Joint cutting cartridge bag for pre-splitting blasting of surface mine

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a joint cutting cartridge bag for pre-splitting blasting of a surface mine, relates to the technical field of blasting devices, and can effectively improve the reliability of blasting. The kerf cartridge bag comprises a tube body and a joint, the two ends of the pipe body are communicated, first connecting parts are arranged at the two ends of the pipe body respectively, a kerf with the preset length is formed in the pipe wall of the pipe body in the preset direction, and the kerf is communicated with an inner cavity of the pipe body. The two ends of the connector are communicated, and second connecting parts capable of being connected with the first connecting parts of the pipe body are arranged at the two ends of the connector correspondingly. The pipe body and the connector are made of steel. The method is suitable for the scene of pre-splitting blasting of the surface mine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of blasting device technology, specifically to a slit-cutting explosive charge for pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines. Background Technology

[0002] Slope stability in open-pit mines is one of the key factors in ensuring the safe and efficient operation of mines. In 2023, a slope collapse accident occurred in an open-pit mine in Inner Mongolia, resulting in serious casualties. This tragic event once again sounded the alarm for safety management in open-pit mines, emphasizing the urgent need to strengthen slope stability.

[0003] When explosives detonate inside a borehole, they generate a powerful shock wave and high-pressure gas, violently impacting the rock mass surrounding the borehole wall, causing it to fracture and crack. When excavating and blasting within a limited outline, such as in open-pit mines, building foundation pits, road cuts and trenches, and tunneling and underground structures, it is required that the blasting excavation boundary conform as closely as possible to the designed outline to avoid over-excavation and under-excavation; simultaneously, it is also required that the rock mass at the excavation boundary remain as intact and stable as possible. Pre-splitting (smooth) blasting is a blasting technique used to achieve these objectives.

[0004] Directional fracture blasting is a commonly used blasting technique, a type of pre-splitting blasting, used to blast within a confined space to achieve purposes such as engineering construction or mining. Directional blasting effectively controls the blasting range, reduces the impact on the surrounding environment, improves construction efficiency, and ensures construction safety. Successful application of directional blasting requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as the characteristics of the blasting target, the conditions of the blasting environment, and the rational design of blasting parameters to achieve the desired results.

[0005] Directional rock fracture blasting technology can be basically divided into the following three categories:

[0006] (1) Grooved holes are blasted to fracture the rock in a directional manner, and the initial directional cracks are formed by mechanical methods.

[0007] (2) Targeted rock fracture blasting with shaped charge uses the shaped charge jet destruction mechanism to form directional cracks around the blast hole.

[0008] (3) Directional fracture blasting of slit-cut explosive charge: the energy is guided by the slit tube to form directional cracks along the slit direction.

[0009] Slotted explosive charges are widely used in directional rock fracture blasting. The essence of slotted explosive charge blasting is to cut slits of different angles, shapes and numbers on the outer shell of explosives with a certain density and strength. By using the slits to control the distribution of the explosive stress field and the quasi-static and wedge effects of the explosive gas on the (hole wall) medium, the purpose of controlling the cracking direction of the blasted medium can be achieved.

[0010] Currently, PVC pipes are often used as auxiliary components for filling explosives in slit-cutting explosive charges to carry out pre-splitting blasting operations on open-pit mine slopes. However, PVC pipes with threaded connections often lack sufficient stability when subjected to blasting pressure, making them prone to loosening or even falling off inside the blast hole. They may also fail under the high temperature and pressure of explosives, thus affecting the blasting effect and safety. Furthermore, PVC pipes with heat-fusion connections are difficult to connect to on-site, making it difficult to guarantee the power supply required for heat-fusion operations, which affects the reliability and efficiency of heat-fusion operations. Utility Model Content

[0011] In view of this, this application provides a slit-cutting explosive charge for pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines, which can effectively improve the reliability of blasting.

