Equipotential surge protector

Abstract

The utility model discloses an equipotential surge protector, and relates to the field of electronic components. The problems that due to limitation of the structure, energy tolerance and other aspects of an existing SPD, equipotential protection effectiveness, installation and maintenance of a resistance heating element and a protection copper net in an ice melting system are greatly difficult are solved. The device comprises an insulating tube, an insulating positioning sleeve, a pressure spring, a fixed electrode, a first separating electrode, an encircling electrode and an indicating electrode, the insulating positioning sleeve is used for arranging the piezoresistor chips, and each piezoresistor chip and one first electrode are concentrically arranged in the insulating positioning sleeve; the top end of the fixed electrode is positioned in the first limiting groove of the bracket, and the bottom end is positioned in the second limiting groove of the bracket; the two arc-shaped encircling electrodes are concentrically arranged with the bracket and are close to the inner wall of the bracket; the indicating electrode comprises a circular red end face and is driven by the second separating electrode to move to the position below the window of the support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic components, and more specifically to equipotential surge protectors. Background Technology

[0002] Surge protection devices (SPDs) are used to absorb lightning overvoltage spikes, filter out interference signals in the power grid, and protect system safety. They are widely used in precision and expensive instruments, equipment, and power systems in wind power generation, military, communication base stations, railways, and meteorological systems to protect instruments and equipment from lightning strikes and other transient overvoltage interference. With the continuous increase in wind turbine capacity, hub height and rotor diameter, as well as blade length, freezing rain and icing reduce power generation efficiency, thus affecting economic benefits. Therefore, de-icing systems are added inside the blades. However, the traditional pre-embedded guide strips on the blades are clearly ineffective in providing equipotential protection for the resistance heating elements and protective copper mesh in the de-icing system. This increases the frequency of lightning strikes on the blades. The existing SPD structure, namely the 35mm standard rail type, presents significant difficulties in terms of the effectiveness of equipotential protection for the resistance heating elements and protective copper mesh in the de-icing system, as well as in installation and maintenance, due to limitations in structure and energy tolerance. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model provides an equipotential surge protector, which solves the problem that existing SPDs have many limitations in terms of structure and energy tolerance, which bring great difficulties to the effectiveness of equipotential protection, installation and maintenance of resistance heating elements and protective copper mesh in ice melting systems.

[0004] This utility model embodiment provides an equipotential surge protector, including:

[0005] An insulating tube, which is cylindrical, has threaded sleeves on the inner walls of both ends for connecting to the first aluminum disc and the second aluminum disc respectively through the threaded sleeves;

[0006] An insulating positioning sleeve is used to mount one or more varistor chips, each of the varistor chips and a first electrode being concentrically mounted within the insulating positioning sleeve; the top of the varistor chip located above the insulating positioning sleeve contacts the lower side of a first spring located above the insulating positioning sleeve; the bottom of the varistor chip located below the insulating positioning sleeve contacts the upper side of a second spring located below the insulating positioning sleeve.

[0007] A compression spring is located above the insulating positioning sleeve. Its bottom end is concentrically arranged with the insulating positioning sleeve inside the spring diameter positioning ring and contacts the upper side of the first spring plate. Its top end is located inside the spring diameter positioning groove included in the first aluminum disc.

[0008] The fixed electrode has its top end located in the first limiting groove of the bracket, below the second spring, and its bottom end located in the second limiting groove of the bracket, above the third spring.

[0009] A first separating electrode, the first end of which passes through a first slot included in the fixed electrode and contacts the second spring; a second separating electrode, the first end of which passes through a second slot included in the fixed electrode and contacts the third spring; the second ends of the first separating electrode and the second separating electrode are welded together.

[0010] Two arc-shaped circumferential electrodes are concentrically arranged with the support and close to the inner wall of the support. The two circumferential electrodes are respectively connected to the first separation electrode and the second separation electrode by tension springs.

[0011] An indicator electrode, which is connected to the second separation electrode, includes a circular red end face for moving under the influence of the second separation electrode to a position below the window included in the bracket.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes braiding copper wire;

[0013] It is located at the center of the first spring and connected to the first spring. The second end of the braided copper wire is tightened with the O-type terminal in the connecting hole of the first aluminum disc by a combined spiral.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a switch-type discharge tube;

[0015] It is concentrically arranged with the third spring, with its top end in contact with the lower side of the third spring and its bottom end located in the third limiting groove of the second aluminum disk.

[0016] Preferably, the second aluminum disc includes a second connecting end, a second fixing hole, and a partition;

[0017] The second connecting end is located on the side of the second aluminum disc away from the insulating tube, and the second fixing hole is located on the second connecting end; the partition is used to set the reserved gap included at the bottom of the bracket.

[0018] The first aluminum disc includes a first connecting end and a first fixing hole. The first connecting end is located on the side of the first aluminum disc away from the insulating tube, and the first fixing hole is located on the first connecting end.

