Waterproof device suitable for building underground engineering in coastal area
By adopting a multi-layered waterproof structure design in underground building construction projects in coastal areas, including waterproof mechanisms on the inner and outer walls and expansion joint waterproof mechanisms, the problem of water leakage has been solved, achieving a highly efficient waterproof effect and ensuring the stability and safety of the building.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520153316.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-22
AI Technical Summary
Underground building projects in coastal areas are prone to water leakage during typhoons and heavy rains, especially due to weak waterproofing measures at expansion joints, where existing technologies are insufficient to effectively prevent water penetration.
The design employs a multi-layered waterproof structure, including waterproof mechanisms for the inner and outer walls and expansion joints. The inner and outer walls are each composed of multiple layers of waterproof materials, combined with components such as waterstops and elastic rods to form multiple waterproof barriers and enhance waterproof performance.
It significantly improves waterproofing performance, effectively preventing the penetration of internal and external moisture, meeting the high waterproofing requirements of underground projects in coastal areas, and ensuring the stability and safety of building structures.
Smart Images
Figure CN223838137U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a waterproofing device for underground building construction in coastal areas. Background Technology
[0002] Coastal areas are typhoon-prone zones, and the strong winds and heavy rains brought by typhoons can impact and damage entrances, ventilation shafts, and other parts of underground engineering projects. Strong winds may blow off or damage the protective facilities of ventilation shafts, and torrential rains and storm surges may cause large amounts of water to rush into underground engineering projects, flooding underground spaces and affecting their normal use.
[0003] Therefore, underground building projects in coastal areas face challenges such as high humidity and strong corrosion, requiring reliable waterproof structures. Existing underground building projects often install a waterproof layer on the water-facing side to prevent water seepage. This can be achieved by attaching waterproof membrane to the exterior walls of the basement, combined with drainage measures such as blind drains and sump pits around the underground structure to orderly drain any small amounts of groundwater that seep in, preventing water accumulation from pressurizing the waterproof layer and reducing the risk of leakage. The waterproofing of expansion joints is crucial, affecting the building's waterproofing performance and structural safety; however, existing waterproofing measures for expansion joints in underground building projects are relatively weak, making them prone to leakage. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a waterproofing device suitable for underground engineering projects in coastal buildings, in order to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings in the prior art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0006] A waterproofing device suitable for underground engineering projects in coastal buildings, comprising:
[0007] A wall waterproofing mechanism, comprising an inner wall waterproofing structure installed on the inner wall of the wall and an outer wall waterproofing structure installed on the outer wall of the wall. The inner wall waterproofing structure includes an inner waterproof membrane layer, an inner leveling layer, and a plain concrete pad layer. The outer wall waterproofing structure includes an outer leveling layer, an outer waterproof coating layer, an outer waterproof membrane layer, and a surface layer.
[0008] The expansion joint waterproofing mechanism includes, from the outside to the inside, an outer waterproofing layer, an asphalt-fiber caulking layer, a loose sand filling layer, a polystyrene foam layer, and an inner waterproofing layer, with a waterstop strip provided between the loose sand filling layer and the polystyrene foam layer.
[0009] The aforementioned waterproofing device for underground engineering in coastal buildings has an annular structure formed at the midpoint between the inner waterproof membrane layer and the polystyrene foam layer, and an elastic rod is provided inside the annular structure.
[0010] The aforementioned waterproofing device for underground engineering projects in coastal areas includes an inner waterproof membrane layer comprising a first waterproof membrane layer and a second waterproof membrane layer arranged sequentially.
[0011] The aforementioned waterproofing device for underground building construction in coastal areas includes a waterstop strip comprising a waterstop section in the middle and installation sections on opposite sides of the waterstop section. The installation sections are respectively installed in the wall on opposite sides of the expansion joint.
[0012] The aforementioned waterproofing device, applicable to underground engineering projects in coastal areas, has fixing straps on both sides of the installation section. There are multiple sets of fixing straps, which are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the installation section.
[0013] The aforementioned waterproofing device, applicable to underground engineering projects in coastal areas, has a hollow cylinder located in the middle of the water-stopping section.
[0014] The aforementioned waterproofing device, applicable to underground engineering projects in coastal areas, includes an inner waterproofing layer comprising an inner waterproofing membrane layer.
[0015] The aforementioned waterproofing device, applicable to underground engineering projects in coastal areas, includes an external waterproofing layer comprising an external waterproofing coating layer, an external waterproofing membrane layer, and a surface layer.
