Opposite-fed waveguide antenna array unit and waveguide antenna array

Abstract

The utility model discloses an opposite-feed waveguide antenna array unit and a waveguide antenna array. The opposite-feed waveguide antenna array unit comprises a 180-degree E-plane power divider, a first E-plane feeder line, a second E-plane feeder line, a first E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter, a second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter, an H-plane waveguide and a radiation slot array. The differential feed and equal feed scheme has the advantages of wide working bandwidth, symmetrical directional diagrams, flexible change of physical aperture of the antenna and the like, the problem of more pain points can be solved, a feed network for feed is more compact by optimizing impedance matching, the scheme has a larger application scene, and in the aspect of implementation, the antenna can be widely applied to the field of wireless communication. The antenna can be realized by welding after two layers of injection molding parts are metalized, and can also be realized by metalizing the same layer of injection molding parts and one layer of thin copper sheet, so that the thickness of the antenna can be obviously reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of antenna array unit and waveguide antenna array, especially a kind of to feed waveguide antenna array unit and waveguide antenna array, belong to antenna technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] Waveguide antenna is a kind of antenna type using waveguide structure to transmit and radiate electromagnetic wave. Waveguide, as a kind of structure guiding electromagnetic wave, its internal filling medium is usually air or vacuum, and can be other dielectric. Waveguide antenna usually has higher directivity and gain, so it has been widely used in radar, satellite communication, microwave measurement and radio broadcasting and television, etc.

[0003] Chinese patent publication No. CN108336507A discloses a kind of to feed waveguide antenna array of Ku frequency band satellite communication, including metal C-shaped waveguide power divider, two ports of metal C-shaped waveguide power divider are provided with metal C-shaped waveguide antenna radiation unit, metal C-shaped waveguide power divider is provided with feed metal diaphragm and metal disc on inner wall, in addition, it further includes coaxial adapter, coaxial adapter is inserted into metal C-shaped waveguide power divider by metal probe. The antenna structure of the utility model is simple, small in size, easy to process into shape, realizes the impedance matching of wideband, that is, small size and wideband are considered at the same time. In addition, the relative bandwidth of VSWR <2 of the utility model can reach 8.2%, and the main lobe gain is larger, and the side lobe is smaller, which improves the radiation efficiency.

[0004] The scheme is high in height and cannot be miniaturized, and a large number of layers are required to realize it. The inner wall of the antenna C-shaped waveguide power divider needs to have a feed metal diaphragm and a metal disc, and a coaxial adapter needs to be inserted into the metal through a metal probe. This scheme is too high in cost at 77GHz frequency band, and has very high requirements for the machining precision of this part.

[0005] Chinese patent publication No. CN113904097A discloses a waveguide antenna, a radar and a vehicle. The waveguide antenna includes an antenna body, a radiation slot group and a beam-expanding radiation slot. The antenna body includes a radiation array surface, and the radiation slot group is arranged on the radiation array surface and forms an antenna that generates a radiation signal together with the antenna body. The beam-expanding radiation slot is arranged on the radiation array surface and located on both sides of the radiation slot group. The beam-expanding radiation slot generates a radiation signal by cutting the current on the radiation array surface, and the radiation signal of the beam-expanding radiation slot is superimposed with the radiation signal of the radiation slot group to widen the beam width of the waveguide antenna. The waveguide antenna provided in the present application solves the problem of narrow beam of the existing waveguide antenna.

[0006] This approach can result in high sidelobes in certain directions. To save costs, a side-fed approach is required. When the antenna frequency deviates from the center frequency, the H-plane beam pointing angle of the antenna will deviate by 0°, resulting in a narrower operating bandwidth. If a center-fed approach is used, it will increase costs, installation costs, and reduce yield.

[0007] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN216055193U discloses a millimeter-wave planar waveguide array antenna. The millimeter-wave planar waveguide array antenna includes a radiating array plate, a feed plate, and an output waveguide plate. The radiating array plate, the feed plate, and the output waveguide plate are all made of low-warpage, low-deformation electroplatable plastic as the substrate material and are formed by high-speed, high-precision injection molding. Then, the surface of the formed components undergoes plasma treatment; next, a metal layer is vacuum sputtered, which is a silver metal layer sputtered onto a copper substrate; finally, solder paste is printed in intermittently or staggered soldering areas, and reflow oven soldering is performed, thereby achieving continuous closed soldering of the waveguide cavity. This application features a simple process, fast soldering, high production efficiency, and significantly reduced costs.

