Water seal cylinder for medium-length hole blasting

Abstract

The utility model provides a water seal cylinder for medium-length hole blasting, belongs to the technical field of blasting engineering, and solves the problems that an existing water bag is inconvenient to install, easy to damage, inaccurate in placement position and troublesome in water bag manufacturing in blasting construction. The two ends of the water seal cylinder are fixed through the gradually-changed circular ring wedge-shaped grooves and the closed ends, a plurality of water absorption holes are evenly formed in the outer wall of the water seal cylinder, and due to the design of the water seal cylinder, the convenience of field installation can be guaranteed, it is guaranteed that water is sufficient, the energy transmission efficiency of stress waves is improved, energy loss is reduced, the water wedge effect is enhanced, and dust pollution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of blasting engineering technology, specifically relating to a water seal cylinder for medium-deep hole blasting. Background Technology

[0002] In existing blasting techniques, an air medium exists between the explosive and the borehole. The detonation wave generated after the explosion compresses and does work in the air, resulting in energy loss and a significant reduction in the intensity of the stress wave transmitted to the rock mass. To overcome this technical deficiency, a water-sealed cylinder is proposed to achieve efficient energy transfer through a water medium.

[0003] Hydraulic blasting is widely used in engineering projects such as mine roadway excavation, tunnel construction, and slope excavation. In traditional blasting, there is usually an air medium between the explosive and the borehole. When the detonation wave generated after the explosion encounters air, some energy is lost, as the compressed air does work and consumes the explosive energy, significantly reducing the intensity of the stress wave transmitted to the rock mass. To reduce energy loss, water-sealed bags are often used in actual blasting operations to place water and explosive together in the borehole, filling the space between the explosive and the borehole wall. Since water is an incompressible medium, its influence on stress wave propagation is relatively small. Therefore, the energy loss when the detonation wave is transmitted to the surrounding rock through the water medium is less, and the intensity of the generated stress wave is usually higher than that of traditional blasting, thus improving the rock mass fracturing effect. Under the action of the explosive gas, a large amount of energy is temporarily stored in the water medium, and the water is forced into the rock mass fissures, producing a "water wedge effect." At the crack tip, the water medium causes stress concentration, forming a wedge-like effect, allowing the crack to fully expand and extend, which helps to further fracture the surrounding rock. In addition, after the explosive detonates, water is transformed into water mist particles under high temperature and pressure conditions. These particles collide and adsorb with dust particles in the air, condensing into larger particles, thereby effectively reducing the dust concentration.

[0004] Currently, most commonly used water-sealed blasting bags are made of PVC film, which is easily torn or ruptured under pressure during use, leading to water leakage. This not only affects the blasting effect but also poses safety hazards during construction. Existing water-sealed blasting devices require tearing open the outer packaging to insert the bag, filling it with water using a matching water filling machine, and then assembling it – a process that is too complex and difficult to implement on-site. Furthermore, it has been found that the water bags are easily damaged by pressure during loading, and installation is inconvenient, causing the dust-suppressing liquid and explosives to easily squeeze each other, further leading to dust-suppressing liquid leakage and loss of dust-suppressing effect. Therefore, developing a new type of water-sealed cylinder with a simple structure, low cost, and convenient installation is of great significance for improving blasting efficiency, reducing damage to surrounding rock, and lowering dust concentration. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water seal cylinder for medium-deep hole blasting, in order to solve the problems of existing water bags in blasting operations, such as inconvenient installation, easy damage, inaccurate placement, and troublesome manufacturing.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is: a water seal cylinder for medium-deep hole blasting. The water seal cylinder is a hollow cylinder with open ends. Multiple water absorption holes are evenly distributed throughout the outer wall of the water seal cylinder. The inside of the water seal cylinder is filled with sponge. One end of the water seal cylinder is connected to a gradually changing circular wedge groove. The gradually changing circular wedge groove is a wedge-shaped structure composed of a frustum ring wall and a cylinder with a central hole. Multiple notches are evenly distributed along the circumference of the frustum ring wall. The other end of the water seal cylinder is connected to a closed end, which is an inverted conical cylindrical structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the inner wall of the end where the water seal cylinder is connected to the gradient ring wedge groove is provided with a screw-out thread, and the outer circular surface of the ring of the gradient ring wedge groove is provided with a screw-out thread. The water seal cylinder and the gradient ring wedge groove are connected by threads.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the small-diameter end of the truncated cone ring wall is integrally formed with the cylinder, the height of the cylinder is 1-4cm, and the height of the notch is 2-6cm.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the end of the water seal cylinder and the closed end are connected by a limiting circumferential groove.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the sponge has a porous internal structure.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0012] (1) High-efficiency gap: The water seal cylinder is positioned by the difference in aperture, ensuring that the device can be accurately placed in the designated position. After the water-absorbing sponge is saturated with water, it forms a water gap, which improves the blasting efficiency.

