Economical and safe operation device of water-ring vacuum pump

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of water ring vacuum pumps, and discloses a water ring vacuum pump economical and safe operation device which comprises a condenser, a water ring vacuum pump, a steam-water separator and a cooler. The water ring type vacuum pump is located below the condenser, the water ring type vacuum pump is communicated with the condenser through a vacuum pipeline, the right side of the water ring type vacuum pump is communicated with the steam-water separator through a working water pipeline, the steam-water separator is communicated with the cooler through the working water pipeline, and the cooler is communicated with the condenser through the working water pipeline. The cooler is communicated with the water-ring vacuum pump through a working water pipeline, and a first remote temperature measuring element for detecting the temperature change of working water is arranged between the cooler and the water-ring vacuum pump and is remotely transmitted to a DCS (Distributed Control System); and the water-ring vacuum pump, the steam-water separator and the cooler form a closed-loop circulation. The utility model can solve the problem in the prior art that the water-ring vacuum pump deviates from the most economical and safe state to operate and cannot be found in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water ring vacuum pumps, specifically to an economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump. Background Technology

[0002] In power plants, to maintain the vacuum level of the condenser, a water ring vacuum pump is used to continuously extract non-condensable gases (such as air) from the condenser to maintain the vacuum level. Maintaining a high vacuum in the condenser ensures efficient operation of the steam turbine and high power generation efficiency. A steam turbine (also called a steam engine) is a rotating power device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy, widely used in power plants, ships, and industrial drives. Its core function is to drive a rotor to rotate using high-temperature, high-pressure steam, thereby driving a generator or other mechanical equipment.

[0003] In the operation of a water ring vacuum pump, the working water temperature plays a crucial role in its stable operation. Excessively high working water temperature can lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the water ring vacuum pump and even affect its normal operation.

[0004] Currently, power plants have extremely high environmental protection requirements for water use, demanding zero emissions and minimizing external wastewater discharge. To meet this requirement, industrial water is currently recycled. However, when industrial water enters the circulating water system, it is prone to clogging of the coolers due to water quality issues. Previously, due to the better water quality, the coolers could operate for extended periods without frequent maintenance. However, with the recycling of industrial water, impurities in the water gradually accumulate and remain in the equipment over long-term use, leading to a decrease in the cooling effect of the working water.

[0005] In addition, in summer, due to the high ambient temperature and the possibility of the cooler becoming dirty and thus reducing its cooling effect, the working water temperature often exceeds the design temperature. Currently, there are the following problems with the detection of working water temperature: (1) The problem of reduced cooling effect caused by industrial water recycling: In order to achieve zero discharge, power plants use industrial water for recycling. However, industrial water contains a lot of impurities. After long-term recycling, the impurities will gradually accumulate and remain in the cooler, which can easily lead to the blockage of the cooler and a decrease in cooling effect. This makes it difficult to control the working water temperature within a reasonable range, affecting the stable operation of the water ring vacuum pump. (2) The problem of working water temperature gauge detection: Since the working water temperature gauge is installed in the local location (i.e., the field location), the monitoring personnel cannot monitor the temperature changes in time and find abnormalities in time. In addition, due to the influence of the field environment, the detection accuracy of the working water temperature gauge is low, and there is a problem of inaccurate detection. This causes the water ring vacuum pump to be unable to always operate in the most economical and safe state, thus affecting the overall efficiency and stability of the system. (3) Problems with personnel judgment: Monitoring personnel judge temperature changes by touching the working water pipes. This method is not only inefficient, but also prone to misjudgment due to subjective errors, which cannot meet the needs of accurate monitoring. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present invention aims to provide an economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the deviation of a water ring vacuum pump from the most economical and safe operating state cannot be detected in time.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: an economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump, comprising a condenser for condensing steam, a water ring vacuum pump for maintaining a high vacuum in the condenser, a steam-water separator for separating a steam-water mixture, and a cooler for cooling the working water; the water ring vacuum pump is located below the condenser, and the water ring vacuum pump is connected to the condenser via a vacuum pipe; the right side of the water ring vacuum pump is connected to the steam-water separator via a working water pipe; the steam-water separator is connected to the cooler via a working water pipe; the cooler is connected to the water ring vacuum pump via a working water pipe; a first remote temperature measuring element for detecting changes in the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is provided between the cooler and the water ring vacuum pump; the temperature information detected by the first remote temperature measuring element is transmitted remotely to a DCS; the water ring vacuum pump, the steam-water separator, and the cooler form a closed-loop circulation.

