Electric drive axle structure and vehicle with same

Abstract

The utility model provides an electric drive axle structure and a vehicle with the same, the electric drive axle structure comprises an electric drive axle shell and a driving structure arranged in the electric drive axle shell, and the driving structure is used for being correspondingly connected with a left driving wheel and a right driving wheel of the vehicle respectively. The driving structure comprises a first planet row, a second planet row, a third planet row, a first gear shifting assembly, a second gear shifting assembly, a third gear shifting assembly and a driving motor. The first planet row, the second planet row and the third planet row are mutually connected through a first gear shifting assembly, a second gear shifting assembly and a third gear shifting assembly respectively, so that four-gear connection is formed among the first planet row, the second planet row and the third planet row; the output end of the driving motor is connected with the first planet row so as to be used for inputting power to the first planet row and outputting power to the left driving wheel and the right driving wheel through the second planet row and the third planet row in sequence. The electric drive axle structure solves the problem that an electric drive axle structure in the prior art is difficult to meet the requirement for large output torque of the wheel end of a heavy vehicle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to drive axle technical field, specifically, relate to a kind of electric drive axle structure and vehicle with it. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, with the innovation and popularization of new energy technology, as the key component connecting motor and wheel, the structural design of drive axle faces unprecedented challenges. Especially in the field of heavy vehicles, the market requires the integration, large speed ratio and volume power density of electric drive axle more and more strictly to adapt to the dual demand of high torque and high efficiency of heavy vehicles under complex working conditions. The prior art provides a three-gear electric drive axle structure, which can meet the power transmission requirements of vehicles to a certain extent.

[0003] However, with the rapid development of new energy technology, electric drive axle system is increasingly widely used in commercial vehicles, and the market demand for integration, large speed ratio and high volume power density of electric drive axle is increasing. The one-gear speed ratio design of such prior art is small, which leads to insufficient output torque of wheel end in heavy vehicle application. In order to meet the power demand of wheel end, it is necessary to select high-performance motor with high cost, which not only increases the overall cost of the system, but also brings challenges to the selection and integration of motor. In addition, the limitations of power flow path and shift strategy limit the economy and efficiency under different working conditions, making it difficult to achieve the best balance between power and economy. SUMMARY

[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide an electric drive axle structure and a vehicle with the same, to solve the problem that the electric drive axle structure in the prior art cannot meet the large output torque demand of heavy vehicle wheel end.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, according to one aspect of the utility model, an electric drive axle structure is provided, which comprises an electric drive axle housing and a drive structure arranged in the housing. The drive structure is used for corresponding connection with left drive wheel and right drive wheel of vehicle respectively. The drive structure comprises: first planetary gear set, second planetary gear set and third planetary gear set; first shift assembly, second shift assembly and third shift assembly, the first planetary gear set, the second planetary gear set and the third planetary gear set are connected with each other through the first shift assembly, the second shift assembly and the third shift assembly respectively, so as to form four gear connections between the first planetary gear set, the second planetary gear set and the third planetary gear set; drive motor, the output end of the drive motor is connected with the first planetary gear set, so as to input power to the first planetary gear set and output power to the left drive wheel and the right drive wheel through the second planetary gear set and the third planetary gear set in turn.

[0006] Further, the driving structure further comprises a first switching assembly comprising a first switching piece A, a first switching piece B, a first switching piece C and a first switching piece D, the first switching piece A is an electric drive axle housing, the first switching piece B is a third sun gear shaft of the third planetary gear set, the first switching piece C is a second sun gear shaft of the second planetary gear set, and the first switching piece D is a first sun gear shaft of the first planetary gear set.

[0007] Further, the first gear shifting assembly comprises a first motor, a first gear shifting sleeve connected to an output end of the first motor, and two first connecting portions provided on the first gear shifting sleeve respectively, so that the first motor drives the first gear shifting sleeve to drive the two first connecting portions to be connected to corresponding two connecting portions of the first switching piece A, the first switching piece B, the first switching piece C and the first switching piece D respectively.

[0008] Further, the driving structure further comprises a second switching assembly comprising a second switching piece a and a second switching piece b, the second switching piece a is a first planetary carrier shaft of the first planetary gear set, and the second switching piece b is a second sun gear shaft of the second planetary gear set.

[0009] Further, the driving structure further comprises a third switching assembly comprising a third switching piece c and a third switching piece d, the third switching piece c is a second ring gear shaft of the second planetary gear set, and the third switching piece d is an electric drive axle housing.

[0010] Further, the second gear shifting assembly comprises a second motor, a second gear shifting sleeve connected to an output end of the second motor, and two second connecting portions provided on the second gear shifting sleeve respectively, so that the second motor drives the second gear shifting sleeve to drive the two second connecting portions to be connected to corresponding two connecting portions of the second switching piece a and the second switching piece b respectively.

[0011] Further, the third gear shifting assembly comprises a third motor, a third gear shifting sleeve connected to an output end of the third motor, and two third connecting portions provided on the third gear shifting sleeve respectively, so that the third motor drives the third gear shifting sleeve to drive the two third connecting portions to be connected to corresponding two connecting portions of the second switching piece a, the third switching piece c and the third switching piece d respectively.

[0012] Further, the second gear shifting sleeve is provided with first spline teeth on inner surfaces at the two second connecting portions respectively, so as to be engaged with the first external spline teeth on the second switching piece a and the second switching piece b respectively; and / or, the third gear shifting sleeve is provided with second spline teeth on inner surfaces at the two third connecting portions respectively, so as to be engaged with the second external spline teeth on the third switching piece c and the third switching piece d respectively.

