model aims at providing a transmission device and tractor.

[0004] According to one aspect of the utility model, a transmission device for tractor is provided, with the forward direction of the tractor as the front, comprising: an engine, the engine comprising a crankshaft, a power output end arranged at one end of the crankshaft, and a torsional damper arranged at the other end of the crankshaft; a gearbox arranged at the rear side of the engine; a first transmission shaft connected with the power output end and extending to the rear end of the gearbox; a first clutch arranged between the power output end and the first transmission shaft to connect or disconnect power transmission; a first PTO output shaft arranged at the rear end of the gearbox and in transmission connection with the first transmission shaft; a front bracket arranged at the front side of the engine; a second transmission shaft connected with the torsional damper and extending to the front end of the front bracket; a second PTO output shaft arranged at the front end of the front bracket and in transmission connection with the second transmission shaft; and a second clutch arranged between the second transmission shaft and the second PTO output shaft to connect or disconnect power transmission.

[0005] Preferably, a first transmission mechanism is arranged in the gearbox, and the first transmission shaft and the first PTO output shaft are arranged in parallel and connected through the first transmission mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the first transmission mechanism comprises a first gear and a second gear arranged on the first transmission shaft, a third gear and a fourth gear arranged on the first PTO output shaft, and a meshing sleeve arranged between the third gear and the fourth gear and on the first PTO output shaft, the first gear and the third gear are always in engagement, and the second gear and the fourth gear are always in engagement; when the meshing sleeve is connected to the third gear, the first transmission shaft outputs a rotational speed to the first PTO output shaft at a transmission ratio between the first gear and the third gear; when the meshing sleeve is connected to the fourth gear, the first transmission shaft outputs a rotational speed to the first PTO output shaft at a transmission ratio between the second gear and the fourth gear.

[0007] Preferably, the first transmission mechanism further comprises a mechanical control device, and the meshing sleeve is controlled to work with the first clutch to realize power output and rotational speed control of the first PTO output shaft by the mechanical control device.

[0008] Preferably, the front bracket is provided with a box at the front end, and a second transmission mechanism is arranged in the box, and the second transmission shaft is connected to the second PTO output shaft through the second transmission mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the second transmission mechanism comprises a power input shaft connected to the second transmission shaft, a fifth gear arranged on the power input shaft, and a sixth gear sleeved on the second PTO output shaft, the fifth gear and the sixth gear are always in engagement, and the second clutch is arranged between the sixth gear and the second PTO output shaft.

[0010] When the second clutch is combined with the sixth gear, the second transmission shaft outputs a rotational speed to the second PTO output shaft at a transmission ratio between the fifth gear and the sixth gear.

[0011] Preferably, the second transmission mechanism further comprises a hydraulic control system, and the second clutch is controlled to work to realize power output of the second PTO output shaft by the hydraulic control system.

[0012] Preferably, the hydraulic control system comprises a plunger pump arranged in the box and having an oil suction port at the bottom of the box, an eccentric cam arranged on the second clutch and synchronously rotating with the sixth gear and driving the plunger pump to work, and a hydraulic oil channel arranged in the box and used for connecting the plunger pump and the second clutch.

[0013] Preferably, the hydraulic control system further comprises an accumulator arranged at the bottom of the box, and the accumulator is arranged in parallel with the plunger pump; a horizontal partition plate is sleeved on the plunger pump.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the transmission device and the tractor have the following beneficial effects: the utility model discloses a plurality of different matching machine tools are realized by the PTO output device arranged on the front and rear sides of the tractor, and the PTO output function of the front and rear ends can also be realized, so that the power requirement of various operation machine tools is met, and one machine is used for multiple purposes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The utility model will be further explained in detail in connection with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0016] Figure 1 It is the structural diagram of tractor in the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is the transmission route drawing of tractor in the utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 It is the structural diagram of rear PTO output device in the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is the structural diagram of front PTO output device and second transmission shaft in the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 It is the structural diagram of front PTO output device in the utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 It is the front view of front PTO output device in the utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 It is the cross section schematic view of front PTO output device in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 8 It is the local enlarged view of second clutch (i.e. Figure 7 A area) in the utility model.