[0008] The principle of this scheme is as follows: In practical applications, the water ring vacuum pump, steam-water separator, and cooler form a closed-loop cycle, namely, water ring vacuum pump – steam-water separator – cooler – water ring vacuum pump. The specific working process is as follows: The condenser condenses steam into water, thus creating a vacuum environment. Simultaneously, non-condensable gases and a very small amount of uncondensed steam in the condenser need to be extracted to maintain the system's vacuum state. The water ring vacuum pump uses working water as a medium to extract non-condensable gases and a small amount of steam from the condenser. These non-condensable gases, a small amount of steam, and the working water mix to form a steam-water mixture. This steam-water mixture is discharged from the water ring vacuum pump and enters the steam-water separator. In the steam-water separator, the mixture is separated by gravity or centrifugal force, separating the non-condensable gases from the working water. The separated non-condensable gases are discharged from the system, while the separated working water is recycled. The separated working water then enters a cooler for cooling. The cooler lowers the working water temperature through heat exchange to ensure it meets the operating requirements of the water ring vacuum pump. The cooled working water then re-enters the water ring vacuum pump, forming a closed-loop cycle for water resource recycling. This process not only ensures the efficient operation of the water ring vacuum pump but also achieves the recycling of working water, improving the overall system efficiency. Simultaneously, a remote temperature sensing element is installed between the cooler and the water ring vacuum pump, transmitting the detected working water temperature information to the DCS (Distributed Control System) for real-time monitoring of temperature changes in the cooled working water. This facilitates timely adjustments to the operating mode and cleaning of the cooler.

[0009] The advantages of this solution are: (1) This solution breaks the technical prejudice of "difficulty in detecting working water temperature and inability to clean coolers in a timely manner" in the existing technology. In the existing technology, the working water is recycled, and industrial water is also recycled, which causes impurities in the water to gradually accumulate and remain in the cooler, making the cooler prone to blockage and reducing the cooling effect. In addition, the working water temperature gauge is installed in the local location (i.e., the field location), and the monitoring personnel cannot monitor the temperature changes in a timely manner. However, this solution introduces a first remote temperature measuring element, which can monitor the temperature change of the working water after cooling in real time and feed the temperature data back to the operator in a timely manner, so as to facilitate the understanding of the system's operating status. This design enables temperature anomalies to be detected quickly, thereby avoiding the impact of excessively high or low temperatures on the performance of the water ring vacuum pump. At the same time, real-time temperature monitoring also provides data support for the maintenance and cleaning of the cooler, which helps to solve the problem of cooler blockage and further improves the operating efficiency and reliability of the system.

[0010] (2) By monitoring the temperature of the working water after cooling, the working water temperature entering the water ring vacuum pump is ensured to be within a reasonable range, thereby maintaining the efficient and stable operation of the water ring vacuum pump, maintaining the vacuum of the condenser, reducing the wear of the water ring vacuum pump caused by overheating or overcooling, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0011] (3) Temperature detection of working water after cooling can determine whether the cooling effect of working water is in the best state, thereby avoiding over-cooling or under-cooling, reducing energy waste and water waste.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, the first remote temperature measuring element is located on the side close to the water ring vacuum pump; the first remote temperature measuring element includes a temperature measuring body, a junction box is provided on the upper part of the temperature measuring body, and a wiring port is provided on one side of the temperature measuring body; a temperature measuring tube is provided at the bottom of the temperature measuring body for insertion into the working water pipe.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The positional design of the first remote temperature sensing element enables precise detection of the working water temperature entering the pump body, making the data more accurate and reliable, and avoiding delays and errors in remote temperature measurement; the structural design of the first remote temperature sensing element makes wire connection simpler and reduces the risk of mechanical damage to the wires and environmental damage to the wires; the insertion method into the working water pipe enables accurate detection of temperature changes, thereby enabling timely detection of abnormalities and taking corresponding measures.