[0008] This scheme uses a center-fed method, which leads to an increase in the number of antenna layers and the number of antenna installations, resulting in a decrease in antenna production yield.

[0009] In summary, the existing technology has the following drawbacks:

[0010] 1. Side-feed schemes result in a narrower operating bandwidth for waveguide antennas and an asymmetrical radiation pattern;

[0011] 2. Conventional offset slots can cause the antenna's radiation pattern to have higher sidelobes at certain angles;

[0012] 3. Conventional center-feed schemes use three-layer waveguide antennas, which are costly;

[0013] 4. Conventional waveguide antennas contain other components in addition to the main signal, which can cause large ripples at large angles in multi-channel antennas. The conventional solution is to use absorbing materials to absorb these components.

[0014] 5. Conventional two-cavity designs typically have an even number of radiation ports. Utility Model Content

[0015] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a feed-through waveguide antenna array unit and waveguide antenna array that has extended operating bandwidth, symmetrical radiation pattern, low angular sidelobes, and low cost.

[0016] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0017] A feed-through waveguide antenna array unit includes a 180-degree E-plane power divider, a first E-plane feed line, a second E-plane feed line, a first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter, a second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter, an H-plane waveguide, and a radiating slot array. The first output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider is connected to one end of the first E-plane feed line, the other end of the first E-plane feed line is connected to the input end of the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter, the output end of the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter is connected to one end of the H-plane waveguide, the second output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider is connected to one end of the second E-plane feed line, the other end of the second E-plane feed line is connected to the input end of the second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter, the output end of the second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter is connected to the other end of the H-plane waveguide, and the radiating slot array is disposed on the upper side of the H-plane waveguide. The first E-plane feed line and the second E-plane feed line are of equal length, and the radiating slot array includes an even number of radiating ports.

[0018] Furthermore, the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter and the second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter are provided with impedance matching steps.

[0019] Furthermore, the even number of radiation ports is four, and they are sequentially designated as the first radiation port, the second radiation port, the third radiation port, and the fourth radiation port. The dimensions of the first radiation port, the second radiation port, the third radiation port, and the fourth radiation port are all 0.9*2.2*1.7mm, and the center-to-center distance between the first radiation port, the second radiation port, the third radiation port, and the fourth radiation port is 3.3mm.

[0020] Furthermore, the H-plane waveguide includes a first rectangular portion, a first trapezoidal protrusion, a second trapezoidal protrusion, and a second rectangular portion. One end of the first rectangular portion is connected to one end of the first trapezoidal protrusion, the other end of the first trapezoidal protrusion is connected to one end of the second trapezoidal protrusion, and the other end of the second trapezoidal protrusion is connected to one end of the second rectangular portion. The first trapezoidal protrusion protrudes to one side of the H-plane waveguide, and the second trapezoidal protrusion protrudes to the other side of the H-plane waveguide. The first trapezoidal protrusion and the second trapezoidal protrusion are point-symmetric about the center point of the H-plane waveguide. The first rectangular portion and the second rectangular portion are offset to both sides along the length direction of the H-plane waveguide, and the first rectangular portion and the second rectangular portion are also point-symmetric about the center point of the H-plane waveguide.

[0021] A feed-through waveguide antenna array unit includes a 180-degree E-plane power divider, a first E-plane feed line, a second E-plane feed line, a first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter, a second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter, an H-plane waveguide, and a radiating slot array. The first output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider is connected to one end of the first E-plane feed line, the other end of the first E-plane feed line is connected to the input end of the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter, the output end of the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter is connected to one end of the H-plane waveguide, the second output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider is connected to one end of the second E-plane feed line, the other end of the second E-plane feed line is connected to the input end of the second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter, and the output end of the second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter is connected to the other end of the H-plane waveguide. The radiating slot array is disposed on the upper side of the H-plane waveguide. The first E-plane feed line and the second E-plane feed line have a length difference X such that the phase difference of the signals passing through the two feed lines is 180 degrees. The radiating slot array contains an odd number of radiating ports.

