Bidirectional damping type spring mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a two-way damping type spring mechanism, which belongs to the technical field of dampers and comprises a mounting seat, a piston rod and an elastic element, the piston rod movably penetrates through the mounting seat, the elastic element is used for applying acting force between the mounting seat and the piston rod, and a damping medium is filled on a relative sliding surface of the mounting seat and the piston rod. And the damping self-recovery motion form of the spring combined mechanism is realized through the interaction of the damping medium and the elastic element. The damping medium is a liquid medium, the liquid damping medium forms damping force through viscous force, the external acting force of the elastic element cannot be changed, only the stress change speed of the elastic element is reduced, and the effect of eliminating high-frequency resonance is achieved in the working process of the elastic element. The damping effect of the spring mechanism can be adjusted by changing the viscosity of the damping medium. As the damping medium does not need to bear a high-pressure state, the sealing requirement on the spring mechanism is obviously reduced, and the service life is long.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of damper technology, specifically a bidirectional damping spring mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] The functional requirements for elastic elements in fields such as mechanical equipment, precision instruments, and automation equipment are becoming increasingly diversified and personalized. Different application scenarios have put forward different requirements for the performance of elastic elements: for example, high-speed motion mechanisms rely on the rapid rebound energy of elastic elements to improve response efficiency; precision positioning systems require elastic elements to provide constant thrust to maintain stability; energy storage devices utilize the deformation energy storage characteristics of elastic elements to achieve energy recovery; and shock absorption mechanisms need to suppress vibration transmission through the damping characteristics of elastic elements.

[0003] Among them, wire springs, with their high elastic modulus and rebound coefficient, can quickly release stored elastic potential energy. However, their inherent stiffness characteristics easily lead to resonance phenomena, especially under cyclic loads or high-frequency excitation conditions. Resonance problems can cause a decrease in system stability and even structural fatigue damage. Rubber springs provide damping through the viscoelasticity of polymer materials, but their rebound coefficient is significantly affected by factors such as temperature and aging, and their performance is prone to degradation over long-term use. Furthermore, low-frequency resonance problems cannot be avoided. Gas springs and hydraulic springs can achieve damped motion, but the damping speed of gas springs is limited by the sealing structure design, making dynamic adjustment difficult. Hydraulic springs, due to the nonlinear characteristics of fluid viscosity and pipeline resistance, suffer from sluggish damping response and low control precision. In addition, both rely on high-pressure sealing technology, and long-term use can easily lead to media leakage due to seal failure.

[0004] Patent CN221501506U discloses a shock-absorbing suspension rod assembly for a washing machine. The core structure comprises a composite elastic element applied to the sidewall of the sleeve. When the sleeve slides, the viscous damping sleeve in the composite elastic element slides between two buffer washers, providing axial damping force to the sleeve. Furthermore, a friction damping force is generated between the friction damping cylinder and the inner wall of the chamber, weakening the radial vibration of the sleeve. However, the damping force of the composite elastic element is achieved through the sliding friction of the solid material, exhibiting rebound properties. During its operation, the magnitude of the force exerted by the elastic element on the external environment changes, and the solid elastic element still suffers from resonance effects. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bidirectional damping spring mechanism to solve the problems mentioned in the prior art.

[0006] A bidirectional damping spring mechanism is provided, comprising:

[0007] The mounting base, piston rod, and elastic element are provided. The piston rod moves through the mounting base, and the elastic element applies an elastic force between the mounting base and the piston rod. The relative sliding surfaces of the mounting base and the piston rod are filled with a damping medium.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the elastic element is a compression spring, which is clamped between the mounting base and the piston rod.

[0009] A compression spring is clamped between the mounting base and the piston rod, providing linear elastic force. Due to its inherent stiffness, the compression spring offers a high elastic modulus. By combining the compression spring with a liquid damping medium, resonance in the spring mechanism can be eliminated in a wide range of applications, and the spring's rebound speed can be slowed, providing a foundation for applications where the release of elastic force requires speed.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the inner wall of the mounting base is provided with a receiving groove along the circumferential direction, and the damping medium is filled in the receiving groove.