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, the depth H of the temperature measuring tube inserted into the working water pipe is 45-55 mm.

[0015] Beneficial effects: An appropriate insertion depth ensures that the temperature sensing tube is fully in contact with the working water, resulting in more accurate and stable temperature readings and reducing the influence of the external environment on the measurement results. Simultaneously, a suitable depth design reduces data fluctuations caused by water flow fluctuations or localized temperature differences while maintaining measurement accuracy.

[0016] Preferably, as an improvement, the temperature measuring tube is covered with a protective sleeve; the lower end of the temperature measuring tube is provided with an external thread and a nut, and the temperature measuring tube is fixed to the working water pipe by threaded engagement with the external thread and the nut.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The external thread and nut design allows the temperature measuring tube to be firmly fixed to the working water pipe, preventing loosening or falling off due to vibration or water flow impact. It also provides good sealing performance to prevent fluid leakage or external impurities from entering the working water pipe. The protective sleeve plays a protective role and can improve the durability of the temperature measuring tube in harsh environments.

[0018] Preferably, as an improvement, the condenser is symmetrically provided with a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet, and the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet are connected to the condenser through a circulating water pipe; a second remote temperature measuring element for detecting changes in the circulating water outlet temperature is provided at the circulating water outlet.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The design of the circulating water inlet and outlet positions ensures uniform distribution of circulating water within the condenser. This uniform heat exchange improves the condenser's condensation efficiency, ensuring that steam is fully condensed into water. The circulating water pipeline continuously supplies cooling water to the condenser, ensuring efficient condensation. The second remote temperature sensing element allows for real-time monitoring of circulating water outlet temperature changes.

[0020] Preferably, as an improvement, the normal range of the temperature difference between the working water temperature and the circulating water outlet temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is -5℃ to 1℃.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The design of the difference range can accurately determine the relationship between the working water temperature and the circulating water outlet temperature, thereby timely detecting abnormalities in the working water temperature.

[0022] Preferably, as an improvement, when the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is greater than the circulating water outlet temperature and exceeds the range of the difference, a "high working water temperature" alarm is triggered; when the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is lower than the circulating water outlet temperature and exceeds the range of the difference, a "low working water temperature" alarm is triggered.

[0023] Beneficial effects: By measuring the working water temperature, circulating water outlet temperature, and the set difference range of the water ring vacuum pump, abnormalities in the working water temperature can be detected in a timely and accurate manner, facilitating corresponding adjustments and ensuring that the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is within a reasonable range. This avoids the performance of the water ring vacuum pump being affected by excessively high or low temperatures. Furthermore, the difference between the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump and the circulating water outlet temperature can be used to determine whether the cooling effect of the cooler is normal.

[0024] Preferably, as an improvement, the cooler is located below the steam-water separator; the cooler is provided with a cooler inlet and a cooler outlet.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The cooler is located below the steam-water separator, which facilitates the natural flow of the separated working water into the cooler by gravity and reduces the risk of pipe blockage; the design of the cooler inlet and outlet ensures that the cooling water flows fully within the cooler, achieving efficient heat exchange.

[0026] Preferably, as an improvement, a valve and an electric valve are connected between the condenser and the water ring vacuum pump.

[0027] Beneficial effects: Valves and electric valves can flexibly adjust the connection between the condenser and the water ring vacuum pump as needed, which facilitates the isolation of the condenser and the water ring vacuum pump, and makes equipment maintenance and repair convenient.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this solution are: (1) This solution solves the problem that the water ring vacuum pump cannot always operate in the most economical and safe state by detecting and judging the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump.

[0029] (2) By designing the working water temperature, circulating water outlet temperature and the difference range of the water ring vacuum pump, the problem of cavitation caused by high working water temperature is avoided, thereby extending the service life of the water ring vacuum pump. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump provided in this embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1 .

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump provided in this embodiment of the utility model. Figure 2 .

