Square battery valve opening detection circuit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a square battery valve opening detection circuit, which comprises n explosion-proof square battery modules and n breakable leads, each explosion-proof square battery module comprises a square battery and an explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve is positioned above the square battery, and each breakable lead is connected to an explosion venting port of each explosion-proof valve. A resistor is connected in parallel to each breakable wire, the n breakable wires are sequentially connected in series through wires to form an explosion-proof valve failure detection structure circuit, and the microprocessor MCU detects the change of the resistance value in the circuit to position the position of a failure battery; or a series resistor is arranged outside each explosion-proof square battery module, and the series resistors are connected in series with the breakable wires and then are connected to the two ends of the microprocessor MCU in parallel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrochemical batteries, and in particular to battery safety testing. Specifically, it relates to a square battery valve opening detection circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Batteries play a vital role as energy storage units across various industries. Battery modules or energy storage devices, composed of multiple individual batteries connected in series or parallel, are widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and industrial equipment. During charging and discharging, batteries can experience extreme conditions such as overcharging, over-discharging, short circuits, and compression. These extreme conditions generate significant heat within the battery cell, potentially leading to thermal runaway. During thermal runaway, a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure gas is produced inside the cell. If this gas is not expelled promptly, it will exacerbate the thermal runaway, potentially causing the cell to catch fire or even explode.

[0003] To minimize the probability of potential hazards, battery covers are typically equipped with explosion-proof valves. Their main function is to monitor the internal pressure and temperature of the battery. When the pressure or temperature exceeds a set value, the explosion-proof valve ruptures at the scored area to release pressure, reducing the internal pressure and preventing an explosion. Previous battery failure detection methods relied on collecting data on battery voltage, temperature, and the concentration of combustible gases inside the battery pack. While voltage monitoring can pinpoint the specific failed battery, it suffers from latency; temperature monitoring cannot immediately pinpoint the location of the failed battery; and combustible gas concentration detection is affected by the volatility of the battery pack's integrated materials, leading to false positives, latency, and the inability to locate the faulty battery. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a detection method that can promptly locate the failed battery. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a square battery valve opening detection circuit. By setting a breakable wire at the explosion-proof valve position, the phenomenon of the explosion-proof valve breaking is quickly converted into a change in electrical signal. The system can promptly and accurately determine battery failure, thereby dealing with the danger caused by battery failure in a timely manner.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a square battery valve opening detection circuit, comprising:

[0006] n explosion-proof square battery modules are arranged in sequence. Each explosion-proof square battery module includes a square battery and an explosion-proof valve. The explosion-proof valve is set on the top cover of the corresponding square battery, where n is the sequence number of the explosion-proof square battery module and n is an integer ≥1.

[0007] n easily broken wires, each with an insulating layer, are located at the explosion vent of the square battery explosion-proof valve. The n easily broken wires are connected in series sequentially via wires. The easily broken wire located on the first explosion-proof square battery module is the first easily broken wire, and the end of the first easily broken wire that is not connected to the second explosion-proof square battery module is the first output terminal.

[0008] Each of the explosion-proof square battery modules is also provided with a parallel resistor, wherein each of the parallel resistors is connected in parallel with the easily broken wire of the corresponding explosion-proof square battery module, wherein the easily broken wire provided on the nth explosion-proof square battery module is the nth easily broken wire, and the end of the nth easily broken wire that is not connected to the (n-1)th explosion-proof square battery module is the second output terminal.

[0009] A microprocessor, one end of which is connected to the first output terminal through a resistor R0, and the other end of the microprocessor is directly connected to the second output terminal through a wire;

[0010] The resistance of each of the parallel resistors is 2. n-1 R, where R is the unit resistance value, and the resistance value of the resistor R0 is ≤10R.

[0011] In one embodiment of this utility model, the microprocessor is capable of detecting the signal state of the circuit, the signal including on / off signal and resistance signal.

[0012] In another embodiment, a square battery valve opening detection circuit is provided, comprising:

[0013] n explosion-proof square battery modules are arranged in sequence. Each explosion-proof square battery module includes a square battery and an explosion-proof valve. The explosion-proof valve is set on the top cover of the corresponding square battery, where n is the sequence number of the explosion-proof square battery module and n is an integer ≥1.

[0014] n easily broken wires, each easily broken wire being provided with an insulating layer, and the easily broken wires being located at the explosion relief port of the square battery explosion-proof valve;

[0015] Each of the explosion-proof square battery modules is also provided with a series resistor, wherein each of the series resistors is connected in series with the easily broken wire of the corresponding explosion-proof square battery module.

[0016] A microprocessor is provided, wherein the series resistor on each of the explosion-proof square battery modules is connected in series with a breakable wire and then connected in parallel to the two ends of the microprocessor.

[0017] The series resistor has a resistance of 2. n-1 R.

[0018] In one embodiment of this utility model, the microprocessor is capable of detecting the signal state of the circuit, the signal including on / off signal and resistance signal.

