Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic module, which comprises a module body and a frame for packaging the module body, the sunny side of the module body is provided with a self-cleaning coating, the frame comprises a clamping frame with a clamping groove and a supporting frame connected with the clamping frame, the module body is clamped in the clamping groove, and the supporting frame is connected with the clamping groove. The clamping frame comprises a top plate, a side plate connected with the top plate and a bearing plate connected with the side plate, the clamping groove is defined by the top plate, the side plate and the bearing plate, the supporting frame is connected with the bearing plate, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the top plate. Part of pollutants on the surface of the assembly body are directly separated from the assembly, and the other part of pollutants are discharged along with rainwater through the through holes in the frame, so that the optimal rainwater cleaning effect is ensured, and the surface of the assembly body is kept clean.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to photovoltaic module technical field especially relates to a photovoltaic module with self -cleaning function. BACKGROUND

[0002] The photovoltaic module is installed in the outdoor environment, and pollutants such as oil fume, dust, bird droppings and acid rain are easy to accumulate on the surface of the photovoltaic module during operation. On the one hand, these pollutants will affect the transmittance of light, and then affect the amount of solar radiation received by the surface of the module. On the other hand, the shadow formed by the pollutants may cause hot spot effect of the module, resulting in power attenuation of the module or even burning of the module.

[0003] The conventional photovoltaic module relies on rainwater in nature to clean its surface, but the natural cleaning effect of rainwater is poor. In addition, since the height of the front frame of the photovoltaic module is higher than that of the glass surface, it will block the dust left on the glass surface with rainwater, resulting in long-term retention of a large amount of dust and sewage in the lower part of the module. Especially when the installation inclination angle of the photovoltaic module is small, the accumulation of dust and sewage will be more obvious. In severe cases, it will block the solar cell in the lower part of the photovoltaic module, greatly reduce the output power of the photovoltaic module, and also affect the reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0004] Patent CN107819042A discloses an anti-fouling and easy-to-clean solar photovoltaic cell module, which comprises a module main body, a support and a frame for encapsulating the module main body. The module main body comprises a glass panel, an adhesive layer, a photovoltaic cell layer and a back plate which are laminated from top to bottom. The surface of the glass panel is coated with a light-transmitting anti-fouling paint. The top of the frame is also provided with a rainwater collecting groove and a cleaning mechanism. The rainwater collecting groove and the cleaning mechanism of the module can use rainwater to clean the solar cell glass panel, saving water resources. However, since the module main body is encapsulated by the frame, the problem of long-term retention of pollutants in the lower part of the module still exists. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module with self-cleaning function, which can avoid the problem of long-term retention of pollutants in the lower part of the module, thereby avoiding the problem of blocking the solar cell and greatly reducing the output power of the module and affecting the reliability of the module.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A photovoltaic module comprises a module body and a frame enclosing the module body, a self-cleaning coating is arranged on a sun-facing surface of the module body, the frame comprises a clamping frame with a clamping groove and a supporting frame connected to the clamping frame, the module body is clamped in the clamping groove, the clamping frame comprises a top plate, a side plate connected to the top plate, and a bearing plate connected to the side plate, the clamping groove is formed between the top plate, the side plate and the bearing plate, the supporting frame is connected to the bearing plate, a plurality of through holes are formed in the top plate, each of the through holes has a first opening end and a second opening end, the first opening end is located on a side of the top plate close to the self-cleaning coating, and the second opening end is located on a side of the top plate away from the self-cleaning coating.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, in actual use, under the washing of rainwater, the pollutants on the surface of the module body are easily separated and washed away, part of the pollutants are directly separated from the module body with the rainwater, and the other part of the pollutants are discharged through the through holes with the rainwater, thereby effectively avoiding the long-term residual of the pollutants on the lower part of the module.

[0009] In some specific embodiments, the opening direction of the first opening end is the same as the opening direction of the clamping groove, and the opening direction of the second opening end is opposite to the opening direction of the clamping groove.

[0010] In some embodiments, the plurality of through holes are connected to each other inside the top plate, which is helpful for the discharge of the pollutants.