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first remote temperature sensing element in an economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump provided in this embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first remote temperature sensing element in an economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump provided in this embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first remote temperature sensing element in an economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump provided in this embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 . Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0036] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: condenser 1, circulating water inlet 101, circulating water outlet 102, condenser outlet 103, water ring vacuum pump 2, vacuum pump inlet 201, vacuum pump outlet 202, vacuum pump inlet 203, steam-water separator 3, steam-water separator inlet 301, working water supply inlet 302, steam-water separator outlet 303, cooler 4, cooler inlet 401, cooler outlet 402, first remote temperature measuring element 5, temperature measuring body 51, junction box 52, wiring port 53, temperature measuring tube 54, protective sleeve 55, external thread 56, nut 57, circulating water pipe 6, vacuum pipe 7, working water pipe 8, cooling water pipe 9, turbine steam 10, water ring 11, impeller 12, second remote temperature measuring element 13.

[0037] The implementation examples are basically as follows Figure 1 As shown: An economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump (also known as an optimized device for a water ring vacuum pump) includes a condenser 1 for condensing steam, a water ring vacuum pump 2 for maintaining a high vacuum in the condenser 1, a steam-water separator 3 for separating a steam-water mixture, and a cooler 4 for cooling the working water.

[0038] The condenser 1 is equipped with a circulating water inlet 101, a circulating water outlet 102, and a condenser outlet 103. The circulating water inlet 101 and the circulating water outlet 102 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the condenser 1 to transport circulating water and condense the steam discharged from the turbine (i.e., turbine steam 10) in the condenser 1 into water. The condenser outlet 103 is located below the circulating water outlet 102 and is used to discharge non-condensable gases and a small amount of residual steam in the condenser 1. The water ring vacuum pump 2 is equipped with a vacuum pump inlet 201, a vacuum pump outlet 202, and a vacuum pump water inlet 203. The vacuum pump inlet 201 is located on the left side of the water ring vacuum pump 2, and the vacuum pump outlet 202 and the vacuum pump water inlet 203 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the water ring vacuum pump 2. The steam-water separator 3 is equipped with a steam inlet 301, a working water inlet 302, and a steam-water outlet 303. The steam inlet 301 and the working water inlet 302 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the steam-water separator 3, and the steam-water outlet 303 is located at the bottom of the steam-water separator 3. The cooler 4 is equipped with a cooler inlet 401 and a cooler outlet 402. The cooler inlet 401 is located at the top of the cooler 4, and the cooler outlet 402 is located on the left side of the cooler 4.

[0039] In condenser 1, the circulating water inlet 101 and circulating water outlet 102 are connected and linked by circulating water pipe 6. A second remote temperature sensing element 13 for detecting changes in the circulating water outlet temperature is installed at the circulating water outlet 102. The condenser outlet 103 and the vacuum pump inlet 201 are connected by valves, electric valves, and vacuum pipe 7. The valves and electric valves are used to control the connection between condenser 1 and water ring vacuum pump 2. The vacuum pump exhaust port 202 is connected to the steam inlet of the steam-water separator. The outlets 301 and 401 are connected by a working water pipe 8 for transporting a steam-water mixture (a mixture of non-condensable gas, a small amount of steam, and working water). The outlet 303 of the steam-water separator is connected to the inlet 401 of the cooler by the working water pipe 8 for cooling the separated working water. The outlet 402 of the cooler is connected to the inlet 203 of the vacuum pump by the working water pipe 8, forming a closed loop. The cooled working water will re-enter the water ring vacuum pump 2. At the same time, a first remote temperature sensing element 5 is installed between the outlet 402 of the cooler and the inlet 203 of the vacuum pump to detect the temperature change of the working water in the water ring vacuum pump.

[0040] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the first remote temperature sensing element 5 includes a temperature sensing body 51, a junction box 52, a connection port 53, and a temperature sensing tube 54. Specifically, the junction box 52 for signal transmission is installed on the upper part of the temperature sensing body 51, and the connection port 53 for connecting signal lines is provided on the left side of the temperature sensing body 51. The design of the junction box 52 and the connection port 53 makes wire connection simpler and reduces the risk of mechanical damage to the wires and environmental damage to the wires. The temperature sensing tube 54 is arranged at the bottom of the temperature sensing body 51. The temperature sensing tube 54 is inserted into the working water pipe 8 to detect the temperature change of the working water of the water ring vacuum pump in real time, so as to accurately detect water temperature fluctuations, so as to detect abnormalities in time and take corresponding measures. The side of the temperature sensing tube 54 away from the temperature sensing body 51 is provided with an external thread 56 and a nut 57. The nut 57 is located above the external thread 56 and is used to press down on the working water pipe 8. The working water pipe 8 has an opening at a corresponding position and an internal threaded pipe is welded thereon, which fits with the external thread 54. The design of the external thread 56 and nut 57 allows the temperature measuring tube 54 to be securely fixed to the working water pipe 8, preventing loosening or detachment due to vibration or water flow impact. It also provides excellent sealing performance, preventing fluid leakage or external impurities from entering the working water pipe 8. The remaining portion of the temperature measuring tube 54 (i.e., the portion without the external thread 54) is fitted with a protective sleeve 55, which enhances the durability of the temperature measuring tube 54 in harsh environments.