[0016] In the above technical solution, the waterproofing device for underground engineering projects in coastal areas provided by this utility model includes a wall waterproofing mechanism and an expansion joint waterproofing mechanism. The wall waterproofing mechanism includes an inner wall waterproofing structure installed on the inner wall and an outer wall waterproofing structure installed on the outer wall. The inner wall waterproofing structure includes an inner waterproof membrane layer, an inner leveling layer, and a plain concrete pad layer. The outer wall waterproofing structure includes an outer leveling layer, an outer waterproof coating layer, an outer waterproof membrane layer, and a surface layer. The expansion joint waterproofing mechanism includes an outer waterproofing layer, an asphalt hemp fiber caulking layer, a loose sand filling layer, a waterstop, a polystyrene foam layer, and an inner waterproofing layer, arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. Through this multi-layer structural design, the waterproofing effect of the wall and expansion joint is greatly improved, effectively blocking the penetration of internal and external moisture and meeting the high waterproofing requirements of underground engineering projects in coastal areas. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.
[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a waterproofing device for underground building construction in coastal areas, provided as an embodiment of this utility model.
[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0020] 1. Wall waterproofing structure; 11. Inner wall waterproofing structure; 12. Inner waterproof membrane layer; 121. Circular structure; 122. Elastic rod; 13. Inner leveling layer; 14. Plain concrete pad layer; 15. First waterproof membrane layer; 16. Second waterproof membrane layer; 2. Outer wall waterproofing structure; 21. Outer leveling layer; 22. Outer waterproof coating layer; 23. Outer waterproof membrane layer; 24. Surface layer; 3. Expansion joint waterproofing structure; 31. Outer waterproof layer; 32. Asphalt and hemp fiber caulking layer; 33. Loose sand caulking layer; 34. Polystyrene foam layer; 35. Inner waterproof layer; 36. Waterstop; 361. Waterstop section; 362. Installation section; 363. Fixing strip; 364. Cylinder. Detailed Implementation
[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a waterproofing device suitable for underground engineering projects in coastal buildings, including a wall waterproofing mechanism 1 and an expansion joint waterproofing mechanism 3. The wall waterproofing mechanism 1 includes an inner wall waterproofing structure 11 installed on the inner wall and an outer wall waterproofing structure 2 installed on the outer wall. The inner wall waterproofing structure 11 includes an inner waterproof membrane layer 12, an inner leveling layer 13, and a plain concrete pad layer 14. The outer wall waterproofing structure 2 includes an outer leveling layer 21, an outer waterproof coating layer 22, an outer waterproof membrane layer 22, and a surface layer 22. The expansion joint waterproofing mechanism 3 includes an outer waterproofing layer 31, an asphalt-impregnated hemp fiber joint filler 32, a loose sand joint filler 33, a polystyrene foam layer 34, and an inner waterproofing layer 35 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. A waterstop 36 is provided between the loose sand joint filler layer 33 and the polystyrene foam layer 34.
[0023] Specifically, the inner waterproof structure 11 is installed on the inner wall of the wall and includes, from the inside out, a plain concrete pad 14, an inner leveling layer 13, and an inner waterproof membrane layer 12. The plain concrete pad 14, as the most basic part, is in direct contact with the wall base. It is made of plain concrete and has good strength and stability, providing a solid and reliable support foundation for the subsequent waterproof structure. The inner leveling layer 13 is placed on top of the plain concrete pad 14 and is usually made of materials such as cement mortar. Through meticulous construction, the surface of the plain concrete pad 14 is further leveled, creating a flat working surface for the laying of the inner waterproof membrane layer 12. This ensures that the inner waterproof membrane layer 12 can fit tightly without wrinkles or air bubbles, fully exerting its waterproofing effect. The inner waterproof membrane layer 12 is made of high-quality waterproof membrane, which has excellent water resistance, puncture resistance and flexibility. It can effectively block water from seeping in from inside the wall and prevent moisture inside the wall from affecting the indoor environment. An inner surface layer can also be installed on the inner waterproof membrane layer 12.
[0024] In this embodiment, the external waterproof structure 2 is installed on the outer wall of the wall. The wall consists of, in sequence, an external leveling layer 21, an external waterproof coating layer 22, an external waterproof membrane layer 22, and a surface layer 22. The external leveling layer 21 functions similarly to the internal leveling layer 13 of the inner wall. It uses materials such as cement mortar to level the surface of the outer wall, eliminating unevenness and allowing the subsequent waterproof coating layer 22 and the external waterproof membrane layer 22 to adhere evenly, enhancing the waterproofing effect. The external waterproof coating layer 22 is applied after the external leveling layer 21 has been completed and dried. The selected waterproof coating has excellent waterproofing performance and adhesion, forming a continuous and dense waterproof membrane to further prevent moisture intrusion. The external waterproof membrane layer 22 is laid on top of the waterproof coating layer 22. Its material is similar to the internal waterproof membrane layer 12, possessing excellent waterproofing performance and effectively resisting the penetration of external rainwater, groundwater, etc. The surface layer 22 is the outermost protective structure of the outer wall waterproof structure 2. It not only protects the inner waterproof membrane layer 22 and waterproof coating layer 22 from physical damage from the external environment, such as wind, sun, rain and human impact, but also has a certain decorative function. Different materials and colors can be selected according to the needs of the building's appearance to make the building's appearance more beautiful and elegant.
