Anchor rod anchoring visual simulation test system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a visual simulation test system for anchor rod anchoring, relates to the technical field of anchor rod anchoring, and solves the problem that the change before and after an anchor rod anchoring test cannot be directly and visually observed in the prior art. The device comprises a forming die, an ice body base is arranged in the forming die, an anchoring hole is formed in the ice body base, the inner end of an anchor rod is arranged in the anchoring hole, and an ice body layer is filled between the outer side wall of the anchor rod and the inner wall of the anchoring hole. The anchor rod is provided with a filling channel, the outer end of the anchor rod is connected with a marking solution filling assembly, and the marking solution filling assembly is communicated with the filling channel. According to the utility model, the change of the anchor rod before and after the anchoring test is intuitively and visually observed, the secondary damage to the anchor rod during the cutting observation in the prior art is avoided, and the test observation process is simple and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of anchor bolt anchoring technology, and in particular to an anchor bolt anchoring visualization simulation test system. Background Technology

[0002] With the vigorous advancement of above-ground and underground engineering construction in my country, the use of anchor bolt systems is becoming increasingly widespread. Currently, anchor bolt anchoring in geotechnical engineering is often considered a concealed process; that is, after the anchor bolt is driven into the anchored rock or soil, they together form an anchor body, and the mechanisms or phenomena such as the interaction between the anchor bolt and the anchored rock or soil, displacement changes, and crack propagation are not easily observed. To study anchor bolt anchoring, conventional methods involve cutting the anchor body, but this cutting process may cause secondary damage to both the anchor bolt and the anchor body, affecting the accuracy of the research results.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN116754367A discloses a visualized indoor anchor pull-out test device and method. The device includes an anchored rock mass within a three-dimensional frame of a confining pressure loading system. A transparent loading plate surrounds the transverse outer periphery of the anchored rock mass. The movable rods of each loading jack are connected to the transparent loading plate. Positioning channels are provided within the anchored rock mass. The anchor to be tested in the anchor pull-out system passes through these positioning channels and is fixed with grout. The pull-out jacks are connected to the anchor to be tested. The monitoring system includes a stress monitor to monitor the stress value of the anchor to be tested, a strain monitor to monitor the strain value of the anchored rock mass, and a non-contact full-field strain monitor to monitor the plane strain field changes of the anchored rock mass. The device provided by this invention can reflect real strain field changes, and the dynamic changes in stress and strain of the surrounding rock during anchor application and action can be monitored synchronously, making it suitable for studying the effects of different pull-out rates.

[0004] However, in this scheme, changes before and after the anchoring process rely on monitoring devices to collect relevant data, making it impossible to directly observe internal changes. Furthermore, observing the internal structure also requires cutting the object open. Therefore, it is impossible to directly observe the anchoring process, displacement changes, anchor deformation, anchor body crack initiation, and failure consequences in the anchor-anchored soil-rock system. In particular, it cannot visualize the crack propagation phenomenon between the anchor and the anchored soil-rock. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology, this utility model proposes an anchor bolt anchoring visualization simulation test system, which solves the problem that changes before and after anchor bolt anchoring tests in existing technologies cannot be directly visualized and observed.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: An anchor bolt anchoring visualization simulation test system includes a molding mold, an ice base is provided inside the molding mold, an anchoring hole is opened in the ice base, the inner end of the anchor bolt is placed in the anchoring hole, and an ice layer is filled between the outer wall of the anchor bolt and the inner wall of the anchoring hole; an injection channel is provided on the anchor bolt, the outer end of the anchor bolt is connected to a marking solution injection component, and the marking solution injection component is connected to the injection channel.

[0007] Preferably, the molding die is a box-shaped die with an opening at the top. A demolding pipe is laid on the molding die and is connected to a hot water supply pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the injection channel includes an inner hole of the anchor bolt, and the side wall of the anchor bolt is provided with a plurality of tapered holes in the circumferential direction that connect the inner hole of the anchor bolt and the outside of the anchor bolt.