[0041] When installing the first remote temperature sensing element 5, the bottom of the temperature sensing tube 54 passes through the opening and is inserted into the working water pipe 8. An external thread 54 is screwed into the internal threaded pipe to seal it and prevent fluid leakage. Simultaneously, the nut 57 is rotated to press down on the top of the working water pipe 8, thus achieving stable installation of the first remote temperature sensing element 5. In this embodiment, the first remote temperature sensing element 5 is an armored thermocouple (but not limited to armored thermocouples). It works through the thermoelectric effect, converting the detected temperature change into an electrical signal for measurement. The working principle of the armored thermocouple is based on the Seebeck effect, that is, when two homogeneous conductors (thermoelectrodes) of different compositions have a temperature gradient at their ends, a current will be generated in the circuit, thereby converting the temperature signal into an electrical signal and transmitting it to the DCS for analysis. In this embodiment, the thermoelectric wire material used in the armored thermocouple is type K, and the measurement range is 0-99℃.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, specifically in this embodiment, the protective sleeve 55 is made of 304 stainless steel, and its length L = 150mm, which completely covers the temperature measuring tube 54, thereby reducing damage to the temperature measuring tube 54 from the external environment. The diameter D of the external thread 56 is 20mm, and the nut 57 is a hexagonal nut of type M27. The insertion depth H of the temperature measuring tube 54 into the working water pipe is 45mm-55mm. Specifically, in this embodiment, the insertion depth H of the temperature measuring tube 54 into the working water pipe is 50mm. An appropriate insertion depth ensures that the temperature measuring tube 54 is in full contact with the working water, thereby obtaining a more accurate and stable temperature reading and reducing the influence of the external environment on the measurement results. At the same time, the appropriate depth design reduces data fluctuations caused by water flow fluctuations or local temperature differences while ensuring measurement accuracy.

[0043] In this example, both the first remote temperature sensing element 5 and the second remote temperature sensing element 13 are armored thermocouples. The difference between the first remote temperature sensing element 5 and the second remote temperature sensing element 13 lies in their installation positions.

[0044] Specifically, the workflow of the entire system is as follows:

[0045] In the turbine vacuum system of the 4×300MW units of the Qianbei Power Plant of State Power Investment Corporation Guizhou Jinyuan Group, each unit is equipped with two water ring vacuum pumps 2 (i.e., water ring vacuum pump 2 and B water ring vacuum pump).

[0046] During the initial startup phase, circulating water inlet 101 connects to the circulating water system via circulating water pipe 6. This circulating water enters condenser 1 and exits through circulating water outlet 102. In condenser 1, the circulating water cools the steam discharged from the low-pressure cylinder (a type of steam turbine), causing the steam to condense into water, which then flows out through circulating water outlet 102. After condensation, the steam's specific volume decreases rapidly, creating a vacuum within condenser 1, thus providing the necessary conditions for unit startup and operation. During stable operation, non-condensable gases (such as air) accumulate in condenser 1, affecting the vacuum level.

