Sorting bed with screen and wind power coal separator applying same
By installing a screen on the sorting bed of the wind-powered coal preparation machine and combining it with an independent air supply device and a stepped bed surface design, the problem of separating small-particle gangue from clean coal has been solved, thereby improving the quality of clean coal and simplifying the adjustment of airflow.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423294915.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-31
AI Technical Summary
In the multi-stage separation process, existing wind-powered coal preparation machines have the problem of difficulty in effectively separating small-particle gangue from clean coal, resulting in a decline in the quality of clean coal.
A screen structure is installed on the third sub-bed surface of the sorting bed, combined with an independent air supply device and a stepped bed surface design. Small particles of gangue are screened through the screen, and gangue and clean coal are separated by vibration and air force.
It achieves effective separation of small-particle gangue and clean coal, improves the quality of clean coal products, adapts to the sorting requirements of materials of different specifications, and simplifies the wind power adjustment process.
Smart Images
Figure CN223818833U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a coal preparation machine separation bed, specifically a separation bed with a screen, and also to a wind-powered coal preparation machine using the separation bed. Background Technology
[0002] Dry coal preparation is a method that uses air instead of water as the separating medium. Air-powered coal preparers are a type of equipment that applies dry coal preparation. Due to their relatively small footprint, strong adaptability, and low requirements for the production environment, air-powered coal preparers have been widely used in the coal industry. Existing air-powered coal preparers have several ventilation holes distributed on the surface of the separating bed. An air chamber is located below the bed surface. Air supplied by a blower applies air force to the material through the ventilation holes. Coal lumps and denser gangue in the material are separated under the combined action of the vibration force of the vibrating motor and the air force. During the material movement, the gangue is gradually discharged, ultimately yielding clean coal.
[0003] In existing technologies, in order to better separate gangue and clean coal and improve the screening quality of clean coal, the sorting bed is designed as a multi-stage sorting bed containing multiple sub-sorting beds. That is, the sorting bed is lengthened, and the difference between each sub-sorting bed is that it has ventilation holes with different opening ratios, so as to further achieve the screening of clean coal. However, the following problems still exist in the traditional multi-stage sorting bed coal preparation process: After multi-stage sorting, large-particle gangue has been basically discharged in the previous sorting process. Since the density of clean coal is less than that of gangue, there are small-particle gangue with a mass close to that of smaller pieces of clean coal in the sub-sorting bed near the outlet. When the air force on the sub-sorting bed is low, the lower gangue layer formed in the material layer will contain smaller pieces of clean coal with a mass close to that of small-particle gangue. These clean coal pieces will be discharged from the gangue outlet along with the gangue, resulting in waste. When the air force is increased to make the air force stronger, although it is beneficial for the smaller pieces of clean coal to float to the upper part of the material layer and be discharged from the outlet in time, at this time the small-particle gangue will also be blown to the upper clean coal layer by the upward air force, resulting in a large amount of small-particle gangue mixed in with the finished clean coal, reducing the quality of the clean coal. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in the existing technology, this utility model aims to provide a coal preparation machine separation bed with a screen structure, so as to discharge small particles of gangue and improve the quality of clean coal products.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A sorting bed with a screen includes a bed body and a bed surface installed inside the bed body. Several ventilation holes are opened on the bed surface. The bed surface includes a first sub-bed surface, a second sub-bed surface, and a third sub-bed surface arranged sequentially from back to front along the material conveying direction. A clean coal baffle is provided at the front end of each sub-bed surface, and a downward-opening gangue discharge outlet is provided at the rear end of each sub-bed surface for discharging gangue. A gangue baffle is provided at the gangue discharge outlet, and a material discharge baffle that covers the gangue discharge outlet and extends forward is provided above the gangue discharge outlet. The width of the material discharge baffle is the same as the width of the bed body. A rectangular screen is fixedly connected to the front end of the material discharge baffle on the third sub-bed surface. The width of the screen is the same as the width of the bed body, and the screen has screen holes.