[0013] Further, when the two second connecting portions of the second shift sleeve and the two third connecting portions of the third shift sleeve are respectively used for corresponding connection with the second switching piece a and the third switching piece c, one second connecting portion of the second shift sleeve and one third connecting portion of the third shift sleeve are connected in cooperation, and the other second connecting portion of the second shift sleeve and the other third connecting portion of the third shift sleeve are respectively connected with the second switching piece a and the third switching piece c.

[0014] Further, the first end tooth is arranged on one second connecting portion of the second shift sleeve, and the second end tooth is arranged on one third connecting portion of the third shift sleeve, and the first end tooth and the second end tooth are connected in meshing.

[0015] Further, the electric drive axle structure further comprises: a differential arranged in the electric drive axle housing, the third planet carrier shaft of the third planetary gear set is connected with the differential, and the differential is connected with the left drive wheel and the right drive wheel through two half shafts respectively, so that the power output by the two third planetary gear sets is respectively transmitted to the left drive wheel and the right drive wheel after being reduced by the differential.

[0016] Further, the first planetary gear set comprises: a first ring gear connected with a first ring gear shaft, the first ring gear shaft being connected with the electric drive axle housing; a first planet wheel connected with the first ring gear; a first planet carrier, the first planet wheel being arranged on the first planet carrier, a first planet carrier shaft being arranged on the first planet carrier and used for connecting with the second shift assembly; and a first sun gear connected with the first planet wheel, a first sun gear shaft being arranged on the first sun gear and used for connecting with the first shift assembly.

[0017] Further, the second planetary gear set comprises: a second ring gear connected with a second ring gear shaft, the second ring gear shaft being used for connecting with the third shift assembly; a second planet wheel connected with the second ring gear; a second planet carrier, the second planet wheel being arranged on the second planet carrier, a second planet carrier shaft being arranged on the second planet carrier and connected with the third sun gear shaft of the third planetary gear set; and a second sun gear connected with the second planet wheel, a second sun gear shaft being arranged on the second sun gear and used for connecting with the first shift assembly.

[0018] Further, the third planetary gear set comprises: a third ring gear connected with a third ring gear shaft, the third ring gear shaft being connected with the electric drive axle housing; a third planet wheel connected with the third ring gear; a third planet carrier, the third planet wheel being arranged on the third planet carrier, a third planet carrier shaft being arranged on the third planet carrier; and a third sun gear connected with the third planet wheel, a third sun gear shaft being arranged on the third sun gear and used for connecting with the first shift assembly.

[0019] According to another aspect of the utility model, provide a kind of vehicle, comprising the electric drive axle structure mentioned above.

[0020] The utility model discloses a kind of electric drive axle structures, including electric drive axle shell and the drive structure being set in it, drive structure is used to respectively with the left drive wheel and right drive wheel of vehicle corresponding connection, drive structure includes first planetary row, second planetary row, third planetary row, first shift component, second shift component, third shift component and drive motor;First planetary row, second planetary row and third planetary row are respectively connected with each other by first shift component, second shift component and third shift component between first planetary row, second planetary row and third planetary row, to form four gear connections between first planetary row, second planetary row and third planetary row;The output end of drive motor is connected with first planetary row, to be used to input power to first planetary row and sequentially output power to left drive wheel and right drive wheel via second planetary row and third planetary row.

[0021] In this way, by the cooperation of first shift component, second shift component and third shift component, four gear connections can be formed between the three planetary rows, so that the electric drive axle can provide greater torque and wider power output range, especially in heavy vehicle applications, better power and economy can be considered, the requirement for motor performance is reduced, so that more flexible and efficient power transmission is provided for the vehicle under different working conditions, to meet the demand of heavy commercial vehicle wheel end large output torque, and then solve the problem that the electric drive axle structure in the prior art cannot meet the demand of heavy vehicle wheel end large output torque. And, the electric drive axle structure is designed compactly, improves the integration, so that the entire drive system is more compact, while optimizing the power flow path, improving the power density, so that the heavy vehicle can realize powerful power output in limited space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings accompanying the specification of this application are used to provide further understanding of the utility model, the illustrative embodiment of the utility model and its explanation are used to explain the utility model, and do not constitute improper limitation to the utility model. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic view provided by embodiment one of the electric drive axle structure according to the utility model is shown;

[0024] Figure 2 The structure schematic view of second shift sleeve and third shift sleeve provided by embodiment one of the electric drive axle structure according to the utility model is shown;

[0025] Figure 3 The side sectional view of second shift sleeve provided by embodiment one of the electric drive axle structure according to the utility model is shown;

[0026] Figure 4 A side sectional view of a third shift sleeve provided by the embodiment one of the electric drive axle structure according to the utility model is shown;

[0027] Figure 5 Structure schematic diagrams of the second shift assembly and the third shift assembly under different gears provided by the embodiment one of the electric drive axle structure according to the utility model are shown;

[0028] Figure 6 A whole structure schematic diagram provided by the embodiment two of the electric drive axle structure according to the utility model is shown;

[0029] Figure 7 A whole structure schematic diagram provided by the embodiment three of the electric drive axle structure according to the utility model is shown.

