Solar cell and solar cell module
By setting inclined or curved transition structures at the edges of solar cells, the problem of thermal stress concentration is solved, thereby improving the process yield and service life of the cells.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422246013.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing solar cells are prone to cracking or breaking due to thermal stress concentration in high-temperature environments, which affects the yield of subsequent processes and the performance of the cells.
Inclined or curved transition structures are set at the edges of solar cells to weaken or eliminate sharp corners and reduce thermal stress concentration.
By weakening or eliminating angular structures, the probability of thermal stress concentration is reduced, improving the yield of subsequent processes and overall performance of the solar cells, and extending their service life.
Smart Images
Figure CN223829717U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a solar cell and a solar cell module. Background Technology
[0002] Solar cells are the core component of solar cell modules, serving as the primary structure for converting light energy into electrical energy. Existing solar cells are typically made of semiconductor materials such as silicon, with a silicon substrate and a PN junction formed within it. The substrate edge structure of existing solar cells is usually a right-angled structure. This abrupt change in geometry, created by the right angle, easily leads to thermal stress concentration when the cell is exposed to high temperatures. This thermal stress concentration can directly cause cracks or even breakage on the cell's surface or inside. This not only affects the smooth progress of the diffusion process but may also lead to decreased adhesion and conductivity of the electrodes in subsequent electrode formation processes. Specifically, thermal stress concentration can impair the physical integrity of the cell, reducing its yield in subsequent processing. Simultaneously, cracks and breakage reduce the effective area of the cell, lowering its photoelectric conversion efficiency. In subsequent processes, the damaged cell surface may not provide a stable adhesion surface, resulting in poor quality of the thin films and electrodes, further affecting the cell's electrical performance and long-term reliability. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a solar cell that can reduce the probability of stress concentration and ensure the normal operation of subsequent processes, thereby improving the overall performance and service life of the solar cell.
[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, on the one hand, the present invention provides a solar cell, including a substrate layer, the substrate layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the edge of the substrate layer having an edge surface, the edge surface connecting the first surface and the second surface.
[0005] The first surface has a first edge portion at its edge, and a first transition structure is provided on the side of the first edge portion away from the center of the first surface.
[0006] The first transition structure includes one or more planes, and the edge surface is obliquely connected to the first surface via the first transition structure; and / or,
[0007] The first transition structure includes one or more curved surfaces, and the edge surface is smoothly connected to the first surface through the first transition structure.
[0008] As an improvement to the above solution, the edge of the second surface is provided with a second edge portion, and a second transition structure is provided on the side of the second edge portion away from the center of the second surface. The edge surface and the second surface are connected obliquely or smoothly through the second transition structure.
[0009] As an improvement to the above solution, the second transition structure is a plane, and the second transition structure is inclined from the edge towards the center of the second surface.
[0010] As an improvement to the above solution, the second transition structure is a curved surface, and the edge surface and the second surface are smoothly connected by the curved surface.
[0011] As an improvement to the above solution, a doped portion is provided on the first surface, and the first transition structure connects the doped portion and the edge surface.
[0012] As an improvement to the above solution, the first transition structure is a plane, and the first transition structure is inclined from the edge towards the direction close to the doped part.
[0013] As an improvement to the above solution, the first transition structure is a curved surface, and the edge surface and the doped portion are smoothly connected by the curved surface.
[0014] As an improvement to the above solution, the first edge portion is further provided with a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface, one side of the first connecting surface is connected to the edge surface, one side of the second connecting surface is connected to the doped portion, and the first transition structure is connected between the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface.
[0015] As an improvement to the above solution, the first connecting surface is connected in parallel to the edge surface, and the second connecting surface is arranged in parallel to the first surface.
[0016] As an improvement to the above solution, the first connecting surface is inclinedly connected to the edge surface, and the second connecting surface is arranged parallel to the first surface.
[0017] As an improvement to the above solution, the first transition structure is a plane, and the first transition structure is inclined from the first connecting surface toward the direction closer to the second connecting surface.