[0013] (2) Convenient installation: The closed-end conical bottom design makes the device easy to guide and install, simple to operate, and saves construction time; the tapered design of the gradient ring wedge groove bottom can ensure that the device is placed in the designated position of the upward hole, avoiding the problem of inaccurate installation;

[0014] (3) Continuous water seal: The absorbent sponge has good water absorption and water retention properties, forming a continuous water seal effect, reducing dust and noise pollution, and improving the construction environment;

[0015] (4) The water seal cylinder has significant advantages such as simple structure, low manufacturing cost and convenient installation. The design of the gradient circular wedge groove ensures the self-stability and accurate positioning of the device in the upward hole. The water medium formed after the water-absorbing sponge is saturated with water effectively improves the utilization rate of blasting energy and significantly reduces dust pollution and noise in blasting operations, providing an ideal solution for efficient and environmentally friendly blasting operations.

[0016] This invention achieves both self-stability and ease of installation through an optimized design of the water-sealed cylinder and the gradient annular wedge-shaped groove structure. The absorbent sponge creates a water wedge effect during blasting, effectively improving the utilization rate of explosive energy and reducing dust pollution and harmful gas emissions. Furthermore, the device is low-cost to manufacture, easy to operate, and suitable for various blasting environments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water seal cylinder of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the closed end structure in the water seal cylinder of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gradient annular wedge-shaped groove structure in the water seal cylinder of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the water seal cylinder of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the use of a water seal cylinder during deep-hole blasting in an open-air bench.

[0022] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the use of a water seal cylinder during deep-hole blasting in an upward fan-shaped configuration.

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Gradual ring wedge groove; 11-Cylinder; 12-Frustum ring wall; 13-Notch; 2-Water suction hole; 3-Water seal cylinder; 4-Closed end; 41-Limiting circumferential groove buckle; 42-Groove; 5-Sponge; 6-Water seal cylinder; 7-Digital electronic detonator; 8-Wire; 9-Upward blast hole; 10-Explosive; 11-Coarse aggregate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a water seal cylinder for medium-deep hole blasting is provided. The water seal cylinder 3 is a hollow cylinder with open ends. Multiple water absorption holes 2 are evenly distributed through the outer wall of the water seal cylinder 3. The interior of the water seal cylinder 3 is filled with sponge 5. One end of the water seal cylinder 3 is connected to a gradually changing circular wedge groove 1. The gradually changing circular wedge groove 1 is a wedge-shaped structure composed of a frustum ring wall 12 and a cylinder 11 with a central hole. Multiple notches 13 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the frustum ring wall 12. The other end of the water seal cylinder 3 is connected to a closed end 4. The closed end 4 is an inverted conical cylindrical structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0026] The inner wall of the end of the water seal cylinder 3 connected to the gradient annular wedge groove 1 is provided with a screw-out thread, and the outer circular surface of the gradient annular wedge groove 1 is provided with a screw-out thread. The water seal cylinder 3 and the gradient annular wedge groove 1 are connected by threads. The small-diameter end of the frustum ring wall 12 is integrally formed with the cylinder 11. The height of the cylinder 11 is 1-4cm, and the height of the notch is 2-6cm. The end of the water seal cylinder 3 is connected to the closed end 4 by a limiting circumferential groove buckle 41. The sponge 5 has a porous internal structure.

[0027] The application and construction method of this utility model includes the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: Place the sponge 5 inside the water seal cylinder 3, connect the gradient ring wedge groove 1 and the closed end 4 to both ends of the water seal cylinder 3 respectively, and put the assembled water seal cylinder 3 into the water to make it absorb water to reach saturation.

[0029] Step 2: When using blasting with the borehole opening facing upwards, insert a water-saturated water seal cylinder 3 from the gradually changing ring wedge groove 1 towards the borehole opening to the bottom of the borehole 9. Fill the sealed end 4 with explosive 10. Then, insert another water-saturated water seal cylinder 3 from the sealed end 4 towards the borehole opening above the explosive 10. Fill the space between its gradually changing ring wedge groove 1 and the borehole opening with coarse aggregate 11. After ensuring that all parameters are qualified, the detonation operation can be carried out.