[0012] An embodiment of this application provides a slit-cutting explosive charge for pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines, comprising: a tube body, the two ends of which are through-holes, and each end of the tube body is provided with a first connecting portion; the tube wall of the tube body is provided with a slit of a predetermined length along a predetermined direction, and the slit is connected to the inner cavity of the tube body; and a connector, the two ends of which are through-holes, and each end of the connector is provided with a second connecting portion that can be connected to the first connecting portion of the tube body.

[0013] In one specific implementation, the slit extends along the axial direction of the tube body.

[0014] In one specific implementation, the slit includes at least a first slit and a second slit, the first slit and the second slit extending along the axial direction of the tube body, and the first slit and the second slit being distributed around the circumference of the tube body at a preset angle.

[0015] In one specific implementation, the first slit and the second slit are symmetrically distributed along the circumference of the pipe body.

[0016] In one specific implementation, the first connecting part is provided with an internal thread, and the second connecting part is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread of the first connecting part; or, the first connecting part is provided with an external thread, and the second connecting part is provided with an internal thread that matches the external thread of the first connecting part.

[0017] In one specific implementation, the connector is provided with a snap-fit ​​portion, which has at least two symmetrically arranged surfaces.

[0018] The slit-cutting explosive charge for pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines provided in this application includes: a tube body and a connector; the tube body has two through-holes, and each end of the tube body is provided with a first connecting portion; the tube wall of the tube body has a slit of a predetermined length along a predetermined direction, and the slit communicates with the inner cavity of the tube body; the connector has two through-holes, and each end of the connector is provided with a second connecting portion that can connect with the first connecting portion of the tube body; the tube body and the connector are made of steel. This slit-cutting explosive charge can effectively improve the reliability of blasting. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the tube body of a slit-cutting explosive charge for pre-splitting blasting in an open-pit mine, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a joint for a slit-cutting explosive charge used in pre-splitting blasting in an open-pit mine, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the on-site installation of a slit-cutting explosive charge for pre-splitting blasting in an open-pit mine, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a blasting method for a slotted explosive charge used in pre-splitting blasting in an open-pit mine, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0025] 10-Slit-cutting explosive charge; 11-Tube body; 110-First connecting part; 111-Slit; 12-Joint; 120-Second connecting part; 121-Snap-fit ​​part; 20-Rock mass; 21-Blast hole; 30-Detonation wire. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments in this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] In directional rock fracture blasting technology, slotted explosive charges are widely used. Their core principle lies in the careful design and arrangement of various angles, shapes, and numbers of slots on an explosive casing with specific density and strength. These slots can subtly control the distribution of the explosive stress field and optimize the quasi-static and wedge effects of the explosive gases on the borehole wall medium. Through this refined control method, slotted explosive charge blasting technology can precisely guide and control the cracking direction of the explosive medium, thus achieving a high degree of customization of the blasting effect.

[0029] PVC pipes are often used as auxiliary components for loading explosives in slit-cutting explosive charges. However, a common problem in practice is that some of the PVC pipes used are of substandard quality and cannot effectively withstand the high-temperature and high-pressure environment generated during explosive detonation, which directly weakens the expected effect of directional fracture blasting. While using high-quality PVC pipes can significantly improve their ability to withstand explosive forces, it inevitably leads to a significant increase in the overall cost of blasting operations. Furthermore, in deep-hole blasting operations, PVC pipes suffer from insufficient reliability in multi-pipe connection methods. Specifically, there are two main types of PVC pipe connections: one is threaded connection; however, due to the special nature of the pipe material, this connection method often lacks sufficient stability under blasting pressure, and the PVC pipe is prone to loosening or even falling off inside the borehole, thus affecting the blasting effect and safety. The other is thermofusion connection; although it has higher connection strength, in the operating environment of open-pit mines, the limited on-site power supply makes it difficult to guarantee the power support required for thermofusion operations, making this method also face considerable challenges in actual operation and difficult to achieve efficient and reliable connections.

[0030] To solve the above problems, firstly, such as Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a cutting charge 10 for pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines. The cutting charge 10 includes a tube body 11 and a connector 12.

