Large-area heat dissipation battery pack

Abstract

The utility model relates to a large-area heat dissipation battery pack, which belongs to the technical field of energy storage and comprises a central channel cold plate and side cold plates, a plurality of side cold plates capable of being attached to battery cells are distributed on two sides of the central channel cold plate, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are vertically distributed at the end of the central channel cold plate. An upper cavity and a lower cavity which are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are distributed in the central channel cold plate up and down; a flow channel is arranged in the side cold plate and communicated with the upper cavity and the lower cavity, or the upper cavity and the lower cavity are communicated, and the side cold plate is provided with a heat conduction structure connected with the central channel cold plate. The heat dissipation efficiency is improved, the battery pack is prevented from being damaged, the service life is prolonged, and the safety is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular relates to a large-area heat dissipation battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of the global energy transition and the rapid development of renewable energy, the demand for energy storage systems, especially electrochemical energy storage systems, has increased dramatically. 1C energy storage systems, due to their rapid charge and discharge characteristics, are particularly suitable for applications requiring quick responses to grid frequency fluctuations. With the rapid expansion of the global new energy storage market, 1C energy storage systems are widely in demand, applied in frequency regulation services, industrial and commercial energy storage, and peak shaving and renewable energy grid integration in the new energy storage market. However, the rapid charge and discharge speed of 1C systems generates a large amount of heat, thus requiring effective heat dissipation measures to prevent battery overheating.

[0003] In existing technologies, liquid-cooled battery packs primarily rely on cooling the bottom of the battery cells. However, this method has the following drawbacks: 1. The bottom area of ​​the battery cells is relatively small, resulting in low efficiency due to bottom-based cooling alone. 2. Heat is mainly conducted through the bottom. Due to the physical characteristics of the battery itself, the conduction path is long and has significant thermal resistance, leading to a large temperature difference between the top and bottom of the cell. Especially at a 0.5C discharge rate, the temperature difference can exceed 10°C, which significantly impacts battery life. For every 5°C increase in temperature, battery life may decrease by approximately 30%. Rapid charging and discharging generate a large amount of heat in a short time, which cannot be dissipated quickly enough by bottom-based cooling alone, further increasing the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the battery. Therefore, adopting effective heat dissipation solutions for high-temperature areas to reduce battery temperature and temperature difference, and to control it within the optimal ideal temperature range, has become an urgent need.

[0004] In addition, some manufacturers have adopted a solution for heat dissipation on the side of the battery cell. However, this method requires the use of pipe connectors for connection, which has the following problems: 1. During long-term use, the plastic and sealing rings may age, leading to the risk of leakage from the pipe connectors. Once the coolant leaks, the battery pack may short-circuit, causing serious safety hazards; 2. The presence of pipe connectors will occupy the space on the horizontal surface of the battery cell, reducing the number of battery cells that can be placed in the same area, resulting in a decrease in the effective utilization rate of the battery. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a large-area heat dissipation battery pack that employs an effective heat dissipation solution for high-temperature areas to reduce battery temperature and temperature difference, and control the temperature within the optimal ideal range.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a large-area heat dissipation battery pack, including a central channel cold plate and side cold plates. Several side cold plates, capable of fitting battery cells, are distributed on both sides of the central channel cold plate. An inlet and an outlet are distributed vertically at the end of the central channel cold plate. An upper cavity and a lower cavity, respectively communicating with the inlet and outlet, are distributed vertically inside the central channel cold plate. The side cold plates have internal flow channels communicating with the upper and lower cavities; alternatively, the upper and lower cavities are connected, and the side cold plates have a heat-conducting structure connected to the central channel cold plate.

[0007] Preferably, both the upper cavity and the lower cavity are divided into two smaller cavities on the left and right sides, so as to communicate with the internal flow channels of the side cold plates on both sides of the central channel cold plate.

[0008] Preferably, the central channel cold plate has multiple interfaces on both sides of its extending direction, and the ends of the side cold plates are inserted into the interfaces.

[0009] Preferably, the side cold plate has a limiting protrusion one and a limiting protrusion two above and below the end where it is inserted into the interface, respectively, to limit the insertion depth.

[0010] Preferably, both the inlet and the outlet are provided with a sealing structure at their outer ends.

[0011] Preferably, the side cold plate includes a flow channel body, both ends of which are open. The opening of the flow channel body away from the central channel cold plate is provided with a flow channel plug for sealing, and the other opening is provided with a second plug in the middle to divide the opening into two small openings that communicate with the upper cavity and the lower cavity respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the flow channel body has multiple ribs distributed from top to bottom, wherein rib one and rib two extend laterally to the upper and lower ends of the plug two, and there is a gap between rib one and rib two and the flow channel plug.