[0024] EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0025] 1, engine; 11, crankshaft; 12, power output end; 13, torsional damper; 14, first clutch;

[0026] 2, gearbox; 21, shaft;

[0027] 3, rear PTO output device; 31, first transmission shaft; 32, first transmission mechanism; 321, first gear; 322, second gear; 323, third gear; 324, fourth gear; 325, meshing sleeve; 33, first PTO output shaft;

[0028] 4, front bracket; 41, second transmission shaft;

[0029] 5, front PTO output device; 51, box body; 511, base; 512, second oil passage; 513, heat dissipation rib plate; 514, reinforcing rib plate; 52, input shaft; 53, second transmission mechanism; 531, fifth gear; 532, sixth gear; 54, second PTO output shaft; 541, first oil passage; 55, second clutch; 551, friction plate; 552, pressing plate; 5531, mounting portion; 5532, piston portion; 5532a, inner ring of piston portion; 5532b, middle portion of piston portion; 5532c, outer ring of piston portion; 5533, hydraulic cavity; 554, first elastic portion; 555, braking portion; 556, second elastic portion; 557, driving hub; 558, driven hub; 56, hydraulic control system; 561, eccentric cam; 562, plunger pump; 563, accumulator; 564, on-off valve; 565, filter element; 57, partition plate; 58, shroud. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only represent some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0031] In order to make the drawing simple, only the parts related to the present application are shown in each drawing, which does not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to make the drawing simple and easy to understand, in some drawings, only one of the components with the same structure or function is shown, or only one of them is marked. In this paper, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one".

[0032] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the specification and claims of the present application means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes these combinations.

[0033] In this paper, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, specific implementation manners of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative labor, and other embodiments can also be obtained.

[0036] Referring to Figures 1 to 8 The embodiment discloses a tractor transmission device, with the forward direction of the tractor as front, the transmission device comprising an engine 1, a gearbox 2, a rear PTO output device 3, a front bracket 4 and a front PTO output device 5.

[0037] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The engine 1 is located at the middle position of the entire tractor, and the engine 1 comprises a crankshaft 11, a power output end 12 arranged at one end of the crankshaft 11, and a torsional damper 13 arranged at the other end of the crankshaft 11. The power output end 12 serves as the main power output end, and the power output end 12 realizes the driving of the entire vehicle through the speed change of the gearbox 2, and the torsional damper 13 is used to reduce or weaken the torsional vibration generated during the operation of the engine 1. In addition, a belt pulley is arranged on the torsional damper 13, and the belt pulley is used to drive the operation of the accessories such as the cooling fan.

[0038] The gearbox 2 is arranged at the rear side of the engine 1 and is connected to the engine 1 through a main clutch, so as to transmit power to the rear axle and the front axle of the tractor. The gearbox 2 comprises a main speed change device and an auxiliary speed change device, and can realize multiple gears. A transfer case is arranged on the gearbox 2, and the power is transmitted to the front axle through the transfer case. It should be noted that the shaft 21 of the gearbox 2 is a hollow shaft, and the speed change function of the gearbox 2 is realized through the shaft 21.

[0039] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The first transmission shaft 31 is connected to the power output end 12, and a secondary clutch (i.e. a first clutch 14) is arranged between the power output end 12 and the first transmission shaft 31. The power connection or disconnection of the power transmission between the power output end 12 and the first transmission shaft 31 is realized through the first clutch 14.

[0040] The rear PTO output device 3 is arranged at the rear end of the gearbox 2. For those skilled in the art, the rear PTO output device 3 can be integrated in the box body 51 of the gearbox 2, or can be arranged independently of the gearbox 2. Therefore, the rear end of the gearbox 2 can be understood as the rear end portion in the box body 51 of the gearbox 2, or can be the rear end arranged outside the box body 51 of the gearbox 2.