[0025] In this embodiment, the expansion joint waterproofing mechanism 3 consists of, from the outside in, an outer waterproof layer 31, an asphalt-impregnated hemp fiber caulking layer 32, a loose sand caulking layer 33, a waterstop 36, a polystyrene foam layer 34, and an inner waterproof layer 35. The outer waterproof layer 31 is made of a material with high weather resistance and waterproofing properties, effectively resisting direct intrusion of rainwater, dew, and other external moisture, preventing moisture from penetrating into the expansion joint waterproofing mechanism 3. The asphalt-impregnated hemp fiber caulking layer 32 fills the gaps in the expansion joint. The asphalt-impregnated hemp fiber 32 has good flexibility and adhesion, allowing it to tightly adhere to the inner wall of the expansion joint. This not only effectively prevents moisture leakage but also adapts to minor displacements caused by temperature changes and settlement, maintaining good sealing performance. The loose sand caulking layer 33 has a certain degree of fluidity and cushioning. Filling the expansion joint further fills the gaps, reducing voids that may arise due to building deformation, providing additional cushioning protection for the expansion joint waterproofing mechanism 3, and also helping to disperse pressure, preventing damage to the structure of the expansion joint waterproofing mechanism 3 due to localized stress concentration.
[0026] A waterstop 36 is installed between the loose sand filler 33 and the inner waterproof layer 35. The waterstop 36 is generally made of elastic materials such as rubber or plastic, and its shape and material design give it excellent waterproof sealing performance. The waterstop 36 can maintain a tight seal even when the expansion joint expands or contracts, effectively preventing moisture from seeping through the gaps in the expansion joint. A polystyrene foam layer 34 is installed adjacent to the inner side of the waterstop 36. It has lightweight, heat-insulating, and cushioning properties. On the one hand, it provides some support and protection for the waterstop 36, preventing it from being excessively squeezed or damaged by external forces; on the other hand, its heat insulation performance can reduce the impact of temperature changes on the expansion joint area, reducing the risk of structural damage to the expansion joint waterproofing mechanism 3 due to temperature stress. The innermost inner waterproof layer 35 is made of high-quality waterproof material.
[0027] This utility model provides a waterproofing device suitable for underground engineering projects in coastal areas, comprising a wall waterproofing mechanism 1 and an expansion joint waterproofing mechanism 3. The wall waterproofing mechanism 1 includes an inner wall waterproofing structure 11 installed on the inner wall and an outer wall waterproofing structure 2 installed on the outer wall. The inner wall waterproofing structure 11 includes an inner waterproof membrane layer 12, an inner leveling layer 13, and a plain concrete pad layer 14. The outer wall waterproofing structure 2 includes an outer leveling layer 21, an outer waterproof coating layer 22, an outer waterproof membrane layer 22, and a surface layer 22. The expansion joint waterproofing mechanism 3, from the outside in, consists of an outer waterproofing layer 31, an asphalt-impregnated hemp fiber caulking layer 32, a loose sand caulking layer 33, a waterstop 36, a polystyrene foam layer 34, and an inner waterproofing layer 35. This multi-layered structural design significantly improves the waterproofing effect of the wall waterproofing mechanism 1 and the expansion joint waterproofing mechanism 3, effectively preventing the penetration of internal and external moisture and meeting the high waterproofing requirements of underground engineering projects in coastal areas.
[0028] In this embodiment, preferably, an annular structure 121 is formed at the position opposite to the inner waterproof membrane layer 12 and the polystyrene foam layer 34, and an elastic rod 122 is provided inside the annular structure 121. The presence of the elastic rod 122 not only enhances the structural stability of the inner waterproof membrane layer 12, allowing it to quickly recover its original shape when subjected to external pressure and maintain good waterproof performance, but also further fills any possible gaps, effectively preventing water penetration.
[0029] In this embodiment, preferably, the inner waterproof membrane layer 12 includes a first waterproof membrane layer 15 and a second waterproof membrane layer 16 arranged sequentially. The first waterproof membrane layer 15 and the second waterproof membrane layer 16 are tightly bonded together, forming a double waterproof barrier. The first waterproof membrane layer 15 is laid directly on the side closest to the interior of the expansion joint, and is typically made of a high-strength, wear-resistant modified bitumen waterproof membrane with excellent waterproof performance. The second waterproof membrane layer 16 is laid on top of the first waterproof membrane layer 15. To further enhance the waterproof effect, it often uses a polymer waterproof membrane. This type of membrane has excellent weather resistance, water resistance, and flexibility, and can maintain good waterproof performance under different temperature environments. Its molecular structure is compact, making it difficult for water molecules to penetrate. Furthermore, when faced with complex deformation at building expansion joints, it can expand and contract with the changes in the expansion joint due to its good flexibility, always maintaining the integrity of the waterproofing. The two waterproof membrane layers work together to exert their waterproofing effect from different angles and performance aspects, greatly enhancing the reliability of the inner waterproof membrane layer 12.
