Underground engineering waterproof structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a waterproof structure for underground engineering, which belongs to the field of waterproof construction of constructional engineering and comprises a top waterproof structure, a side waterproof structure and a bottom waterproof structure. The top waterproof structure comprises a concrete top plate, a waterproof layer A, an isolation layer and an overburden layer which are sequentially arranged from the inner layer to the upstream face. The side waterproof structure comprises a concrete side wall, a waterproof layer B and a backfill soil layer which are sequentially arranged from the inner layer to the upstream face. The bottom waterproof structure comprises a concrete bottom plate, a C waterproof layer, a cushion layer and a foundation soil layer which are sequentially arranged from the inner layer to the upstream face. The utility model has the beneficial effects that the waterproof performance of the whole structure can be improved, the structure of the part can be reinforced by checking the part easy to seep water of the structure before backfilling in the construction stage, even if the structure leaks due to the load subsequently, the leakage part can be directly treated, the problem is solved from the source of the leakage, and the construction period is shortened. And continuous problems such as water mixing and the like are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of waterproofing construction in building engineering, and in particular relates to a waterproofing structure for underground engineering. Background Technology

[0002] To improve the overall waterproofing performance of a structure, traditional construction methods use flexible waterproof membranes, such as modified bitumen waterproof membranes. However, the service life of these membranes cannot meet the national standards for waterproofing design lifespan. When the waterproof membrane fails, the concrete structure will still leak if there are no anti-seepage and anti-cracking measures. Furthermore, due to the material characteristics of the waterproof membrane, leakage is delayed, making it difficult to detect and maintain in a timely manner, which affects later repairs. Even after treating the leaking areas, the leakage problem at the membrane site still exists. Therefore, simply treating the leaking areas that are visible on the membrane cannot truly achieve the purpose of waterproofing.

[0003] In addition, in order to ensure the rapid development of concrete strength, manufacturers have increased the amount of cementitious materials and fined the cement to complete the production. However, excessive use of cementitious materials and excessive fineness of cement will cause the hydration heat release rate to accelerate and the hydration reaction to be too concentrated, making it impossible for the concrete to dissipate heat. This will cause cracks in the concrete due to uneven temperature, affecting the waterproofness and durability of the structure, and thus causing leakage. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a waterproof structure for underground engineering. This structure can improve the overall waterproof performance of the structure. Before backfilling during the construction phase, the structure can be reinforced by checking the parts that are prone to water seepage. Even if the structure leaks due to load later, the leak can be directly treated at the leaking part, solving the problem from the root cause and preventing the occurrence of continuous problems such as water seepage.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a waterproof structure for underground engineering, including a top waterproof structure, a side waterproof structure and a bottom waterproof structure;

[0006] The top waterproof structure includes a concrete top slab, a waterproof layer A, an isolation layer, and a soil covering layer arranged sequentially from the inner layer to the water-facing side.

[0007] The side waterproofing structure includes a concrete sidewall, a waterproof layer B, and a backfill layer arranged sequentially from the inner layer to the water-facing side.

[0008] The bottom waterproof structure includes a concrete base slab, a C waterproof layer, a cushion layer, and a foundation soil layer arranged sequentially from the inner layer to the water-facing side.

[0009] Furthermore, the concrete top slab, the concrete side walls, and the concrete bottom slab are all mixed with a temperature-inhibiting, crack-resistant, and waterproofing agent.

[0010] Furthermore, the A waterproof layer, the B waterproof layer, and the C waterproof layer are all rigid waterproof layers and flexible waterproof layers arranged sequentially from the inner layer to the outer layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the rigid waterproof layer is made of cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating.

[0012] Furthermore, the flexible waterproof layer is made of polymer cement waterproof coating.

[0013] Furthermore, a protective layer is sandwiched between the isolation layer and the soil covering layer in the top waterproof structure.

[0014] Furthermore, an insulation layer is sandwiched between the B waterproof layer and the backfill soil layer in the side waterproof structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the protective layer is a fine aggregate concrete layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the insulation layer is made of polyurethane insulation board or rock wool board.

