Safety braking device for dumper and dumper

Abstract

The safety braking device for the dumper comprises a travel switch, a touch block, a swing arm and an installation base, the travel switch is installed on the installation base, the touch block is arranged on the installation base in a linear sliding mode and arranged opposite to the travel switch, a first elastic reset piece is arranged between the touch block and the installation base, and a second elastic reset piece is arranged between the touch block and the installation base. The swing arm is rotationally arranged on the mounting base and connected with the touch block through a traction rope, a second elastic reset piece is arranged between the swing arm and the mounting base, and a pushed plate is arranged at the bottom end of the swing arm. The utility model further discloses a dumper which comprises a dumper body, a cab arranged on the front portion of the dumper body, wheels arranged at the bottom of the dumper body and the safety braking device for the dumper, the installation base is installed on the rear portion of the dumper body, a rotating shaft of the swing arm is parallel to rotating shafts of the wheels, the pushed plate is located below the rotating shaft of the swing arm and on the rear side of the swing arm, and a brake releasing switch is arranged in the cab. According to the safety braking device for the dumper and the dumper, mistaken braking is not prone to being caused, and alignment installation is easy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of safety devices for dump trucks, specifically to a safety braking device for dump trucks and a dump truck. Background Technology

[0002] The stripping process in large open-pit mines mainly includes mining, loading, transportation, and dumping. Stripping operations involve using excavators to directly excavate ore from the blast pile and load it into dump trucks for transport to designated dump sites. It is a central link in the open-pit mining process; a single large open-pit mine can strip tens of millions of cubic meters of earth and rock annually, with dump trucks accounting for approximately 90% of the stripping equipment, and dumping operations occurring thousands of times daily. Edge dumping operations are a key focus of mine safety management and a high-risk area prone to accidents. During slope dumping operations, especially during second or third shifts, visibility is poor at night, and driver drowsiness or fatigue can affect reversing safety. If the driver operates improperly, fails to maintain a safe distance, or applies excessive throttle, the dump truck may run over or collide with temporary retaining walls during reversing, causing the vehicle to overturn and fall to the bottom of the slope, resulting in a fatal accident.

[0003] Chinese patent application number 202410633062.X discloses a safety braking device and its method for preventing falls during unloading of a dump truck. Specifically, the device includes a fixed support plate fixed to the rear frame, a rotating shaft on the support plate, and a baffle hinged to the shaft. The baffle hangs down naturally under its own weight and has a stop plate at its top. A proximity switch is installed on the support plate within the coverage area of ​​the stop plate. The method involves reversing the dump truck, causing the baffle to touch the edge of the platform and rotate around the rotating shaft, disengaging the stop plate from the proximity switch. This disconnects the normally closed contact of a relay in the brake air circuit, transmitting a signal to a control valve. The control valve then controls the brake caliper to disconnect the air circuit, causing the brake shoes to rub against the inner wall of the brake drum, thus braking the dump truck. When the baffle leaves the edge of the platform, it rotates in the opposite direction due to its own weight, causing the stop plate to return to its original position. This safety braking device for preventing falls during unloading of a dump truck has the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1) The baffle hangs down naturally under its own weight, without any external force to limit it. It is prone to swinging significantly during the operation of the dump truck, which can easily cause accidental braking.

[0005] 2) The proximity switch is directly connected to the baffle. The baffle swings and the connection point with the proximity switch moves in an arc, making it difficult to align and install the proximity switch and the baffle.

[0006] 3) The baffle has a fixed length and is easily hit by obstacles such as stones on the road, which may cause accidental braking. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a safety braking device for dump trucks and a dump truck that is not prone to accidental braking and is easy to install.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A safety braking device for a dump truck includes a limit switch, a contact block, a swing arm, and a mounting base for installation at the rear of the dump truck. The limit switch is mounted on the mounting base and is installed in the brake air circuit of the dump truck. The contact block is linearly slidable on the mounting base and arranged opposite to the limit switch. A first elastic reset member is provided between the contact block and the mounting base to keep the contact block in contact with or separate from the limit switch. The swing arm is rotatably mounted on the mounting base and connected to the contact block by a pull rope. A second elastic reset member is provided between the swing arm and the mounting base. A push plate is provided at the bottom end of the swing arm.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0011] The swing arm has an outer protruding ring on its rotation axis, and the traction rope is wound around the outer protruding ring.