[0030] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following figure marks:

[0031] 1, first switching piece A; 2, first switching piece B; 3, first switching piece C; 4, first switching piece D; 5, second switching piece a; 6, second switching piece b; 7, third switching piece c; 8, third switching piece d;

[0032] 10, electric drive axle shell; 11, drive motor;

[0033] 20, drive structure; 21, left drive wheel; 22, right drive wheel;

[0034] 30, first planetary gear train; 31, first ring gear; 32, first planetary gear; 33, first carrier; 34, first sun gear;

[0035] 40, second planetary gear train; 41, second ring gear; 42, second planetary gear; 43, second carrier; 44, second sun gear;

[0036] 50, third planetary gear train; 51, third ring gear; 52, third planetary gear; 53, third carrier; 54, third sun gear;

[0037] 60, first shift assembly; 61, first motor; 62, first shift sleeve; 620, first connecting part;

[0038] 70, second shift assembly; 71, second motor; 72, second shift sleeve; 720, second connecting part; 721, first spline tooth; 722, first end tooth;

[0039] 80, third shift assembly; 81, third motor; 82, third shift sleeve; 820, third connecting part; 821, second spline tooth; 822, second end tooth;

[0040] 90, differential. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0042] In order to solve the problem that the electric drive axle structure in the prior art is difficult to meet the large output torque requirement of the wheel end of a heavy vehicle, the utility model provides an electric drive axle structure and a vehicle with the same.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The technical scheme of the utility model provides an electric drive axle structure, which comprises an electric drive axle shell 10 and a drive structure 20 arranged in the electric drive axle shell 10, the drive structure 20 is used for being connected with left drive wheels 21 and right drive wheels 22 of a vehicle respectively, the drive structure 20 comprises a first planetary gear set 30, a second planetary gear set, a third planetary gear set 50, a first gear shifting assembly 60, a second gear shifting assembly 70, a third gear shifting assembly 80 and a drive motor 11; the first planetary gear set 30, the second planetary gear set and the third planetary gear set 50 are connected with each other through the first gear shifting assembly 60, the second gear shifting assembly 70 and the third gear shifting assembly 80 respectively, so that four gear shifting connections are formed between the first planetary gear set 30, the second planetary gear set and the third planetary gear set 50; the output end of the drive motor 11 is connected with the first planetary gear set 30, so as to input power to the first planetary gear set 30 and output power to the left drive wheels 21 and the right drive wheels 22 in turn through the second planetary gear set and the third planetary gear set 50.

[0044] In one aspect of the technical scheme of the utility model, through the cooperation of the first gear shifting assembly 60, the second gear shifting assembly 70 and the third gear shifting assembly 80, four gear shifting connections can be formed between the three planetary gear sets, so that the electric drive axle can provide greater torque and a wider power output range, especially in heavy vehicle applications, the power performance and economy can be better balanced, the requirement for the performance of the motor is reduced, more flexible and efficient power transmission is provided for the vehicle under different working conditions, so as to meet the large output torque requirement of the wheel end of a heavy commercial vehicle, and thus the problem that the electric drive axle structure in the prior art is difficult to meet the large output torque requirement of the wheel end of a heavy vehicle is solved. Moreover, through the compact design of the electric drive axle structure, the integration degree is improved, the whole drive system is more compact, the power flow path is optimized, and the power density is improved, so that the heavy vehicle can realize powerful power output in a limited space.

[0045] In this embodiment, the driving motor 11 is a large-torque, high-power motor with a certain degree of hollow; the first planetary gear set 30, the second planetary gear set and the third planetary gear set 50 are all NWG planetary gear sets; the sun shafts of the first planetary gear set 30, the second planetary gear set and the second planetary gear set are all hollow shafts, and the second sun shaft of the second planetary gear set and the second sun shaft of the second planetary gear set, the third sun shaft of the third planetary gear set 50 all pass through the first sun shaft of the first planetary gear set 30.

[0046] As shown in Figure 1 The driving structure 20 further includes a first switching assembly, which includes a first switching piece A1, a first switching piece B2, a first switching piece C3 and a first switching piece D4. The first switching piece A1 is the electric drive bridge housing 10, the first switching piece B2 is the third sun shaft of the third planetary gear set 50, the first switching piece C3 is the second sun shaft of the second planetary gear set, and the first switching piece D4 is the first sun shaft of the first planetary gear set 30. In this way, the plurality of first switching pieces are connected by cooperating with the first connecting parts 620 on the first shift sleeve 62 to form different power transmission modes, so that the power flow can be transmitted through different paths, thereby realizing multi-gear shifting of the electric drive bridge and enhancing the flexibility of shifting and the adaptability of the vehicle to meet the power demand of the vehicle under different speed and load conditions. Moreover, the first switching assembly allows the power to be distributed among the three planetary gear sets as needed, which can optimize the power transmission efficiency and reduce energy loss, especially in heavy vehicle applications that require high torque output, the power output of the motor can be more effectively utilized.

[0047] Specifically, the first shift assembly 60 includes a first motor 61 and a first shift sleeve 62; the first shift sleeve 62 is connected with the output end of the first motor 61, and two first connecting parts 620 are respectively arranged on the first shift sleeve 62, so that the first motor 61 drives the first shift sleeve 62 to drive the two first connecting parts 620 to be connected with the corresponding two of the first switching piece A1, the first switching piece B2, the first switching piece C3 and the first switching piece D4. In this way, by connecting the corresponding two of the first switching piece A1, the first switching piece B2, the first switching piece C3 and the first switching piece D4, different power transmission paths are formed among the three planetary gear sets, greatly increasing the flexibility and diversity of gear selection, so that the electric drive bridge can adapt to a wider range of driving conditions and load requirements.

[0048] In the embodiment, the first shift sleeve 62 is provided with a spline tooth structure on the inner surface at two first connecting portions 620 respectively, so as to be connected with the outer spline structure on the first switching piece A1, or the first switching piece B2, or the first switching piece C3, or the first switching piece D4 respectively. In this way, the accuracy and stability of the connection between the first shift sleeve 62 and different first switching pieces when switching the power path are ensured, unnecessary energy loss in the power transmission process is reduced, and the transmission efficiency is improved.