[0047] At this point, the water ring vacuum pump starts working, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the water ring vacuum pump 2 includes an impeller 12. Due to the rotation of the eccentric impeller 12, the working water inside the water ring vacuum pump 2 forms a water ring 11 under centrifugal force. This water ring, together with the blades on the impeller 12, forms several small cavities with periodically changing volumes, thereby achieving continuous intake, compression, and exhaust. This continuously extracts non-condensable gases from the condenser 1, ensuring optimal heat exchange and vacuum in the condenser 1. This, in turn, ensures efficient turbine operation and power generation, guaranteeing optimal turbine economy. The extracted non-condensable gases and a small amount of steam are discharged from the condenser outlet 103 and flow to the vacuum pump inlet 201, entering the water ring vacuum pump 2. There, they mix with the working water inside the water ring vacuum pump 2 to form a steam-water mixture. Next, the steam-water mixture flows out of the vacuum pump exhaust port 202 and into the steam-water separator inlet 301, where it enters the steam-water separator 3 for separation. The separated gas will be discharged from the system, while the separated working water will flow through the steam-water separator outlet 303 to the cooler inlet 401 and into the cooler 4. In the cooler 4, it will be cooled. The cooled working water will then flow from the cooler inlet 401 to the working water inlet and into the water ring vacuum pump 2, forming a water ring 11 again to extract non-condensable gases from the condenser 1, thereby maintaining the vacuum level of the condenser 1, ensuring the efficient operation of the steam turbine and the power generation efficiency, and forming a closed-loop cycle.

[0048] In this embodiment, a steam turbine (also called a steam engine) is a rotating power device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy. Its core function is to drive a rotor to rotate using high-temperature, high-pressure steam, thereby driving a generator. In this embodiment, a high vacuum means that the condenser 1 contains little or no non-condensable gas to ensure a high vacuum. It is generally judged by vacuum tightness; that is, after stopping the water ring vacuum pump 2, if the vacuum around the condenser 1 decreases at a rate of 133 Pa / min to 277 Pa / min, it is considered to be in a high vacuum, with 133 Pa / min being excellent and 277 Pa / min being acceptable.

[0049] In addition, the working water inlet 302 is connected to demineralized water and condensate through the working water pipe 8. This demineralized water and condensate serve as the supply source for the working water within the water ring vacuum pump 2. A stable supply of demineralized water and condensate ensures the normal and stable operation of the water ring vacuum pump and cooler, while also enabling efficient resource utilization and reducing water waste. The cooler 4 is connected to industrial water through the cooling water pipe 9. This industrial water serves as the medium for cooling the working water, ensuring that the industrial water temperature remains within a reasonable range.

[0050] Settings for the first remote temperature sensing element 5 and the second remote temperature sensing element 13:

[0051] In summer, due to the high ambient temperature, excessive amounts of industrial water are used as the cooling medium in cooler 4. At the same time, water quality issues (such as impurities and scale) can easily cause cooler 4 to become dirty, reducing heat exchange efficiency and thus decreasing cooling effect, which in turn exacerbates the rise in working water temperature.

[0052] During normal operation, the pressure at the vacuum pump inlet 201 of the water ring vacuum pump 2 is lower than the internal pressure of the condenser 1. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the vacuum inside the condenser 1 and the exhaust steam temperature; each exhaust steam temperature corresponds to a specific vacuum (equivalent to the relationship between saturation temperature and saturation pressure in thermodynamics). The exhaust steam temperature refers to the temperature of the steam entering the condenser 1 after the turbine has completed its work. All steam is indirectly cooled by circulating water and then pressurized by the condensate and feedwater pumps before entering the boiler.

[0053] When the working water temperature inside the water ring vacuum pump 2 is higher than the exhaust steam temperature, the working water inside the water ring vacuum pump 2 will vaporize because the pump inlet pressure is lower than the internal pressure of the condenser 1 during operation. This vaporization phenomenon will not only cause cavitation damage to the impeller 12 of the water ring vacuum pump 2, but also affect its normal operation, making it unable to effectively extract non-condensable gases from the condenser 1, thereby failing to maintain the vacuum level inside the condenser 1, affecting the unit's load-bearing capacity, and seriously impacting the safe use of the water ring vacuum pump 2.

[0054] The vacuum inside condenser 1 is related to the exhaust steam temperature, the circulating water outlet temperature, and the terminal temperature difference of condenser 1. The higher the vacuum, the lower the exhaust steam temperature of the turbine, the enhanced steam work capacity, and the improved turbine efficiency.