[0030] When used in blasting with the borehole facing downwards, a water-saturated water seal cylinder 3 is pushed from the closed end 4 toward the borehole to the end of the upper borehole 9. Explosive 10 is filled below the gradually changing circular wedge groove 1. After ensuring that all parameters are qualified, the detonation operation can be carried out.

[0031] When used in blasting with the orifice above, place the water-saturated water seal cylinder 3 0.5-2 meters away from the orifice; when used in blasting with the orifice below, place the water seal cylinder 3 0.3-1 meters away from the orifice.

[0032] The outer diameter of the water seal cylinder 3 is 2-10 mm smaller than the diameter of the upward borehole 9, and the thickness is 1 mm; the large diameter end diameter of the frustum ring wall 12 is 4-8 cm larger than the borehole diameter.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment uses deep-hole blasting in an open-air bench as an example, i.e., blasting with the hole opening facing upwards. The hole opening diameter is 310mm and the length is 12m.

[0035] The water seal cylinder 3 and the gradient annular wedge groove 1 are made of high-strength pressure-resistant plastic or antistatic nylon material, and are manufactured by injection molding technology. The outer diameter of the water seal cylinder 3 is 2-10 mm smaller than the diameter of the upward borehole 9, and the thickness is 1 mm. The outer wall of the water seal cylinder 3 is evenly arranged with 10 rows and 6 columns of water suction holes 2. The diameter of the water suction holes 2 is 5 mm, which ensures that water saturation is achieved within one minute.

[0036] A water-absorbing sponge 5 is placed inside the water seal cylinder 3. The sponge 5 is ring-shaped with a porous internal structure, made of materials such as rubber sponge and polypropylene. Utilizing its numerous pores, it provides a large specific surface area, ensuring it can absorb 2 kg of water within two minutes and achieve a 100% drainage rate under detonation pressure, guaranteeing full utilization of the water. The outer diameter of the sponge 5 is 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the water seal cylinder 3. The sponge 5 absorbs external moisture through the water absorption holes 2, and once saturated, it acts as a water medium. A 1-5 mm pore diameter difference exists between the water seal cylinder 3 and the wall of the upward-facing borehole 9 to ensure the water seal cylinder 3 is positioned correctly within the borehole 9 and is less likely to fall off.

[0037] The top open end of the water seal cylinder 3 is connected to the gradient annular wedge groove 1, and the sponge 5 is fixed inside the water seal cylinder 3 by a threaded connection to ensure the stability and effectiveness of the water medium during the blasting process. When the water seal cylinder 3 and the gradient annular wedge groove 1 are connected by threads, the inner wall of the open end of the water seal cylinder 3 is machined with a screw-out thread, and the outer circular surface of the ring of the gradient annular wedge groove 1 is also machined with a screw-out thread; the length of the threaded part is kept at 30mm to ensure sufficient engagement area; the threads are matched with each other and a tolerance of 0.5mm is reserved to ensure the fit during connection; a sealing gasket is designed at the connection between the open end of the water seal cylinder 3 and the gradient annular wedge groove 1 to prevent water leakage, and the material is selected from highly corrosion-resistant polypropylene to enhance its wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0038] The gradient annular wedge groove 1 is a wedge-shaped structure composed of a frustum annular wall 12 and a cylinder 11 with a central opening. The small-diameter end of the frustum annular wall 12 is integrally formed with the cylinder 11. The height of the cylinder 11 is 1-4cm, which is used to connect with the water seal cylinder 3. The large-diameter end of the frustum annular wall 12 is 4-8cm larger than the diameter of the opening, and a notch 13 is machined along the circumference. The height of the notch 13 is 2-6cm. The self-stabilization of the filling material in the upward blast hole 9 is achieved by means of the difference in diameter between the gradient annular wedge groove 1 and the upward blast hole 9.

[0039] The bottom of the water seal cylinder 3 is a closed inverted cone shape 4, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, which serves as a guide to prevent it from falling and facilitates installation. The bottom of the water seal cylinder 3 is connected to the closed inverted cone shape 4 by a limiting ring groove buckle 41. The protruding part of the buckle at the bottom of the water seal cylinder 3 is embedded in the groove 42 of the joint in the closed inverted cone shape 4, forming a firm mechanical lock to prevent water leakage due to improper connection.