[0009] Preferably, the tapered hole is provided with a plug, and the plug is provided with a pull ring or connected to a pull rope. The outer end of the anchor rod is provided with an outer end head, and the inner end is provided with an inner end head.

[0010] Preferably, the anchor rod exposed outside the anchor hole is provided with anchor rod fasteners, and an anchoring pad is provided between the anchor rod fasteners and the ice base.

[0011] Preferably, the labeling solution dispensing assembly includes a connecting pipe connected to an external end, the connecting pipe being connected to the pump outlet, and the pump inlet being connected to a container. The container contains a labeling solution. The labeling solution is a colored solution.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting an ice base and using transparent ice to simulate soil and rock, structural changes during anchoring can be directly observed. Anchoring holes provide space for anchor insertion, and filling them with ice simulates grouting reinforcement. A marking solution injection component allows for liquid filling and marking of external cracks in the anchor through injection channels, facilitating direct observation of the crack structure and location. Finally, after testing, the ice base and ice layer can be melted, allowing for complete removal of the anchor. This maximizes the global analysis and research of the anchor without causing secondary damage. This invention achieves intuitive and visual observation of changes before and after anchoring testing, avoiding secondary damage to the anchor during cutting observation in existing technologies. The testing and observation process is simple and reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the anchor bolt of this utility model;

[0016] In the figure: 1: molding mold, 2: ice base, 3: anchor bolt, 4: ice layer, 5: marking solution filling component, 6: conical hole, 7: plug, 8: pull ring, 9: outer end, 10: inner end, 11: anchor bolt fastener, 12: anchoring pad, 13: connecting pipe, 14: pump, 15: container. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown in Embodiment 1, an anchor bolt anchoring visualization simulation test system includes a molding mold 1. The molding mold 1 contains an ice base 2, which uses transparent ice to simulate soil and rock, allowing for direct observation of structural changes during anchoring. An anchoring hole is formed within the ice base 2, providing space for the anchor bolt to be inserted. The inner end of the anchor bolt 3 is placed within the anchoring hole. An ice layer 4 fills the space between the outer wall of the anchor bolt 3 and the inner wall of the anchoring hole, simulating grouting reinforcement and thus fixing the anchor bolt. An injection channel is provided on the anchor bolt 3, and the outer end of the anchor bolt 3 is connected to a marking solution injection component 5. The marking solution injection component 5 is connected to the injection channel, allowing liquid to be injected into cracks on the outside of the anchor bolt through the injection channel for marking, enabling direct observation of the structure and location of the cracks.

[0019] As a further specific embodiment, the molding mold 1 is a box mold with an opening at the top. A demolding pipe is laid on the molding mold 1 and connected to a hot water supply pipe. In actual use, hot water is supplied to the demolding pipe through the hot water supply pipe. After the ice base 2 of the simulated rock and soil mass is formed, the supplied hot water is used to heat it, thereby reducing the adhesion between the mold and the ice body of the ice base, facilitating demolding.

[0020] In practical use, this embodiment first uses foam material to create a molding mold 1, and lays a demolding pipe on the side wall of the molding mold 1. A conventional steel pipe is then installed inside the molding mold to form the ice base. After the ice base has cured, the embedded steel pipe needs to be pulled out, leaving anchoring holes on the ice base to accommodate the anchor bolts. Before pulling out the embedded steel pipe, hot water can be passed through the pipe to reduce the adhesion between the steel pipe and the ice. When forming the ice base after the molding mold is ready, heated and cooled pure water is poured into the molding mold to ensure the ice base has maximum transparency. Due to the expansion effect of water after freezing, the volume of water poured in should not exceed 80% of the internal volume of the molding mold. As an optional solution, to determine the compressive strength and other mechanical parameters of the ice, test blocks also need to be made for subsequent conventional tests such as compressive strength tests.