[0055] t s =t w +Δt+δt

[0056] In the formula:

[0057] t s —This corresponds to the saturation temperature under vacuum, i.e., the exhaust temperature;

[0058] t w —The temperature at which the circulating water enters condenser 1 is the circulating water inlet temperature;

[0059] Δt — Temperature rise of circulating water in condenser 1;

[0060] δt — heat transfer difference at the condenser terminals;

[0061] t b =t w +Δt

[0062] In the formula:

[0063] t w —The temperature at which the circulating water enters condenser 1 is the circulating water inlet temperature;

[0064] t b —The temperature at which the circulating water flows out of condenser 1 is the circulating water outlet temperature;

[0065] Δt — Temperature rise of circulating water in condenser 1;

[0066] As can be seen from the above formula, an increase in the circulating water outlet temperature will lead to an increase in the exhaust steam temperature, which in turn will cause the vacuum inside condenser 1 to decrease.

[0067] When the working water temperature inside the water ring vacuum pump 2 is lower than the circulating water outlet temperature, the water ring vacuum pump 2 can ensure that cavitation will not occur. However, using working water at too low a temperature will increase the cost of water production. Therefore, considering both factors, the working water temperature should be between the circulating water outlet temperature and the exhaust steam temperature to ensure that cavitation does not occur and to save costs.

[0068] This solution adds a temperature measuring point (i.e., the first remote temperature measuring element 5) between the cooler outlet 402 and the vacuum pump inlet 203, and a temperature measuring point (i.e., the second remote temperature measuring element 13) at the circulating water outlet 102 to detect temperature changes. The temperature changes are converted into electrical signals and transmitted to the DCS (Distributed Control System) for comparison between the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump (the working water temperature refers to the temperature of the working water about to enter the water ring vacuum pump 2) and the circulating water outlet temperature. The normal range of the difference between the circulating water outlet temperature and the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is -5℃ to 1℃. Within this range, the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is in a normal state. When the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is higher than the circulating water outlet temperature and exceeds the difference range, a "high working water temperature" alarm is triggered; when the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is lower than the circulating water outlet temperature and exceeds the difference range, a "low working water temperature" alarm is triggered. This serves as a reminder for the operator to adjust the operating mode in a timely manner to change the working water temperature, thereby enabling the water ring vacuum pump 2 to achieve the most economical and safe operating state.

[0069] Specifically, when the operating water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump exceeds the circulating water outlet temperature and the difference exceeds the specified range, a "high operating water temperature" alarm is triggered. This allows the operator to promptly detect the high operating water temperature of water ring vacuum pump 2, switch to another water ring vacuum pump 2 (i.e., water ring vacuum pump B 2), and notify maintenance personnel to clean and repair the cooler 4 of this water ring vacuum pump 2. After cleaning, operation continues, thereby indirectly reducing the operating water temperature, increasing the vacuum of condenser 1, and making the turbine operate more economically. It also prevents cavitation in water ring vacuum pump 2, extending its service life. For example, "when the first remote temperature sensing element 5 detects that the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is 30 degrees and the second remote temperature sensing element 13 detects that the circulating water temperature is 29 degrees, the temperature difference between the working water and the circulating water temperature is 1 degree. The working water temperature is greater than the circulating water temperature but does not exceed the difference range, so the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is in a normal state; when the first remote temperature sensing element 5 detects that the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is 33 degrees and the second remote temperature sensing element 13 detects that the circulating water temperature is 30 degrees, the temperature difference between the working water and the circulating water temperature is 3 degrees. The working water temperature is greater than the circulating water temperature and exceeds the difference range, so an alarm for "high working water temperature" is issued, so that the duty officer can promptly discover that the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump 2 is high and clean the cooler 4."

[0070] When the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is lower than the circulating water outlet temperature and exceeds the difference range, a "low working water temperature" alarm will occur. The operator can adjust the opening of the cooling water inlet and outlet valves of cooler 4 to appropriately reduce the amount of industrial water replenished in order to increase the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump.

[0071] This solution overcomes the technical biases in existing technologies where "working water temperature is difficult to detect and coolers cannot be cleaned in a timely manner." In existing technologies, working water and industrial water are recycled, leading to the gradual accumulation of impurities in the water within the cooler, easily causing blockage and reduced cooling efficiency. Especially in summer, when ambient temperatures are high, the amount of industrial water used as the cooling medium in cooler 4 increases. Water quality issues (such as impurities and scale) further exacerbate the fouling of cooler 4, reducing heat exchange efficiency and causing a rapid rise in working water temperature. Furthermore, because the working water temperature gauge is installed locally, monitoring personnel cannot easily monitor temperature changes in a timely manner, making it difficult to quickly detect abnormalities, thus affecting the economy and safety of the water ring vacuum pump 2.