[0040] Place the absorbent sponge 5 into the water seal cylinder 3 in sequence, and tighten the gradient ring wedge groove 1 and the closed end 4 to both ends of the water seal cylinder 3 to achieve axial constraint of the water seal cylinder 3; put the assembled water seal cylinder 3 into the water, and the water enters the water seal cylinder 3 from the water absorption hole 2 and is then absorbed by the sponge 5. The water absorption reaches saturation after one minute.

[0041] A water-saturated water seal cylinder 3 is pushed into the upward borehole 9 from the gradually changing annular wedge groove 1 towards the borehole opening until it reaches the designed position, i.e., the bottom of the upward borehole 9. Explosive 10 is filled above the closed end 4. Another water-saturated water seal cylinder 3 is then pushed into the borehole from the closed end 4 towards the borehole opening above the explosive 10. Coarse aggregate 11 is filled between its gradually changing annular wedge groove 1 and the borehole opening. The water seal cylinder 3 is 0.5-2m away from the borehole opening. Then, a digital electronic detonator 7 is connected to the wire 8 and placed in the upward borehole 9. The digital electronic detonator 7 is 0.5m away from the water seal cylinder 3. Using a BCRH series emulsion explosive field mixing vehicle, explosive 10 is loaded into the upward borehole 9. The 8m length of the loading and connection work is completed. After the test is completed, it can be detonated.

[0042] After blasting, the base ratio, blasted block size, and dust volume were statistically analyzed. Compared with the original mining method, the use of this water seal cylinder 3 increased the height of the explosive center of gravity, reduced the large block ratio by 10%, reduced the average block size by 17%, increased the time of detonation pressure on the bottom rock, reduced the base ratio by 20%, and increased the dust suppression effect of water atomization, reduced the dust volume by 2.4%.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] like Figures 1 to 4 ,and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment uses an upward fan-shaped deep hole blasting method, i.e., blasting with the hole opening facing downwards, as an example for illustration. The borehole diameter is 78mm and the length is 19m.

[0045] The water seal cylinder 3 and the gradient annular wedge groove 1 are made of high-strength pressure-resistant plastic or antistatic nylon material, and are manufactured by injection molding technology. The outer diameter of the water seal cylinder 3 is 2-10 mm smaller than the diameter of the upward borehole 9, and the thickness is 1 mm. The outer wall of the water seal cylinder 3 is evenly arranged with 10 rows and 6 columns of water suction holes 2. The diameter of the water suction holes 2 is 5 mm, which ensures that water saturation is achieved within one minute.

[0046] A water-absorbing sponge 5 is placed inside the water seal cylinder 3. The sponge 5 is ring-shaped with a porous internal structure, made of materials such as rubber sponge and polypropylene. Utilizing its numerous pores, it provides a large specific surface area, ensuring it can absorb 2 kg of water within two minutes and achieve a 100% drainage rate under detonation pressure, guaranteeing full utilization of the water. The outer diameter of the sponge 5 is 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the water seal cylinder 3. The sponge 5 absorbs external moisture through the water absorption holes 2, and once saturated, it acts as a water medium. A 1-5 mm pore diameter difference exists between the water seal cylinder 3 and the wall of the upward-facing borehole 9 to ensure the water seal cylinder 3 is positioned correctly within the borehole 9 and is less likely to fall off.

[0047] The top open end of the water seal cylinder 3 is connected to the gradient annular wedge groove 1, and the sponge 5 is fixed inside the water seal cylinder 3 by a threaded connection to ensure the stability and effectiveness of the water medium during the blasting process. When the water seal cylinder 3 and the gradient annular wedge groove 1 are connected by threads, the inner wall of the open end of the water seal cylinder 3 is machined with a screw-out thread, and the outer circular surface of the ring of the gradient annular wedge groove 1 is also machined with a screw-out thread; the length of the threaded part is kept at 30mm to ensure sufficient engagement area; the threads are matched with each other and a tolerance of 0.5mm is reserved to ensure the fit during connection; a sealing gasket is designed at the connection between the open end of the water seal cylinder 3 and the gradient annular wedge groove 1 to prevent water leakage, and the material is selected from highly corrosion-resistant polypropylene to enhance its wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0048] The gradient annular wedge groove 1 is a wedge-shaped structure composed of a frustum annular wall 12 and a cylinder 11 with a central opening. The small-diameter end of the frustum annular wall 12 is integrally formed with the cylinder 11. The height of the cylinder 11 is 1-4cm, which is used to connect with the water seal cylinder 3. The large-diameter end of the frustum annular wall 12 is 4-8cm larger than the diameter of the opening, and a notch 13 is machined along the circumference. The height of the notch 13 is 2-6cm. The self-stabilization of the filling material in the upward blast hole 9 is achieved by means of the difference in diameter between the gradient annular wedge groove 1 and the upward blast hole 9.