[0006] As a limitation of this utility model: the surface of the screen is parallel to the surface of the third sub-bed, the height of the screen from the surface of the third sub-bed is 8-15 cm, and the length of the screen in the material conveying direction is 20-60 cm.
[0007] As a limitation of this utility model: the screen holes are elongated slit-type screen holes opened along the material conveying direction, and the slit width of the slit-type screen holes is 2 to 3 cm.
[0008] As a limitation of this utility model: the material discharge baffle is inclined, and the end of the material discharge baffle that extends forward is lower than the other end.
[0009] As a limitation of this utility model: the gangue baffle is perpendicular to the bed surface, the height of the gangue baffle is adjustable, and the height range of the gangue baffle is 0-8 cm.
[0010] As a limitation of this utility model: the diameter of the ventilation holes opened on the first sub-bed surface, the second sub-bed surface, and the third sub-bed surface is the same or gradually decreases in size, and the diameter of the ventilation holes is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than the lower limit of the particle size of the material to be sorted.
[0011] As a limitation of this utility model: the planes on which the first sub-bed surface, the second sub-bed surface, and the third sub-bed surface are located decrease sequentially, and the height difference between each sub-bed surface is 15-25 cm.
[0012] The present invention also provides a wind-powered coal preparation machine, including a frame, a feeding device, a discharging device, a dust removal device, and an air supply device mounted on the frame, and a sorting bed with a screen as described above. The sorting bed is suspended below the frame by a suspension adjustment device and is inclined, with the end where the feeding device is located higher than the end where the discharging device is located. A vibrator is fixedly mounted on the sorting bed, and the bottom of each sub-bed surface of the sorting bed is connected to the air supply device. The dust removal device is mounted above the sorting bed and fixedly connected to the frame.
[0013] As a limitation of this utility model: the first sub-bed surface, the second sub-bed surface, and the third sub-bed surface are each connected to an independently provided air supply device.
[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this utility model compared with the prior art are as follows:
[0015] (1) This utility model adds a screen structure to the third sub-sorting bed near the clean coal outlet end, so that larger pieces of clean coal in the material after multi-stage sorting can pass directly from the top of the screen to the vicinity of the clean coal outlet end and enter the discharge device. Meanwhile, gangue and coal lumps smaller than 2-3 cm will fall below the screen when they reach the screen. The smaller pieces of gangue and coal lumps continue to be stratified under the action of vibration and a small amount of wind force below the screen. Finally, the smaller pieces of clean coal enter the upper layer and move forward to the discharge device, while the denser and heavier small pieces of gangue are discharged from the gangue discharge outlet. This achieves the purpose of separating small pieces of gangue and avoids the phenomenon in the prior art where clean coal lumps are discharged from the gangue outlet due to low wind force or a large amount of small pieces of gangue are mixed into the finished clean coal due to high wind force. In addition, the structure of the screen holes, the opening rate and the screen coverage area can be set according to the specific conditions of the material to meet the sorting of materials of various specifications.
[0016] (2) The material discharge baffle of this utility model is inclined so that the material can enter the next sub-bed surface more quickly; in order to facilitate the replacement of the bed surface, a rotating shaft is also provided at the connection between the material discharge baffle and the clean coal baffle so that the material discharge baffle can be tilted upward along the rotation direction of the rotating shaft until it is completely exposed on the bed surface.
[0017] (3) The height of the gangue baffle of this utility model is adjustable. By adjusting its height, the thickness of the material on the bed surface near the gangue discharge outlet can be controlled to adapt to the screening of materials of different specifications.
[0018] (4) The planes on which the first sub-bed surface, the second sub-bed surface, and the third sub-bed surface of this utility model are located are successively lowered, that is, there is a height difference between each sub-bed surface, forming a stepped sub-bed surface, so that the material can move better towards the front end of the clean coal outlet.
[0019] (5) Each sub-bed surface of this utility model can be equipped with an independent air supply device to provide different air force to each sub-bed surface. The air force adjustment is no longer achieved by frequently changing the bed surface with different specifications of ventilation holes, which makes the air force adjustment process simple and can meet the layering requirements of different specifications of materials.
