Single battery and battery module
By installing fireproof components on the cell cover of individual batteries and covering the explosion-proof valve, the problem of thermal runaway caused by individual battery thermal propagation is solved, and the safety of the battery module is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520152916.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-22
AI Technical Summary
In existing battery modules, when a single cell experiences thermal runaway, the ejected high-temperature material can easily trigger thermal runaway in surrounding cells, leading to a decline in overall safety performance.
Fireproof components are installed on the cell cover of the individual battery to cover the explosion-proof valve. The ratio of the thickness of the fireproof component to its capacity is within the range of 30Ah/mm≤W/h≤1500Ah/mm to prevent high-temperature substances from burning through the explosion-proof valve and to prevent thermal runaway chain reaction.
It effectively reduces the risk of damage to adjacent cells and the battery pack structure during thermal runaway of a single cell, and improves the overall safety performance of the battery module.
Smart Images
Figure CN223843099U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of lithium battery technology, and more specifically, to a single cell and a battery module. Background Technology
[0002] In related technologies, battery systems are classified from high to low system hierarchy. One classification method is battery pack, battery module, and single cell. That is, most battery modules produced by lithium battery manufacturers are based on single cells as the smallest unit. Two or more single cells are assembled into a battery module by connecting them in series and parallel with electrical connectors, and two or more battery modules are then connected in series and parallel with electrical connectors to form a battery pack.
[0003] As battery technology becomes increasingly prevalent in daily life, the safety performance of battery modules is receiving more and more attention. Typically, battery module safety issues are primarily caused by thermal runaway. During use, various chemical reactions occur within each individual cell, generating large amounts of gas and causing the internal pressure of the cell to rise. Therefore, to prevent explosions due to excessive internal pressure, explosion-proof valves are usually installed inside each cell. However, while explosion-proof valves can solve the pressure relief problem within individual cells, when one or more cells experience thermal runaway, the ejected high-temperature substances can easily affect other normally functioning cells nearby, triggering thermal runaway in other cells, causing heat diffusion, and thus affecting the overall safety performance of the battery module. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a single cell to prevent the thermal runaway protection of other cells from failing when one or more single cells experience thermal runaway.
[0005] Another objective of this application is to provide a battery module having the aforementioned single cell.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:
[0007] A first aspect of this application provides a single-cell battery, the single-cell battery comprising:
[0008] The cell casing has a cell cavity that accommodates the cell.
[0009] A cell cover is disposed on the top opening side of the cell housing;
[0010] An explosion-proof valve is installed on the battery cell cover.
[0011] A fireproof component is installed on the cell cover and above the explosion-proof valve, covering the explosion-proof valve. The capacity of the single battery cell is W, and the thickness of the fireproof component is h. Then, 30Ah / mm≤W / h≤1500Ah / mm.
[0012] The single-cell battery provided in this application has a fire-resistant component on its cell cover. This fire-resistant component is located above and covers the explosion-proof valve, ensuring that in the event of thermal runaway of this single-cell battery, the upward-spraying flammable material will rupture the explosion-proof valve and the fire-resistant component, preventing the risk of explosion for this single-cell battery. Because this application incorporates a fire-resistant component on the single-cell battery, when one or more single-cell batteries experience thermal runaway, the fire-resistant components on other single-cell batteries that have not yet experienced thermal runaway can still maintain their position covering the explosion-proof valve, preventing the sprayed flammable material from damaging the explosion-proof valve and causing a chain reaction of thermal runaway. Furthermore, the capacity W of a single cell and the thickness h of the fireproof component must satisfy the condition 30Ah / mm≤W / h≤1500Ah / mm. When the capacity W and the thickness h of the fireproof component are within the above range, the fireproof component of the cell that has not experienced thermal runaway can provide better flame-retardant protection for its explosion-proof valve in the event of thermal runaway of one or more single cells. This reduces the damage to adjacent single cells and other structures of the battery pack caused by the high-temperature substances generated by the thermal runaway of some single cells, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway.
[0013] A second aspect of this application provides a battery module comprising a plurality of electrically connected individual cells, wherein the individual cells are as described in any of the preceding claims.
[0014] The battery module provided in this application has all the technical effects of the aforementioned single battery cell, and will not be described in detail here. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of a battery module in the prior art;
[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure when the fireproof panel is lifted.