[0049] As shown in Figure 1 , the driving structure 20 further comprises a second switching assembly; the second switching assembly comprises a second switching piece a5 and a second switching piece b6, the second switching piece a5 is a first planet carrier shaft of the first planetary gear set 30, and the second switching piece b6 is a second sun gear shaft of the second planetary gear set. In this way, the design of the second switching assembly makes it possible to provide switching of the transmission path between the first planetary gear set 30 and the second planetary gear set, thereby optimizing the path of the power flow, so that the power can be more effectively transmitted from the driving motor 11 to the driving wheel, improving the power transmission efficiency of the entire electric drive axle system.

[0050] As shown in Figure 1 , the driving structure 20 further comprises a third switching assembly; the third switching assembly comprises a third switching piece c7 and a third switching piece d8, the third switching piece c7 is a second ring gear shaft of the second planetary gear set, and the third switching piece d8 is the electric drive axle housing 10. In this way, the third switching assembly can further adjust and optimize the power flow path from the second planetary gear set to the third planetary gear set 50, so that the electric drive axle can more efficiently and flexibly distribute power under different driving conditions and loads, improving the efficiency of power transmission.

[0051] Specifically, the second shift assembly 70 comprises a second motor 71 and a second shift sleeve 72, the second shift sleeve 72 is connected with the output end of the second motor 71, and two second connecting portions 720 are provided on the second shift sleeve 72 respectively, so that the second motor 71 drives the second shift sleeve 72 to drive the two second connecting portions 720 to be connected with the corresponding two connecting portions of the second switching piece a5, the second switching piece b6 and the third switching piece c7 respectively. In this way, through the accurate connection and switching between the second shift sleeve 72 and the second switching piece a5, the second switching piece b6 and the third switching piece c7, different power transmission paths are formed between the first planetary gear set 30, the second planetary gear set and the third planetary gear set 50, so as to ensure that the electric drive axle can quickly and accurately adjust the power flow path under different driving conditions and load requirements, improve the power transmission efficiency, and enhance the flexibility of the gear and the redundancy of the system, and also simplify the maintenance.

[0052] Specifically, the third shift assembly 80 includes a third motor 81 and a third shift sleeve 82 connected with the output end of the third motor 81, and two third connecting portions 820 are arranged on the third shift sleeve 82, so that the third motor 81 drives the third shift sleeve 82 to drive the two third connecting portions 820 to be connected with the corresponding two switching pieces of the second switching piece a5, the third switching piece c7 and the third switching piece d8 respectively. In this way, by connecting the two third connecting portions 820 of the third shift sleeve 82 with the corresponding two switching pieces, the combination possibility of the electric drive axle gear is increased, so that the vehicle can find the most suitable power output mode in a wider gear selection, so that the electric drive axle can realize different speed ratio power transmission paths, thereby reducing the performance requirements and design of the driving motor 11, and improving the driving efficiency while ensuring the vehicle power performance.

[0053] According to the architecture design of the present application, different gear functions are implemented as follows:

[0054]

[0055] In first gear, the first shift sleeve 62 is in the neutral position connected with the electric drive axle housing 10, the two second connecting portions 720 of the second shift sleeve 72 interlock the second switching piece a5 and the second switching piece b6, that is, the second switching piece a5 and the second switching piece b6 are synchronous in speed, the driving motor 11 outputs power through the first planetary gear set 30 for deceleration, and the power is output to the second sun gear shaft from the first planet carrier shaft. The third shift sleeve 82 interlocks the third switching piece c and the third switching piece d8, that is, the second ring gear shaft is connected with the electric drive axle housing 10 to realize fixation, the second planet carrier shaft is used as an output to transmit power to the third sun gear shaft, and after deceleration by the third planetary gear set 50, the power is output to the differential 90 from the third planet carrier shaft, and then transmitted to the left and right half shafts and finally to the left and right wheels, thereby completing the power flow transmission in first gear.

[0056] In second gear, the first shift sleeve 62 interlocks the first switching piece A1 and the first switching piece C3, and the second sun gear shaft is fixedly connected with the electric drive axle housing 10. In this gear, the second shift sleeve 72 and the third shift sleeve 82 are simultaneously moved towards the middle shaft (the second shift sleeve 72 moves to the right and the third shift sleeve 82 moves to the left), and the two shift sleeves are interlocked in series through a special structure, at this time, the two shift sleeves are equivalent in function and interlock the second switching piece a5 and the third switching piece c7, the first planet carrier shaft outputs power to the second ring gear shaft, the second sun gear shaft is fixed, and the second planet carrier shaft outputs power to the third sun gear shaft. After deceleration by the third planetary gear set 50, the power is output to the differential 90 from the third planet carrier shaft, and then transmitted to the left and right half shafts and finally to the left and right wheels, thereby completing the power flow transmission in second gear.

[0057] In the third gear position, the first shift sleeve 62 is fixedly connected to the first switching element C3 and the first switching element D4, and the driving motor 11 simultaneously outputs power to the first sun shaft and the second sun shaft. At the same time, the second shift sleeve 72 and the third shift sleeve 82 are connected in series, and the second switching element a5 and the third switching element c7 are still interlocked, and the first carrier shaft serves as the input of the second ring shaft. At this time, the second planetary gear set has two power inputs: the second sun shaft and the second ring shaft; and the second carrier shaft as the output. In this case, through the combination of interlocking and power coupling of different switching elements, the first planetary gear set 30 and the second planetary gear set are interconnected to realize single speed ratio output. Finally, the power is output to the third planetary gear set 50 through the second carrier shaft and then transmitted to the left drive wheel 21 and the right drive wheel 22.