[0022] Furthermore, the number of the odd-numbered radiation ports is three, and they are, in order, the fifth radiation port, the sixth radiation port, and the seventh radiation port.

[0023] Furthermore, the H-plane waveguide includes a third rectangular portion, a third trapezoidal protrusion portion, and a fourth rectangular portion. One end of the third rectangular portion is connected to one end of the third trapezoidal protrusion portion, and the other end of the third trapezoidal protrusion portion is connected to one end of the fourth rectangular portion. The third trapezoidal protrusion portion protrudes to one side of the H-plane waveguide, and the third rectangular portion and the fourth rectangular portion are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the third trapezoidal protrusion portion.

[0024] Furthermore, the fifth, sixth, and seventh radiation ports are rectangular slit radiation ports.

[0025] Furthermore, the fifth, sixth, and seventh radiation ports are rectangular horn-shaped radiation ports.

[0026] A waveguide antenna array includes an even number of feed waveguide antenna array elements, which are divided into two groups. One group of feed waveguide antenna array elements serves as a signal transmitting unit group, and the other group serves as a signal receiving unit group.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and effects:

[0028] 1. This utility model adopts a counter-feed scheme to expand the working bandwidth of the antenna. Because the feed has a high degree of symmetry, the symmetry of the radiation pattern can be guaranteed.

[0029] 2. This utility model adopts a differential feeding scheme in a counter-feedback system. During transmission, the signal is split into positive and negative paths for transmission, a process called differential transmission. Because the polarities of the two signals are different, they can cancel out some of the interference during transmission, thereby making the signal transmission more stable and ensuring that all angle sidelobes are not deteriorated by these interferences.

[0030] 3. The feed network of this utility model is relatively compact and is on the same side of the waveguide antenna, so only two layers of waveguides are needed to achieve the purpose, which reduces the cost and eliminates one layer of installation.

[0031] 4. This utility model adopts a counter-feed differential power supply scheme. During the transmission process, the signal is divided into positive and negative paths for transmission. This process is called differential transmission. Since the polarities of the two signals are different, they can cancel out some of the interference during the transmission process, thereby making the signal transmission more stable and ensuring that all angle sidelobes will not deteriorate due to these interferences.

[0032] 5. This utility model is applicable to both even-numbered and odd-numbered radiation ports, and can be implemented on a single metallized injection molded part and a single thin copper sheet, or on two metallized injection molded parts. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of a feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a planar schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of a feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a simulation diagram of the working bandwidth of an embodiment 1 of the feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a simulation diagram of the radiation pattern of Embodiment 1 of the feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a simulation diagram of the working bandwidth of an embodiment 2 of the feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of the radiation pattern of Embodiment 2 of the feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model.

[0040] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of embodiment 3 of the feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a simulation diagram of the working bandwidth of Embodiment 3 of the feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model.

[0042] Figure 10 This is a simulation diagram of the radiation pattern of Embodiment 3 of the feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model.

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a waveguide antenna array according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To elaborate on the technical solutions adopted by this utility model to achieve the intended technical objectives, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Furthermore, the technical means or technical features in the embodiments of this utility model can be replaced without creative effort. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] Example 1. As... Figure 1 As shown, a feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model includes a 180-degree E-plane power divider 1, a first E-plane feed line 2, a second E-plane feed line 3, a first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 4, a second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 5, an H-plane waveguide 6, and a radiating slot array 7. The first output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1 is connected to one end of the first E-plane feed line 2, and the other end of the first E-plane feed line 2 is connected to the input port of the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 4. The output of converter 4 is connected to one end of H-plane waveguide 6. The second output port of 180-degree E-plane power divider 1 is connected to one end of second E-plane feed line 3. The other end of second E-plane feed line 3 is connected to the input of second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter 5. The output of second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter 5 is connected to the other end of H-plane waveguide 6. Radiation slot array 7 is set on the upper side of H-plane waveguide 6. First E-plane feed line 2 and second E-plane feed line 3 have equal lengths. Radiation slot array 7 contains an even number of radiation ports.