[0011] The receiving groove on the inner wall of the mounting base is used to uniformly fill the damping medium, ensuring that the damping medium has a certain laminar thickness and that the interlayer interaction force of the damping medium fluid is fully utilized. The receiving groove is an annular groove to ensure that the damping medium completely covers the sliding surface and avoids uneven local friction.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the side wall of the mounting base has an oil delivery hole that communicates with the receiving groove.

[0013] The oil inlet is connected to the receiving tank and is used for filling or replacing the damping medium. By injecting damping media of different viscosities through the oil inlet, the damping coefficient can be dynamically adjusted.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the oil delivery hole is internally threaded with a plug.

[0015] The plug is threaded into the oil inlet to ensure a reliable seal. When the damping medium operates in a high-temperature environment, it expands due to the high temperature. The mechanical locking force of the threaded connection ensures that the plug will not be blown open by the internal stress of the damping medium.

[0016] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the inner walls of the mounting base adjacent to both ends of the damping medium are respectively provided with sealing elements.

[0017] The seals are located at both ends of the damping medium and use O-rings or lip seals to prevent leakage of the damping medium or intrusion of external contaminants.

[0018] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a baffle is detachably connected to one end of the piston rod that cooperates with the elastic element.

[0019] The baffle is connected to the end of the piston rod by threads or a snap ring, limiting the elastic element. The detachable structure facilitates the replacement of the elastic element or adjustment of the preload.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the end of the piston rod extends radially to form a stop boss, and the end of the through hole of the mounting seat is recessed inward to form a stop groove that can cooperate with the stop boss.

[0021] The stop boss of the piston rod cooperates with the stop groove of the mounting seat to limit the piston rod stroke, prevent the elastic element from over-travel compression or stretching, and avoid plastic deformation.

[0022] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the end of the piston rod is provided with a mating part.

[0023] The mating part at the end of the piston rod can be designed as a thread, groove, threaded hole, etc., to connect to external workpieces and accommodate different installation requirements.

[0024] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the mounting base is provided with a mounting flange.

[0025] The mounting flange is fixed to external equipment via bolt holes, simplifying the connection process between the spring mechanism and the main unit. The flange structure distributes the load, reducing local stress concentration.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0027] 1. The combined damping force return motion of the spring mechanism is achieved through the interaction between the damping medium and the elastic element. The damping medium is a liquid medium. The liquid damping medium forms a damping force through viscosity, which does not change the magnitude of the force exerted by the elastic element on the external environment, but only reduces the stress change rate of the elastic element, so that the elastic element can achieve the effect of eliminating high-frequency resonance during operation.

[0028] 2. The damping effect of the spring mechanism can be adjusted by changing the damping medium with different viscosity properties, and the damping effect is easy to adjust. Since the damping medium does not need to withstand high pressure, the sealing requirements of the spring mechanism are significantly reduced, resulting in a long service life.

[0029] 3. Since the damping medium changes the rate of stress change of the elastic element, this spring mechanism is convenient for applications where there are speed requirements for the release of elastic force. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this drawing or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this drawing. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram (A) shows the usage state of a bidirectional damping spring mechanism.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram (B) showing the usage state of a two-way damping spring mechanism.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting base provided by this utility model.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Mounting base; 11. Receiving groove; 12. Oil inlet; 13. Plug; 14. Mounting flange; 15. Stop groove; 2. Piston rod; 21. Baffle; 22. Stop boss; 23. Mating part; 3. Elastic element; 4. Damping medium; 5. Seal. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be described and explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided by this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0036] Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are merely some examples or embodiments of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can apply this utility model to other similar scenarios without any creative effort. Furthermore, it is understood that although the efforts made in this development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art related to the content disclosed in this utility model, any changes to the design, manufacturing, or production methods based on the disclosed technical content are merely conventional technical means and should not be construed as insufficient disclosure of this utility model.