[0019] Preferably, it further includes a first tightening hole and a second tightening hole;

[0020] The first tightening hole is located on the side of the first aluminum disc away from the insulating tube, and the second tightening hole is located on the side of the second aluminum disc away from the insulating tube.

[0021] This utility model provides an equipotential surge protector, comprising: an insulating tube, which is cylindrical, with threaded inner walls at both ends for connection to a first aluminum disc and a second aluminum disc respectively via the threaded connections; an insulating positioning sleeve for mounting one or more varistor chips, each varistor chip and a first electrode being concentrically mounted within the insulating positioning sleeve; the top of the varistor chip located above the insulating positioning sleeve contacts the lower side of a first spring located above the insulating positioning sleeve; the bottom of the varistor chip located below the insulating positioning sleeve contacts the upper side of a second spring located below the insulating positioning sleeve; a compression spring located above the insulating positioning sleeve, its bottom end being concentrically mounted within a spring diameter positioning ring and contacting the upper side of the first spring, its top end being located within a spring diameter positioning groove included in the first aluminum disc; and a fixed spring. A fixed electrode has its top end located in the first limiting groove of the bracket, below the second spring, and its bottom end located in the second limiting groove of the bracket, above the third spring; a first separating electrode has its first end passing through the first slot of the fixed electrode and contacting the second spring; a second separating electrode has its first end passing through the second slot of the fixed electrode and contacting the third spring; the second ends of the first separating electrode and the second separating electrode are welded together; two arc-shaped circumferential electrodes are concentrically arranged with the bracket and close to the inner wall of the bracket, and the two circumferential electrodes are respectively connected to the first separating electrode and the second separating electrode by tension springs; an indicator electrode is connected to the second separating electrode and includes a circular red end face for moving to below the window of the bracket under the action of the second separating electrode. In this embodiment, the symmetrically fastened bracket cleverly combines a varistor chip, a switch-type discharge tube, and a separation structure. Simultaneously, the limiting grooves at both ends of the bracket not only limit the fixed electrode but also limit the resistor chip, achieving high energy tolerance, high protection level, and indicator / alarm functions. One end of the first tension spring is connected to a ring electrode, and the other end is connected to the separation end of the first separation electrode. The movement of the second tension spring is connected to a ring electrode. When the two ring electrodes separate and lift under the action of the first and second tension springs, the arc-shaped surface of the ring electrode is pressed tightly against the outer arc surface of the symmetrically fastened bracket under a predetermined tension, effectively ensuring the predetermined tension of the tension springs. Meanwhile, the circular red end face of the indicator electrode connected to the second separation electrode is displayed through the window included in the bracket and the circular hole included in the insulating tube, thus achieving the indicator / alarm function. The fixed electrode, the first separation electrode, and the second separation electrode achieve a tight fit under the action of the compression spring and multiple spring plates, avoiding unevenness caused during welding that would affect the contact effect with the resistor chip and discharge tube.The equipotential surge protector provided in this embodiment solves the problem that existing surge protectors, due to limitations in structure and energy tolerance, pose significant difficulties in the effectiveness, installation, and maintenance of equipotential protection for resistance heating elements and protective copper mesh in ice melting systems. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the outer shell structure provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the equipotential surge protector structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the equipotential surge protector provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4A A cross-sectional schematic diagram including the first slot provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4B A schematic diagram of the multiple electrode structures located between the supports provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5A This is a schematic diagram of the second aluminum disk structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 5B A schematic diagram of the first aluminum disk structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 6A A schematic diagram of a bracket including multiple limiting grooves provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6B A schematic diagram of the support structure including the second positioning groove provided in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 6C A schematic diagram of the combined support structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first reed structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] The components include: a first aluminum disc 1, a second aluminum disc 2, an insulating tube 3, a round hole 4, a first fixing hole 5, a second fixing hole 6, a compression spring 7, an insulating positioning sleeve 8, a combination bolt 9, a bracket 10, a first tightening hole 111, a second tightening hole 112, a first spring 121, a second spring 122, a third spring 123, an insulating disc 13, a first electrode 14, a second electrode 15, a first fixed electrode 161, a first slot 161-1, and a second fixed electrode 16. 2. First separating electrode 17, second separating electrode 18, indicator electrode 19, first tension spring 201, second tension spring 202, open discharge tube 21, insulating sleeve 22, varistor chip 23, partition 24, third limiting groove 25, spring diameter positioning groove 26, connecting hole 27, circumferential electrode 28, spring diameter positioning ring 30, first limiting groove 10-1, second limiting groove 10-2, window 10-3, reserved gap 29, second positioning groove 10-4. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the outer shell structure provided for an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the equipotential surge protector structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the equipotential surge protector provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 4A A cross-sectional schematic diagram including the first slot provided for an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 4B A schematic diagram of the multiple electrode structures located between the supports provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 5A This is a schematic diagram of the second aluminum disk structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5B A schematic diagram of the first aluminum disk structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 6A A schematic diagram of a bracket including multiple limiting grooves provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 6B A schematic diagram of the support structure including the second positioning groove provided in the embodiment of this utility model; Figure 6C A schematic diagram of the combined support structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first reed structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; the following is in conjunction with... Figures 1 to 7 Taking this example, we will introduce in detail the equipotential surge protector provided in the embodiments of this utility model.