[0011] In some embodiments, each of the through holes extends along the width direction of the top plate, so as to shorten the distance of the discharge of the pollutants as much as possible.

[0012] In some embodiments, the shape of each of the through holes is not particularly limited, including but not limited to a circular through hole, an elliptical through hole or a rectangular through hole.

[0013] In some embodiments, the two ends of the side plate are respectively connected to one end of the top plate and one end of the bearing plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning coating is a nano coating.

[0015] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning coating is a super-hydrophilic organic material layer, a super-hydrophilic inorganic material layer, a super-hydrophobic organic material layer or a super-hydrophobic inorganic material layer.

[0016] In the utility model, the super-hydrophilic refers to that a water drop forms a film on the surface of the material, and the contact angle is less than 5 degrees.

[0017] The super-hydrophobic refers to that a water drop cannot form a film on the surface of the material, and the contact angle is greater than 150 degrees.

[0018] Furthermore, the self-cleaning coating is a TiO2 nanomaterial coating, an organic polymer fluoride coating, a silicide coating, or a nano-SiO2 coating.

[0019] In some embodiments, the component body includes a glass layer, a first encapsulation layer, a photovoltaic cell, a second encapsulation layer, and a backsheet stacked sequentially, and the self-cleaning coating is disposed on the sun-facing surface of the glass layer.

[0020] In some embodiments, the support frame includes a bottom support plate, a first side support plate and a second side support plate respectively spaced apart on the bottom support plate, the first side support plate and the second side support plate are also connected to the bearing plate, and the first side support plate, the bearing plate, the second side support plate and the bottom support plate form a cavity.

[0021] Due to the application of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0022] This utility model of photovoltaic module utilizes a self-cleaning coating combined with through-holes on the frame. Under the action of rainwater, dust and other contaminants on the surface of the module body are easily removed and washed away by the rainwater. Some of the contaminants are directly removed from the module, while the rest are smoothly discharged with the rainwater through the through-holes on the frame, ensuring optimal rainwater cleaning effect. This keeps the module surface clean, ensures that the module surface always has high light transmittance, prevents the generation of hot spot effect, and improves the maximum output power and long-term reliability of the module. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] 1. Self-cleaning coating; 2. Through hole; 3. Top plate; 4. Side plate; 5. Support plate; 6. Bottom support plate; 7. First side support plate; 8. Second side support plate; 9. Cavity; 10. Glass layer; 11. First encapsulation layer; 12. Photovoltaic cell; 13. Second encapsulation layer; 14. Back plate. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0028] Photovoltaic modules are usually installed outdoors. During operation, pollutants such as oil fumes, dust, bird droppings, and acid rain can easily accumulate on the surface of photovoltaic modules. On the one hand, these pollutants affect the light transmittance, which in turn affects the amount of solar radiation received by the photovoltaic module surface. On the other hand, the shadows formed by the pollutants may cause hot spot effects in the photovoltaic modules, leading to power attenuation or even burnout.

[0029] Based on this, the photovoltaic modules involved in the embodiments of this application are described in [reference needed]. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module includes a module body and a frame for encapsulating the module body. The module body includes a glass layer 10, a first encapsulation layer 11, a photovoltaic cell 12, a second encapsulation layer 13, and a backsheet 14 stacked from top to bottom. A self-cleaning coating 1 is provided on the sun-facing side of the glass layer 10. The self-cleaning coating 1 has a self-cleaning function. Under the action of rainwater in nature, dust and other pollutants on the surface of the module body can be removed and washed away, and some pollutants can be directly removed from the module body with the rainwater.

[0030] In some embodiments, the self-cleaning coating 1 is a nano-coating with high light transmittance. The high light transmittance of the self-cleaning coating 1 ensures that more sunlight can pass through the self-cleaning coating 1 and be absorbed by the photovoltaic cell 12.