[0031] The two ends of the tube body 11 are connected, and the two ends of the tube body 11 are respectively provided with a first connecting part 110. The tube wall of the tube body 11 is provided with a slit 111 of a preset length along a preset direction, and the slit 111 is connected to the inner cavity of the tube body 11.

[0032] The cutting explosive charge 10 in this embodiment may include only one tube 11 or two or more tubes 11. The tube 11 has a through-hole structure so that after multiple tubes 11 are connected axially, explosives or other blasting substances can be placed into the cavity of each tube 11.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the tube body 11 has slits 111 of a predetermined length along a predetermined direction and connected to the inner cavity of the tube body 11. The predetermined direction can be set according to the blasting requirements, so that the slits 111 can guide the blasting energy and form directional cracks around the blast hole 21 along the direction of the slits 111. The number of slits 111 can be one or more. Similarly, the predetermined length of the slits 111, the number of slits 111, and the distribution of multiple slits 111 on the tube body 11 can also be set according to the specific blasting requirements. For example, the predetermined length of the slits 111 can be 2 / 3 to 4 / 5 of the length of the tube body 11.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the two ends of the connector 12 are connected, and the two ends of the connector 12 are respectively provided with a second connecting part 120 that can be connected to the first connecting part 110 of the pipe body 11; wherein, the pipe body 11 and the connector 12 are made of steel.

[0035] The connector 12 is also a structure that is open at both ends. When the connector 12 is connected to the pipe body 11, the cavity of the pipe body 11 and the cavity of the connector 12 are connected, which makes it easy to put explosives or other blasting substances into the cavity of each pipe body 11.

[0036] To facilitate the connection of multiple tubes 11 end-to-end to form a slotted explosive charge 10 with a depth suitable for the borehole 21, this embodiment provides a first connecting part 110 at each end of the tube 11 and a second connecting part 120 at each end of the connector 12, which can connect with the first connecting part 110 of the tube 11. This allows multiple tubes 11 to be connected using the connector 12, assembling a slotted explosive charge 10 of the required length for blasting. The first connecting part 110 and the second connecting part 120 are compatible, and their specific structures can vary, such as using an interference fit or a quick-connect method, to meet the corresponding construction economy or construction efficiency requirements.

[0037] In this embodiment, the pipe body 11 and the joint 12 are made of steel. For example, the pipe body 11 can be made of seamless steel pipe, and the joint 12 can be made of steel by forging or machining. The higher strength and heat resistance of steel pipes are beneficial to improving the effect of directional fracture blasting, thereby enhancing the stability of the slope structure. This not only solves the problem of PVC pipe failure when subjected to high temperature and high pressure of explosives, but also ensures the reliability of blasting and improves the blasting effect while controlling costs.

[0038] The slit-cutting explosive charge 10 for pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines provided in this application includes a tube 11 and a connector 12. The tube 11 has two through-holes, and each end of the tube 11 has a first connecting portion 110. The tube wall of the tube 11 has a slit 111 of a predetermined length cut along a predetermined direction, and the slit 111 communicates with the inner cavity of the tube 11. The connector 12 has two through-holes, and each end of the connector 12 has a second connecting portion 120 that can connect with the first connecting portion 110 of the tube 11. The tube 11 and connector 12 are made of steel. This slit-cutting explosive charge 10 can effectively improve the reliability of blasting.

[0039] Optional, such as Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the slit 111 extends along the axial direction of the tube body 11. That is, in this embodiment, the preset direction of the slit 111 is parallel to the axial direction of the tube body 11. When multiple tube bodies 11 are connected, the slits 111 of each tube body 11 can be easily aligned with each other, so that the slit 111 can guide the blasting energy and form directional cracks around the blast hole 21 along the direction of the slit 111.

[0040] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the slit 111 includes at least a first slit and a second slit, which extend along the axial direction of the pipe body 11 and are distributed circumferentially along the pipe body 11 at a preset angle. Specifically, this embodiment provides two slits 111, a first slit and a second slit, on the pipe wall of the pipe body 11. Similarly, the preset directions of the first slit and the second slit are parallel to the axial direction of the pipe body 11, facilitating alignment of the slits 111 of each pipe body 11 when multiple pipe bodies 11 are connected. Furthermore, the first slit and the second slit are distributed circumferentially along the pipe body 11 at a preset angle, which is set according to blasting requirements to meet the operational needs of a specific construction scenario.