[0037] The equipotential surge protector provided in this embodiment mainly includes an insulating tube 3, an insulating positioning sleeve 8, a fixed electrode, a first separation electrode 17, a second separation electrode 18, a surrounding electrode 28, an indicator electrode 19, a compression spring 7, a varistor chip 23, an open discharge tube 21, and a bracket 10.

[0038] Specifically, the cylindrical insulating tube 3 has threaded inner walls at both ends, which connect it to the first aluminum disc 1 and the second aluminum disc 2 respectively. In practical applications, the outer wall of the insulating tube 3 is wound with epoxy glass fiber.

[0039] Furthermore, the insulating positioning sleeve 8 is used to house one or more varistor chips 23. The upper varistor chip 23 and a first electrode 14 are concentrically arranged inside the insulating positioning sleeve 8, and the first electrode 14 is in contact with the inner wall of the insulating positioning sleeve 8. Correspondingly, the lower varistor chip 23 and a second electrode 15 are concentrically arranged inside the insulating positioning sleeve 8, and the second electrode 15 is in contact with the inner wall of the insulating positioning sleeve 8. Since multiple varistor chips 23 are arranged inside the insulating positioning sleeve 8, the top of the varistor chip 23 located above the insulating positioning sleeve 8 is in contact with the lower side of the first spring 121 located above the insulating positioning sleeve 8; the bottom of the varistor chip 23 located below the insulating positioning sleeve 8 is in contact with the upper side of the second spring 122 located below the insulating positioning sleeve 8. At the same time, the second electrode 15 located outside the varistor chip 23 located below the insulating positioning sleeve 8 is disposed in the second positioning groove 10-4 included in the bracket 10.

[0040] Furthermore, the compression spring 7 is located above the insulating positioning sleeve 8. The bottom end of the compression spring 7 is concentrically positioned within the spring diameter positioning ring 30, and its bottom end contacts the upper side of the first spring plate 121. The top end of the compression spring 7 is located within the spring diameter positioning groove 26 included in the first aluminum disk 1. The varistor chip 23 is connected to the first aluminum disk 1 through the compression spring 7.

[0041] Further, the fixed electrodes include a first fixed electrode 161 and a second fixed electrode 162. The top end of the first fixed electrode 161 is located within the first limiting groove 10-1 included in the bracket 10 and is located below the second spring 122. The bottom end of the second fixed electrode 162 is located within the second limiting groove 10-2 included in the bracket 10 and is located above the third spring 123. In practical applications, the first end of the first separating electrode 17 passes through the first slot 161-1 included in the first fixed electrode 161 and contacts the lower side of the second spring 122; the first end of the second separating electrode 18 passes through the second slot included in the second fixed electrode 162 and contacts the upper side of the third spring 123. Correspondingly, the second ends of the first separating electrode 17 and the second ends of the second separating electrode 18 are attached to each other and welded together by a low-temperature alloy. The ingenious combination of the first fixed electrode 161, the second fixed electrode 162, the first separating electrode 17, and the second separating electrode 18, under the action of the compression spring 7 and multiple spring sheets, can achieve a tight fit, avoiding unevenness caused during welding, which would affect the contact effect with the resistor chip and the switch-type discharge tube 21.

[0042] Furthermore, two arc-shaped encircling electrodes 28 are concentrically arranged with the support 10 and close to the inner wall of the support 10. In practical applications, the two encircling electrodes 28 are respectively connected to the first separation electrode 17 and the second separation electrode 18 via tension springs; the indicator electrode 19 is connected to the second separation electrode 18, and the circular red end face of the indicator electrode 19 is used to move under the drive of the second separation electrode 18 to below the window 10-3 included in the support 10.

