Driving circuit for electrical system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a drive circuit used for an electrical system, the electrical system comprises a power supply comprising a first power supply and a second power supply, the drive circuit comprises a first relay, a load and a second relay which are connected in sequence, one end of the first relay is connected with the first power supply, and the other end of the first relay is connected with the second power supply. The load is configured to work after being provided with electric energy from the first power supply, and the first relay and the second relay are respectively configured to change the opening and closing states after being provided with electric energy from the second power supply; the monitoring unit is configured to monitor the first voltage in real time; the control unit is configured to determine whether the first relay is adhered or not according to the first voltage and the driving signal, and under the condition of determining that the first relay is adhered, the control unit controls the disconnection of the second relay to enable the load not to be provided with electric energy and stop working, so that the load can be prevented from being powered off when the first relay is adhered. And the load continuously works to cause damage. The utility model further discloses a vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to electrical systems, and in particular to a drive circuit for electrical systems and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] A relay is an electronic control device that uses electromagnetic or magnetic force to control the switching of circuits. Relays play a role in automatic control and switching in circuits and are widely used in various electrical systems and electronic equipment.

[0003] However, existing drive circuits that include relays cannot monitor the status of the relays and cannot avoid the impact on the load when the relays stick together. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problem that the drive circuit cannot monitor the relay in real time, which causes damage to the load when adhesion occurs.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model discloses a drive circuit for an electrical system. The electrical system includes a first power supply and a second power supply. The drive circuit includes a first relay, a load, and a second relay connected in sequence. One end of the first relay is connected to the first power supply. The load is configured to operate after being supplied with electrical energy from the first power supply. The first relay and the second relay are respectively configured to change their open / closed states after being supplied with electrical energy from the second power supply. A monitoring unit is configured to monitor a first voltage in real time, which is the voltage between the other end of the first relay and the first power supply. A control unit is configured to determine whether the first relay is stuck based on the first voltage and a drive signal. If the first relay is determined to be stuck, the control unit controls the open / closed state of the second relay to stop the load from being supplied with electrical energy and thus stops its operation. The drive signal is a signal issued by the control unit to drive the load to operate.

[0006] The drive circuit provided in this application adds a second relay and a monitoring unit, enabling the monitoring unit to monitor the first voltage in real time. This allows the control unit to determine whether the first relay is stuck based on the first voltage and the drive signal. If sticking is detected, the control unit can control the opening and closing state of the second relay to stop the load from receiving power and thus prevent it from operating. This avoids the load continuing to operate and causing damage when the first relay is stuck. Compared to existing drive circuits, which only have one relay and no monitoring unit, they cannot detect relay sticking in time to prevent potential damage to the load.

[0007] In some embodiments, the number of second power sources is two, capable of supplying power to the first relay and the second relay respectively, and the drive circuit further includes:

[0008] The first controlled switch is configured to determine whether it is in an on or off state based on a first control signal from the control unit. When the first controlled switch is in the on state, the first relay is supplied with electrical energy from one of the second power sources.

[0009] The second controlled switch is configured to determine whether it is in an on or off state based on a second control signal from the control unit. When the second controlled switch is in the on state, the second relay is supplied with electrical energy from another power source in the second power supply.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first relay includes a first coil and a first switch, wherein the first coil is capable of determining whether it is energized based on whether the first controlled switch is in an on or off state, and the first switch is capable of determining whether it is in a closed or open state based on whether the first coil is energized; the second relay includes a second coil and a second switch, wherein the second coil is capable of determining whether it is energized based on whether the second controlled switch is in an on or off state, and the second switch is capable of determining whether it is in a closed or open state based on whether the second coil is energized.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first relay is a normally open relay and the second relay is a normally closed relay.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the first controlled switch is in the ON state, the first coil is energized, the first switch is in the OFF state, and the first relay is in the OFF state; when the first controlled switch is in the OFF state, the first coil is not energized, the first switch is in the OFF state, and the first relay is in the OFF state, and / or...