[0021] The molding mold was then placed in a low-temperature environment for curing until all the internal water had turned into ice. Hot water was then introduced into the pre-embedded steel pipe, which was then pulled out. Hot water was introduced into the demolding pipe to reduce the adhesion between the mold and the ice. The molding mold was then removed, resulting in an ice base for simulating soil and rock. The prepared anchor rods were inserted into the anchoring holes, and heated and cooled pure water was injected into the holes. Low-temperature curing was then performed to form an anchoring layer between the anchor rods and the holes, completing the bonding and anchoring between the anchor rods and the ice base. After the anchor rods were anchored to the ice base, a tensioning and locking process was performed to simulate the anchoring of the soil and rock. Next, a pull-out test was conducted on the anchor body using a pull-out device. During the pull-out process, the changes in the internal structure could be directly observed through the transparent ice base. After the pull-out test, a marking solution injection component 5 was connected to the anchor rod, and marking solution was injected into the injection channel of the anchor rod through the component 5. The marking solution is introduced into the cracks on the outside of the anchor bolt caused by the pull plate test. The marking solution allows for better observation of the crack conditions.

[0022] Finally, the entire ice base was placed in a high-temperature environment to melt the ice base and ice layer. The tested anchor rod was then completely removed, and its deformation under stress was studied and analyzed. This allows for a comprehensive analysis of the anchor rod without causing secondary damage. This invention enables intuitive and visual observation of the changes before and after the anchor rod anchoring test, avoiding the secondary damage to the anchor rod that is easily caused by cutting and observing in existing technologies. The testing and observation process is simple and reliable.

[0023] Example 2: A visual simulation test system for anchor bolt anchoring, based on Example 1, such as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the injection channel includes an inner hole in the anchor bolt. The side wall of the anchor bolt 3 has several tapered holes 6 circumferentially connected to the inner hole and the outside of the anchor bolt. With these tapered holes, the marking solution injection assembly can inject the marking solution through these evenly distributed tapered holes into the outside of the anchor bolt, injecting it into the cracks caused by anchor pull-out, facilitating observation of the crack condition.

[0024] As a further specific embodiment, a plug 7 is provided on the conical hole 6, and the plug 7 is equipped with a pull ring 8 or connected to a pull rope. By providing the plug, the conical hole can be blocked during the anchor insertion process and during the filling of the ice layer, preventing water from flowing into the anchor. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the flow of the marking solution from the inner hole of the anchor to the outer wall of the anchor during the crack marking process, the plug needs to be removed from the conical hole before the marking solution is pumped into the inner hole of the anchor. Providing a conical hole facilitates the removal of the plug.

[0025] When using a pull rope on the plug, the pull rope is pre-installed at the outer end of the anchor rod. After the pull-out test, the plug is pulled out of the conical hole by the pull rope, opening the conical hole to allow the marking solution to flow. As an optional solution, when using a pull ring on the plug, a conventional steel bar with high hardness and a hook at the end is used. The steel bar is inserted into the inner hole of the anchor rod, and the hook at the end of the steel bar cooperates with the pull ring to pull the plug off. Then the marking solution can flow out through the conical hole to the outer wall of the anchor rod and flow into the resulting gap, which is easy to observe with the naked eye.

[0026] Additionally, an outer end 9 is provided at the outer end of the anchor rod 3, and an inner end 10 is provided at the inner end. An anchor rod fastener 11 is fixedly installed on the anchor rod 3 exposed outside the anchoring hole, and an anchoring pad 12 is provided between the anchor rod fastener 11 and the ice base 2. The inner end can seal the inner end of the anchor rod to prevent water from entering the anchor rod. The outer end can be connected to the marking solution injection component and achieve communication between it and the inner hole of the anchor rod. In this embodiment, the inner end is fixedly connected to the anchor rod by welding, and the outer end is connected to the anchor rod by thread. During the anchoring process, the outer end plate is not connected to the anchor rod. The outer end is only connected after the pull-out test when it is necessary to observe the crack condition.