[0018] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the battery module provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0019] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the battery module provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0020] The meanings of the various reference numerals in the figure are as follows:
[0021] 01-Single cell; 02-Fireproof sheet; 021-Easily broken slot;
[0022] 100-Single cell; 101-Insulating cover; 102-Fireproof component; 103-Protective patch; 104-Pressure relief hole; 105-Explosion-proof valve; 106-Cell cover; 107-Cell housing. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The core of this application is to provide a single-cell battery to prevent the thermal runaway protection of other single-cell batteries from failing when one or more single-cell batteries experience thermal runaway.
[0024] Another key aspect of this application is to provide a battery module having the aforementioned single-cell battery.
[0025] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the embodiments shown below do not limit the scope of the application as described in the claims. Additionally, the complete composition represented in the embodiments below is not limited to what is necessary as the solution to the application described in the claims. It should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the application are shown in the drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.
[0026] Currently, to reduce the risk of thermal runaway in nearby cells caused by the thermal runaway of one or more individual cells, fire-retardant sheets (such as 02) are typically bonded to the top of the battery module. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. The fireproof sheet 02 has a thinning area corresponding to the explosion-proof valve, that is, one fireproof sheet 02 is set for each of the multiple individual cells 01. In order to ensure that if a certain individual cell 01 experiences thermal runaway, the ejected flammable material will not cause thermal runaway of the nearby individual cells 01, the fireproof sheet 02 has a thinning area at the location of the explosion-proof valve of each individual cell 01. This makes the thinning area more fragile and easier to break through in the event of thermal runaway of that individual cell 01, preventing the entire fireproof sheet 02 from being lifted up.
[0027] Another solution involves creating a breakable groove 021 on the fireproof sheet 02, positioned between two adjacent individual cells 01. This groove divides the fireproof sheet 02 into multiple segments corresponding to individual cells 01. When one individual cell experiences thermal runaway, the fireproof sheet 02 breaks at the breakable groove 021, causing flammable material to eject upwards. This only lifts the segment corresponding to the affected individual cell 01, while the segments corresponding to other individual cells remain covered, thus preventing thermal runaway in other cells.
[0028] However, with the increase in battery capacity, the pressure of the ejected material during thermal runaway of a single cell is too high. Whether a thinning area is set or an easy-break groove 021 is set, there is a risk that the entire fireproof sheet will be blown up. That is, under the influence of high-pressure gas / material, in addition to the top sheet being lifted up, the other sheets of the fireproof sheet will also be lifted up at the same time, causing the thermal runaway protection to fail.
[0029] Based on this, this application discloses a single-cell battery that can prevent the thermal runaway of one or more single-cell batteries from causing the thermal runaway protection of other single-cell batteries to fail.
[0030] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the single-cell battery 100 disclosed in this application embodiment includes a cell housing 107, a cell cover 106, an explosion-proof valve 105, and a fireproof component 102. The cell housing 107 has a cell cavity for accommodating the cell, and the top of the cell cavity has an opening, through which the cell can be inserted into the cell cavity of the cell housing 107.
[0031] A cell cover 106 is disposed on the top opening side of the cell housing 107 to seal the top opening of the cell housing 107. When a single cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, its cells undergo a chemical reaction, generating a large amount of high-temperature gas, which rapidly increases the pressure within the cell cavity. In this embodiment, an explosion-proof valve 105 is provided on the cell cover 106 to prevent the cell cavity from exploding due to excessive pressure, thus preventing damage to other surrounding single cells 100.
[0032] When the pressure inside the cell cavity exceeds the opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve 105, the pressurized gas inside the cell cavity will break through the explosion-proof valve 105 and be discharged from the cell cavity, preventing the individual cell from exploding due to excessive pressure.
[0033] It should be noted that the explosion-proof valve 105 is a weak area formed on the battery casing (the casing composed of the cell casing 107 and the cell cover 106). This embodiment does not limit the specific relationship between the explosion-proof valve 105 and the cell cover 106. For example, the explosion-proof valve 105 and the cell cover 106 can be designed as an integral structure. Specifically, the weak area can be directly marked on the cell cover 106 through processes such as stamping or laser etching, that is, the explosion-proof valve 105 can be directly formed on the cell cover 106 through the corresponding process to achieve pressure relief.