[0041] In the embodiment, the rear PTO output device 3 is integrated in the gearbox 2, and the rear PTO output device 3 comprises a first transmission mechanism 32, and the first transmission shaft 31 is arranged in parallel with the first PTO output shaft 33 and is connected through the first transmission mechanism 32.

[0042] Referring to FIG. 1, Figure 3 The first transmission mechanism 32 comprises a first gear 321 and a second gear 322 arranged on the first transmission shaft 31, a third gear 323 and a fourth gear 324 arranged on the first PTO output shaft 33, and a meshing sleeve 325 arranged between the third gear 323 and the fourth gear 324 and on the first PTO output shaft 33. The first gear 321 and the third gear 323 are always engaged, and the second gear 322 and the fourth gear 324 are always engaged. When the meshing sleeve 325 is shifted to be connected with the third gear 323, the first transmission shaft 31 outputs the rotation speed to the first PTO output shaft 33 at the transmission ratio between the first gear 321 and the third gear 323. When the meshing sleeve 325 is shifted to be connected with the fourth gear 324, the first transmission shaft 31 outputs the rotation speed to the first PTO output shaft 33 at the transmission ratio between the second gear 322 and the fourth gear 324. That is, the rear PTO output device 3 has two different output gears.

[0043] The first transmission mechanism 32 further comprises a mechanical control device. The tractor controls the working of the meshing sleeve 325 and the first clutch 14 through the mechanical control device to realize the power output and rotation speed control of the first PTO output shaft 33. For those skilled in the art, the mechanical control device can be replaced by a hydraulic system under the control of a TCU to realize the same function. In addition, the mechanical control device, the meshing sleeve 325, and the first clutch 14 are devices known to those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be further described.

[0044] Referring to FIG. 1, Figure 1 The front bracket 4 is arranged at the front side of the engine 1, and the front bracket 4 is provided with a water tank, a power supply, an air filter, and other accessories to provide conditions for the normal working of the engine 1. It is worth noting that, in the embodiment, since the front PTO output device 5 needs to work with a machine tool, in order to ensure the stability of the entire tractor, a half-frame structure is arranged on both sides of the engine 1 to connect the front bracket 4, the engine 1, and the gearbox 2 together, thereby improving the structural strength of the entire tractor.

[0045] Referring to FIG. 1, Figure 1The front PTO output device 5 is arranged at the front end of the front bracket 4 and connected with the engine 1 through the second transmission shaft 41. The second transmission shaft 41 is a universal transmission shaft, and the second transmission shaft 41 is connected with the torsional damper 13 through a shaft coupling. A gap is arranged between the front bracket 4 and the water tank, and the second transmission shaft 41 passes through the gap and extends to the front end of the front bracket 4. The front PTO output device 5 comprises a box body 51, a second transmission mechanism 53 arranged in the box body 51, and a hydraulic control system 56 arranged in the box body 51.

[0046] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 6 In order to achieve heat dissipation of the hydraulic oil in the box body 51, heat dissipation ribs 513 and reinforcing ribs 514 are arranged on the side surface of the box body 51. The reinforcing ribs 514 are coplanar with the machined surface and higher than the heat dissipation ribs 513, thereby improving the machining efficiency.

[0047] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 7 The second transmission mechanism 53 comprises a power input shaft 52 connected with the second transmission shaft 41, a fifth gear 531 arranged on the power input shaft 52, and a sixth gear 532 sleeved on a second PTO output shaft 54. The fifth gear 531 and the sixth gear 532 are always engaged, and a second clutch 55 is arranged between the sixth gear 532 and the second PTO output shaft 54. When the second clutch 55 is combined with the sixth gear 532, the second transmission shaft 41 outputs the rotational speed to the second PTO output shaft 54 through the transmission ratio between the fifth gear 531 and the sixth gear 532.

[0048] The second PTO output shaft 54 is arranged in the box body 51 in parallel with the input shaft 52, and part of the second PTO output shaft 54 penetrates to the outside of the box body 51. A shroud 58 is arranged on the output end of the second PTO output shaft 54 penetrating to the outside of the box body 51, and the shroud 58 is fixedly installed on the box body 51.