[0058] In the fourth gear position, the first shift sleeve 62 is fixedly connected to the first switching element B2 and the first switching element D4, and the second shift sleeve 72 and the third shift sleeve 82 are both in the neutral position. At this time, the first planetary gear set 30 and the second planetary gear set do not participate in the power flow transmission, and the driving motor 11 directly outputs power to the third sun shaft. After being decelerated by the third planetary gear set 50, the power is output to the differential 90 through the third carrier shaft and then transmitted to the left drive wheel 21 and the right drive wheel 22.

[0059] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 The inner surface of the second shift sleeve 72 at the two second connecting portions 720 is provided with first spline teeth 721, respectively, for corresponding engagement with the first outer spline on the second switching element a5 and the second switching element b6. In this way, the two first spline teeth 721 of the second shift sleeve 72 can accurately engage with the first outer spline on the second switching element a5 and b, providing multiple contact points and enhancing the stability and reliability of the connection. Even in high-torque output or high-speed operation environments, it can maintain good power transmission effect and reduce the risk of power interruption, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of power transmission. Compared with other mechanical connection methods (such as flat key connection), it has better axial positioning and torque transmission capability, can realize smooth and impact-free gear shifting operation, improves the gear shifting smoothness, reduces the wear of mechanical parts during gear shifting, and prolongs the service life of the electric drive axle.

[0060] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the third shift sleeve 82 is provided with second spline teeth 821 on the inner surfaces of the two third connecting portions 820 respectively, for meshing connection with the second external spline on the third shift member c7 and the third shift member d8 respectively. In this way, through the meshing connection of the second spline teeth 821 with the second external spline on the third shift member c7 and the third shift member d8, a more stable connection is provided, which can withstand high torque output, ensuring the stability and reliability of power transmission under complex working conditions. Moreover, the spline connection provides good coaxiality and contact surface, which can effectively reduce energy loss, impact and vibration during power transmission, improve the smoothness of shifting, and make it easier to replace or adjust the sleeve, reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0061] In the present embodiment, when the two second connecting portions 720 of the second shift sleeve 72 and the two third connecting portions 820 of the third shift sleeve 82 are both used for corresponding connection with the second shift member a5 and the third shift member c7 respectively, one second connecting portion 720 of the second shift sleeve 72 is connected with one third connecting portion 820 of the third shift sleeve 82 in cooperation, and the other second connecting portion 720 of the second shift sleeve 72 and the other third connecting portion 820 of the third shift sleeve 82 are connected with the second shift member a5 and the third shift member c7 respectively. In this way, the second shift assembly 70 and the third shift assembly 80 can be shifted simultaneously or independently to interlock the second shift sleeve 72 and the third shift sleeve 82 to rotate at the same speed as the shift members engaged with them when the second and third gears are engaged, at which time the two shift assemblies are functionally equivalent to a new shift assembly, thereby realizing the second and third gear engagement scheme; when the first and fourth gears are engaged, the second shift sleeve 72 and the third shift sleeve 82 work independently, thereby realizing the first and fourth gear functions. At the same time, the above arrangement can achieve a compact spatial layout, improve the integration of the electric drive axle, and help optimize the internal structure of the vehicle.

[0062] Specifically, the first end tooth 722 is provided on one second connecting portion 720 of the second shift sleeve 72, and the second end tooth 822 is provided on one third connecting portion 820 of the third shift sleeve 82, and the first end tooth 722 and the second end tooth 822 are meshingly connected with each other. In this way, through the cooperation of the end teeth, the precise positioning of the second shift sleeve 72 and the third shift sleeve 82 in the interlocked state is ensured, thereby controlling the switching of the power path, so that the electric drive axle can efficiently and accurately respond to driving needs and select the most suitable gear. Moreover, efficient power path switching can be achieved in a limited space, which helps to improve the integration of the electric drive axle assembly and optimize vehicle design.

[0063] In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the second shift sleeve 72 is provided with a second shift member a5 on one second connecting portion 720, and the third shift sleeve 82 is provided with a third shift member c7 on one third connecting portion 820. The second shift member a5 and the third shift member c7 are meshingly connected with each other. In this way, the second shift member a5 and the third shift member c7 are meshingly connected with each other, and the second shift sleeve 72 and the third shift sleeve 82 are interlocked to rotate at the same speed as the shift members engaged with them, thereby realizing the second and third gear engagement scheme. Figure 5As shown, the second shift sleeve 72 and the third shift sleeve 82 are respectively shown in two working states of independent work and interlocking power coupling in series. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0064] When the second motor 71 engages the second shift sleeve 72 with the second switching piece a5 and the second switching piece b6, and the third motor 81 engages the third shift sleeve 82 with the third switching piece c7 and the third switching piece d, the architecture first gear function can be realized, which is shown in detail in the first drawing of Figure 5 ;

[0065] When the second motor 71 engages the second shift sleeve 72 with the second switching piece a5 and disengages the second switching piece b6, the third motor 81 engages the third shift sleeve 82 with the third switching piece c7 and disengages the third switching piece d8, and the second shift sleeve 72 and the third shift sleeve 82 are combined to realize power coupling through the end teeth respectively located at the end portions thereof, the architecture second gear and third gear functions are realized, which is shown in detail in the second drawing of Figure 5 ;

[0066] When the second motor 71 disengages the second shift sleeve 72 from the second switching piece a5 and the second switching piece b6, and the third motor 81 disengages the third shift sleeve 82 from the third switching piece c7 and the third switching piece d8, the second shift assembly 70 and the third shift assembly 80 are both in the neutral position, and the architecture fourth gear function is realized, which is shown in detail in the third drawing of Figure 5 ;

[0067] When the second motor 71 engages the second shift sleeve 72 with the second switching piece a5 and the second switching piece b6, and the third motor 81 engages the third shift sleeve 82 with the third switching piece c7 and disengages the third switching piece d8, the second shift sleeve 72 and the third shift sleeve 82 are also combined to realize power coupling through the end teeth respectively located at the end portions thereof, and the fifth gear function can be realized, and the second planetary gear train has a system speed ratio of 1, which is shown in detail in the fourth drawing of Figure 5 .