[0041] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the first slit and the second slit are symmetrically distributed along the circumference of the pipe body 11, that is, the first slit and the second slit are distributed along the circumference of the pipe body 11 at a preset angle of 180°. In this way, the distribution of the explosion stress field and the quasi-static and wedge-like effects of the explosive gas on the borehole wall 21 can be controlled by the first slit and the second slit, so as to control the cracking direction of the exploded medium.

[0042] To reduce the cost of using the suture pack 10, optional features include... Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the first connecting part 110 is provided with an internal thread, and the second connecting part 120 is provided with an external thread adapted to the internal thread of the first connecting part 110; or, the first connecting part 110 is provided with an external thread, and the second connecting part 120 is provided with an internal thread adapted to the external thread of the first connecting part 110. The first connecting part 110 and the second connecting part 120 respectively have adapted thread structures, which not only facilitates the connection of the tube body 11 and the connector 12 through the first connecting part 110 and the second connecting part 120, ensuring on-site operation efficiency, but also facilitates processing and manufacturing, reducing the manufacturing cost of the tube body 11 and the connector 12. In addition, the threaded connection method of the first connecting part 110 and the second connecting part 120 ensures the overall structural firmness and stability of the cutting medicine pack 10, and greatly improves the tightness and reliability of the connection.

[0043] Since the first connecting part 110 and the second connecting part 120 each have a compatible threaded structure, for ease of installation, optional, such as Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the connector 12 is provided with a snap-fit ​​portion 121, which has at least two symmetrically arranged surfaces. An installation tool, such as a wrench, can snap into the snap-fit ​​portion 121 of the connector 12. Then, by rotating the connector 12, the threads of the second connecting portion 120 of the connector 12 are engaged with the threads of the first connecting portion 110 of the pipe body 11 and tightened. To ensure that the installation tool does not slip, the snap-fit ​​portion 121 has at least two symmetrical surfaces. For example, the snap-fit ​​portion 121 can be a hexagonal prism structure, which facilitates the formation of a stable and reliable force-applying surface for the installation tool, thereby improving the usability of the connector 12 and the efficiency of on-site operations.

[0044] Secondly, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, embodiments of this application also provide a blasting method using any of the described slit-cutting explosive charges 10, the blasting method comprising:

[0045] S11. Determine the depth of borehole 21. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the assembly length of the cutting explosive charge 10 can be determined based on the depth of the blast hole 21 opened in the rock mass 20.

[0046] S12. Using the tube body 11 and connector 12, a slotted charge 10 adapted to the depth of the borehole 21 is manufactured, wherein the slots 111 of each tube body 11 of the slotted charge 10 are aligned with each other. Multiple tube bodies 11 can be pre-connected together on the ground using connector 12. During connection, it must be ensured that the slots 111 of each tube body 11 are on the same straight line to obtain a slotted charge 10 adapted to the depth of the borehole 21.

[0047] S13. Place the slit-cutting charge 10 into the blast hole 21. During this process, the slits 111 of each tube 11 of the slit-cutting charge 10 should be aligned in the same direction to maximize the directional use of the blasting energy.

[0048] S14. Place the detonator into the cavity of the designated tube of the slit charge 10. The detonator is placed into the cavity of the designated tube of the slit charge 10 so that it can be detonated in a preset position or in a preset sequence.

[0049] S15. Fill the slit-cutting charge 10 with explosives and then detonate it. Specifically, the explosives can be evenly filled into the tube 11 cavity of the slit-cutting charge 10 using an explosives mixing vehicle. After the entire preparation process of the slit-cutting charge 10 is completed, the detonation line 30 extending from the slit-cutting charge 10 can be used to detonate it, thereby achieving deep-hole directional pre-splitting blasting.