[0013] When the second controlled switch is in the ON state, the second coil is energized, the second switch is in the OFF state, and the second relay is in the OFF state; when the second controlled switch is in the OFF state, the second coil is not energized, the second switch is in the OFF state, and the second relay is in the OFF state.

[0014] In some embodiments, if it is determined that the first relay is stuck, the control unit controls a second control signal to put the second controlled switch on to disconnect the second relay.

[0015] In some embodiments, the control unit is configured to determine that the first relay is stuck when the first voltage is high and there is no drive signal, and to determine that the first relay is not stuck when the first voltage is high and there is a drive signal.

[0016] In some embodiments, the monitoring unit is an analog-to-digital converter, used to convert the monitored analog voltage signal into a digital voltage signal and send it to the control unit.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first controlled switch and / or the second controlled switch are metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors.

[0018] This application also discloses a vehicle including any of the above-mentioned drive circuits for an electrical system, with a motor as the load. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This invention illustrates a drive circuit for an electrical system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. Although the description of this utility model will be presented in conjunction with preferred embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this utility model are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the utility model in conjunction with the embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may be derived based on the claims of this utility model. To provide a deep understanding of this utility model, many specific details will be included in the following description. This utility model may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this utility model, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0021] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0022] In the description of this embodiment, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the utility model product is usually placed in during use. They are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the utility model.

[0023] The terms “first”, “second”, etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of this embodiment, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] refer to Figure 1 This application provides a drive circuit for an electrical system, the electrical system including: a first power supply U Bat The second power supply and the driving circuit include: a first relay MR1, a load L, and a second relay MR2 connected in sequence. One end of the first relay MR1 is connected to the first power supply U. Bat The connection, load L is configured to be supplied from the first power source U. Bat After receiving electrical energy, the first relay MR1 and the second relay MR2 are respectively configured to change their opening and closing states after being supplied with electrical energy from the second power source. In other words, the first power source U... Bat The second power supply is used to supply power to the load L. The second power supply is used to supply power to the first relay MR1 and the second relay MR2. When the relay is powered, its open and closed state can be changed. For example, the relay is in the open state when it is not powered and is in the closed state when it is powered, or the relay is in the closed state when it is not powered and is in the open state when it is powered.

[0027] The driving circuit also includes a monitoring unit 20. It is configured to monitor a first voltage in real time. In this embodiment, the first voltage can be the voltage between the other end of the first relay MR1 and the first power supply U. Bat The voltage between, exemplarily, is such that the monitoring unit 20 is configured to monitor, for example, the voltage between. Figure 1 The voltage at point M is shown. In other embodiments, the first voltage may also be the voltage across the load.

[0028] The drive circuit also includes a control unit 10. It is configured to determine whether the first relay MR1 is stuck based on the first voltage and the drive signal. If the first relay MR1 is determined to be stuck, the control unit 10 controls the opening and closing state of the second relay MR2 to stop the load L from receiving power and thus stop its operation. For example, the control unit 10 controls the second relay MR2 to be in the open state, thereby stopping the load L from receiving power and thus stopping its operation. The drive signal is the signal issued by the control unit 10 to drive the load L to operate.

[0029] It should be noted that when the drive circuit of this application is applied to a vehicle, the first power supply and the second power supply can be two different vehicle power supplies, or they can be the same power supply, or two independently controllable power supplies separated from the same power supply. The load L can be a motor. In other embodiments, the drive circuit can also be applied to other fields, as long as it is an electrical system containing relays, and no specific limitation is made here. The second power supply can be 12V, or it can be greater than or less than 12V, and no specific limitation is made here. Those skilled in the art can determine the voltage of the second power supply based on the selection of the relay.