[0031] Specifically, the self-cleaning coating 1 can be a superhydrophilic material or a superhydrophobic material. A superhydrophilic material is one where water droplets interact strongly with the coating surface, easily spreading to form a liquid film with a contact angle of less than 5 degrees. When water flows across the coating surface, this liquid film easily removes dirt. A superhydrophobic material, on the other hand, has very weak interaction with the coating surface, with a contact angle greater than 150 degrees, effectively preventing the adhesion of water and dust, keeping the surface clean and dry. Both superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic materials can achieve self-cleaning functionality. Specifically, superhydrophilic materials include superhydrophilic organic materials or superhydrophilic inorganic materials, such as TiO2 nanomaterials; superhydrophobic materials include superhydrophobic organic materials or superhydrophobic inorganic materials. Superhydrophobic organic materials include organic polymer fluorides and silicides, while superhydrophobic inorganic materials include nano-SiO2.

[0032] Although the self-cleaning coating 1 can effectively clean the glass surface, the presence of the frame allows contaminants to remain on the lower part of the component. To address this issue of contaminants remaining on the lower part of the component due to the frame obstructing the self-cleaning effect, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 In the embodiments of this application, the frame includes a snap-fit ​​frame with a slot and a support frame connected to the snap-fit ​​frame and used to support the snap-fit ​​frame. The snap-fit ​​frame includes a top plate 3 extending horizontally, a side plate 4 whose upper end is connected to one end of the top plate 3 and is arranged vertically, and a support plate 5 whose one end is connected to the lower end of the side plate 4. The other end of the top plate 3 is suspended. The top plate 3, the side plate 4 and the support plate 5 form a slot, and the component body is snapped into the slot. On the top plate 3, a plurality of through holes 2 are sequentially spaced along the length direction of the top plate 3. Each through hole 2 extends along the width direction of the top plate 3. Each through hole 2 has a first opening end and a second opening end. The first opening end is located on the side of the top plate 3 near the self-cleaning coating 1, and the opening orientation of the first opening end is the same as the opening orientation of the slot. The second opening end is located on the side of the top plate 3 away from the self-cleaning coating 1, and the opening orientation of the second opening end is opposite to the opening orientation of the slot.

[0033] With the through holes 2 on the top plate 3, the pollutants remaining at the bottom of the module due to the obstruction of the frame enter through the through holes 2 through the first opening and then exit through the second opening. This allows the pollutants remaining at the bottom of the module to be discharged smoothly, ensuring the best rainwater cleaning effect, thereby keeping the surface glass clean, ensuring that the surface glass always has a high light transmittance, preventing the generation of hot spot effect, and improving the maximum output power and long-term reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0034] In some embodiments, a plurality of through holes 2 are interconnected inside the top plate 3, which helps to discharge pollutants.

[0035] Specifically, the shape of the through hole 2 can have various implementation schemes. For example, it can be a circular through hole. In other embodiments, the through hole 2 can also be other types of through holes, such as an elliptical through hole or a rectangular through hole, or a combination of several types of through holes.

[0036] To facilitate sealing of the module body, sealant needs to be applied to the inner wall of the slot. After the module body is attached to the slot, rainwater will not penetrate into the module body due to the presence of sealant.

[0037] In practical applications, if the photovoltaic module has a certain tilt angle along the horizontal plane, it will be more conducive to the discharge of contaminants from the bottom of the module through the through hole 2. Even if the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module along the horizontal plane is small, because the surface of the module body has a self-cleaning coating 1, contaminants will still be discharged from the surface of the module body through the through hole 2 after detaching from the surface and accumulating at the frame, thus avoiding contaminant residue.

[0038] See also Figure 1 The support frame includes a bottom support plate 6 extending horizontally, and a first side support plate 7 and a second side support plate 8 vertically arranged at intervals on the bottom support plate 6. The upper end of the first side support plate 7 is connected to the end of the bearing plate 5, and the first side support plate 7 and the side plate 4 are connected to the same end of the bearing plate 5. The lower end of the first side support plate 7 is connected to the end of the bottom support plate 6. The upper end of the second side support plate 8 is connected to the approximate middle position of the bearing plate 5. The first side support plate 7, the bearing plate 5, the second side support plate 8 and the bottom support plate 6 form a cavity 9.

[0039] In some embodiments, the snap-fit ​​frame and the support frame are integrally formed, and their materials can be various, such as aluminum, steel, etc.