[0017] The advantages and positive effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. By adopting the above technical solution, a two-stage waterproofing process is formed by applying a waterproof layer on the foundation concrete, namely, a rigid waterproof layer and a flexible waterproof layer, which effectively avoids leakage.

[0019] The rigid waterproof layer uses a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating, which can utilize the material's unique healing ability to solve micro-cracks caused by demolding or external forces.

[0020] The flexible waterproof layer uses polymer cement waterproof coating, which improves waterproofing ability and eliminates the need for a leveling layer in traditional construction, saving construction time and costs.

[0021] This waterproof layer allows for structural inspection before backfilling during the construction phase, and structural reinforcement can be applied to areas prone to water seepage. If structural leakage occurs later due to load, the leaking areas can be directly treated, solving the problem at its root and preventing future hidden dangers.

[0022] 2. By using concrete mixed with a temperature-inhibiting, crack-resistant, and waterproofing agent as the main structure, the first waterproof layer is formed through its self-waterproofing properties, further enhancing the waterproofing effect.

[0023] 3. The advantages of concrete mixed with temperature-inhibiting, crack-resistant, and waterproofing agents include:

[0024] (1) It has the function of suppressing the heat release of cement hydration. As the temperature rises, it can continuously release the temperature-suppressing functional components in the concrete heating section to suppress the heat release rate of cement hydration, reduce the temperature rise value of concrete, reduce the temperature shrinkage stress of concrete during construction, and reduce the risk of concrete temperature shrinkage cracking.

[0025] (2) It can improve and optimize the pore structure of concrete, improve the impermeability of concrete and improve the durability of concrete, and meet the impermeability grade greater than P12.

[0026] (3) It can increase the service life of waterproof concrete structures.

[0027] (4) It has good self-healing properties for microcracks. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] 1. Waterproof top structure;

[0031] 11. Concrete roof slab; 12. Waterproof layer A; 13. Isolation layer; 14. Protective layer; 15. Backfill layer;

[0032] 2. Side waterproofing structure;

[0033] 21. Concrete sidewall; 22. Waterproof layer B; 23. Insulation layer; 24. Backfill layer;

[0034] 3. Waterproof bottom structure;

[0035] 31. Concrete base slab; 32. C waterproof layer; 33. Subbase layer; 34. Foundation soil layer. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a waterproof structure for underground engineering, including a top waterproof structure 1, a side waterproof structure 2, and a bottom waterproof structure 3. The side waterproof structure 2 surrounds the top waterproof structure 1 and the bottom waterproof structure 3 to form a waterproof building.

[0038] The top waterproof structure 1 includes a concrete top slab 11, a waterproof layer A 12, an isolation layer 13, and a soil covering layer 15 arranged sequentially from the inner layer to the water-facing side;

[0039] To further protect the concrete roof slab 11 and prevent indoor heat loss, and to meet design requirements, a protective layer 14 is sandwiched between the isolation layer 13 and the soil cover layer 15. The protective layer 14 is a fine stone concrete protective layer with a thickness of 50-70 mm.

[0040] The isolation layer 13 is made of cement mortar or geotextile and has been sealed with waterproof layer A 12.

[0041] The side waterproofing structure 2 includes a concrete side wall 21, a B waterproofing layer 22, and a backfill soil layer 24 arranged sequentially from the inner layer to the water-facing side.

[0042] To further prevent indoor heat loss and protect the concrete sidewall 21, and to meet design requirements, an insulation layer 23 is sandwiched between the waterproof layer 22 (B) and the backfill layer 24. The insulation layer 23 is made of insulation board, specifically polyurethane insulation board or rock wool board.

[0043] The bottom waterproof structure 3 includes a concrete base slab 31, a C waterproof layer 32, a cushion layer 33 and a foundation soil layer 34 arranged sequentially from the inner layer to the water-facing side. The cushion layer 33 is made of concrete.

[0044] Temperature-inhibiting, crack-resistant, and waterproofing agent is added to the concrete top slab 11, concrete side walls 21, and concrete bottom slab 31. The temperature-inhibiting, crack-resistant, and waterproofing agent used in this embodiment is BM-Y concrete temperature-inhibiting, crack-resistant, and waterproofing agent produced by Tianjin Baoming Co., Ltd.