[0046] The signal of this invention is fed into the input terminal of the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1. After passing through the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1, the energy is divided into two signals with a phase difference of 180 degrees. The two signals pass through the first E-plane feed line 2 and the second E-plane feed line 3 of the same length, and then through the waveguide conversion of the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 4 and the second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 5 before being fed into the H-plane waveguide 6.

[0047] The first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 4 and the second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 5 are equipped with impedance matching steps. Conventional feedback schemes result in a significantly larger longitudinal dimension of the antenna (in the direction of the central axis of the parallel radiating element), approximately one wavelength. This invention achieves a compact feedback scheme by miniaturizing the E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter. The E-plane waveguide is directly converted to the H-plane waveguide, which only increases the size by about 1 mm in the width of the E-plane waveguide and about 2 mm on both sides, or about half a wavelength. However, the impedance matching of the antenna will be mismatched at this time. This invention optimizes the performance of the E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter by adding an impedance matching step, achieving lossless energy transmission. At the same time, the horizontal plane of the antenna can also be miniaturized by reducing the structure of the E-plane power divider. The minimum spacing between the channels on both sides of the E-plane power divider is a processable spacing of 1 mm. The impedance matching step structure is optimized to achieve lossless energy transmission.

[0048] The number of even-numbered radiation ports is four, namely, the first radiation port 8, the second radiation port 9, the third radiation port 10, and the fourth radiation port 11. The dimensions of the first radiation port 8, the second radiation port 9, the third radiation port 10, and the fourth radiation port 11 are all 0.9*2.2*1.7mm, and the center-to-center distance between the first radiation port 8, the second radiation port 9, the third radiation port 10, and the fourth radiation port 11 is 3.3mm.

[0049] H-plane waveguide 6 includes a first rectangular portion 12, a first trapezoidal protrusion 13, a second trapezoidal protrusion 14, and a second rectangular portion 15. One end of the first rectangular portion 12 is connected to one end of the first trapezoidal protrusion 13, the other end of the first trapezoidal protrusion 13 is connected to one end of the second trapezoidal protrusion 14, and the other end of the second trapezoidal protrusion 14 is connected to one end of the second rectangular portion 15. The first trapezoidal protrusion 13 protrudes to one side of the H-plane waveguide, and the second trapezoidal protrusion 14 protrudes to the other side of the H-plane waveguide. The first trapezoidal protrusion 13 and the second trapezoidal protrusion 14 are point-symmetric about the center point of the H-plane waveguide 6. The first rectangular portion 12 and the second rectangular portion 15 are offset to both sides along the length of the H-plane waveguide 6, and the first rectangular portion 12 and the second rectangular portion 15 are also point-symmetric about the center point of the H-plane waveguide 6.

[0050] To reduce the sidelobes of the antenna, the second and third radiating ports 9 and 10 need to have higher energy, while the first and fourth radiating ports 8 and 11 need to have lower energy. Therefore, the H-plane waveguide is bent into a trapezoidal shape, and the distance between the radiating ports and the waveguide axis is controlled by the bending angle. The second and third radiating ports 9 and 10 require more energy, so the bending angle (i.e., the inclination angle between the waist and the base of the trapezoid) is 30°-60°. The first and fourth radiating ports 8 and 11 require less energy, so the waveguide cavity only needs to be moved away from the first and fourth radiating ports 8 and 11.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a simulation diagram of the operating bandwidth of an embodiment 1 of the feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model. Figure 4 This is a simulation diagram of the radiation pattern of Embodiment 1 of the counter-fed waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model. Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that Embodiment 1 of the feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model has good performance in the 74-81GHz frequency band and good antenna direction in the 76-79GHz frequency band. Figure 1 The antenna exhibits good consistency and uniformity, with all antenna sidelobes less than -20dB.

[0052] Example 2. (As shown) Figure 5 As shown, a feed-through waveguide antenna array unit includes a 180-degree E-plane power divider 1, a first E-plane feed line 2, a second E-plane feed line 3, a first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 4, a second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 5, an H-plane waveguide 6, and a radiating slot array 7. The first output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1 is connected to one end of the first E-plane feed line 2, the other end of the first E-plane feed line 2 is connected to the input port of the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 4, and the output port of the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 4 is connected to the H-plane waveguide 6. One end of the first E-plane feed line 2 is connected to the second output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1, which is connected to one end of the second E-plane feed line 3. The other end of the second E-plane feed line 3 is connected to the input end of the second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter 5. The output end of the second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter 5 is connected to the other end of the H-plane waveguide 6. The radiation slot array 7 is disposed on the upper side of the H-plane waveguide 6. The first E-plane feed line 2 and the second E-plane feed line 3 have a length difference X such that the phase difference of the signals passing through the two feed lines is 180 degrees. The radiation slot array 7 contains an odd number of radiation ports.