[0034] Alternatively, the explosion-proof valve 105 and the cell cover 106 can be designed as separate structures. For example, a pressure relief hole 104 can be provided on the cell cover 106, which communicates with the cell cavity. The explosion-proof valve 105 is installed on the cell cover 106, and at least a portion of the weakest area of the explosion-proof valve 105 is arranged corresponding to the pressure relief hole 104. That is, the projection of the explosion-proof valve 105 on the cell cover 106 needs to cover the pressure relief hole 104, so that the pressure relief hole 104 is sealed by the explosion-proof valve 105, allowing the cell to be placed in a sealed cell cavity. The explosion-proof valve 105 will only open when the pressure in the cell cavity exceeds the pressure relief pressure of the explosion-proof valve 105, allowing the cell cavity to communicate with the outside through the pressure relief hole 104 to achieve pressure relief.
[0035] A fireproof component 102 is disposed on the cell cover 106 and above the explosion-proof valve 105, covering the explosion-proof valve 105. Whether the explosion-proof valve 105 is directly machined onto the cell cover 106 or installed thereon, the fireproof component 102 must be positioned above and cover the explosion-proof valve 105. The fireproof component 102 can withstand high-temperature flammable materials ejected from other individual cells 100, preventing these materials from burning through the explosion-proof valve 105, entering the cell cavity, damaging the cell, and causing thermal runaway in other individual cells 100.
[0036] Taking the explosion-proof valve 105 installed on the cell cover 106 by assembly as an example, the fireproof component 102 is disposed on the cell cover 106 to cover the pressure relief hole 104, and the fireproof component 102 is located above the explosion-proof valve 105. Since the fireproof component 102 covers the pressure relief hole 104, it can prevent high-temperature substances from falling onto the explosion-proof valve 105 through the pressure relief hole 104, thereby preventing the falling high-temperature flammable materials from burning through the explosion-proof valve 105 through the pressure relief hole 104 and entering the cell cavity, causing damage to the cell.
[0037] Since the larger the capacity of the single battery 100, the more high-temperature substances it ejects during thermal runaway, the stronger its destructive power to the fireproof component 102, and the easier it is to burn through the fireproof component 102. Based on this, in this embodiment, when the capacity of the single battery 100 is W (the unit of the capacity W of the single battery is Ah) and the thickness of the fireproof component 102 is h (the unit of the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 is mm), the ratio of the capacity W of the single battery to the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 satisfies: 30Ah / mm≤W / h≤1500Ah / mm.
[0038] The smaller the ratio of the single-cell capacity W to the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 (for example, taking a ratio of 30 Ah / mm), the larger the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 needs to be for a given single-cell capacity W, resulting in better flame retardant performance. Conversely, the larger the ratio of the single-cell capacity W to the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 (for example, taking a ratio of 1500 Ah / mm), the smaller the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 needs to be for a given single-cell capacity W, resulting in lower cost while still achieving flame retardant performance. Experimental verification shows that when the ratio is between 30 Ah / mm and 1500 Ah / mm, the fireproof component 102 provides better flame retardant protection for the explosion-proof valve 105, reduces damage to adjacent batteries and other structures in the battery pack, and lowers the risk of thermal runaway.
[0039] Furthermore, the ratio of the capacity W of the single battery cell to the thickness h of the fire-resistant component 102 satisfies: 100Ah / mm ≤ W / h ≤ 600Ah / mm. Similarly, when the ratio of the capacity W of the single battery cell to the thickness h of the fire-resistant component 102 is 100Ah / mm, then with a fixed capacity W of the single battery cell, a larger thickness h of the fire-resistant component 102 results in better flame-retardant performance, regardless of cost. When the ratio of the capacity W of the single battery cell to the thickness h of the fire-resistant component 102 is 600Ah / mm, then with a fixed capacity W of the single battery cell, a relatively smaller thickness h of the fire-resistant component 102 results in a fire-retardant performance while maintaining a lower cost. When the ratio of the capacity W of a single battery cell to the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 is 350 Ah / mm, then with a fixed capacity W of the single battery cell, the thickness of the fireproof component 102 is moderate, which can achieve better flame retardant effect while also taking cost into account.
[0040] It should be noted that the ratio of the single-cell capacity W to the thickness h of the fire-resistant component 102 has been experimentally verified and can meet the flame-retardant requirements of a single-cell battery with a capacity of W during thermal runaway. Those skilled in the art can select an appropriate ratio within the above range, taking cost into consideration. This prevents increased costs and bonding difficulties due to excessive thickness, while also preventing the risk of protective failure due to insufficient thickness.