[0018] As an improvement to the above solution, the first transition structure is a curved surface, and the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface are smoothly connected through the curved surface of the first transition structure.
[0019] As an improvement to the above scheme, the doped portion includes a first doped portion and a second doped portion, the first doped portion and the second doped portion having opposite polarities, and the solar cell further includes an insulating isolation portion disposed between the first doped portion and the second doped portion.
[0020] On the other hand, the present invention provides a solar cell module, including the solar cell as described above.
[0021] Implementing this utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0022] The solar cell of this invention has a first surface and a second surface. The edge of the substrate layer has an edge surface. The edge of the first surface has a first edge portion. The side of the first edge portion away from the center of the first surface has a first transition structure. The first transition structure can achieve an inclined connection or a smooth connection between the edge surface and the first surface, so as to weaken the angular structure of the traditional solar cell substrate edge, thereby reducing the probability of thermal stress concentration in subsequent processes, thus ensuring the yield of subsequent processes and improving the overall performance and service life of the solar cell. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the solar cell of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the solar cell of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third embodiment of the solar cell of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth embodiment of the solar cell of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fifth embodiment of the solar cell of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the solar cell of this utility model;
[0029] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the seventh embodiment of the solar cell of this utility model;
[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the eighth embodiment of the solar cell of this utility model;
[0031] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the ninth embodiment of the solar cell of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following will describe this utility model in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is hereby declared that the terms "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "inner," and "outer," etc., appearing or about to appear in this document, are based solely on the accompanying drawings and are not intended to specifically limit this utility model.
[0033] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model discloses a solar cell, including a substrate layer 1, which can be either P-type silicon or N-type silicon. The substrate layer 1 has a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 opposite to the first surface 11. The first surface 11 and the second surface 12 can both be light-receiving surfaces, or they can be a backlight surface and a light-receiving surface, respectively. The edge of the substrate layer 1 has an edge surface 13, which is a side surface that contacts the external space. The edge surface 13 can be a natural surface produced after cutting a silicon rod, or it can be a surface produced after cutting a silicon wafer. The edge surface 13 connects the first surface 11 and the second surface 12. In practice, the solar cell provided in this application may be a PERC (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell) cell, a TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivating Contact) cell, an HJT (Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin Layer) cell, a BC (Back Contact) cell, or other types of solar cells, without limitation.
[0034] The first surface 11 has a first edge portion 111 at its edge, which is the intersection of the edge surface 13 and the first surface 11. A first transition structure 2 is provided on the side of the first edge portion 111 furthest from the center of the first surface 11. In conventional solar cells, the intersection of the edge surface 13 and the first surface 11 is typically a right-angle structure. This right-angle structure is naturally generated during the processing of silicon rods or the cutting of silicon wafers. This right-angle structure creates a geometrical abrupt change. During subsequent diffusion coating processes on the silicon wafer, the high temperature environment can easily cause stress concentration at this right-angle point, making the surface or interior of the silicon wafer prone to cracking or even breakage.
[0035] To reduce or eliminate the above-mentioned risks, please refer to Figure 1In the first embodiment, the first transition structure 2 includes one or more planes, and the edge surface 13 and the first surface 11 are obliquely connected by the first transition structure 2. By setting one or more oblique surfaces at the intersection of the first surface 11 and the edge surface 13, the angular features of the first transition structure 2 can be weakened. The more oblique surfaces are set, the less obvious the protrusion of the edges and corners, and the easier it is to reduce or eliminate the occurrence of thermal stress concentration in the silicon wafer.
[0036] See Figure 2 In the second embodiment, the first transition structure 2 includes one or more curved surfaces, and the edge surface 13 is smoothly connected to the first surface 11 through the first transition structure 2. By placing one or more curved surfaces at the intersection of the first surface 11 and the edge surface 13, the sharp corner features can be completely eliminated, thereby significantly improving the problem of thermal stress concentration in silicon wafers.