[0019] This invention provides a square battery valve opening detection circuit. This circuit has a simple structure, low implementation cost, reliable signal transmission, strong anti-interference capability, and can accurately locate the battery position simultaneously with the opening of the explosion-proof valve. The system can promptly activate fire-fighting measures based on the signal to eliminate the risk of thermal runaway. Simultaneously, it locates the failed battery position immediately, providing strong data support for subsequent fault diagnosis. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an explosion-proof square battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit diagram of the explosion-proof valve failure detection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit diagram of the explosion-proof valve failure detection structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: MCU - Microprocessor; F1, F2, Fn-1, Fn - Fragile wires; Cell 1, Cell 2, Celln-1, Cell n - Square batteries. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an explosion-proof square battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a circuit for detecting the failure of an explosion-proof valve according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a square battery valve opening detection circuit, which includes:

[0028] n explosion-proof square battery modules are arranged sequentially. Each explosion-proof square battery module includes a square battery and an explosion-proof valve. The explosion-proof valve is located on the top cover of the corresponding square battery, where n is the serial number of the explosion-proof square battery module and n is an integer ≥ 1. The explosion-proof valve of the battery is typically constructed with a thin sheet with a breakable groove or indentation at the explosion vent. The thin sheet is welded to the explosion vent, and a plastic protective film is pasted or welded to the outside of the thin sheet. In this embodiment, the breakable wire described later can be equivalent to being set inside the film, and is bounced off or pulled off when the film breaks during an explosion. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the first explosion-proof square battery module is Cell 1, the second explosion-proof square battery module is Cell 2, the third explosion-proof square battery module is Cell 3, and so on.

[0029] n easily breakable wires, each with an insulating layer, are located at the explosion-proof valve vent of the square battery. These n easily breakable wires are connected in series sequentially via wires. The easily breakable wire located on the first explosion-proof square battery module is the first easily breakable wire, and the end of the first easily breakable wire not connected to the easily breakable wire on the second explosion-proof square battery module is the first output terminal (terminal a). Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the first easily broken wire is F1, the second easily broken wire is F2, the third easily broken wire is F3, and so on;

[0030] Each of the explosion-proof square battery modules is also provided with a parallel resistor, wherein each of the parallel resistors is connected in parallel with the easily broken wire of the corresponding explosion-proof square battery module, wherein the easily broken wire provided on the nth explosion-proof square battery module is the nth easily broken wire, and the end of the nth easily broken wire that is not connected to the easily broken wire on the (n-1)th explosion-proof square battery module is the second output terminal (b terminal).

[0031] A microprocessor, one end of which is connected to the first output terminal through a resistor R0, and the other end of the microprocessor is directly connected to the second output terminal through a wire;

[0032] The parallel resistor has a resistance of 2. n-1 R, where R is the unit resistance value, and the resistance value of resistor R0 is ≤10R. For example, when n=1, the resistance value of the first parallel resistor is R, and R<R0; when n=2, the resistance value of the second parallel resistor is 2R, and 2R<R0; when n=3, the resistance value of the third parallel resistor is 4R, and 2R<R0, and so on.

[0033] In this embodiment, the microprocessor (MCU) is able to detect the signal status of the circuit, including on / off signals and resistance signals.

[0034] In a specific implementation, the square battery detection circuit can determine the specific location of the failed battery by detecting the resistance change of the microprocessor (MCU) circuit, as follows, but without limitation:

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, when the battery pack is functioning normally, the resistance between terminals a and b is R. ab =R0+2 n-1 R; When the explosion-proof valve of any battery m (1≤m≤n, where m and n are integers) is opened, the change in resistance between terminals a and b is R. ab = R0+2 m-1 R, the microprocessor (MCU) accurately locates the position m of the failed battery by comparing resistance values;

[0036] When the explosion-proof valves of two random batteries m and i (1≤m≤n, 1≤i≤n, m≠i, where m, n, and i are all integers) are opened, the corresponding resistance values ​​at terminals a and b change accordingly by R. ab = R0+2 m-1 R+2 i-1 R, the microprocessor MCU can accurately locate the positions m and i of the failed battery by comparing the resistance values. Similarly, the method for detecting the opening position of the explosion-proof valve is the same when multiple battery cells fail.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit diagram for the failure detection structure of the explosion-proof valve according to another embodiment of this utility model, as shown below. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a square battery valve opening detection circuit, which includes:

[0039] n explosion-proof square battery modules are arranged sequentially. Each explosion-proof square battery module includes a square battery and an explosion-proof valve. The explosion-proof valve is located on the top cover of the corresponding square battery, where n is the serial number of the explosion-proof square battery module and n is an integer ≥ 1. The explosion-proof valve of the battery is typically constructed with a thin sheet with a breakable groove or indentation at the explosion vent. The thin sheet is welded to the explosion vent, and a plastic protective film is pasted or welded to the outside of the thin sheet. In this embodiment, the breakable wire described later can be equivalent to being set inside the film, and is bounced off or pulled off when the film breaks during an explosion. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the first explosion-proof square battery module is Cell 1, the second explosion-proof square battery module is Cell 2, the third explosion-proof square battery module is Cell 3, and so on.