[0041] The capacity W of the single battery cell 100 is not less than 50Ah, and the single battery cell 100 can be a ternary lithium battery. It should be noted that the specific capacity W of the single battery cell 100 can be designed according to requirements and is not limited to the limitation of not less than 50Ah. The single battery cell 100 is not limited to ternary lithium batteries.
[0042] Furthermore, the upper surface of the cell cover 106 is usually covered with an insulating cover plate 101. It should be noted that the insulating cover plate 101 cannot cover the pressure relief hole 104 and the terminal post of the single cell 100.
[0043] In summary, the single-cell battery 100 disclosed in this application embodiment has a fireproof component 102 covering the pressure relief hole 104 on the cell cover 106. The fireproof component 102 is located above the explosion-proof valve 105, so that when the single-cell battery 100 experiences thermal runaway, the upward-sprayed flammable material will break through the explosion-proof valve 105 and the fireproof component 102, preventing the single-cell battery 100 from exploding.
[0044] Because this application has a fireproof component 102 on the individual battery 100, when one or some individual batteries 100 experience thermal runaway, the fireproof component 102 on the other individual batteries 100 that have not experienced thermal runaway can still cover the pressure relief hole 104, preventing the ejected combustibles from falling into the pressure relief hole 104, damaging the explosion-proof valve 105, and causing a chain reaction of thermal runaway.
[0045] Furthermore, the capacity W of the individual battery 100 and the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 satisfy the condition 30Ah / mm≤W / h≤1500Ah / mm. When the capacity W and the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 are within the above range, the fireproof component 102 of the individual battery 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway can provide better flame-retardant protection for its explosion-proof valve 105 in the event of thermal runaway of one or more individual batteries 100. This reduces the damage to adjacent individual batteries 100 and other structures of the battery pack caused by the high-temperature substances generated by the thermal runaway of some individual batteries 100, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway.
[0046] In one specific embodiment of this application, the explosion-proof valve 105 is disposed on the side of the cell cover 106 facing the cell cavity, while the fireproof component 102 is disposed on the side of the cell cover 106 facing away from the cell cavity. That is, in this embodiment, the fireproof component 102 and the explosion-proof valve 105 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the cell cover 106, making it easier to fix the fireproof component 102 and the explosion-proof valve 105. They can be directly glued to the corresponding side surface of the cell cover 106.
[0047] A pressure relief mounting groove can be provided on the side of the cell cover 106 facing the cell cavity. The pressure relief mounting groove communicates with the pressure relief hole 104, and the explosion-proof valve 105 is embedded in the pressure relief mounting groove. That is, on the surface of the cell cover 106 facing the cell cavity, a pressure relief mounting groove is provided around the outside of the pressure relief hole 104. The edge of the explosion-proof valve 105 can be glued into the pressure relief mounting groove surrounding the pressure relief hole 104, and the main body of the explosion-proof valve 105 is kept aligned with the pressure relief hole 104. The main body of the explosion-proof valve 105 has a weak area, so that its main body can be ruptured and depressurized under the action of high-pressure gas.
[0048] To enhance the protective effect of the fireproof component 102, in this embodiment, a support protrusion is provided on the side of the battery cell cover 106 facing away from the battery cell cavity, and the support protrusion surrounds the explosion-proof valve 105. The fireproof component 102 is disposed on the support protrusion. In this embodiment, because the fireproof component 102 is disposed on the support protrusion, the connection point between the fireproof component 102 and the battery cell cover 106 is higher than the main surface of the battery cell cover 106. This arrangement can prevent high-temperature substances or other external substances on the battery cell cover 106 from entering the pressure relief hole 104 through the connection point between the fireproof component 102 and the battery cell cover 106, thereby further protecting the explosion-proof valve 105.
[0049] In one specific embodiment of this application, the single battery cell 100 may further include a protective patch 103, which is an insulating patch with insulating and protective functions. The protective patch 103 is disposed between the fireproof component 102 and the cell cover 106, and the protective patch 103 can cover the explosion-proof valve 105. It should be noted that the fireproof component 102 can be pre-integrated on the protective patch 103 and simultaneously pasted on the cell cover 106. That is, the fireproof component 102 and the protective patch 103 are integrated into one unit through integration processes such as bonding, hot pressing, vacuum forming, spraying, or integral injection molding. Then, the integrated component is bonded to the cell cover 106 as a whole, keeping the fireproof component 102 on the outside to achieve high temperature resistance. When the fireproof component 102 and the protective patch 103 are integrated into one unit, it is easier to fix the fireproof component 102 and the protective patch 103 on the single battery cell 100 during the battery module manufacturing process, simplifying the manufacturing process.