[0049] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 8 The second clutch 55 comprises a driving hub 557 arranged on one side of the sixth gear 532 and rotating synchronously with the sixth gear 532, a driven hub 558 arranged on the second PTO output shaft 54 and rotating synchronously with the second PTO output shaft 54, and a friction assembly arranged between the driving hub 557 and the driven hub 558. The friction assembly comprises a friction plate 551 / pressing plate 552 arranged on the driving hub 557 and a pressing plate 552 / friction plate 551 arranged on the driven hub 558.

[0050] A hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the side of the second clutch 55 away from the second gear 322, and the combination and disconnection of the second clutch 55 are realized through the hydraulic cylinder, so that the second transmission shaft 41 is selectively connected with the second PTO output shaft 54. Figure 4The hydraulic cylinder includes a mounting portion 5531 that is sealed on the second PTO output shaft 54 ​​and a piston portion 5532 that can drive the second clutch 55 to engage. The inner ring 5532a of the piston portion is fitted on the second PTO output shaft 54, and the outer ring 5532c of the piston portion is fitted on the mounting portion 5531, such that the mounting portion 5531, the middle portion 5532b of the piston portion, and the second PTO output shaft 54 ​​form a hydraulic chamber 5533.

[0051] A first elastic part 554 is provided between the piston part 5532 and the driven hub 558. A braking part 555 is provided on the side of the piston part 5532 away from the second clutch 55. The braking part 555 is connected to the housing 51 through a second elastic part 556. When the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder is removed, the second elastic part 556 is compressed under the action of the first elastic part 554, causing the piston part 5532 to abut against the braking part 555, preventing the second PTO output shaft 54 ​​from continuously rotating, and realizing the power interruption of the front-mounted PTO output device 5.

[0052] See appendix Figure 7 The hydraulic control system 56 is integrated into the front-mounted PTO output device 5. The hydraulic control system 56 includes: a piston pump 562, hydraulic oil passages, a switching valve 564, and a filter element 565. A base 511 is provided at the bottom of the housing 51. The piston pump 562 is located in the housing 51 and mounted on the base 511. An eccentric cam 561 is provided on the drive hub 531. The eccentric cam 561 can rotate as a unit with the driven hub 558. The drive shaft of the piston pump 562 is connected to the eccentric cam 561. Through the rotation of the eccentric cam 561, the piston pump 562 is reciprocated and driven.

[0053] The oil inlet of the plunger pump 562 is located at the bottom of the housing 51, and a horizontally arranged baffle 57 is fitted on the plunger pump 562. The baffle 57 is located above the oil inlet of the plunger pump 562 to prevent excessive sloshing of hydraulic oil in the front PTO output device 5, which could cause the plunger pump 562 to draw in air and affect its normal operation. A second oil passage 512 is provided in the base 511. The oil outlet of the plunger pump 562 is connected to the second oil passage 512, and the second oil passage 512 extends through the base 511 and the housing 51 to connect with the first oil passage 541. The first oil passage 541 is located in the second PTO output shaft 54 ​​and connects with the hydraulic chamber 5533.

[0054] See appendix Figure 5 , Figure 6The bottom of the box 51 is provided with an accumulator 563, the accumulator 563 is communicated with the second oil channel 512, and the accumulator 563 is arranged in parallel with the plunger pump 562. The accumulator 563 is internally provided with a spring, when the pressure output of the plunger pump 562 is too large, the accumulator 563 plays a role of pressure reduction and energy storage, when the pressure output of the plunger pump 562 is small, the plunger pump 562 releases pressure, and the pressure of the whole hydraulic oil circuit is stable.