[0040] n easily breakable wires, each wire having an insulating layer, are positioned at the explosion vent of the square battery's explosion-proof valve; for example... Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the first easily broken wire is F1, the second easily broken wire is F2, the third easily broken wire is F3, and so on;

[0041] Each of the explosion-proof square battery modules is also provided with a series resistor, wherein each of the series resistors is connected in series with the easily broken wire of the corresponding explosion-proof square battery module.

[0042] A microprocessor is provided, wherein the series resistor on each of the explosion-proof square battery modules is connected in series with a breakable wire and then connected in parallel to the two ends (c end and d end) of the microprocessor.

[0043] The series resistor has a resistance of 2. n-1 For example, the resistance of the first series resistor is R, the resistance of the second series resistor is 2R, the resistance of the third series resistor is 3R, and so on.

[0044] In this embodiment, the microprocessor (MCU) is able to detect the signal status of the circuit, including on / off signals and resistance signals.

[0045] In another specific embodiment, the square battery detection circuit can determine the specific location of the failed battery by detecting the resistance change of the microprocessor (MCU) circuit, as follows, but without limitation:

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, when the battery pack is functioning normally, the resistance across terminals c and d is R. cd =1 / (1 / R+1 / 2R+…+1 / 2 n-2 R+2 n- 1 When the explosion-proof valve of any battery m (1≤m≤n, where m and n are integers) is opened, the corresponding resistance R at terminals c and d will change. cd The change is R cd =1 / (1 / R+1 / 2R+…+1 / 2 n-2 R+1 / 2 n-1 R-1 / 2 m-1 R), the microprocessor MCU accurately locates the position m of the failed battery by comparing the resistance value;

[0047] When the explosion-proof valves of two random batteries m and i (1≤m≤n, 1≤i≤n, m≠i, m, n, and i are all integers) are opened, the corresponding resistance R at terminals c and d is... cd Change to R cd =1 / (1 / R+1 / 2R+…+1 / 2 n-2 R+1 / 2 n-1 R-1 / 2m-1 R-1 / 2 i- 1 R), the microprocessor MCU accurately locates the positions m and i of the failed battery by comparing resistance values. Similarly, the detection method for the opening position of the explosion-proof valve when multiple battery cells fail is the same.

[0048] Those skilled in the art will understand that the accompanying drawings are merely schematic diagrams of one embodiment, and the modules or processes shown in the drawings are not necessarily essential for implementing this utility model.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the apparatus of the embodiments can be distributed in the apparatus of the embodiments as described in the embodiments, or they can be located in one or more devices different from this embodiment with corresponding changes. The modules of the above embodiments can be combined into one module, or they can be further divided into multiple sub-modules.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A square battery valve opening detection circuit, characterized in that, include: n explosion-proof square battery modules are arranged in sequence. Each explosion-proof square battery module includes a square battery and an explosion-proof valve. The explosion-proof valve is set on the top cover of the corresponding square battery, where n is the sequence number of the explosion-proof square battery module and n is an integer ≥1. n easily broken wires, each with an insulating layer, are located at the explosion vent of a square battery explosion-proof valve. The n easily broken wires are connected in series sequentially via wires. The easily broken wire located on the first explosion-proof square battery module is the first easily broken wire, and the end of the first easily broken wire that is not connected to the easily broken wire on the second explosion-proof square battery module is the first output terminal. Each of the explosion-proof square battery modules is also provided with a parallel resistor, wherein each of the parallel resistors is connected in parallel with the easily broken wire of the corresponding explosion-proof square battery module, wherein the easily broken wire provided on the nth explosion-proof square battery module is the nth easily broken wire, and the end of the nth easily broken wire that is not connected to the easily broken wire on the (n-1)th explosion-proof square battery module is the second output terminal. A microprocessor, one end of which is connected to the first output terminal through a resistor R0, and the other end of the microprocessor is directly connected to the second output terminal through a wire; The resistance of each of the parallel resistors is 2n-1R, where R is a unit resistance value, and the resistance value of resistor R0 is ≤10R.

2. The square battery valve opening detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microprocessor is used to detect signals in the circuit, which are either on / off signals or resistance signals.

3. A square battery valve opening detection circuit, characterized in that, Also includes: n explosion-proof square battery modules are arranged in sequence. Each explosion-proof square battery module includes a square battery and an explosion-proof valve. The explosion-proof valve is set on the top cover of the corresponding square battery, where n is the sequence number of the explosion-proof square battery module and n is an integer ≥1. n easily broken wires, each easily broken wire being provided with an insulating layer, and the easily broken wires being located at the explosion relief port of the square battery explosion-proof valve; Each of the explosion-proof square battery modules is also provided with a series resistor, wherein each of the series resistors is connected in series with the easily broken wire of the corresponding explosion-proof square battery module. A microprocessor is provided, wherein the series resistor on each of the explosion-proof square battery modules is connected in series with a breakable wire and then connected in parallel to the two ends of the microprocessor. The resistance of each of the series resistors is 2n-1R.

4. The square battery valve opening detection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The microprocessor is used to detect signals in the circuit, which are either on / off signals or resistance signals.

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