[0050] Of course, the protective patch 103 and the fireproof component 102 can also be designed as two independent parts and attached to the cell cover 106 sequentially. With this arrangement, during the fabrication of the individual battery 100, the fireproof component 102 can be first attached to the cell cover 106, covering the explosion-proof valve 105, and then each individual battery 100 can be placed inside the battery module housing to complete the welding of other components such as electrical connectors. Since the installation of the protective patch 103 has already been completed, the protective patch 103 can temporarily protect the explosion-proof valve 105, preventing other impurities generated during assembly from falling onto the explosion-proof valve 105 and affecting its reliability. In this embodiment, the protective patch 103 can temporarily protect the explosion-proof valve 105 before the installation of the fireproof component 102.
[0051] In this embodiment, the fireproof component 102 is adhered to the protective patch 103, and the adhesion strength between the fireproof component 102 and the protective patch 103 is ≥1MPa, ensuring that the fireproof component 102 and the battery cell cover 106 have sufficient fixing strength. Compared to adhering the fireproof component 102 only to the support protrusion, the fireproof component 102 has a larger adhesion area, thus achieving greater fixing strength.
[0052] In this embodiment, the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 can be selected between 0.05mm and 3mm. Specifically, the thickness of the fireproof component 102 should be selected according to the capacity W of the individual battery 100. Those skilled in the art will understand that when the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 is 0.05mm, the manufacturing cost of the fireproof component 102 is lower and it is easier to bond, but it is prone to the risk of protection failure in the event of thermal runaway of multiple individual batteries 100. When the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 is 3mm, the flame retardant effect of the fireproof component 102 is better, but the manufacturing cost is higher and bonding is difficult. When the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 is 1.5mm, the fireproof component 102 can balance flame retardant effect, manufacturing cost, and ease of bonding. Those skilled in the art can select the specific thickness of the fireproof component 102 according to actual needs.
[0053] The fire-retardant component 102 has a melting point ≥500℃ to meet the flame-retardant requirements for high-temperature substances ejected during battery thermal runaway. The material of the fire-retardant component 102 can be glass fiber, mica, ceramic, or ceramic rubber. It should be noted that while all of the above materials meet the requirement of a melting point ≥500℃, this embodiment is not limited to the four materials listed above; any material capable of achieving a flame-retardant effect is acceptable.
[0054] In a specific embodiment of this application, the area of the fireproof component 102 is S1, and the cross-sectional area of the explosion-proof valve 105 is S2 (it should be noted that the cross-sectional area of the explosion-proof valve 105 is the area exposed outside the battery cell cover 106 when the fireproof component 102 and the protective patch 103 are not installed). Therefore, S2≤S1≤2S2. That is, in order for the fireproof component 102 to cover the explosion-proof valve 105, S1≥S2 is chosen; in order to save the material used for the fireproof component 102 and reduce costs, S1≤2S2 is chosen.
[0055] Figure 3 Two types of fireproof components 102 are shown. One type is a waist-shaped structure that satisfies the condition S2≤S1≤2S2, and has a smaller area while still covering the pressure relief hole 104. The other type is a rectangular structure with its two ends extending to two poles, providing a larger coverage area. This embodiment does not limit the shape of the fireproof component 102, as long as it can cover the pressure relief hole 104.
[0056] This application also discloses a battery module, which includes a plurality of electrically connected individual battery cells 100, wherein the individual battery cells 100 are the same as those disclosed in the above embodiments. The battery module disclosed in this application, having the aforementioned individual battery cells 100, possesses all the technical effects of the aforementioned individual battery cells 100, which will not be elaborated upon further herein.
[0057] Those skilled in the art will understand that the closer two adjacent individual battery cells 100 are, the greater the impact of the high-temperature material ejected by an individual battery cell 100 on nearby individual battery cells 100 during thermal runaway. Based on this, in this embodiment, the distance between the explosion-proof valves 105 of two adjacent individual battery cells 100 is 'a', which is 0.25 mm. 2 ≤a*h≤150mm 2 .
[0058] In this embodiment, when the product of the thickness of the fireproof component 102 and the distance between the explosion-proof valves 105 of two adjacent single cells 100 satisfies the above range, the smaller the distance between the pressure relief holes 104, the larger the thickness of the fireproof component 102, so as to prevent it from being burned through by high-temperature substances; the larger the distance between the pressure relief holes 104, the smaller the thickness of the fireproof component 102, so as to reduce the manufacturing cost of the fireproof component 102.