[0055] Referring to the drawings Figure 7 The second oil channel 512 is further provided with a switch valve 564 and a filter element 565 in series, the switch valve 564 realizes on-off of the second oil channel 512, and the filter element 565 realizes filtration of the whole hydraulic oil circuit. In the embodiment, the switch valve 564 is controlled by an electromagnetic reversing valve located at the rear side of the tractor, by controlling the electromagnetic reversing valve, the control of the second clutch 55 and the front PTO output device 5 is realized. In other embodiments, the switch valve 564 can also adopt other control means, including but not limited to pull wire control, electromagnetic control.

[0056] It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the above exemplary embodiments of the utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, it is intended to cover modifications and variations of the utility model falling within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A power transmission device for a tractor, characterized by comprising: The tractor comprises: an engine, the engine comprising a crankshaft, a power output end arranged at one end of the crankshaft, and a torsional damper arranged at the other end of the crankshaft; a gearbox arranged at the rear side of the engine; a first transmission shaft connected to the power output end and extending to the rear end of the gearbox; a first clutch arranged between the power output end and the first transmission shaft to connect or disconnect power transmission; a first PTO output shaft arranged at the rear end of the gearbox and in transmission connection with the first transmission shaft; a front bracket arranged at the front side of the engine; a second transmission shaft connected to the torsional damper and extending to the front end of the front bracket; a second PTO output shaft arranged at the front end of the front bracket and in transmission connection with the second transmission shaft; a second clutch arranged between the second transmission shaft and the second PTO output shaft to connect or disconnect power transmission.

2. The tractor transmission of claim 1 wherein, The first transmission mechanism is arranged in the gearbox, the first transmission shaft and the first PTO output shaft are arranged in parallel and connected through the first transmission mechanism.

3. The tractor transmission of claim 2 wherein, The first transmission mechanism comprises a first gear and a second gear arranged on the first transmission shaft, a third gear and a fourth gear arranged on the first PTO output shaft, and a meshing sleeve arranged between the third gear and the fourth gear and on the first PTO output shaft, the first gear and the third gear are always in meshing, and the second gear and the fourth gear are always in meshing; when the meshing sleeve is shifted to connect with the third gear, the first transmission shaft outputs the rotational speed to the first PTO output shaft at the transmission ratio between the first gear and the third gear; when the meshing sleeve is shifted to connect with the fourth gear, the first transmission shaft outputs the rotational speed to the first PTO output shaft at the transmission ratio between the second gear and the fourth gear.

4. The tractor transmission of claim 3 wherein, The first transmission mechanism further comprises a mechanical control device, and the meshing sleeve and the first clutch are controlled to work through the mechanical control device to realize power output and rotational speed control of the first PTO output shaft.

5. The tractor transmission of claim 1 wherein, The front bracket is provided with a box body, the second transmission mechanism is arranged in the box body, and the second transmission shaft and the second PTO output shaft are connected through the second transmission mechanism.

6. The tractor transmission of claim 5 wherein, The second transmission mechanism comprises a power input shaft connected to the second transmission shaft, a fifth gear arranged on the power input shaft, and a sixth gear sleeved on the second PTO output shaft, the fifth gear and the sixth gear are always in meshing, and the second clutch is arranged between the sixth gear and the second PTO output shaft; when the second clutch is combined with the sixth gear, the second transmission shaft outputs the rotational speed to the second PTO output shaft at the transmission ratio between the fifth gear and the sixth gear.

7. The tractor transmission of claim 6 wherein, The second transmission mechanism further comprises a hydraulic control system, and the second clutch is controlled to work through the hydraulic control system to realize power output of the second PTO output shaft.

8. The tractor transmission of claim 7 wherein, The hydraulic control system comprises a plunger pump arranged in the box body and having an oil suction port at the bottom of the box body, an eccentric cam arranged on the second clutch and synchronously rotating with the sixth gear and driving the plunger pump to work, and a hydraulic oil channel arranged in the box body and used for connecting the plunger pump and the second clutch.

9. The tractor transmission of claim 8 wherein, The hydraulic control system further comprises an accumulator arranged at the bottom of the box body and arranged in parallel with the plunger pump; and a horizontal partition plate arranged on the plunger pump.

10. A tractor characterised in that, A transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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