[0053] The signal of this invention is fed into the input terminal of the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1. After passing through the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1, the energy is divided into two signals with a phase difference of 180 degrees. The two signals pass through the first E-plane feed line 2 and the second E-plane feed line 3 with a length difference of X, so that the two signals have the same phase when they reach the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 4 and the second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 5, and are symmetrically fed into the H-plane waveguide 6.

[0054] The number of odd-numbered radiation ports is three, namely the fifth radiation port 16, the sixth radiation port 17, and the seventh radiation port 18. The fifth radiation port 16, the sixth radiation port 17, and the seventh radiation port 18 are rectangular slit radiation ports.

[0055] H-plane waveguide 6 includes a third rectangular portion 19, a third trapezoidal protrusion 20, and a fourth rectangular portion 21. One end of the third rectangular portion 19 is connected to one end of the third trapezoidal protrusion 20, and the other end of the third trapezoidal protrusion 20 is connected to one end of the fourth rectangular portion 21. The third trapezoidal protrusion 20 protrudes to one side of the H-plane waveguide 6. The third rectangular portion 19 and the fourth rectangular portion 21 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the third trapezoidal protrusion 20.

[0056] like Figure 6 The figure shown is a simulation diagram of the operating bandwidth of a second embodiment of the feed-through waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model. Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of the radiation pattern of Embodiment 2 of the counter-fed waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model. Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be seen that Embodiment 2 of the counter-fed waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model has good performance in the 74-81GHz frequency band and good antenna direction in the 76-79GHz frequency band. Figure 1 The antenna exhibits good consistency and uniformity, with all antenna sidelobes less than -20dB.

[0057] Example 3. (As shown) Figure 8 As shown, a feed-through waveguide antenna array unit includes a 180-degree E-plane power divider 1, a first E-plane feed line 2, a second E-plane feed line 3, a first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 4, a second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 5, an H-plane waveguide 6, and a radiating slot array 7. The first output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1 is connected to one end of the first E-plane feed line 2, the other end of the first E-plane feed line 2 is connected to the input port of the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 4, and the output port of the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 4 is connected to the H-plane waveguide 6. One end of the first E-plane feed line 2 is connected to the second output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1, which is connected to one end of the second E-plane feed line 3. The other end of the second E-plane feed line 3 is connected to the input end of the second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter 5. The output end of the second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter 5 is connected to the other end of the H-plane waveguide 6. The radiation slot array 7 is disposed on the upper side of the H-plane waveguide 6. The first E-plane feed line 2 and the second E-plane feed line 3 have a length difference X such that the phase difference of the signals passing through the two feed lines is 180 degrees. The radiation slot array 7 contains an odd number of radiation ports.

[0058] The signal of this invention is fed into the input terminal of the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1. After passing through the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1, the energy is divided into two signals with a phase difference of 180 degrees. The two signals pass through the first E-plane feed line 2 and the second E-plane feed line 3 with a length difference of X, so that the two signals have the same phase when they reach the first E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 4 and the second E-plane to H-plane waveguide converter 5, and are symmetrically fed into the H-plane waveguide 6.

[0059] The number of odd-numbered radiation ports is three, namely the fifth radiation port 22, the sixth radiation port 23, and the seventh radiation port 24. The fifth radiation port 22, the sixth radiation port 23, and the seventh radiation port 24 are rectangular horn-shaped radiation ports.

[0060] H-plane waveguide 6 includes a third rectangular portion 19, a third trapezoidal protrusion 20, and a fourth rectangular portion 21. One end of the third rectangular portion 19 is connected to one end of the third trapezoidal protrusion 20, and the other end of the third trapezoidal protrusion 20 is connected to one end of the fourth rectangular portion 21. The third trapezoidal protrusion 20 protrudes to one side of the H-plane waveguide 6. The third rectangular portion 19 and the fourth rectangular portion 21 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the third trapezoidal protrusion 20.