[0030] The drive circuit provided in this application adds a second relay MR2 and a monitoring unit 20, enabling the monitoring unit 20 to monitor the first voltage in real time. This allows the control unit 10 to determine whether the first relay MR1 is stuck based on the first voltage and the drive signal. If sticking is detected, the control unit 10 can control the opening and closing state of the second relay MR2 to stop the load L from receiving power and thus prevent it from working. This avoids the load L from continuing to work and causing damage when the first relay MR1 is stuck. In contrast, existing drive circuits, which only have one relay and no monitoring unit 20, cannot detect relay sticking in time, leading to continuous operation and damage to the load L.

[0031] In some embodiments, the number of second power sources is two, such as... Figure 1 The U shown L1 and U L2 The drive circuit also includes a first controlled switch Q1 and a second controlled switch Q2. The first controlled switch Q1 is configured to respond to a first control signal CTR from the control unit 10. L1 To determine whether it is in a conducting or cut-off state, with the first controlled switch Q1 in the conducting state, the first relay MR1 is supplied from U L1 The second controlled switch Q2 is configured to determine whether it is in an on or off state based on a second control signal CTRL2 from the control unit 10. When the second controlled switch Q2 is in the on state, the second relay MR2 is supplied with electrical energy from U. L2 Electrical energy.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first controlled switch Q1 and / or the second controlled switch Q2 are metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). The first controlled switch Q1 and the second controlled switch Q2 can both be PNP transistors, or both can be NPN transistors, or one can be a PNP transistor and the other an NPN transistor; no specific limitation is made here. The control unit 10 can control the first controlled switch Q1 and the second controlled switch Q2 to be turned on or off by inputting the first control signal CTRL1 and the second control signal CTRL2 to the bases of the first controlled switch Q1 and the second controlled switch Q2, respectively.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first relay MR1 includes a first coil A1 and a first switch S1. The first coil A1 is energized based on whether the first controlled switch Q1 is in an on or off state, and the first switch S1 is closed or open based on whether the first coil A1 is energized. The second relay MR2 includes a second coil A2 and a second switch S2. The second coil A2 is energized based on whether the second controlled switch Q2 is in an on or off state, and the second switch S2 is closed or open based on whether the second coil A2 is energized.

[0034] In this embodiment, the first relay MR1 is a normally open relay, and the second relay MR2 is a normally closed relay. That is, the first relay MR1 is closed when energized and open when not energized; the second relay MR2 is open when energized and closed when not energized. Since the relays contain coils, i.e., inductors, and inductive elements generate brief spike pulses at the moment of disconnection, when the first relay MR1 is a normally open relay and the second relay MR2 is a normally closed relay, the pulse generated when the first relay MR1 is disconnected (i.e., the first coil A1 goes from being energized to being de-energized) can be dissipated along the path from the first coil A1, the load L, the second switch S2 to the ground terminal, and will not flow into the control unit 10 and cause damage.

[0035] Specifically, when the first controlled switch Q1 is in the ON state, the first coil A1 is energized, the first switch S1 is closed, and the first relay MR1 is closed; when the first controlled switch Q1 is in the OFF state, the first coil A1 is not energized, the first switch S1 is open, and the first relay MR1 is open. When the second controlled switch Q2 is in the ON state, the second coil A2 is energized, the second switch S2 is open, and the second relay MR2 is open; when the second controlled switch Q2 is in the OFF state, the second coil A2 is not energized, the second switch S2 is closed, and the second relay MR2 is closed. The first controlled switch Q1 and the second controlled switch Q2 can determine whether they are in the ON or OFF state based on the high and low level signals issued by the control unit 10.

[0036] In some embodiments, the monitoring unit 20 is an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) used to convert the monitored analog voltage signal into a digital voltage signal and send it to the control unit 10. The control unit 10 can determine whether the first relay MR1 is stuck based on the digital voltage signal and the presence or absence of a drive signal.

[0037] In some embodiments, the control unit 10 is configured to determine that the first relay MR1 is stuck when the first voltage is high and there is no drive signal; and to determine that the first relay MR1 is not stuck when the first voltage is high and there is a drive signal.