[0037] The beneficial effects of this utility model embodiment are as follows:
[0038] This utility model embodiment of the solar cell has a first surface 11 and a second surface 12. The edge of the substrate layer 1 has an edge surface 13. The edge of the first surface 11 has a first edge portion 111. The side of the first edge portion 111 away from the center of the first surface 11 has a first transition structure 2. The first transition structure 2 can achieve an inclined connection or a smooth connection between the edge surface 13 and the first surface 11, so as to weaken the angular structure of the edge of the traditional solar cell substrate, thereby reducing the probability of thermal stress concentration in subsequent processes, thus ensuring the yield of subsequent processes, and improving the overall performance and service life of the solar cell.
[0039] See Figure 3 In the third embodiment, the edge of the second surface 12 is provided with a second edge portion 121, and a second transition structure 3 is provided on the side of the second edge portion 121 away from the center of the second surface 12. The edge surface 13 and the second surface 12 are connected obliquely or smoothly through the second transition structure 3. By making the same arrangement at the edge of the second surface 12, and by setting an oblique surface or a curved surface to connect the edge surface 13 and the second surface 12 obliquely or smoothly, the edge angular features of the second surface 12 can be weakened or even eliminated. This reduces or eliminates the thermal stress concentration at the edges on both sides of the substrate layer 1, and can further ensure the yield of subsequent processes and the overall performance of the battery cell.
[0040] Specifically, the second transition structure 3 is a plane, and the second transition structure 3 is inclined from the edge surface 13 toward the center of the second surface 12. The second transition structure 3 is inclined toward the center of the second surface 12, thus weakening the angular structure.
[0041] Or further, see Figure 4 In the fourth embodiment based on the third embodiment, the second transition structure 3 is a curved surface. The curved surface eliminates the sharp corner features, so that the edge surface 13 and the second surface 12 can be smoothly connected through the curved surface.
[0042] See Figure 5 In the fifth embodiment, a doped portion 4 is provided on the first surface 11. The doped portion 4 is a P-doped region or an N-doped region. The first transition structure 2 connects the doped portion 4 and the edge surface 13. The first transition structure 2 is a plane and is inclined from the edge surface 13 toward the doped portion 4. By providing an inclined surface, the first transition structure 2 between the edge surface 13 and the doped portion 4 forms a structure with weakened edges.
[0043] Or see Figure 6 In the sixth embodiment based on the fifth embodiment, the first transition structure 2 is a curved surface, and the edge surface 13 and the doped portion 4 are smoothly connected by a curved surface, which can completely eliminate the angular structure. The doped portion 4 includes a first doped portion 41 and a second doped portion 42, the first doped portion 41 and the second doped portion 42 having opposite polarities. The solar cell also includes an insulating isolation portion 5, which is disposed between the first doped portion 41 and the second doped portion 42.
[0044] See Figure 7 This utility model discloses a seventh embodiment based on the sixth embodiment. In the seventh embodiment, the first edge portion 111 is further provided with a first connecting surface 14 and a second connecting surface 15. One side of the first connecting surface 14 is connected to the edge surface 13, and one side of the second connecting surface 15 is connected to the doped portion 4. The first transition structure 2 is connected between the first connecting surface 14 and the second connecting surface 15. The first connecting surface 14 acts as a transition between the edge surface 13 and the first transition structure 2, and the second connecting surface 15 acts as a transition between the doped portion 4 and the first transition structure 2. Specifically, the first connecting surface 14 is connected in parallel to the edge surface 13, and the second connecting surface 15 is arranged in parallel to the first surface 11. The transition between the edge surface 13 and the doped portion 4 mainly relies on the first transition structure 2.
[0045] See Figure 8Based on the seventh embodiment, this utility model discloses an eighth embodiment. Unlike the seventh embodiment, in the eighth embodiment, the first connecting surface 14 is inclinedly connected to the edge surface 13, and the second connecting surface 15 is arranged parallel to the first surface 11. The angular structure between the first connecting surface 14 and the edge surface 13 is weakened. In conjunction with the first transition structure 2, multiple transitions can be achieved to further weaken the angular structure of the edge.