[0020] In summary, this utility model has a simple structure and can separate and discharge small-particle gangue from clean coal at the last-stage sorting bed, thereby improving coal preparation quality. It is suitable for sorting coal blocks and gangue of various sizes. Attached Figure Description
[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sorting bed structure in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the screen structure in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of part of the device structure of the wind-powered coal preparation machine in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.
[0025] In the diagram: 1-bed body, 11-first sub-bed surface, 12-second sub-bed surface, 13-third sub-bed surface, 2-clean coal baffle, 3-gangue discharge outlet, 31-gangue baffle, 4-feeding baffle, 5-screen, 51-slotted screen, 6-air supply device, 7-frame, 71-suspension adjustment device, 8-vibrator, 91-feeding device, 92-discharge device. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The preferred embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the sorting bed with screen and the air-powered coal preparation machine using it described herein are preferred embodiments, and are only used for illustration and explanation of this utility model, and do not constitute a limitation on this utility model.
[0027] The directional terms or positional relationships used in this utility model, such as "front," "back," "up," and "down," are based on the positional relationships in the accompanying drawings of this utility model. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation, or that it must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the content protected by this utility model.
[0028] Example 1: A sorting bed with a screen
[0029] This implementation example Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a sorting bed with a screen is provided, including a bed body 1 and a bed surface. The bed body 1 has a rectangular box structure, and the bottom of the bed body 1 is the bed surface. The bed surface includes a first sub-bed surface 11, a second sub-bed surface 12, and a third sub-bed surface 13 arranged sequentially from back to front along the material conveying direction. Several ventilation holes (not shown in the figure) are opened on each bed surface. Specifically, the diameter of the ventilation holes opened on the first sub-bed surface 11, the second sub-bed surface 12, and the third sub-bed surface 13 is the same or gradually decreases. The diameter of the ventilation holes is greater than or equal to 2 mm and is less than the lower limit of the particle size of the material to be sorted in each section. Other technical parameters of the ventilation holes can be achieved by conventional technical means.
[0030] Each sub-bed surface has a clean coal baffle 2 at its front end, which is perpendicular to the material conveying direction and perpendicular to the bed surface. Its left and right ends are fixed to the side walls of the bed body 1. Each sub-bed surface has a downward-opening gangue discharge outlet 3 at its rear end for discharging gangue. A gangue baffle 31 is installed at the gangue discharge outlet 3, perpendicular to the bed surface. The height of the gangue baffle 31 is adjustable, allowing control of the material thickness near the gangue discharge outlet 3 on the bed surface. Specifically, the height of the gangue baffle 31 can be selected from 0 to 8 cm, depending on the characteristics of the material being screened. The space between the clean coal baffle 2 and the gangue baffle 31 forms a material stratification space. In the stratified space, the material is stratified under the action of vibration and wind. The dense and heavy gangue is in the lower layer and contacts the bed surface. Under the action of vibration at a certain angle to the bed surface, the gangue moves upward until it is discharged from the gangue discharge outlet 3. The less dense and lighter coal is in the upper layer and moves downward under the action of the inclined bed body 1, thus realizing the separation of gangue and coal.
[0031] The material to be sorted enters from one end of the first sub-bed surface 11, passes through the second sub-bed surface 12 and the third sub-bed surface 13 in sequence, and finally the sorted clean coal is discharged at the front end of the third sub-bed surface 13. When changing the bed surface during the material's advance, since a waste rock discharge outlet 3 is set at the rear end of each bed surface, in order to prevent the material from being discharged directly from the waste rock discharge outlet 3 when entering the next bed surface and to ensure that the material finally falls in the middle of the bed surface, a material discharge baffle 4 is set above the waste rock discharge outlet 3 to cover the waste rock discharge outlet 3 and extend to the front end. The width of the material discharge baffle 4 is the same as the width of the bed body 1, and a gap is left between the lower part of the forward-extending end of the material discharge baffle 4 and the waste rock baffle 31 for waste rock to enter the waste rock discharge outlet 3. The other end of the material discharge baffle 4 is fixed to the clean coal baffle 2 of the previous level. In order to make the material in operation fall from the upper bed surface to the lower bed surface more quickly, the material drop baffle 4 in this embodiment is inclined, specifically, the end of which extends forward is lower than the other end, and the angle between the material drop baffle 4 and the bed surface is in the range of 5° to 10°.