[0012] The rotation axis of the swing arm is located at the top of the swing arm, and a rope receiving part is provided in the middle of the swing arm. One end of the pulling rope is connected to the rope receiving part, and the other end is connected to the contact block.

[0013] The bottom end of the swing arm is provided with a rear suspension wall, and the push plate is located at the end of the rear suspension wall away from the swing arm.

[0014] The mounting base includes a mounting plate and a cantilever arm. The mounting plate is used to install on a dump truck. One end of the cantilever arm is fixed to the mounting plate, and the other end cantilevers to the rear of the mounting plate. The swing arm is rotatably mounted at the cantilever end of the cantilever arm.

[0015] Both the first elastic reset element and the second elastic reset element are springs.

[0016] The swing arm is a telescopic arm.

[0017] One section of the swing arm is provided with a telescopic component, which is a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or electric cylinder.

[0018] A dump truck includes a vehicle body, a cab located at the front of the vehicle body, and wheels located at the bottom of the vehicle body. The dump truck also includes the aforementioned safety braking device for dump trucks. The mounting base is installed at the rear of the dump truck. The rotation axis of the swing arm is parallel to the rotation axis of the wheels. The push plate is located below the rotation axis of the swing arm and on the rear side of the swing arm. A brake release switch is provided in the cab.

[0019] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0020] The system includes a brake air circuit, which is equipped with a solenoid valve for switching the airflow on and off. A relay is installed on the vehicle body. The solenoid valve and a limit switch are connected in series to form a series circuit. The series circuit and the relay are connected in parallel and then connected to the power supply through the limit switch.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0022] This utility model discloses a safety braking device for dump trucks, installed at the rear of the dump truck. First, a swing arm is mounted on a mounting base, with a second elastic reset member between the swing arm and the mounting base. Compared to the prior art where the baffle naturally droops under its own weight, the swing arm, with the external force limiting effect of the second elastic reset member, is less prone to large-scale swinging during the dump truck's operation, thus reducing the risk of accidental braking. Second, a contact block is linearly slidable on the mounting base. The push plate, pushed by the baffle wall, causes the swing arm to swing clockwise. The swing arm tightens the pull rope, causing the contact block to slide linearly, achieving contact or separation with the limit switch, thereby enabling the dump truck's braking system to brake suddenly. When the baffle wall's resistance is released, the swing arm releases the pull rope, and the contact block returns to its original position under the elastic force of the first elastic reset member, separating or contacting the limit switch. Compared to the prior art where the baffle makes contact and separation with the proximity switch through arc-shaped movement, the contact block makes contact and separation with the limit switch through linear movement, making the alignment and installation of the limit switch and the contact block easier.

[0023] The present invention relates to a dump truck, including a safety braking device for dump trucks, which has all the advantages of a safety braking device for dump trucks. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the safety braking device for dump trucks of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the safety braking device for dump trucks of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the dump truck of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the swing arm of the dump truck of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the contact block, solenoid valve, relay and release switch of the dump truck of this utility model.

[0030] The labels in the diagram represent:

[0031] 1. Limit switch; 2. Contact block; 3. Swing arm; 31. Push plate; 32. Outer protruding ring; 33. Rope receiving part; 34. Rear suspension wall; 35. Telescopic component; 4. Mounting base; 41. Mounting plate; 42. Extended arm; 5. Dump truck; 51. Vehicle body; 52. Cab; 53. Wheel; 6. Elastic reset component; 7. Tow rope; 8. Second elastic reset component; 9. Brake release switch; 10. Solenoid valve; 11. Relay. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0035] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] Figure 1This invention illustrates an embodiment of a safety braking device for a dump truck. The device includes a limit switch 1, a contact block 2, a swing arm 3, and a mounting base 4 for installation at the rear of the dump truck 5. The limit switch 1 is mounted on the mounting base 4 and is installed in the brake air circuit of the dump truck 5. The contact block 2 is linearly slidable on the mounting base 4 and arranged opposite to the limit switch 1. A first elastic reset member 6 is provided between the contact block 2 and the mounting base 4 to keep the contact block 2 in contact with or separate from the limit switch 1. The swing arm 3 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 4 and connected to the contact block 2 via a pull rope 7. A second elastic reset member 8 is provided between the swing arm 3 and the mounting base 4. A push plate 31 is provided at the bottom end of the swing arm 3.