[0059] Furthermore, the product of the distance 'a' of the pressure relief hole 104 of the aforementioned single battery cell 100 and the thickness 'h' of the fireproof component 102 can be selected between an upper and lower limit value according to requirements. It should be noted that, with a thickness of 0.25mm... 2 ≤a*h≤150mm 2For example, the larger the product of a*h (units are disregarded for ease of understanding, e.g., a product of a*h is 150), the greater the thickness of the fireproof component 102. The smaller the product of a*h (e.g., a product of a*h is 0.25), the smaller the thickness of the fireproof component 102. When the product of a*h is 75, the fireproof component 102 can achieve a medium thickness.
[0060] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can select the specific product of a*h according to actual needs to control the thickness h of the fireproof component 102 within a reasonable range, so as to prevent increased costs and bonding difficulties due to excessive thickness; and at the same time, to prevent protection failure due to insufficient thickness.
[0061] As indicated in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "a," and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may include the plural. Generally, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of expressly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements. An element defined by the phrase "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, product, or apparatus that includes the element.
[0062] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.
[0063] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0064] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this application without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A single-cell battery, characterized in that, include: The cell housing (107) has a cell cavity for accommodating the cell; A cell cover (106) is disposed on the top opening side of the cell housing (107); An explosion-proof valve (105) is disposed on the battery cell cover (106); A fireproof component (102) is disposed on the cell cover (106) and above the explosion-proof valve (105), covering the explosion-proof valve (105). The capacity of the single cell is W, and the thickness of the fireproof component (102) is h. Then 30Ah / mm≤W / h≤1500Ah / mm.
2. The single-cell battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fireproof component (102) has a melting point ≥500℃.
3. The single-cell battery as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fireproof component (102) is made of glass fiber, mica, ceramic or ceramic rubber.
4. The single-cell battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion-proof valve (105) is disposed on the side of the battery cell cover (106) facing the battery cell cavity; And / or, The fireproof component (102) is disposed on the side of the battery cell cover (106) opposite to the battery cell cavity.
5. The single-cell battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion-proof valve (105) and the battery cell cover (106) are an integral structure; or, The battery cell cover (106) is provided with a pressure relief hole (104), the explosion-proof valve (105) is installed on the battery cell cover (106), and the projection of the explosion-proof valve (105) on the battery cell cover (106) covers the pressure relief hole (104). The fireproof component (102) is above the pressure relief hole (104) and covers the pressure relief hole (104).
6. The single-cell battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cell cover (106) has a pressure relief mounting groove on the side facing the cell cavity, and the explosion-proof valve (105) is embedded in the pressure relief mounting groove; And / or, The battery cell cover (106) has a support protrusion on the side opposite to the battery cell cavity, and the support protrusion surrounds the explosion-proof valve (105). The fireproof component (102) is disposed on the support protrusion.
7. The single-cell battery according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes a protective patch (103) disposed between the fireproof component (102) and the battery cell cover (106), and the protective patch (103) covers the explosion-proof valve (105).
8. The single-cell battery as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The fireproof component (102) is pre-integrated on the protective patch (103) and simultaneously attached to the battery cell cover (106); or, The protective patch (103) and the fireproof component (102) are successively attached to the battery cell cover (106).
9. The single-cell battery as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The fireproof component (102) is attached to the protective patch (103), and the bonding strength between the fireproof component (102) and the protective patch (103) is ≥1MPa; And / or, The protective patch (103) is an insulating patch.
10. The single-cell battery according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The ratio of the capacity W of the single battery cell to the thickness h of the fireproof component (102) satisfies 100Ah / mm≤W / h≤600Ah / mm.
11. The single-cell battery according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The capacity of the single battery cell is W≥50Ah; And / or, The single battery cell is a ternary lithium battery; And / or, The thickness h of the fireproof component (102) is 0.05mm-3mm; And / or, The area of the fireproof component (102) is S1, and the cross-sectional area of the explosion-proof valve (105) is S2, then S2≤S1≤2S2.
12. A battery module, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of electrically connected individual battery cells (100), and the individual battery cells (100) are as described in any one of claims 1-11.
13. The battery module as described in claim 12, characterized in that, If the distance between the explosion-proof valves (105) of two adjacent individual battery cells (100) is a, then it is 0.25 mm. 2 ≤a*h≤150mm 2 .