[0040] The photovoltaic modules configured as described above have at least the following advantages compared to existing photovoltaic modules:

[0041] 1) The photovoltaic module of this application embodiment, by setting a self-cleaning coating 1 on the sun-facing side of the module body and setting a plurality of through holes 2 on the frame, allows pollutants such as oil fumes, dust, bird droppings, and acid rain on the glass surface to be easily washed away by rainwater during the self-cleaning process of the self-cleaning coating 1. Some of the pollutants are directly removed from the photovoltaic module with the rainwater, while the other part of the pollutants are smoothly discharged from the photovoltaic module through the through holes 2 on the frame with the rainwater. This avoids the pollutants remaining at the bottom of the module due to the obstruction of the frame, ensuring the best rainwater cleaning effect, thereby keeping the surface of the glass clean, ensuring that the surface glass always has a high light transmittance, preventing the generation of hot spot effect, and improving the maximum output power and long-term reliability of the module.

[0042] 2) The photovoltaic module provided in this application embodiment, through the combination of the self-cleaning coating 1 and the setting of several through holes 2 on the frame, can achieve the self-cleaning function of the module surface under the washing of rainwater, and can also avoid pollutants remaining on the lower part of the module, avoiding tedious manual cleaning and greatly reducing cleaning costs.

[0043] 3) The photovoltaic module provided in this application embodiment does not require additional devices such as rainwater receiving troughs and cleaning mechanisms mentioned in patent CN107819042A that are independent of the photovoltaic module. The structure is simpler and the cost is lower. Furthermore, the photovoltaic module provided in this application embodiment can still achieve a better rainwater cleaning effect and can also avoid pollutants remaining on the lower part of the module. It can even achieve a better cleaning effect, further reducing the frequency of manual cleaning and reducing cleaning costs.

[0044] It should also be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0045] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "horizontal", "vertical", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0046] In addition, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical connection or electrical connection, or the internal connection of two components. They can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also fall within the scope of the present utility model. The patent protection scope of the present utility model should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a module body and a frame encapsulating the module body. The sun-facing side of the module body is provided with a self-cleaning coating (1). The frame includes a snap-fit ​​frame with a slot and a support frame connected to the snap-fit ​​frame. The module body is snapped into the slot. The snap-fit ​​frame includes a top plate (3), a side plate (4) connected to the top plate (3), and a support plate (5) connected to the side plate (4). The top plate (3), the side plate (4), and the support plate (5) form the slot. The support frame is connected to the support plate (5). The top plate (3) has several through holes (2). Each through hole (2) has a first opening end and a second opening end. The first opening end is located on the side of the top plate (3) near the self-cleaning coating (1), and the second opening end is located on the side of the top plate (3) away from the self-cleaning coating (1).

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening orientation of the first opening end is the same as the opening orientation of the card slot, and the opening orientation of the second opening end is opposite to the opening orientation of the card slot.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of through holes (2) are interconnected inside the top plate (3); and / or, each of the through holes (2) extends along the width direction of the top plate (3).

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the through holes (2) is a circular through hole, an elliptical through hole, or a rectangular through hole.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the side plate (4) are respectively connected to one end of the top plate (3) and one end of the bearing plate (5).

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-cleaning coating (1) is a nano-coating.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-cleaning coating (1) is a superhydrophilic organic material layer, a superhydrophilic inorganic material layer, a superhydrophobic organic material layer, or a superhydrophobic inorganic material layer.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The self-cleaning coating (1) is a TiO2 nanomaterial coating, an organic polymer fluoride coating, a silicide coating, or a nano SiO2 coating.

9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The component body includes a glass layer (10), a first encapsulation layer (11), a photovoltaic cell (12), a second encapsulation layer (13), and a backplate (14) stacked in sequence, and the self-cleaning coating (1) is disposed on the sun-facing surface of the glass layer (10).

10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The support frame includes a bottom support plate (6), a first side support plate (7) and a second side support plate (8) respectively spaced on the bottom support plate (6), the first side support plate (7) and the second side support plate (8) are also connected to the bearing plate (5), and the first side support plate (7), the bearing plate (5), the second side support plate (8) and the bottom support plate (6) form a cavity (9).

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