[0072] This solution introduces a first remote temperature sensing element 5 and a second remote temperature sensing element 13 to monitor the temperature changes of the working water and the circulating water outlet temperature in real time, and promptly feeds the temperature data back to the operators to facilitate understanding of the system's operating status. (1) By monitoring the working water temperature and circulating water outlet temperature of the water ring vacuum pump in real time through the remote temperature sensing element, the operators can quickly detect temperature anomalies and avoid affecting the performance of the water ring vacuum pump 2 due to excessively high or low temperatures. At the same time, real-time temperature monitoring also provides data support for the maintenance and cleaning of the cooler 4, which helps to solve the problem of cooler 4 blockage and further improves the system's operating efficiency and reliability. (2) This solution ensures that the water ring vacuum pump 2 always operates in the most economical and safe state by detecting and judging the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump, and ensures that the working water temperature entering the water ring vacuum pump 2 is within a reasonable range, avoiding cavitation problems caused by excessively high temperatures and extending the service life of the equipment. (3) By monitoring the temperature of the working water after cooling, it is determined whether the cooling effect is in the best state, avoiding over-cooling or under-cooling, and reducing the waste of energy and water resources. (4) By ensuring that the working water temperature entering the water ring vacuum pump 2 is within a reasonable range, the efficient and stable operation of the water ring vacuum pump 2 can be maintained, as well as the vacuum degree of the condenser 1 can be maintained, reducing the wear of the water ring vacuum pump 2 caused by overheating or overcooling, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0073] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump, characterized in that: The system includes a condenser for condensing steam, a water ring vacuum pump for maintaining a high vacuum in the condenser, a steam-water separator for separating a steam-water mixture, and a cooler for cooling the working water. The water ring vacuum pump is located below the condenser and is connected to the condenser via a vacuum pipe. The right side of the water ring vacuum pump is connected to the steam-water separator via a working water pipe. The steam-water separator is connected to the cooler via a working water pipe. The cooler is connected to the water ring vacuum pump via a working water pipe. A first remote temperature sensing element is provided between the cooler and the water ring vacuum pump to detect changes in the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump. The temperature information detected by the first remote temperature sensing element is transmitted to the DCS. The water ring vacuum pump, the steam-water separator, and the cooler form a closed-loop circulation.

2. The economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first remote temperature measuring element is located on the side close to the water ring vacuum pump; the first remote temperature measuring element includes a temperature measuring body, a junction box is provided on the upper part of the temperature measuring body, and a wiring port is provided on one side of the temperature measuring body; a temperature measuring tube is provided at the bottom of the temperature measuring body for insertion into the working water pipe.

3. The economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The depth H of the temperature measuring tube inserted into the working water pipe is 45-55mm.

4. The economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature measuring tube is covered with a protective sleeve; the lower end of the temperature measuring tube is provided with an external thread and a nut, and the temperature measuring tube is fixed to the working water pipe by threaded engagement with the external thread and nut.

5. The economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condenser is symmetrically provided with a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet, which are connected to the condenser through a circulating water pipe; a second remote temperature measuring element for detecting changes in the circulating water outlet temperature is provided at the circulating water outlet.

6. The economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump according to claim 5, characterized in that: The normal range of temperature difference between the working water temperature and the circulating water outlet temperature of a water ring vacuum pump is -5℃ to 1℃.

7. The economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is greater than the circulating water outlet temperature and exceeds the specified difference range, a "high working water temperature" alarm is triggered; when the working water temperature of the water ring vacuum pump is lower than the circulating water outlet temperature and exceeds the specified difference range, a "low working water temperature" alarm is triggered.

8. The economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooler is located below the steam-water separator; the cooler is provided with a cooler inlet and a cooler outlet.

9. The economical and safe operating device for a water ring vacuum pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: A valve and an electric valve are connected between the condenser and the water ring vacuum pump.

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