[0068] In the second embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 6 , the original second switching piece b6 is arranged in the first switching assembly, and one shift assembly is reduced, and four gear functions can also be realized, and the speed ratio of each gear is unchanged, and the arrangement space and design cost are optimized compared with the first embodiment.

[0069] In the third embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 7As shown, the original second switching element b6 is cancelled, and the fourth gear in the first embodiment is cancelled, and only the first three gears are reserved. It can be seen that the overall gear shifting structure is more simplified in design and has lower cost. Although the three-gear structure has some slight disadvantages in vehicle economy compared with the four-gear structure, it can reduce the design cost and well balance the design cost and use cost. Moreover, the three-gear structure can also make up for the slight disadvantage in economy through the optimization of gear shifting strategy.

[0070] Specifically, the electric drive axle structure further comprises a differential 90, the differential 90 is arranged in the electric drive axle housing 10, the third planet carrier shaft of the third planetary gear set 50 is connected with the differential 90, and the differential 90 is connected with the left drive wheel 21 and the right drive wheel 22 through two half shafts respectively, so that the power output by the two third planetary gear sets 50 is respectively transmitted to the left drive wheel 21 and the right drive wheel 22 after being decelerated by the differential 90. In this way, through the arrangement of the differential 90, the power distribution can be automatically adjusted according to the different speed requirements of the left and right wheels when the vehicle turns, the balance of the two-wheel power is ensured, the wheels are prevented from slipping when turning, and the controllability and safety of the vehicle are improved. At the same time, the differential 90 not only distributes power, but also has the effect of deceleration and torque increase. It can further decelerate the power output by the third planetary gear set 50, thereby greatly increasing the torque transmitted to the left and right drive wheels 22, and meeting the demand of heavy vehicle for large torque output.

[0071] In the embodiment, the first planetary gear set 30 comprises a first ring gear 31, a first planet gear 32, a first planet carrier 33 and a first sun gear 34; the first ring gear 31 is connected with a first ring gear shaft, and the first ring gear shaft is connected with the electric drive axle housing 10; the first planet gear 32 is in meshing connection with the first ring gear 31; the first planet gear 32 is arranged on the first planet carrier 33, the first planet carrier 33 is provided with a first planet carrier shaft, and the first planet carrier shaft is used for connecting with the second gear shifting assembly 70; the first sun gear 34 is in meshing connection with the first planet gear 32, the first sun gear 34 is provided with a first sun gear shaft, and the first sun gear shaft is connected with the output end of the drive motor 11 and used for connecting with the first gear shifting assembly 60. Through the above arrangement, the first sun gear 34 is directly connected with the output end of the drive motor 11 through the first sun gear shaft, as a power input point, and can efficiently transmit the torque of the motor to the first planetary gear set 30. The arrangement of the first planet carrier 33 and the first planet gear 32 enables the power to be further distributed to the subsequent planetary gear set assembly, thereby realizing the preliminary distribution and speed ratio adjustment of the power. Furthermore, in the electric drive axle, the first planetary gear set 30 can adjust the speed ratio of the planetary gear according to different driving conditions and requirements through the control of the first gear shifting assembly 60, thereby optimizing the balance between power output and energy consumption.

[0072] In the present embodiment, the second planetary gear set includes a second ring gear 41, a second planet gear 42, a second carrier 43, and a second sun gear 44; the second ring gear 41 is connected with a second ring gear shaft, which is used to connect with the third shift assembly 80; the second planet gear 42 is in meshing connection with the second ring gear 41; the second planet gear 42 is arranged on the second carrier 43, and the second carrier 43 is provided with a second carrier shaft, which is connected with the third sun gear shaft of the third planetary gear set 50; the second sun gear 44 is in meshing connection with the second planet gear 42, and the second sun gear 44 is provided with a second sun gear shaft, which is used to connect with the first shift assembly 60. The above arrangement expands the power transmission path through the connection of the first planetary gear set 30 and the third planetary gear set 50, so that the electric drive axle can form a more complex power flow, enhancing the power distribution capability and flexibility of gear selection of the system. Moreover, through the joint action of the three planetary gear sets, a variety of speed ratio adjustments can be realized, and according to the driving conditions and needs of the vehicle, the second planetary gear set can provide additional torque amplification through the control of the second shift assembly 70 to adapt to the high torque demand under heavy vehicles or complex road conditions. Not only does it expand the power transmission path of the electric drive axle, enhance the torque amplification and speed ratio adjustment capability, but also improve the integration, efficiency and intelligent level of the system.

[0073] In the present embodiment, the third planetary gear set 50 includes a third ring gear 51, a third planet gear 52, a third carrier 53, and a third sun gear 54; the third ring gear 51 is connected with a third ring gear shaft, which is connected with the electric drive axle housing 10; the third planet gear 52 is in meshing connection with the third ring gear 51; the third planet gear 52 is arranged on the third carrier 53, and the third carrier 53 is provided with a third carrier shaft; the third sun gear 54 is in meshing connection with the third planet gear 52, and the third sun gear 54 is provided with a third sun gear shaft, which is used to connect with the first shift assembly 60. The above arrangement, through the combined use of the first planetary gear set 30 and the second planetary gear set, can realize a more complex power flow path, provide additional torque amplification and more precise speed ratio adjustment, thereby optimizing the power output of the vehicle under different driving conditions. And the power output from the third planetary gear set 50 can be smoothly distributed to the left and right drive wheels 22 through the differential 90, improving the power distribution flexibility and driving stability of the vehicle under turning or different road conditions. Not only does it enhance the power transmission capability and torque amplification of the electric drive axle, but also optimizes the power distribution, improves the system efficiency and intelligent level.