[0013] Preferably, a third rib is provided between the first rib and the second rib, the third rib extending laterally to the flow channel plug, and a gap is left between the third rib and the second plug.

[0014] Preferably, the side cold plate is an L-shaped thin plate without an internal flow channel structure. The L-shaped thin plate includes a long plate structure and a short plate structure that are perpendicular to each other. The long plate structure is attached to the battery cell, one side of the short plate structure is attached to the battery cell, and the other side of the short plate structure is attached to the central channel cold plate.

[0015] Preferably, the thermally conductive structure includes graphene material or a heat pipe.

[0016] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0017] This invention ensures uniform heat dissipation of the battery pack cells through large-area cooling, increasing the heat dissipation area, improving heat dissipation efficiency, reducing operating temperature, preventing battery pack damage, extending service life, and enhancing safety. The side cooling plates and central channel-type liquid cooling plate are integrally molded, simplifying the flow channel installation process and avoiding the risk of seal failure and coolant leakage due to aging. The parallel structure of the side cooling plates improves the uniformity of fluid distribution, reduces system flow resistance, and avoids power loss caused by excessively long series flow channels. The entire pack has no pipe joints, saving space, improving space utilization, and reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-area heat dissipation battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the central channel cold plate and the side cold plate in Embodiment 1 of a large-area heat dissipation battery pack of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a side view of the central channel cold plate of Embodiment 1 of the large-area heat dissipation battery pack of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the end of the central channel cold plate of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, which is a large-area heat dissipation battery pack.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Sectional view at point AA;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the central channel liquid cooling plate of Embodiment 1 of the large-area heat dissipation battery pack of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the side cooling plate structure of a large-area heat dissipation battery pack according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the side cooling plate of Embodiment 1 of the large-area heat dissipation battery pack of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view along the extension direction of the side cold plate of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, which is a large-area heat dissipation battery pack.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the central channel cold plate of Embodiment 2 of the large-area heat dissipation battery pack of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 11This is a cross-sectional view of the side cooling plate of Embodiment 3 of the large-area heat dissipation battery pack of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the side cooling plate structure of Embodiment 4 of the large-area heat dissipation battery pack of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the central channel liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 4 of a large-area heat dissipation battery pack of this utility model.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1. Central channel liquid cooling plate; 11. Central channel cooling plate; 111. Interface; 112. Cavity 1; 113. Cavity 2; 114. Cavity 3; 115. Cavity 4; 116. Plug 1; 117. Manifold cavity; 12. Liquid outlet; 13. Liquid inlet; 131. Sealing groove; 14. Side cooling plate; 141. Limiting protrusion 1; 142. Flow channel body; 143. Flow channel plug; 144. Cylindrical protrusion; 145. Plug 2; 146. Limiting protrusion 2; 147. Graphene material; 148. Rib; 148-1. Rib 1; 148-2. Rib 2; 148-3. Rib 3; 15. O-ring; 16. Nut; 2. Steel strip; 3. Bottom tray; 4. Battery cell; 5. Top cover; 6. Panel. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] Example 1:

[0034] This utility model discloses a large-area heat dissipation battery pack, the structure of which includes a central channel liquid cooling plate 1, a steel strip 2, a bottom tray 3, battery cells 4, a top cover 5, and a panel 6. The central channel liquid cooling plate 1 is composed of a central channel cooling plate 11 and several side cooling plates 14, and liquid cooling channels are provided inside the central channel cooling plate 11 and the side cooling plates 14.

[0035] The central channel cold plate 11 is located in the middle of the battery pack, and several side cold plates 14 are arranged parallel to each other on both sides. These side cold plates 14 are integrally welded to the central channel cold plate 11, and the flow channels inside all the side cold plates 14 are connected to the flow channels inside the central channel cold plate 11. Two adjacent side cold plates 14 on the same side together with the central channel cold plate 11 form a cell housing area. The two large surfaces of the cell 4 are tightly attached to the side cold plates 14, and contact and heat transfer are achieved by bonding with thermally conductive adhesive or by using thermally conductive pads with double-sided adhesive.

[0036] Furthermore, the central channel cold plate 11 has multiple interfaces 111 evenly distributed on both sides of its extending direction, and one end of the side cold plate 14 is inserted into the interface 111 of the central channel cold plate 11. In addition, the side cold plate 14 is provided with a limiting protrusion 141 above and a limiting protrusion 146 below its end to limit the insertion depth. The side cold plate 14 is also provided with a cylindrical protrusion 144 at the end away from the central channel cold plate 11 for positioning the module steel strip 2, which facilitates the fixing of the end plate, and at the same time, the steel strip 2 plays a role in limiting the expansion of the module.