[0032] In actual production, different opening ratios and different apertures of ventilation holes are required according to different product specifications in order to control the air volume on the bed surface. Therefore, the bed surface needs to be replaced. To make the replacement process convenient, a rotating shaft can be set at the connection between the material discharge baffle 4 and the clean coal baffle 2, so that the material discharge baffle 4 can be tilted upward along the rotation direction of the rotating shaft to fully expose the bed surface and complete the replacement of the bed surface with different ventilation hole specifications.
[0033] In this example, the screen 5 is installed at the front end of the material discharge baffle 4 on the third sub-bed surface 13. Specifically, the screen 5 has a rectangular structure, and the surface of the screen 5 is parallel to the third sub-bed surface 13. The height of the screen 5 from the third sub-bed surface 13 is 8 to 15 cm. The width of the screen 5 is the same as the width of the bed body 1. The length of the screen 5 in the material conveying direction is 20 cm to 60 cm. The length of the screen 5 should be set according to the length of the third sub-separation bed. When the screen 5 is at its longest, its front end can basically completely cover the third sub-separation bed, up to the clean coal baffle 2 of the third sub-separation bed.
[0034] The screen 5 has numerous screen holes. These holes are designed to allow small particles of gangue entering the third sorting bed to fall below the screen 5. For gangue particles smaller than 3 cm, especially 2 cm, the opening rate of the screen holes is 50% or higher. The hole size can be optimized based on the screening requirements, and can be selected as 2 cm to achieve the purpose of screening small gangue particles. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the screen holes on the screen 5 are long, slit-type screen holes 51 along the material conveying direction. The slit width of the slit-type screen hole 51 is 2 cm. Of course, the screen holes can also be set to other shapes such as circles.
[0035] In production, in order to enable the material to move better toward the front end of the clean coal outlet, as shown in Figure 1, the planes on the first sub-bed surface 11, the second sub-bed surface 12, and the third sub-bed surface 13 are successively lowered. Specifically, the height difference between each sub-bed surface is 15 to 25 cm, and can preferably be set to 20 cm.
[0036] Example 2: A wind-powered coal preparation machine
[0037] This implementation example Figure 3 The diagram shows a wind-powered coal preparation machine. The sorting bed is the same as the one with a screen 5 as in Example 1. It also includes a frame 7 (partially shown), a feeding device 91 (partially shown), a discharging device 92 (partially shown), a dust removal device (not shown), and an air supply device 6, all mounted on the frame 7. The sorting bed is suspended below the frame 7 via a suspension adjustment device 71. The sorting bed is tilted, with the end of the feeding device 91 higher than the end of the discharging device 92. The suspension adjustment device 71 and the tilt angle can be achieved using conventional techniques. A vibrator 8 is fixed to the sorting bed, generating vibration. The bottom of each sub-bed surface is connected to the air supply device 6. In this embodiment, to better control the airflow on each bed surface, the first sub-bed surface 11, the second sub-bed surface 12, and the third sub-bed surface 13 are each connected to an independently installed air supply device 6. The air supply device 6 can provide continuous or pulsating airflow at different speeds. The dust removal device is located above the sorting bed and is fixedly connected to the frame 7. The aforementioned feeding device 91, discharging device 92, dust removal device, and air supply device 6 can all be implemented using existing technologies.