[0074] The utility model discloses technical scheme's another aspect provides a kind of vehicle, including the electric drive axle structure mentioned above. Thus, since electric drive axle structure adopts the complex power flow path of three planetary rows and three shift components, vehicle can automatically adjust speed ratio according to driving condition, provide high-torque output, especially in heavy vehicle or complex road conditions, can significantly improve the traction and climbing ability of vehicle. And, the optimized design of electric drive axle structure can realize low loss in power transmission process, improve energy conversion efficiency, combined with intelligent shift strategy, vehicle can maintain higher energy utilization efficiency under various driving conditions, to reduce fuel consumption or power consumption, extend driving distance. Meanwhile, the compact design of electric drive axle structure reduces the occupied space, is conducive to the lightweight and space optimization of vehicle chassis, has positive influence on improving the dynamic performance and energy saving and consumption reduction of vehicle.

[0075] From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the utility model realize the following technical effects:

[0076] The electric drive axle structure includes an electric drive axle housing 10 and a drive structure 20 arranged therein, the drive structure 20 is used for corresponding connection with a left drive wheel 21 and a right drive wheel 22 of the vehicle respectively, the drive structure 20 includes a first planetary row 30, a second planetary row, a third planetary row 50, a first shift component 60, a second shift component 70, a third shift component 80, and a drive motor 11; the first planetary row 30, the second planetary row, and the third planetary row 50 are connected with each other through the first shift component 60, the second shift component 70, and the third shift component 80 respectively, so that four gear position connections are formed between the first planetary row 30, the second planetary row, and the third planetary row 50; the output end of the drive motor 11 is connected with the first planetary row 30, so as to input power to the first planetary row 30 and output power to the left drive wheel 21 and the right drive wheel 22 in turn through the second planetary row and the third planetary row 50. In this way, through the cooperation of the first shift component 60, the second shift component 70, and the third shift component 80, four gear position connections can be formed between the three planetary rows, so that the electric drive axle can provide greater torque and a wider power output range, especially in heavy vehicle applications, the power performance and economy can be better balanced, the requirement for motor performance is reduced, so that more flexible and efficient power transmission is provided for the vehicle under different working conditions, to meet the demand for large output torque of the wheel end of heavy commercial vehicle, and thus the problem that the electric drive axle structure in the prior art is difficult to meet the demand for large output torque of the wheel end of heavy vehicle is solved. Moreover, through the compact design of the electric drive axle structure, the integration degree is improved, so that the entire drive system is more compact, and the power flow path is optimized, the power density is improved, so that the heavy vehicle can realize powerful power output in limited space.

[0077] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0078] The relative arrangement of parts and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in the examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present application unless otherwise specifically stated. It is to be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale of the various parts shown in the drawings. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill are not discussed in detail because they would be understood that such techniques, methods, and apparatus are considered part of the art. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values are to be interpreted as merely illustrative and not limiting. Thus, other examples of example embodiments can have different values. It is noted that like numbers and letters on the figures identify like parts throughout the several views, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it is not necessary to discuss it further in connection with other figures where it is understood that the item will be similarly constructed and function in the same manner.

[0079] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" and the like indicated orientation or position relationship is usually based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, without making the opposite statement, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the contour of each component.

[0080] For purposes of the description hereinafter, spatial relative terms, such as "above", "below", "upper", "lower", and the like, can be used to describe the relative position of one element or feature to another as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientations depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "up" other elements or features would then be oriented "below" or "down" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device can be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly. Well, the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientations depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "up" other elements or features would then be oriented "below" or "down" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device can be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

[0081] In addition, it needs to be explained that the use of "first", "second" and the like words to limit the parts, only for the convenience of the corresponding parts for the distinction, such as no other declaration, the above words have no special meaning, therefore can not be understood as the restriction of the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0082] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric drive axle structure comprising an electric drive axle housing (10) and a drive structure (20) disposed therein, the drive structure (20) being configured to be connected to left and right drive wheels (21, 22) of a vehicle, respectively, characterized in that, The drive structure (20) comprises: A first planetary gear set (30), a second planetary gear set (40) and a third planetary gear set (50); A first shift assembly (60), a second shift assembly (70) and a third shift assembly (80), the first planetary gear set (30), the second planetary gear set (40) and the third planetary gear set (50) are connected to each other through the first shift assembly (60), the second shift assembly (70) and the third shift assembly (80) respectively, so that four gear connections are formed between the first planetary gear set (30), the second planetary gear set (40) and the third planetary gear set (50); A drive motor (11), the output end of the drive motor (11) is connected with the first planetary gear set (30) for inputting power to the first planetary gear set (30) and outputting power to the left drive wheel (21) and the right drive wheel (22) through the second planetary gear set (40) and the third planetary gear set (50) in turn.

2. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The drive structure (20) further comprises: A first switching assembly, comprising a first switching piece A (1), a first switching piece B (2), a first switching piece C (3) and a first switching piece D (4), the first switching piece A (1) is the electric drive axle housing (10), the first switching piece B (2) is the third sun gear shaft of the third planetary gear set (50), the first switching piece C (3) is the second sun gear shaft of the second planetary gear set (40), and the first switching piece D (4) is the first sun gear shaft of the first planetary gear set (30).

3. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 2, characterized in that The first shift assembly (60) comprises: A first motor (61); A first shift sleeve (62) connected with the output end of the first motor (61), two first connecting parts (620) are respectively arranged on the first shift sleeve (62), so that the first motor (61) drives the first shift sleeve (62) to drive the two first connecting parts (620) to be connected with the corresponding two connecting parts of the first switching piece A (1), the first switching piece B (2), the first switching piece C (3) and the first switching piece D (4).

4. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive structure (20) further comprises: A second switching assembly, comprising a second switching piece a (5) and a second switching piece b (6), the second switching piece a (5) is the first carrier shaft of the first planetary gear set (30), and the second switching piece b (6) is the second sun gear shaft of the second planetary gear set (40).

5. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 4, characterized in that The drive structure (20) further comprises: A third switching assembly, comprising a third switching piece c (7) and a third switching piece d (8), the third switching piece c (7) is the second ring gear shaft of the second planetary gear set (40), and the third switching piece d (8) is the electric drive axle housing (10).

6. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 5, characterized in that The second shift assembly (70) comprises: A second motor (71); A second shift sleeve (72) is connected with the output end of the second motor (71), two second connecting portions (720) are arranged on the second shift sleeve (72) respectively, so that the second motor (71) drives the second shift sleeve (72) to drive the two second connecting portions (720) to be connected with the corresponding two of the second switching piece a (5), the second switching piece b (6) and the third switching piece c (7).

7. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 6, characterized in that The third shift assembly (80) comprises: A third motor (81); A third shift sleeve (82) is connected with the output end of the third motor (81), two third connecting portions (820) are arranged on the third shift sleeve (82) respectively, so that the third motor (81) drives the third shift sleeve (82) to drive the two third connecting portions (820) to be connected with the corresponding two of the second switching piece a (5), the third switching piece c (7) and the third switching piece d (8).

8. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 7, characterized in that The inner surface of the second shift sleeve (72) at the two second connecting portions (720) is respectively provided with a first spline tooth (721) for being connected with the first outer spline on the second switching piece a (5) and the second switching piece b (6) respectively; and / or, The inner surface of the third shift sleeve (82) at the two third connecting portions (820) is respectively provided with a second spline tooth (821) for being connected with the second outer spline on the third switching piece c (7) and the third switching piece d (8) respectively.

9. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 7, characterized in that When the two second connecting portions (720) of the second shift sleeve (72) and the two third connecting portions (820) of the third shift sleeve (82) are respectively connected with the second switching piece a (5) and the third switching piece c (7), one of the second connecting portions (720) of the second shift sleeve (72) and one of the third connecting portions (820) of the third shift sleeve (82) are connected with each other, and the other of the second connecting portions (720) of the second shift sleeve (72) and the other of the third connecting portions (820) of the third shift sleeve (82) are connected with the second switching piece a (5) and the third switching piece c (7) respectively.

10. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 8, characterized in that The first end tooth (722) is arranged on one of the second connecting portions (720) of the second shift sleeve (72), the second end tooth (822) is arranged on one of the third connecting portions (820) of the third shift sleeve (82), and the first end tooth (722) and the second end tooth (822) are connected with each other.

11. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric drive axle structure further comprises: A differential (90) is arranged in the electric drive axle housing (10), a third planet carrier shaft of the third planetary gear set (50) is connected with the differential (90), and the differential (90) is connected with the left drive wheel (21) and the right drive wheel (22) through two half shafts respectively, so that the power output by the two third planetary gear sets (50) is respectively transmitted to the left drive wheel (21) and the right drive wheel (22) after being decelerated by the differential (90).

12. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first planetary gear set (30) comprises: A first ring gear (31) connected with a first ring gear shaft (310), wherein the first ring gear shaft (310) is connected with the electric drive axle housing (10); A first planet gear (32) meshingly connected with the first ring gear (31); A first planet carrier (33), wherein the first planet gear (32) is arranged on the first planet carrier (33), a first planet carrier shaft is arranged on the first planet carrier (33), and the first planet carrier shaft is used for being connected with the second gear shifting assembly (70); A first sun gear (34) meshingly connected with the first planet gear (32), wherein a first sun gear shaft is arranged on the first sun gear (34), the first sun gear shaft is connected with an output end of the drive motor (11), and is used for being connected with the first gear shifting assembly (60).

13. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second planetary gear set (40) comprises: A second ring gear (41) connected with a second ring gear shaft, wherein the second ring gear shaft is used for being connected with the third gear shifting assembly (80); A second planet gear (42) meshingly connected with the second ring gear (41); A second planet carrier (43), wherein the second planet gear (42) is arranged on the second planet carrier (43), a second planet carrier shaft is arranged on the second planet carrier (43), and the second planet carrier shaft is connected with a third sun gear shaft of the third planetary gear set (50); A second sun gear (44) meshingly connected with the second planet gear (42), wherein a second sun gear shaft is arranged on the second sun gear (44), and the second sun gear shaft is used for being connected with the first gear shifting assembly (60).

14. The electric drive axle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third planetary gear set (50) comprises: A third ring gear (51) connected with a third ring gear shaft, wherein the third ring gear shaft is connected with the electric drive axle housing (10); A third planet gear (52) meshingly connected with the third ring gear (51); A third planet carrier (53), wherein the third planet gear (52) is arranged on the third planet carrier (53), and a third planet carrier shaft is arranged on the third planet carrier (53); A third sun gear (54) meshingly connected with the third planet gear (52), wherein a third sun gear shaft is arranged on the third sun gear (54), and the third sun gear shaft is used for being connected with the first gear shifting assembly (60).

15. A vehicle comprising an electric drive axle arrangement, characterized in that The electric drive axle structure is the electric drive axle structure according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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