[0038] If it is determined that the first relay MR1 is stuck, the control unit 10 controls the second control signal CTRL2 (e.g., a high / low level signal) to turn on the second controlled switch Q2, thereby turning off the second relay MR2 (i.e., turning off the second switch S2). In other words, the control unit 10 controls the second control signal CTRL2 to turn on the second controlled switch Q2, energizing the second coil A2 and turning the second switch S2 off. Therefore, the first power supply U... Bat The circuit formed by the first switch S1, load L, second switch S2, and grounding terminal is broken, and the first power supply U... Bat Power is no longer supplied to load L, and load L stops working, thus ensuring that load L will not be damaged due to continuous operation caused by the sticking of the first relay MR1.

[0039] This application also provides a vehicle including a drive circuit for an electrical system as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the load is a motor.

[0040] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the present invention to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art can make various changes in form and detail, including some simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drive circuit for an electrical system, the electrical system comprising: The first power supply and the second power supply are characterized in that the driving circuit includes: A first relay, a load, and a second relay are connected in sequence, wherein one end of the first relay is connected to the first power source, the load is configured to operate after being supplied with electrical energy from the first power source, and the first relay and the second relay are respectively configured to change their open / closed state after being supplied with electrical energy from the second power source. The monitoring unit is configured to monitor a first voltage in real time, the first voltage being the voltage between the other end of the first relay and the first power supply; The control unit is configured to determine whether the first relay is stuck based on the first voltage and the drive signal. If the first relay is stuck, the control unit stops the load from operating by controlling the opening and closing state of the second relay, wherein the drive signal is a signal issued by the control unit to drive the load to operate.

2. The drive circuit for an electrical system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second power source has two components, capable of supplying power to the first relay and the second relay respectively. The drive circuit further includes: The first controlled switch is configured to determine whether it is in an on or off state based on a first control signal from the control unit. When the first controlled switch is in the on state, the first relay is supplied with electrical energy from one of the second power sources. The second controlled switch is configured to determine whether it is in an on or off state based on a second control signal from the control unit. When the second controlled switch is in the on state, the second relay is supplied with electrical energy from another power source in the second power supply.

3. The drive circuit for an electrical system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first relay includes a first coil and a first switch. The first coil can determine whether it is energized based on whether the first controlled switch is in a conducting or cut-off state. The first switch can determine whether it is in a closed or open state based on whether the first coil is energized. The second relay includes a second coil and a second switch. The second coil can determine whether it is energized based on whether the second controlled switch is in a conducting or cut-off state. The second switch can determine whether it is in a closed or open state based on whether the second coil is energized.

4. The drive circuit for an electrical system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first relay is a normally open relay, and the second relay is a normally closed relay.

5. The drive circuit for an electrical system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When the first controlled switch is in the ON state, the first coil is energized, the first switch is in the OFF state, and the first relay is in the OFF state; when the first controlled switch is in the OFF state, the first coil is not energized, the first switch is in the OFF state, the first relay is in the OFF state, and / or... When the second controlled switch is in the ON state, the second coil is energized, the second switch is in the OFF state, and the second relay is in the OFF state; When the second controlled switch is in the off state, the second coil is not energized, the second switch is in the closed state, and the second relay is in the closed state.

6. The drive circuit for an electrical system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, If the first relay is found to be stuck, the control unit controls the second control signal to put the second controlled switch on to disconnect the second relay.

7. The drive circuit for an electrical system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit is configured to determine that the first relay is stuck when the first voltage is high and there is no drive signal; and to determine that the first relay is not stuck when the first voltage is high and there is a drive signal.

8. The drive circuit for an electrical system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring unit is an analog-to-digital converter, used to convert the monitored analog voltage signal into a digital voltage signal and send it to the control unit.

9. The drive circuit for an electrical system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first controlled switch and / or the second controlled switch are metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The device includes a drive circuit for an electrical system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the load is a motor.

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