[0046] In the eighth embodiment, the first transition structure 2 is a plane, and the first transition structure 2 is inclined from the first connecting surface 14 toward the direction close to the second connecting surface 15. By setting the inclined surface, the first connecting surface 14, the first transition structure 2 and the second connecting surface 15 form a continuous inclined transition structure, realizing multiple transitions.
[0047] See Figure 9 Based on the eighth embodiment, this utility model discloses a ninth embodiment. Unlike the eighth embodiment, in the ninth embodiment, the first transition structure 2 is a curved surface, and the first connecting surface 14 and the second connecting surface 15 are smoothly connected by the curved surface of the first transition structure 2. By adopting a smooth curved surface connection, all the angular structures between the first connecting surface 14, the first transition structure 2 and the second connecting surface 15 can be completely eliminated.
[0048] This utility model also discloses a solar cell module (not shown in the drawings), including the solar cell as described above. The substrate layer 1 of the solar cell has a first transition structure 2 and / or a second transition structure 3 at its edge, enabling an inclined or smooth connection between the edge surface 13 and the first surface 11 of the substrate layer 1. This weakens the angular structure of the traditional solar cell substrate edge, thereby reducing the probability of thermal stress concentration in subsequent processes, ensuring the yield of subsequent processes, and improving the overall performance and lifespan of the solar cell.
[0049] The above are preferred embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A solar cell, characterized in that, It includes a substrate layer, the substrate layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the edge of the substrate layer having an edge surface, the edge surface connecting the first surface and the second surface; Both the first surface and the second surface are light-receiving surfaces; or the first surface and the second surface are a backlight surface and a light-receiving surface, respectively. The first surface has a first edge portion at its edge, and a first transition structure is provided on the side of the first edge portion away from the center of the first surface. The first transition structure includes one or more planes, and the edge surface is obliquely connected to the first surface via the first transition structure; and / or, The first transition structure includes one or more curved surfaces, and the edge surface is smoothly connected to the first surface through the first transition structure.
2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge of the second surface is provided with a second edge portion, and a second transition structure is provided on the side of the second edge portion away from the center of the second surface. The edge surface and the second surface are connected obliquely or smoothly through the second transition structure.
3. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second transition structure is a plane, and the second transition structure is inclined from the edge towards the center of the second surface.
4. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second transition structure is a curved surface, and the edge surface and the second surface are smoothly connected by the curved surface.
5. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first surface is provided with a doped portion, and the first transition structure connects the doped portion and the edge surface.
6. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first transition structure is a plane, and the first transition structure is inclined from the edge towards the direction close to the doped part.
7. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first transition structure is a curved surface, and the edge surface and the doped portion are smoothly connected by the curved surface.
8. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first edge portion is further provided with a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface. One side of the first connecting surface is connected to the edge surface, and one side of the second connecting surface is connected to the doped portion. The first transition structure is connected between the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface.
9. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first connecting surface is connected to the edge surface in parallel, and the second connecting surface is arranged in parallel with the first surface.
10. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first connecting surface is inclinedly connected to the edge surface, and the second connecting surface is arranged parallel to the first surface.
11. The solar cell according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The first transition structure is a plane, and the first transition structure is inclined from the first connecting surface toward the direction closer to the second connecting surface.
12. The solar cell according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The first transition structure is a curved surface, and the first connecting surface and the second connecting surface are smoothly connected through the curved surface of the first transition structure.
13. The solar cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The doped portion includes a first doped portion and a second doped portion, the first doped portion and the second doped portion having opposite polarities. The solar cell also includes an insulating isolation portion disposed between the first doped portion and the second doped portion.
14. A solar cell module, characterized in that, Including the solar cell as described in any one of claims 1-13.