[0038] In this embodiment, the coal minerals to be sorted enter the first sub-bed 11 from the feeding device 91, and the discharge baffle 4 allows the material to flow directly into the middle space of the first sorting bed. Under the action of vibration and wind, the material reaches a fluidized and loose state. The dense and heavy gangue gradually sinks to the bottom of the material layer and contacts the bed surface. Under the action of the vibration of the vibrator 8, it moves towards the higher rear of the sorting bed and is then discharged from the gangue discharge outlet 3. At this time, the less dense material gradually floats to the upper part of the material layer under the action of upward wind and mutual compression between materials. Under the combined action of gravity and the tilt angle of the sorting bed, it moves towards the lower front of the sorting bed and enters the second sub-bed 12. The second sub-bed 12 continues to screen the material. When the material enters the third sub-bed surface 13, it consists of clean coal and small-particle gangue. Large-particle gangue has been largely discharged. The airflow at the third sub-bed surface 13 can be set to a lower value. Gangue and coal lumps smaller than 2 cm in diameter will fall below the screen 5 after passing through the discharge baffle 4. The clean coal moves through the screen 5 to the clean coal baffle 2 and finally falls into the discharge device 92. The clean coal and small-particle gangue below the screen 5 continue to separate under the action of vibration and airflow. Finally, the small-particle gangue is discharged from the gangue discharge outlet 3, and the small-particle coal lumps fall into the discharge device 92 from the front clean coal baffle 2. During this process, the air supply device 6 provides different levels of airflow to each sub-bed surface. Generally, to remove large-particle gangue, the airflow is stronger at the first sub-bed surface 11 and the second sub-bed surface 12, while the airflow is weaker at the third sub-bed surface 13 to better separate small-particle gangue.
Claims
1. A sorting bed with a screen, comprising a bed body and a bed surface installed within the bed body, wherein the bed surface has a plurality of ventilation holes, characterized in that: The bed surface includes a first sub-bed surface, a second sub-bed surface, and a third sub-bed surface arranged sequentially from back to front along the material conveying direction. A clean coal baffle is provided at the front end of each sub-bed surface, and a downward-opening gangue discharge outlet is provided at the rear end of each sub-bed surface for discharging gangue. A gangue baffle is provided at the gangue discharge outlet, and a material discharge baffle that covers the gangue discharge outlet and extends forward is provided above the gangue discharge outlet. The width of the material discharge baffle is the same as the width of the bed body. A rectangular screen is fixed to the front end of the material discharge baffle on the third sub-bed surface. The width of the screen is the same as the width of the bed body, and the screen has screen holes.
2. A sorting bed with a screen according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen surface is parallel to the third sub-bed surface, the height of the screen from the third sub-bed surface is 8-15 cm, and the length of the screen in the material conveying direction is 20-60 cm.
3. A sorting bed with a screen according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screen holes are elongated, slit-type screen holes opened along the material conveying direction, and the slit width of the slit-type screen holes is 2 to 3 cm.
4. A sorting bed with a screen according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The material discharge baffle is inclined, with one end of the material discharge baffle extending forward being lower than the other end.
5. A sorting bed with a screen according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gangue baffle is perpendicular to the bed surface, and the height of the gangue baffle is adjustable, ranging from 0 to 8 cm.
6. A sorting bed with a screen according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ventilation holes on the first, second, and third sub-bed surfaces have the same or gradually decreasing diameter, and the diameter of the ventilation holes is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than the lower limit of the particle size of the material to be sorted.
7. A sorting bed with a screen according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6, characterized in that: The planes on which the first sub-bed surface, the second sub-bed surface, and the third sub-bed surface are located decrease sequentially, with a height difference of 15 to 25 cm between each sub-bed surface.
8. A wind-powered coal preparation machine, comprising a frame, a feeding device, a discharging device, a dust removal device, and an air supply device mounted on the frame, characterized in that: It also includes a sorting bed with a screen as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the sorting bed is suspended below the frame by a suspension adjustment device, the sorting bed is inclined and the end where the feeding device is located is higher than the end where the discharging device is located; a vibrator is fixed on the sorting bed, the bottom of each sub-bed surface of the sorting bed is connected to an air supply device, and a dust removal device is set above the sorting bed and fixed to the frame.
9. A wind-powered coal preparation machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first sub-bed surface, the second sub-bed surface, and the third sub-bed surface are each connected to an independently installed air supply device.