[0050] The blasting method provided in this application uses a slit-cutting explosive charge 10, which includes a tube 11 and a connector 12. The tube 11 has two through-holes, and each end of the tube 11 has a first connecting portion 110. The tube wall of the tube 11 has a slit 111 of a predetermined length cut along a predetermined direction, and the slit 111 communicates with the inner cavity of the tube 11. The connector 12 has two through-holes, and each end of the connector 12 has a second connecting portion 120 that can connect with the first connecting portion 110 of the tube 11. The tube 11 and connector 12 are made of steel. This blasting method can effectively improve the reliability of blasting.

[0051] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, a slit-cutting explosive charge 10 adapted to the depth of the borehole 21 is manufactured using a tube 11 and a connector 12. This includes: if the depth of the borehole 21 is less than a borehole depth threshold, then a single tube 11 is used to manufacture the slit-cutting explosive charge 10; if the depth of the borehole 21 is greater than or equal to the borehole depth threshold, then one or more tubes 11 and one or more connectors 12 are sequentially connected to manufacture a slit-cutting explosive charge 10 adapted to the depth of the borehole 21. It can be understood that when the depth of the borehole 21 is shallow and less than the borehole depth threshold, a single tube 11 can achieve the blasting operation, and it is not necessary to use connectors 12 to connect multiple tubes 11. Therefore, only one tube 11 can be used to manufacture the slit-cutting explosive charge 10. The borehole depth threshold can be determined according to the length of the manufactured tube 11. For example, the borehole depth threshold can be equal to or slightly greater than the length of the tube 11. When the depth of the borehole 21 is greater than or equal to the borehole depth threshold, multiple pipe bodies 11 can be connected by several connectors 12 to assemble a cutting explosive pack 10 that is adapted to the depth of the borehole 21. It can be seen that the cutting explosive pack 10 in this embodiment has a modular function and can better adapt to different construction conditions in the field operation environment.

[0052] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, placing the detonator into the cavity of a designated tube of the slit charge 10 includes: placing the detonator into the cavity of the corresponding tube of the slit charge 10 according to a preset detonation position; or, placing the detonator into the cavity of the corresponding tube of the slit charge 10 according to a preset detonation sequence. It can be understood that the detonator, as an initiating device, determines the corresponding tube of the slit charge 10 according to a preset detonation position or a preset detonation sequence. For example, the position of the corresponding tube relative to the slit charge 10 can be determined based on the preset detonation position, combined with the assembly length of the slit charge 10 and its placement position in the borehole 21. This corresponding tube is then used as the designated tube for placing the detonator, enabling precise control of the detonation position and sequence, thereby further ensuring the reliability of the blasting.

[0053] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0054] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0055] In particular, the device embodiment is basically similar to the method embodiment, so the description is relatively simple. For relevant details, please refer to the description of the method embodiment.

[0056] For ease of description, the above apparatus is described by dividing it into various functional units / modules. Of course, when implementing the solution of this application, the functions of each unit / module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A slit-cutting explosive charge for pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines, characterized in that, include: The tube has two through ends, and each end of the tube is provided with a first connecting part. The tube wall is provided with a slit of a preset length along a preset direction, and the slit is connected to the inner cavity of the tube. The connector has two through ends, and each end of the connector has a second connecting part that can connect with the first connecting part of the pipe body.

2. The slit-cutting explosive charge for pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cut extends along the axial direction of the tube body.

3. The slit-cutting explosive charge for pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cut includes at least a first cut and a second cut, the first cut and the second cut extending along the axial direction of the tube body, and the first cut and the second cut distributed along the circumference of the tube body at a preset angle.

4. The slit-cutting explosive charge for pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first slit and the second slit are symmetrically distributed along the circumference of the tube.

5. The slit-cutting explosive charge for pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first connecting part is provided with an internal thread, and the second connecting part is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread of the first connecting part; or, the first connecting part is provided with an external thread, and the second connecting part is provided with an internal thread that matches the external thread of the first connecting part.

6. The slit-cutting explosive charge for pre-splitting blasting in open-pit mines according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connector is provided with a snap-fit ​​part, which has at least two symmetrically arranged surfaces.

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