[0061] like Figure 9 The figure shown is a simulation diagram of the operating bandwidth of an embodiment 3 of the present invention, which is a counter-fed waveguide antenna array unit. Figure 10 This is a simulation diagram of the radiation pattern of Embodiment 3 of the counter-fed waveguide antenna array unit of this utility model. Figure 9 and Figure 10 It can be seen that Embodiment 3 of the present invention, a counter-fed waveguide antenna array unit, exhibits good performance in the 74-81 GHz frequency band and good antenna directionality in the 76-79 GHz frequency band. Figure 1 The antenna exhibits good consistency and uniformity, with all antenna sidelobes less than -20dB.

[0062] Example 4. (As shown) Figure 11As shown, a waveguide antenna array comprises an even number of fed-beam waveguide antenna array elements. These elements are divided into two groups: one group serves as the signal transmitting unit group, and the other group serves as the signal receiving unit group. The input terminal of the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1 of each fed-beam waveguide antenna array element is connected to a waveguide converter on the chip port via an E-plane waveguide feed line. The signal is transmitted through the waveguide converter on the chip port to the E-plane waveguide feed line, and then fed into the fed-beam waveguide antenna array element through the 180-degree E-plane power divider 1. This embodiment uses a 4-transmit, 4-receive model, employing a compact fed-beam scheme. The overall antenna size is not increased compared to traditional center-fed or side-fed systems. Since differential feeding can cancel out some interference during transmission, it improves the consistency between the antenna elements. As shown in the figure, the differential feeding scheme improves consistency by approximately 2 dB compared to the conventional scheme.

[0063] This invention employs a counter-feed scheme to expand the antenna's operating bandwidth. Because the feed has high symmetry, it can ensure the symmetry of the radiation pattern. This invention uses a differential feed scheme in the counter-feed scheme. During transmission, the signal is divided into positive and negative paths for transmission. This process is called differential transmission. Because the two signals have different polarities, they can cancel out some of the interference during transmission, thus making the signal transmission more stable and ensuring that all angular sidelobes are not deteriorated by these interferences. The feed network of this invention is relatively compact and is on the same side of the waveguide antenna, so only two waveguide layers are needed, reducing costs and eliminating one layer of installation. This invention adopts a differential feed scheme, in which the signal is divided into positive and negative paths for transmission during transmission, a process called differential transmission. Because the two signals have different polarities, they can cancel out some of the interference during transmission, thus making the signal transmission more stable and ensuring that all angular sidelobes are not deteriorated by these interferences. This invention is suitable for both even and odd numbers of radiating ports, and can be implemented on a single metallized injection molded part and a single thin copper sheet, or on two metallized injection molded parts.

[0064] This invention's differential and equal-division feeding schemes offer numerous advantages, including wide operating bandwidth, symmetrical radiation patterns, and flexible antenna aperture size, addressing many pain points. By optimizing impedance matching, this invention makes the feeding network more compact, expanding its application scenarios. From an implementation perspective, besides welding after metallizing two injection-molded parts, it can also be achieved by metallizing a single injection-molded part and a thin copper sheet, significantly reducing antenna thickness. The H-plane waveguide can be either a cavity waveguide or a ridge waveguide.

[0065] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model's technical solution. Any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model's technical solution, based on the technical essence of the present utility model and within the spirit and principles of the present utility model, shall still fall within the protection scope of the present utility model's technical solution.

Claims

1. A corporate-fed waveguide antenna array unit, comprising: The application relates to a radiation slot array, which comprises a 180-degree E-plane power divider, a first E-plane feeder, a second E-plane feeder, a first E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter, a second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter, an H-plane waveguide and a radiation slot array, wherein the first output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider is connected with one end of the first E-plane feeder, the other end of the first E-plane feeder is connected with the input end of the first E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter, the output end of the first E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter is connected with one end of the H-plane waveguide, the second output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider is connected with one end of the second E-plane feeder, the other end of the second E-plane feeder is connected with the input end of the second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter, the output end of the second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter is connected with the other end of the H-plane waveguide, the radiation slot array is arranged on the upper side of the H-plane waveguide, the lengths of the first E-plane feeder and the second E-plane feeder are equal, and the radiation slot array comprises an even number of radiation ports.