[0037] However, there may be instances where unnecessary detailed descriptions are omitted. For example, detailed descriptions of well-known matters or repetitive descriptions of essentially the same structures may be omitted. This is to avoid making the following description unnecessarily lengthy and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings and the following description are provided to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand this utility model and are not intended to limit the subject matter of the claims.

[0038] Please see Figure 1-3 As shown, the bidirectional damping spring mechanism in this embodiment of the present invention includes a mounting base 1, a piston rod 2, and an elastic element 3. The piston rod 2 moves through the mounting base 1, and the elastic element 3 is used to apply an elastic force between the mounting base 1 and the piston rod 2. The relative sliding surfaces of the mounting base 1 and the piston rod 2 are filled with a damping medium 4.

[0039] Mounting base 1 is installed on the foundation surface of the application environment, transferring the internal stress of the spring mechanism to the foundation. When piston rod 2 moves relative to mounting base 1, elastic element 3 provides elastic force to the foundation. Damping medium 4 is a liquid medium, filling the relative sliding surface between mounting base 1 and piston rod 2, forming damping force through viscous resistance. Elastic element 3 and damping medium 4 together form a combined damping self-recovering effect. The liquid medium has no elastic hysteresis, only slowing down the stress change rate of elastic element 3. The synergistic effect of elastic element 3 and damping medium 4 allows for slow recovery after stretching or compression of elastic element 3. Liquid damping medium 4 has no inherent stiffness; high-frequency vibration energy is converted into heat energy and dissipated. By absorbing high-frequency vibration energy through viscous damping, the resonance phenomenon of elastic element 3 is eliminated.

[0040] The elastic element 3 is a linear transmission spring such as a helical compression spring or a rubber spring. The linear transmission direction is the same as the sliding direction of the piston rod 2, so as to avoid uneven distribution of friction force caused by the piston rod 2 being unbalanced.

[0041] The inner wall of the mounting base 1 has a circumferentially oriented receiving groove 11. The receiving groove 11 is a groove structure that is continuously arranged in a ring along the inner wall of the mounting base 1, and the damping medium 4 is filled in the receiving groove 11. The edges of the receiving groove 11 are chamfered or rounded to avoid contact and wear between the piston rod 2 and the sharp edges. The chamfering arrangement increases the contact effect between the piston rod 2 and the damping medium 4 to a certain extent, so that the surface viscosity of the damping medium 4 is quickly triggered when the piston rod 2 moves, and the interlayer viscosity is transmitted to the depth of the damping medium 4 in the first time.

[0042] The spring mechanism is a single compression spring arrangement. A single elastic element 3 is installed between the mounting base 1 and the piston rod 2. The spring guide surface formed on the outer wall of the mounting base 1 guides the movement direction of the elastic element 3. The damping medium 4 is filled in the receiving groove 11 of the mounting base 1, covering the sliding surface of the piston rod 2. One end of the elastic element 3 is fixed to the positioning platform of the mounting base 1, and the other end cooperates with one end of the piston rod 2 for limiting. The other end of the piston rod 2 passes through the interior of the mounting base 1 and exits from the mounting base 1.

[0043] A suitable release gap should be maintained between the elastic element 3 and the spring guide post surface of the mounting base 1 to prevent the elastic element 3 from causing poor movement during operation.

[0044] Mounting base 1 is provided with mounting flange 14 for threaded connection between bidirectional damping spring mechanism and external mounting base surface.

[0045] A baffle 21 is detachably connected to one end of the piston rod 2 that mates with the elastic element 3. The baffle 21 and the piston rod 2 can be connected by threads, snap rings, or bolts, providing a limiting platform for the elastic element 3, thus confining the elastic element 3 between the baffle 21 and the stop surface of the mounting base 1. The baffle 21 can be provided with bidirectional mounting holes, which can be used to achieve a detachable connection with the piston rod 2 on the one hand, and to connect with a moving workpiece on the other hand, transmitting the force of the moving workpiece.