[0037] The central channel cold plate 11 has a liquid inlet 13 and a liquid outlet 12 at its first end, which are isolated from each other. These two interfaces are connected to the internal liquid cooling channel. Coolant flows into the central channel cold plate 11 from the liquid inlet 13 and flows out of the central channel cold plate 11 from the liquid outlet 12. Both the liquid inlet 13 and the liquid outlet 12 have a sealing groove 131 at their outer ends. An O-ring 15 is installed in the sealing groove 131. The sealing groove 131, the O-ring 15, and the nut 16 can be used to achieve a tight seal with the top cover 5 or the panel 6 to prevent leakage caused by aging of pipe joints or loose connections, thereby reducing safety risks. This design also avoids condensation problems caused by gas exchange and allows for the operation of quick-connect water pipe joints outside the battery pack, further reducing the risk of coolant leakage.

[0038] The internal structure of the central channel cold plate 11 has a cross-shaped cross section and is integrally stretched. It is divided into four cavities: cavity 2 113 and cavity 1 112 located at the top and distributed to the left and right, and cavity 4 115 and cavity 3 114 located at the bottom and distributed to the left and right. Cavities 1 112 and 2 113 are connected to the liquid inlet 13, and cavities 3 114 and 4 115 are connected to the liquid outlet 12.

[0039] The side cold plate 14 includes a flow channel body 142. Both ends of the flow channel body 142 are open and connected to the interior. One end of the flow channel body 142 is away from the central channel cold plate 11 and is provided with a flow channel plug 143 to block the opening. The other end of the flow channel body 142 is inserted into the interface 111 and is sealed with a second plug 145 in the middle of the opening to further divide the opening into two small openings, upper and lower. The interior of the flow channel body 142 has a plurality of horizontally extending ribs 148 distributed from top to bottom, with the ribs 148 spaced apart from each other. In this embodiment, the flow channel body 142 is provided with rib 148-1 and rib 2 148-2 extending to the upper and lower ends of the plug 2 145 respectively, and rib 148-1 and rib 2 148-2 are both left with gaps between them and the flow channel plug 143; the flow channel body 142 is also provided with rib 3 148-3 located between rib 148-1 and rib 2 148-2, and one end of rib 3 148-3 extends to the flow channel plug 143, and the other end is left with a gap between it and the plug 2 145.

[0040] The small openings above the plug 145 of all side cooling plates 14 are connected to cavity 112 or cavity 213 to allow coolant to flow into the side cooling plates 14. The openings below the plug 145 of all side cooling plates 14 are connected to cavity 314 or cavity 415 to allow coolant to flow out of the side cooling plates 14. Thus, the liquid cooling channels inside all side cooling plates 14 are connected to the liquid cooling channels inside the central channel cooling plate 11 and form a parallel circuit. At the same time, through the setting of rib 148-1, rib 248-2 and rib 348-3, the liquid cooling channels inside the side cooling plates 14 are multi-ribbed M-shaped structures. This M-shaped structure helps to improve heat exchange.

[0041] This invention ensures uniform heat dissipation of the battery pack cells through large-area cooling, increasing the heat dissipation area, improving heat dissipation efficiency, reducing operating temperature, preventing battery pack damage, extending service life, and enhancing safety. The side cooling plates 14 and the central channel liquid cooling plate 1 are integrally formed, simplifying the flow channel installation process and avoiding the risk of seal failure and coolant leakage due to aging. Multiple side cooling plates 14 are connected to the central channel cooling plate 11, and the parallel flow channels formed by the combined internal flow channels of all side cooling plates 14 improve the uniformity of fluid distribution, reduce system flow resistance, and avoid power loss caused by excessively long series flow channels. There are no pipe joints inside the entire pack, saving space, improving space utilization, and reducing costs.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] This embodiment is an improvement based on Embodiment 1. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the central channel cold plate 11 is sealed at the tail end by a plug 116, and a confluence cavity 117 is left inside the tail end to connect cavity 112, cavity 213, cavity 314 and cavity 415.

[0044] Example 3:

[0045] This embodiment is an improvement based on embodiment 1 or embodiment 2. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 is that rib 3 148-3 is not provided between rib 148-1 and rib 2 148-2. Only by providing rib 148-1 and rib 2 148-2, the liquid cooling channel inside the side cold plate 14 is a multi-ribbed U-shaped structure.