2. A corporate-fed waveguide antenna array element according to claim 1, wherein: The first E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter and the second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter are provided with impedance matching steps.

3. A corporate-fed waveguide antenna array element according to claim 1, wherein: The even number of radiation ports is four, and the four radiation ports are a first radiation port, a second radiation port, a third radiation port and a fourth radiation port in sequence, the sizes of the first radiation port, the second radiation port, the third radiation port and the fourth radiation port are all 0.9*2.2*1.7mm, and the center distance between the first radiation port, the second radiation port, the third radiation port and the fourth radiation port is 3.3mm.

4. A corporate-fed waveguide antenna array element according to claim 3, wherein: The H-plane waveguide comprises a first rectangular portion, a first trapezoidal protruding portion, a second trapezoidal protruding portion and a second rectangular portion, one end of the first rectangular portion is connected with one end of the first trapezoidal protruding portion, the other end of the first trapezoidal protruding portion is connected with one end of the second trapezoidal protruding portion, the other end of the second trapezoidal protruding portion is connected with one end of the second rectangular portion, the first trapezoidal protruding portion protrudes to one side of the H-plane waveguide, the second trapezoidal protruding portion protrudes to the other side of the H-plane waveguide, and the first trapezoidal protruding portion and the second trapezoidal protruding portion are point-symmetric with the center point of the H-plane waveguide, the first rectangular portion and the second rectangular portion are staggered to two sides in the length direction of the H-plane waveguide, and the first rectangular portion and the second rectangular portion are also point-symmetric with the center point of the H-plane waveguide.

5. A corporate-fed waveguide antenna array unit, comprising: The application relates to a radiation slot array, which comprises a 180-degree E-plane power divider, a first E-plane feeder, a second E-plane feeder, a first E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter, a second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter, an H-plane waveguide and a radiation slot array, wherein the first output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider is connected with one end of the first E-plane feeder, the other end of the first E-plane feeder is connected with the input end of the first E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter, the output end of the first E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter is connected with one end of the H-plane waveguide, the second output port of the 180-degree E-plane power divider is connected with one end of the second E-plane feeder, the other end of the second E-plane feeder is connected with the input end of the second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter, the output end of the second E-plane-H-plane waveguide converter is connected with the other end of the H-plane waveguide, the radiation slot array is arranged on the upper side of the H-plane waveguide, the lengths of the first E-plane feeder and the second E-plane feeder are equal, and the radiation slot array comprises an even number of radiation ports. The lengths of the first E-plane feeder and the second E-plane feeder have a length difference X, so that the phase difference of the signals passing through the two feeders is 180 degrees.

6. A corporate-fed waveguide antenna array element according to claim 5, wherein: The number of the odd number of radiation ports is three and the odd number of radiation ports are fifth radiation port, sixth radiation port and seventh radiation port in turn.

7. A corporate-fed waveguide antenna array element according to claim 6, wherein: The H-plane waveguide comprises a third rectangular portion, a third trapezoidal protruding portion and a fourth rectangular portion, one end of the third rectangular portion is connected with one end of the third trapezoidal protruding portion, the other end of the third trapezoidal protruding portion is connected with one end of the fourth rectangular portion, the third trapezoidal protruding portion protrudes to one side of the H-plane waveguide, and the third rectangular portion and the fourth rectangular portion are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the third trapezoidal protruding portion.

8. A corporate-fed waveguide antenna array element according to claim 6, wherein: The fifth radiation port, the sixth radiation port and the seventh radiation port are rectangular slot radiation ports.

9. A corporate-fed waveguide antenna array element according to claim 6, wherein: The fifth radiation port, the sixth radiation port and the seventh radiation port are rectangular horn radiation ports.

10. A waveguide antenna array, characterized by: The application relates to a feeding waveguide antenna array unit, comprising an even number of the feeding waveguide antenna array units, the even number of the feeding waveguide antenna array units are averagely divided into two groups, one group of the feeding waveguide antenna array units is used as a signal transmitting unit group, and the other group of the feeding waveguide antenna array units is used as a signal receiving unit group.

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