[0045] Waterproof layer A 12, waterproof layer B 22 and waterproof layer C 32 are all rigid waterproof layers and flexible waterproof layers arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside;

[0046] In this embodiment, the rigid waterproof layer uses a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating, and the flexible waterproof layer uses a polymer cement waterproof coating.

[0047] In both the top waterproof structure 1 and the side waterproof structure 2, a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating with a thickness of 1 to 1.5 mm and a polymer cement waterproof coating with a thickness of 1.5 mm are applied sequentially from the inside out.

[0048] In the bottom waterproof structure 3, from the outside to the inside, a 1.5mm thick polymer cement waterproof coating is first applied to the pad 33, and then a 1.5kg / ㎡ cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating is dry-spread.

[0049] The working process of this example:

[0050] In the top waterproof structure 1, the concrete roof slab 11 mixed with temperature-inhibiting and crack-resistant waterproofing agent is used as the main structure and serves as the first waterproof layer. Cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating is first applied to the concrete roof slab 11 as a rigid waterproof layer, and then polymer cement waterproof coating is applied as a flexible waterproof layer. It is separated by an isolation layer 13 and covered with fine stone concrete as a protective layer 14. Finally, a soil cover layer 15 is applied to the water-facing side.

[0051] In the side waterproof structure 2, the concrete side wall 21 mixed with temperature-inhibiting and crack-resistant waterproofing agent is used as the main structure and as the first waterproof layer. Cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating is first applied to the concrete side wall 21 as a rigid waterproof layer, and then polymer cement waterproof coating is applied as a flexible waterproof layer. Polyurethane insulation board is set to achieve the purpose of heat preservation and waterproofing. Finally, the soil is backfilled and compacted on the water-facing side.

[0052] In the bottom waterproof structure 3, a foundation soil layer 34 is filled on the water-facing side. The foundation soil layer 34 is separated by a concrete cushion layer 33. A polymer cement waterproof coating is applied to the cushion layer 33 as a flexible waterproof layer. Then, a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating is dry-spread as a rigid waterproof layer. Finally, a concrete base slab 31 is poured, so that the concrete base slab 31 mixed with a temperature-inhibiting and crack-resistant waterproofing agent becomes the main structure and serves as the first waterproof layer.

[0053] The foregoing has described one or more embodiments of the present utility model in detail. However, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present utility model. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the claims of the present utility model should still fall within the patent coverage of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A waterproof structure for underground engineering, characterized in that: It includes a top waterproof structure (1), a side waterproof structure (2) and a bottom waterproof structure (3). The top waterproof structure (1) includes a concrete top slab (11), an A waterproof layer (12), an isolation layer (13), and a soil covering layer (15) arranged sequentially from the inner layer to the water-facing side. The side waterproof structure (2) includes a concrete side wall (21), a B waterproof layer (22), and a backfill layer (24) arranged sequentially from the inner layer to the water-facing side. The bottom waterproof structure (3) includes a concrete base plate (31), a C waterproof layer (32), a cushion layer (33) and a foundation soil layer (34) arranged sequentially from the inner layer to the water-facing side; the A waterproof layer (12), the B waterproof layer (22) and the C waterproof layer (32) are all rigid waterproof layers and flexible waterproof layers arranged sequentially from the inner layer to the outer layer.

2. The waterproof structure for underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid waterproof layer uses a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating.

3. The waterproof structure for underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible waterproof layer is made of polymer cement waterproof coating.

4. The waterproof structure for underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective layer (14) is sandwiched between the isolation layer (13) and the soil covering layer (15) in the top waterproof structure (1).

5. The waterproof structure for underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulation layer (23) is sandwiched between the B waterproof layer (22) and the backfill soil layer (24) in the side waterproof structure (2).

6. The waterproof structure for underground engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protective layer (14) is made of fine stone concrete.

7. The waterproof structure for underground engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The insulation layer (23) is made of polyurethane insulation board or rock wool board.

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