[0027] In practical use, the anchoring plate and anchor rod are fitted together with either a clearance fit or a sliding fit. Using the anchoring fasteners and a pull-out machine (a conventional technique), a pull-out test is conducted on the anchor rod. During the pull-out test, the anchoring plate is positioned between the pull-out machine and the ice base, providing support, increasing the contact area and structural strength, and preventing damage to the contact surface of the ice base during pull-out. Structural changes are visually observed through the transparent ice base and ice layer during the pull-out process. After the ice layer is poured and filled, the anchor fasteners 11 and anchoring plate 12 are cleaned and maintained, allowing for better observation of any visible cracks.

[0028] Example 3: A visual simulation testing system for anchor bolt anchoring. Based on Example 2, the marking solution dispensing component 5 includes a connecting pipe 13 connected to an outer end. The connecting pipe 13 is connected to the outlet end of a pump 14, which is a conventional liquid pump. The inlet end of the pump 14 is connected to a container 15. The container 15 contains a marking solution. The marking solution is a colored solution. In this example, the colored solution is purified water with added red ink and antifreeze.

[0029] When it is necessary to pump in the marking solution to fill the crack, the pump is turned on. The pump draws the marking solution from the container and pumps the marked solution with a certain pressure into the inner hole of the anchor bolt. It then enters the outer side of the anchor bolt through the conical hole and finally enters the crack in the outer ice layer, so that the crack is marked by the marking solution, thereby improving the visibility of the crack.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A visual simulation test system for visualizing an anchoring of a rock bolt, characterized in that: The application relates to a forming mold (1) which is internally provided with an ice body base (2), the ice body base (2) is internally provided with an anchoring hole, the inner end of an anchor rod (3) is arranged in the anchoring hole, and an ice body layer (4) is filled between the outer side wall of the anchor rod (3) and the inner wall of the anchoring hole; the anchor rod (3) is provided with an adding channel, the outer end of the anchor rod (3) is connected with a marking solution adding assembly (5), and the marking solution adding assembly (5) is communicated with the adding channel.

2. The visualisation simulation test system for visualisation of anchoring of a rock bolt according to claim 1, characterised in that: The forming mold (1) is a box mold, and the top of the forming mold (1) is open.

3. The visualisation simulation test system for visualisation of anchoring of a rock bolt according to claim 2, characterised in that: The forming mold (1) is provided with a demolding pipeline, and the demolding pipeline is connected with a hot water supply pipeline.

4. The visualisation simulation test system for anchoring of a rock bolt according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that: The adding channel comprises an anchor rod inner hole, and a plurality of taper holes (6) which are communicated with the anchor rod inner hole and the outside of the anchor rod are arranged on the side wall of the anchor rod (3) in a circumferential direction.

5. The visualisation simulation test system for visualisation of anchoring of a rock bolt according to claim 4, characterised in that: The taper hole (6) is provided with a plug (7), and the plug (7) is provided with a pull ring (8) or is connected with a pull rope.

6. The visualisation simulation test system for visualisation of anchoring of a rock bolt according to claim 5, characterised in that: The outer end of the anchor rod (3) is provided with an outer end head (9), and the inner end is provided with an inner end head (10).

7. The visualisation simulation test system for visualisation of anchoring of a rock bolt according to claim 6, characterised in that: The anchor rod (3) which is exposed outside the anchoring hole is provided with an anchor rod fastener (11), and an anchoring pad (12) is arranged between the anchor rod fastener (11) and the ice body base (2).

8. The visualisation simulation test system for visualisation of anchoring of a rock bolt according to claim 7, characterised in that: The marking solution adding assembly (5) comprises a connecting pipe (13) which is connected with the outer end head, the connecting pipe (13) is connected with the liquid outlet end of a pump (14), and the liquid inlet end of the pump (14) is communicated with a container (15).

9. A visualisation simulation testing system for an anchor rod according to claim 8, characterised in that: The container (15) is filled with the marking solution.

10. A visualisation simulation testing system for an anchor rod according to claim 9, characterised in that: The marking solution is a colored solution.

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