[0046] For ease of description, the end of the piston rod 2 that is assembled with the baffle 21 will be referred to as the stop end of the piston rod 2, and the end of the piston rod 2 that is away from the baffle 21 will be referred to as the through end of the piston rod 2.

[0047] In one specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the movable workpiece is fixedly connected to the through end of the piston rod 2 by means of threads or other methods. When the movable workpiece is stretched away from the mounting base 1 due to external force, the elastic element 3 compresses and stores energy. After the external force is removed, the elastic element 3 releases its elastic force to push the piston rod 2 back to its original position. Due to the combined action of the elastic element 3 and the damping medium 4, the movable workpiece will achieve a damped movement towards the mounting base 1. At the same time, the damping medium 4 slows down the rebound speed and eliminates high-frequency vibration.

[0048] In one specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the movable workpiece is fixedly connected to the stop end of the piston rod 2 by means of threads or other methods. When the movable workpiece is compressed and moves close to the mounting base 1 due to external force, the elastic element 3 compresses and stores energy. After the external force is removed, the elastic element 3 releases its elastic force to push the piston rod 2 back to its original position. Due to the combined action of the elastic element 3 and the damping medium 4, the movable workpiece will achieve a damped movement away from the mounting base 1. At the same time, the damping medium 4 slows down the rebound speed and eliminates high-frequency vibration.

[0049] By adjusting the mounting end of the moving workpiece and piston rod 2, while maintaining the linear deformation of the elastic element 3, the moving workpiece can achieve tensile or compressive damped motion. When the moving workpiece is released, it can achieve damped return, which is convenient for combination with mechanisms with motion time or speed correlation requirements, or for use in applications with resonance isolation requirements. It has the advantages of compact system structure and stable performance.

[0050] The side wall of the mounting base 1 has an oil inlet 12 that communicates with the receiving tank 11. The oil inlet 12 is used to inject the damping medium 4 into the receiving tank 11 or to discharge the damping medium 4 for easy replacement. By injecting damping medium 4 of different viscosities, the damping coefficient can be dynamically adjusted.

[0051] The damping medium 4 is injected through the oil inlet 12 on the mounting base 1. After completion, the plug 13 is screwed into the thread of the oil inlet 12 to complete the filling of the damping medium 4. After the plug 13 is screwed in, it should not protrude from the spring guide post surface of the mounting base 1 to avoid interference with the elastic element 3.

[0052] Sealing elements 5 are respectively provided on the inner walls of the mounting base 1 adjacent to both ends of the damping medium 4. The sealing elements 5 are O-rings or lip seals. The sealing elements 5 are installed into the sealing grooves of the mounting base 1, with one or more sealing grooves at each end of the receiving groove 11. The piston rod 2 is inserted through the mounting base 1, and there is a tight compression contact between the piston rod 2 and the sealing element 5, and the piston rod 2 can slide relative to the sealing element 5.

[0053] The piston rod 2 extends radially to form a stop boss 22, and the end of the through hole of the mounting base 1 is recessed inward to form a stop groove 15 that can cooperate with the stop boss 22. This is used to limit the movement stroke of the piston rod 2, thereby constraining the deformation degree of the elastic element 3 after being subjected to force, preventing the elastic element 3 from being over-traveled, compressed or stretched, and avoiding plastic deformation.

[0054] The piston rod 2 has a mating part 23 at its end. The mating part 23 of the piston rod 2 can be designed as a thread, groove, screw hole, etc., to connect to external workpieces and be compatible with different installation requirements.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] Damping medium 4 is an adjustable liquid damper based on silicone oil, and is composed of the following components:

[0057] 85%–92% dimethyl silicone oil is used as the base carrier, and the viscosity range of the dimethyl silicone oil is 50 cSt–1000 cSt;

[0058] 3%–8% nano-silica is used as a thickener, with the nano-silica particle size ranging from 10 nm to 50 nm;

[0059] 1%–2% phenyl glycidyl ether is used as an antioxidant;

[0060] 2%–3% molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles are used as an anti-wear agent;

[0061] 1% to 2% of graphene microflakes are used as conductive particles, and the particle size of the graphene microflakes is ≤5μm.