[0046] Example 4:

[0047] This embodiment is an improvement on embodiment 2. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the side cold plate 14 adopts an L-shaped thin plate without an internal flow channel structure. The L-shaped thin plate is specifically divided into a long plate structure and a short plate structure that are perpendicular to each other. The side of the long plate structure is connected and bonded to the side of the battery cell 4 by thermally conductive adhesive. One side of the short plate structure is connected and bonded to the battery cell 4 by thermally conductive adhesive. The other side of the short plate structure is connected and bonded to the central channel cold plate 11 by thermally conductive adhesive.

[0048] The side cooling plate 14 is coated with a highly thermally conductive graphene material 147 to conduct the heat from the battery cell 4 to the central channel cooling plate 11 using the high thermal conductivity of graphene, and then the heat is carried away by the coolant. Alternatively, the side cooling plate 14 can be a heat pipe that does not require internal cooling. The heat pipe conducts the heat from the battery cell 4 to the central channel cooling plate 11 using its high thermal conductivity, and then the heat is carried away by the coolant in the central channel cooling plate 11.

[0049] One way to enhance thermal conductivity by coating graphene onto the surface of a material can be through the following methods:

[0050] 1. Apply the suspension to the surface of the target material using methods such as spraying, dipping, or brushing;

[0051] 2. The solvent is removed by heat treatment or chemical reduction, allowing the graphene to adhere firmly to the surface;

[0052] 3. Using inkjet printing technology, graphene suspension is precisely sprayed onto the surface of the target material;

[0053] 4. Use a graphene-containing thermally conductive adhesive to bond graphene to the substrate surface.

[0054] The aforementioned methods can effectively coat graphene onto the surface of materials, thereby improving their thermal conductivity. When selecting a specific method, factors such as the type of target material, the application environment, and economic feasibility should be considered.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A large-area heat dissipation battery pack, characterized in that, It includes a central channel cold plate (11) and side cold plates (14). The central channel cold plate (11) has several side cold plates (14) that can be attached to the battery cells (4) on both sides. The central channel cold plate (11) has an inlet (13) and an outlet (12) distributed vertically at its end. The central channel cold plate (11) has an upper cavity and a lower cavity that are respectively connected to the inlet (13) and the outlet (12) distributed vertically inside. The side cold plates (14) have flow channels that are connected to the upper cavity and the lower cavity, or the upper cavity and the lower cavity are connected and the side cold plates (14) have a heat-conducting structure that is connected to the central channel cold plate (11).

2. The large-area heat dissipation battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper cavity and the lower cavity are divided into two small cavities on the left and right sides, so as to communicate with the internal flow channels of the side cold plates (14) on both sides of the central channel cold plate (11).

3. A large-area heat dissipation battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The central channel cold plate (11) has multiple interfaces (111) on both sides along its extension direction, and the ends of the side cold plates (14) are inserted into the interfaces (111).

4. A large-area heat dissipation battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side cold plate (14) has a limiting protrusion one (141) and a limiting protrusion two (146) above and below the end of the insertion port (111) to limit the insertion depth.

5. A large-area heat dissipation battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the inlet (13) and the outlet (12) are provided with sealing structures at their outer ends.

6. A large-area heat dissipation battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side cold plate (14) includes a flow channel body (142), both ends of which are open. The flow channel body (142) is provided with a flow channel plug (143) for sealing the opening away from the central channel cold plate (11), and a second plug (145) is provided in the middle of the other opening to divide the opening into two small openings that communicate with the upper cavity and the lower cavity respectively.

7. A large-area heat dissipation battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flow channel body (142) has multiple ribs (148) distributed from top to bottom, including rib one (148-1) and rib two (148-2) that extend laterally to the upper and lower ends of the plug two (145), and there is a gap between rib one (148-1) and rib two (148-2) and the flow channel plug (143).

8. A large-area heat dissipation battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, A third rib (148-3) is provided between the first rib (148-1) and the second rib (148-2). The third rib (148-3) extends laterally to the flow channel plug (143), and a gap is left between the third rib (148-3) and the second plug (145).

9. A large-area heat dissipation battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side cold plate (14) adopts an L-shaped thin plate without an internal flow channel structure. The L-shaped thin plate includes a long plate structure and a short plate structure that are perpendicular to each other. The long plate structure is attached to the battery cell (4), one side of the short plate structure is attached to the battery cell (4), and the other side of the short plate structure is attached to the central channel cold plate (11).

10. A large-area heat dissipation battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thermally conductive structure includes graphene material or a heat pipe.

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