[0038] The safety braking device for this dump truck is installed at the rear of the dump truck 5. First, the swing arm 3 is swaying on the mounting base 4, and a second elastic reset member 8 is provided between the swing arm 3 and the mounting base 4. Compared with the prior art where the baffle naturally droops under its own weight, the swing arm 3 has the external force limiting effect of the second elastic reset member 8, which makes it less likely to swing excessively during the operation of the dump truck, thus making it less likely to cause accidental braking. Second, the contact block 2 is linearly slidable on the mounting base 4. The push plate 31 is pushed by the baffle wall, causing the swing arm 3 to swing clockwise. The swing arm 3 pulls the traction rope 7, causing the contact block 2 to slide linearly, thus making contact with or separating from the limit switch 1. This causes the braking system of the dump truck 5 to brake suddenly. When the barrier wall is released, the swing arm 3 releases the traction rope 7, and the contact block 2 returns to its original position under the elastic force of the first elastic reset member 6, separating or making contact with the limit switch 1. Compared with the existing technology, which uses the arc movement of the baffle to make contact and separate from the proximity switch, the linear movement of the contact block 2 makes contact and separation from the limit switch 1 easier. The alignment and installation of the limit switch 1 and the contact block 2 are also easier.

[0039] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the rotating shaft of the swing arm 3 is provided with an outer protruding ring 32, and the pull rope 7 is wound around the outer protruding ring 32. The outer protruding ring 32 is equivalent to a rubber wheel, which winds up or releases the pull rope 7 when the swing arm 3 swings, thereby pulling or releasing the contact block 2.

[0040] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the rotation axis of the swing arm 3 is located at the top of the swing arm 3, and the middle part of the swing arm 3 is provided with a rope receiving part 33. One end of the pulling rope 7 is connected to the rope receiving part 33, and the other end is connected to the contact block 2.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a rear suspension wall 34 is provided at the bottom end of the swing arm 3, and a push plate 31 is provided at the end of the rear suspension wall 34 away from the swing arm 3. When the safety braking device for the dump truck is installed at the rear of the dump truck 5, the push plate 31 is suspended to the rear side of the rear wheel, and is promptly pushed by the retaining wall, which helps to ensure a safe distance between the dump truck 5 and the retaining wall during emergency braking and improves safety.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the mounting base 4 includes a mounting plate 41 and a cantilever arm 42. The mounting plate 41 is used to mount on the dump truck 5. One end of the cantilever arm 42 is fixed to the mounting plate 41, and the other end cantilevers to the rear side of the mounting plate 41. The swing arm 3 is rotatably mounted at the cantilever end of the cantilever arm 42. The function of the cantilever arm 42 is to ensure that when the safety braking device for the dump truck is installed at the rear of the dump truck 5, the push plate 31 cantilevers as far as possible to the rear side of the rear wheels, which is more conducive to ensuring a safe distance between the dump truck 5 and the retaining wall during emergency braking.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, both the first elastic reset member 6 and the second elastic reset member 8 are springs.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the swing arm 3 is a fixed-length arm with a fixed length.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] Figure 2 This paper illustrates another embodiment of the safety braking device for dump trucks according to the present invention. The structure of the safety braking device for dump trucks in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that the swing arm 3 is a telescopic arm. In this way, during transportation, the length of the swing arm 3 can be shortened to increase the height of the push plate 31 above the road surface, avoiding accidental collision with obstacles such as stones on the road surface, thereby preventing accidental braking.