[0062] By adjusting the viscosity of dimethyl silicone oil and the silica content, the damping force can be continuously controlled from low to high hysteresis. The viscosity change rate of the silicone oil-based medium is ≤15% within the temperature range of -40℃ to 150℃, avoiding damping failure due to temperature rise. The composite effect of nanoparticles and conductive materials can suppress cavitation effects and resonance peaks in the liquid medium. The silica thickening network dynamically reorganizes under shear force, reducing media aging and stratification after long-term use. This damping medium is suitable for precision instruments.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Damping medium 4 is a magnetorheological composite liquid damper, composed of the following components:

[0065] 75%–80% synthetic hydrocarbon hydraulic oil as the base carrier, ISO VG 22–68;

[0066] 3%–5% oleic acid-coated nano-alumina was used as a dispersant;

[0067] 2%–3% lithium-based bentonite was used as a thixotropic agent.

[0068] By controlling the chain-like structure of iron powder with an external magnetic field, the damping force can be dynamically adjusted at the millisecond level, making it suitable for active damping systems. The synergistic effect of dispersants and thixotropic agents ensures the magnetic particles maintain suspension stability for ≥6 months. This damping medium 4 is suitable for active control scenarios.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] Damping medium 4 is a thermosensitive viscous medium, composed of the following components:

[0071] A blend of polyalphaolefin (PAO) and ionic liquid is used as the matrix material, with a PAO:ionic liquid ratio of 7:3.

[0072] 5%–8% of thermally expandable microspheres are used as temperature-sensitive additives. The outer shell of the thermally expandable microspheres is an acrylonitrile copolymer, the core is isopentane, and the particle size ranges from 10 μm to 100 μm.

[0073] 2%–3% shape memory polymer microfilaments, which are polycaprolactone-based and 0.5 mm–2 mm in length.

[0074] When the temperature exceeds 50℃, the expansion of the microspheres increases the viscosity of the medium by 3 to 5 times, suppressing high-frequency vibrations and achieving adaptive viscosity reduction. The microfilaments undergo phase change and endothermic reaction during shear deformation, converting mechanical energy into thermal energy. The ionic liquid component reduces swelling and corrosion of rubber seals. This damping medium 4 is designed for conditions with severe temperature variations.

[0075] By combining a basic carrier with functional additives, the limitations of a single medium in terms of adjustable range and response speed are overcome.

[0076] It should be noted that this utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and function as the technical concept within the scope of this utility model are included within the technical scope of this utility model. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, are also included within the scope of this utility model without departing from the spirit of this utility model.

Claims

1. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism, characterized in that, include: The mounting base (1), piston rod (2), and elastic element (3) are provided. The piston rod (2) moves through the mounting base (1). The elastic element (3) is used to apply an elastic force between the mounting base (1) and the piston rod (2). The relative sliding surfaces of the mounting base (1) and the piston rod (2) are filled with a damping medium (4).

2. The bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element (3) is a compression spring, which is clamped between the mounting base (1) and the piston rod (2).

3. The bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the mounting base (1) is provided with a receiving groove (11) along the circumferential direction, and the damping medium (4) is filled in the receiving groove (11).

4. The bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side wall of the mounting base (1) has an oil delivery hole (12) that communicates with the receiving groove (11).

5. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The oil delivery hole (12) is internally threaded with a plug (13).

6. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (1) is provided with sealing elements (5) on the inner wall adjacent to both ends of the damping medium (4).

7. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle (21) is detachably connected to one end of the piston rod (2) that cooperates with the elastic element (3).

8. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston rod (2) extends radially to form a stop boss (22), and the end of the through hole of the mounting base (1) is recessed inward to form a stop groove (15) that can cooperate with the stop boss (22).

9. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston rod (2) has a mating part (23) at its end.

10. A bidirectional damping spring mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (1) is provided with a mounting flange (14).

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