[0030] In this embodiment, preferably, the waterstop 36 includes a central waterstop section 361 and installation sections 362 located on opposite sides of the waterstop section 361. The installation sections 362 are respectively installed in the wall on opposite sides of the expansion joint, and fixing straps 363 are provided on both opposite sides of the installation sections 362. Multiple sets of fixing straps 363 are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the installation sections 362. During installation, the construction workers will pre-cut precisely fitting installation grooves in the corresponding positions of the wall to ensure that the installation sections 362 can be tightly embedded and form a stable bond with the wall. Multiple sets of fixing straps 363 are provided on both opposite sides of the installation sections 362, perpendicular to the installation sections 362. These multiple sets of fixing straps 363 are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the length of the installation sections 362, with two fixing straps 363 in each set, located on opposite sides of the installation sections 362. These fixing strips 363 are typically made of high-strength metal or the same reinforced material as the waterstop 36, possessing strong tensile and shear resistance. Each set of fixing strips 363 is firmly fixed to the wall using special anchoring methods, such as pre-embedded bolts or strong adhesives, thus securely anchoring the waterstop 36 within the wall and ensuring that it is not affected by external factors during long-term use.
[0031] In this embodiment, preferably, a hollow cylinder 364 is provided at the middle position of the waterstop section 361. The hollow cylinder 364 not only enhances the flexibility of the waterstop 36, enabling it to better adapt to the deformation of the expansion joint, but also plays a role in buffering and drainage to a certain extent, further improving the waterproofing effect of the expansion joint waterproofing mechanism 3.
[0032] In this embodiment, optionally, the inner waterproof layer 35 is an inner waterproof membrane layer 12, that is, the inner waterproof layer 35 also includes a first waterproof membrane layer 15 and a second waterproof membrane layer 16 that are tightly disposed together. The outer waterproof layer 31 is an outer waterproof coating layer 22, an outer waterproof membrane layer 22 and a surface layer 22, that is, the waterproof structure of the outer wall of the expansion joint waterproof mechanism 3 is the same as the outer wall waterproof structure 2, thereby improving the waterproof effect and aesthetics of the expansion joint waterproof mechanism 3.
[0033] The foregoing description only illustrates certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A waterproofing device suitable for underground engineering projects in coastal buildings, characterized in that, include: A wall waterproofing mechanism, comprising an inner wall waterproofing structure installed on the inner wall of the wall and an outer wall waterproofing structure installed on the outer wall of the wall. The inner wall waterproofing structure includes an inner waterproof membrane layer, an inner leveling layer, and a plain concrete pad layer. The outer wall waterproofing structure includes an outer leveling layer, an outer waterproof coating layer, an outer waterproof membrane layer, and a surface layer. The expansion joint waterproofing mechanism includes, from the outside to the inside, an outer waterproofing layer, an asphalt-fiber caulking layer, a loose sand filling layer, a polystyrene foam layer, and an inner waterproofing layer, with a waterstop strip provided between the loose sand filling layer and the polystyrene foam layer.
2. The waterproofing device for underground engineering projects in coastal buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner waterproof membrane layer and the polystyrene foam layer form a ring structure at the middle position opposite each other, and an elastic rod is provided inside the ring structure.
3. The waterproofing device for underground engineering projects in coastal buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner waterproof membrane layer includes a first waterproof membrane layer and a second waterproof membrane layer arranged sequentially.
4. The waterproofing device for underground engineering projects in coastal buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waterstop includes a waterstop section in the middle and installation sections on opposite sides of the waterstop section, which are respectively installed in the wall on opposite sides of the expansion joint.
5. The waterproofing device for underground engineering projects in coastal buildings according to claim 4, characterized in that, Fixing straps are provided on both sides of the installation section. There are multiple sets of fixing straps, and the multiple sets of fixing straps are arranged at intervals along the installation section.
6. The waterproofing device for underground engineering projects in coastal buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that, A hollow cylinder is provided in the middle of the water-stopping section.
7. The waterproofing device for underground engineering projects in coastal buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner waterproof layer includes the inner waterproof membrane layer.
8. The waterproofing device for underground engineering projects in coastal buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external waterproof layer includes the external waterproof coating layer, the external waterproof membrane layer, and the surface layer.