[0047] Furthermore, in this embodiment, one section of the swing arm 3 is provided with a telescopic component 35, which is a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or electric cylinder. The length of the swing arm 3 is adjusted by the telescopic function of the telescopic component 35. Of course, in other embodiments, the telescopic component 35 can also use a double-ended threaded sleeve and two screws for telescopic operation, or other mechanical structures for telescopic operation. The telescopic component 35 can be controlled by a control switch installed on the dump truck 5 (e.g., inside the cab 52), or it can be manually operated after getting off the truck.

[0048] Example 3:

[0049] One embodiment of the dump truck 5 of this utility model includes a vehicle body 51, a cab 52 located at the front of the vehicle body 51, and wheels 53 located at the bottom of the vehicle body 51. The dump truck 5 also includes a safety braking device for dump trucks as described in Embodiment 1. A mounting base 4 is installed at the rear of the dump truck 5. The rotation axis of the swing arm 3 is parallel to the rotation axis of the wheel 53. The push plate 31 is located below the rotation axis of the swing arm 3 and on the rear side of the swing arm 3. A brake release switch 9 is provided in the cab 52.

[0050] As the dump truck 5 approaches the retaining wall, the driver begins to reverse until the push plate 31 touches the retaining wall. The push plate 31 is then pushed backward by the retaining wall, causing the swing arm 3 to swing clockwise. The swing arm 3 tightens the pull rope 7, causing the contact block 2 to slide linearly, thus contacting or separating from the limit switch 1. This closes the normally closed contact of the limit switch 1, thereby triggering an emergency brake on the dump truck 5. This dump truck 5 includes the safety braking device for dump trucks of Embodiment 1 and possesses all the advantages of the safety braking device for dump trucks of Embodiment 1.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a crossbar is provided on the vehicle body 51, and the swing arm 3 is rotatably fitted with the crossbar. The crossbar increases the strength of the swing arm 3 on the one hand, and facilitates the increase of the number of safety braking devices on the other hand.

[0052] Example 4:

[0053] Figures 3 to 5 Another embodiment of the dump truck 5 of this utility model is shown. The dump truck 5 of this embodiment includes a vehicle body 51, a cab 52 located at the front of the vehicle body 51, and wheels 53 located at the bottom of the vehicle body 51. The dump truck 5 also includes a safety braking device for dump trucks according to embodiment two. The mounting seat 4 is installed at the rear of the dump truck 5. The rotation axis of the swing arm 3 is parallel to the rotation axis of the wheel 53. The push plate 31 is located below the rotation axis of the swing arm 3 and on the rear side of the swing arm 3. A brake release switch 9 is provided in the cab 52.

[0054] As the dump truck 5 approaches the retaining wall, the driver begins to reverse until the push plate 31 touches the retaining wall. The push plate 31 is then pushed backward by the retaining wall, causing the swing arm 3 to swing clockwise. The swing arm 3 tightens the pull rope 7, causing the contact block 2 to slide linearly, thus contacting or separating from the limit switch 1. This closes the normally closed contact of the limit switch 1, triggering an emergency brake on the dump truck 5. This dump truck 5 includes the safety braking device for dump trucks according to Embodiment Two and possesses all the advantages of the safety braking device for dump trucks according to Embodiment Two.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a crossbar is provided on the vehicle body 51, and the swing arm 3 is rotatably fitted with the crossbar. The crossbar increases the strength of the swing arm 3 on the one hand, and facilitates the increase of the number of safety braking devices on the other hand.

[0056] Example 5:

[0057] Another embodiment of the dump truck 5 of this utility model has a structure that is basically the same as that of embodiment three or embodiment four, the only difference being: Figure 6As shown, the vehicle includes a brake air circuit. The brake air circuit of the dump truck 5 is equipped with a solenoid valve 10 for switching the airflow on and off. The vehicle body 51 is equipped with a relay 11. The solenoid valve 10 and the limit switch 1 are connected in series to form a series circuit. The series circuit and the relay 11 are connected in parallel and then connected to the power supply through the limit switch 1.