[0049] The bottom of the water seal cylinder 3 is a closed inverted cone shape 4, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, which serves as a guide to prevent it from falling and facilitates installation. The bottom of the water seal cylinder 3 is connected to the closed inverted cone shape 4 by a limiting ring groove buckle 41. The protruding part of the buckle at the bottom of the water seal cylinder 3 is embedded in the groove 42 of the joint in the closed inverted cone shape 4, forming a firm mechanical lock to prevent water leakage due to improper connection.

[0050] The usage and construction methods include the following steps:

[0051] Place the absorbent sponge 5 into the water seal cylinder 3 in sequence, and tighten the gradient ring wedge groove 1 and the closed end 4 to both ends of the water seal cylinder 3 to achieve axial constraint of the water seal cylinder 3; put the assembled water seal cylinder 3 into the water, and the water enters the water seal cylinder 3 from the water absorption hole 2 and is then absorbed by the sponge 5. The water absorption reaches saturation after one minute.

[0052] The water-saturated water seal cylinder 3 is pushed from the closed end 4 toward the orifice to the end of the upward blast hole 9 until it reaches the designed position. The water seal cylinder 3 is 0.3-1m away from the orifice. Then, the digital electronic detonator 7 is simultaneously pushed into the designated position of the upward blast hole 9. The explosive 10 is filled below the gradient ring wedge groove 1 using a pneumatic charging device. After the wiring work is completed, the explosion can be detonated after the test is completed.

[0053] After blasting, statistics on the base ratio, blasted fragment size, and dust emission were collected. Compared to the original mining methods, using this water-sealed cylinder 3 increased the explosive's center of gravity height, reduced the large fragment ratio by 8%, decreased the average fragment size by 15cm, and reduced the dust concentration by 8.46mg / m³. 3 Ventilation time was reduced by an average of 61.4%.

[0054] The water seal cylinder 3 proposed in this utility model for medium-deep hole blasting has an absorbent sponge 5 placed inside. The two ends of the water seal cylinder 3 are fixed by a gradually changing circular wedge groove 1 and a closed end 4. Multiple water suction holes 2 are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the water seal cylinder 3. The design of the water seal cylinder 3 of this utility model not only ensures the convenience of on-site installation, but also ensures sufficient water volume, improves the energy transmission efficiency of stress waves, reduces energy loss, enhances the water wedge effect, and reduces dust pollution.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, and the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A water seal cylinder for medium-deep hole blasting, characterized in that: The water seal cylinder (3) is a hollow cylinder with open ends. Multiple water absorption holes (2) are evenly distributed through the outer wall of the water seal cylinder (3). The inside of the water seal cylinder (3) is filled with sponge (5). One end of the water seal cylinder (3) is connected to a gradient circular wedge groove (1). The gradient circular wedge groove (1) is a wedge structure composed of a frustum ring wall (12) and a cylinder (11) with a central hole. Multiple notches (13) are evenly distributed along its circumference on the frustum ring wall (12). The other end of the water seal cylinder (3) is connected to a closed end (4). The closed end (4) is an inverted conical cylinder structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

2. A water seal cylinder for medium-deep hole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the end of the water seal cylinder (3) connected to the gradient ring wedge groove (1) is provided with a screw-out thread, and the outer circular surface of the ring of the gradient ring wedge groove (1) is provided with a screw-out thread. The water seal cylinder (3) and the gradient ring wedge groove (1) are connected by threads.

3. A water seal cylinder for medium-deep hole blasting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The small-diameter end of the truncated cone ring wall (12) is integrally formed with the cylinder (11), the height of the cylinder (11) is 1-4cm, and the height of the notch is 2-6cm.

4. A water seal cylinder for medium-deep hole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the water seal cylinder (3) is connected to the closed end (4) by a limiting circumferential groove buckle (41).

5. A water seal cylinder for medium-deep hole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sponge (5) has a porous internal structure.

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