[0058] When the dump truck 5 approaches the retaining wall, the driver begins to reverse until the push plate 31 touches the retaining wall. The push plate 31 is then pushed backward by the retaining wall, causing the swing arm 3 to swing clockwise. The swing arm 3 tightens the pull rope 7, causing the contact block 2 to slide linearly, thus contacting or separating from the limit switch 1. This closes the normally closed contact of the limit switch 1, energizing the coil of the solenoid valve 10, closing the solenoid valve 10, cutting off the brake air supply, and engaging the brake system (with the motor valve closed) of the dump truck 5. When the vehicle needs to leave, the release switch 9 is disconnected, de-energizing the coil of the relay 11 and the solenoid valve 10. The solenoid valve 10 opens, allowing air to flow through the brake air supply, releasing the brake system (with the motor valve open) of the dump truck 5, and allowing the dump truck 5 to move forward normally. The solenoid valve 10 is preferably a two-position three-way solenoid valve. Using the opening and closing of the brake air supply to engage and disengage the brake system is a standard practice in this field and will not be elaborated further here. The braking system is a conventional braking system, such as a pneumatic caliper disc braking system, and its specific structure will not be described in detail.

[0059] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify it into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the content of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety braking device for a dump truck, characterized in that: The device includes a limit switch (1), a contact block (2), a swing arm (3), and a mounting base (4) for mounting at the rear of a dump truck (5). The limit switch (1) is mounted on the mounting base (4) and is used to be installed in the brake air circuit of the dump truck (5). The contact block (2) is linearly slidably mounted on the mounting base (4) and arranged opposite to the limit switch (1). A first elastic reset member (6) is provided between the contact block (2) and the mounting base (4). The first elastic reset member (6) is used to keep the contact block (2) in contact with or separate from the limit switch (1). The swing arm (3) is rotatably mounted on the mounting base (4) and connected to the contact block (2) by a pull rope (7). A second elastic reset member (8) is provided between the swing arm (3) and the mounting base (4). A push plate (31) is provided at the bottom end of the swing arm (3).

2. The safety braking device for dump trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing arm (3) has an outer protruding ring (32) on its rotation axis, and the traction rope (7) is wound around the outer protruding ring (32).

3. The safety braking device for dump trucks according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotation axis of the swing arm (3) is located at the top of the swing arm (3). The middle part of the swing arm (3) is provided with a rope receiving part (33). One end of the pulling rope (7) is connected to the rope receiving part (33), and the other end is connected to the contact block (2).

4. The safety braking device for dump trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the swing arm (3) is provided with a rear suspension wall (34), and the push plate (31) is located at the end of the rear suspension wall (34) away from the swing arm (3).

5. The safety braking device for dump trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base (4) includes a mounting plate (41) and a cantilever arm (42). The mounting plate (41) is used to install on the dump truck (5). One end of the cantilever arm (42) is fixed on the mounting plate (41), and the other end cantilevers to the rear side of the mounting plate (41). The swing arm (3) is rotatably disposed at the cantilever end of the cantilever arm (42).

6. The safety braking device for dump trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first elastic reset member (6) and the second elastic reset member (8) are springs.

7. The safety braking device for dump trucks according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The swing arm (3) is a telescopic arm.

8. The safety braking device for dump trucks according to claim 7, characterized in that: One section of the swing arm (3) is provided with a telescopic component (35), which is a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder.

9. A dump truck (5), comprising a vehicle body (51), a cab (52) disposed at the front of the vehicle body (51), and wheels (53) disposed at the bottom of the vehicle body (51), characterized in that: The dump truck (5) further includes a safety braking device for dump trucks according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the mounting base (4) is installed at the rear of the dump truck (5), the rotation axis of the swing arm (3) is parallel to the rotation axis of the wheel (53), the push plate (31) is located below the rotation axis of the swing arm (3) and on the rear side of the swing arm (3), and a release switch (9) is provided in the cab (52).

10. The dump truck (5) according to claim 9, characterized in that: The system includes a brake air circuit, which is equipped with a solenoid valve (10) for switching the airflow on and off. A relay (11) is provided on the vehicle body (51). The solenoid valve (10) and the limit switch (1) are connected in series to form a series circuit. The series circuit and the relay (11) are connected in parallel and then connected to the power supply through the limit switch (1).

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