[0043] In this embodiment, since one end of the first tension spring 201 is connected to a circumferential electrode 28 and the other end is connected to the separation end of the first separation electrode 17, the movement of the second tension spring 202 is connected to a circumferential electrode 28 and the other end is connected to the separation end of the second separation electrode 18, and the two circumferential electrodes 28 are concentrically arranged with the bracket 10. When the resistor chip deteriorates or is about to fail, the varistor chip 23 will heat up. When the heat accumulates to a certain level, the first separation electrode 17 and the second separation electrode 18 will separate at the second contact end. The two encircling electrodes 28 will separate and lift up under the action of the first tension spring 201 and the second tension spring 202. Under the predetermined tension, the first tension spring 201 and the second tension spring 202 make the arc surface of the encircling electrode 28 tightly adhere to the outer arc surface of the bracket 10 formed by symmetrical fastening, effectively ensuring the predetermined tension of the tension spring. At the same time, the circular red end face of the indicator electrode 19 connected to the second separation electrode 18 is displayed through the window 10-3 included in the bracket 10 and the circular hole 4 included in the insulating tube 3, thereby realizing the indication and alarm function.

[0044] To fully utilize the energy tolerance of the varistor chip and prevent premature fatigue of the compression spring due to lightning strikes or high temperatures, which could affect conductivity, a braided copper wire is preferably included. One end of the braided copper wire is welded to the center of the first spring 121, and the other end is crimped to an O-type terminal and tightened into the connection hole 27 of the first aluminum disc 1 by a combination bolt 9. The dual current conduction channel, composed of the compression spring and the braided copper wire with a sufficiently large cross-sectional area, can withstand high-energy impacts and prevent single-channel problems, i.e., preventing premature fatigue of the single-channel compression spring due to lightning strikes or high temperatures, which could affect conductivity.

[0045] For example, the equipotential surge protector provided in this embodiment of the present invention also includes a switch-type discharge tube 21; the switch-type discharge tube 21 is concentrically arranged with the third spring 123, the top end of the switch-type discharge tube 21 is in contact with the lower side of the third spring 123, and the bottom end is located in the third limiting groove 25 of the second aluminum disk 2.

[0046] The second aluminum disk 2 includes a second connecting end, a second fixing hole 6, and a partition 24. The second connecting end is located on the side of the second aluminum disk 2 away from the insulating tube 3, and the second fixing hole 6 is located on the second connecting end. The partition 24 is used to set the reserved gap 29 included in the bottom end of the bracket 10, that is, the reserved gap 29 included in the bracket 10 formed by symmetrical fastening. It can achieve a fixing effect through the partition 24 included in the second aluminum disk 2, so that when the second aluminum disk 2 is tightened, the bracket 10 can rotate together, so that the circular red end face of the indicator electrode 19, the window 10-3 formed by the bracket 10 and the circular hole 4 of the insulating tube 3 are collinear, preventing the problem that the circular hole 4 of the insulating tube 3 cannot be effectively indicated. The first aluminum disk 1 includes a first connecting end and a first fixing hole 5. The first connecting end is located on the side of the first aluminum disk 1 away from the insulating tube 3, and the first fixing hole 5 is located on the first connecting end.

[0047] In this embodiment, the symmetrically fastened bracket cleverly combines a pressure-limiting element (such as a varistor chip), a positioning switch-type discharge tube, and a separate structure. Simultaneously, the limiting grooves at both ends of the bracket not only limit the fixed electrical limit but also limit the varistor chip, achieving high energy tolerance, high protection level, and indication and alarm functions. The design of the positioning switch-type discharge tube not only limits its position but also secures the pre-reserved gap in the symmetrically fastened bracket through a partition. This allows the bracket to rotate together when the first and second aluminum discs are tightened, ensuring that the circular red end face of the indicator electrode, the window formed by the bracket assembly, and the circular hole of the insulating tube are collinear, preventing the observation hole of the insulating tube from failing to provide effective indication.

[0048] For example, the equipotential surge protector provided in this embodiment of the present invention further includes a first tightening hole 111 and a second tightening hole 112; the first tightening hole 111 is located on the side of the first aluminum disc 1 away from the insulating tube 3, and the second tightening hole 112 is located on the side of the second aluminum disc 2 away from the insulating tube 3. In practical applications, the first aluminum disc 1 can be tightened to one side of the insulating tube 3 using a fixture through the first tightening hole 111 located at its upper end; correspondingly, the second aluminum disc 2 can also be tightened to one side of the insulating tube 3 using a fixture through the second tightening hole 112 located at its upper end. The provision of the first and second tightening holes prevents the first aluminum disc, the second aluminum disc, and the insulating tube from being unable to be effectively tightened, thus avoiding affecting the formation of the entire conductive channel and ensuring the function of the equipotential surge protector.

[0049] In this embodiment, by setting a first tightening hole and a second tightening hole on the first aluminum disk and the second aluminum disk respectively, a special jig can be inserted into the first tightening hole on the first aluminum disk to tighten, or a special jig can be inserted into the second tightening hole on the second aluminum disk to tighten. This avoids the first aluminum disk, the second aluminum disk and the epoxy glass fiber entangled insulating tube not being able to be effectively tightened, which would affect the formation of the entire conductive channel and prevent the equipotential surge protector from functioning.

[0050] In summary, this utility model embodiment provides an equipotential surge protector. The symmetrically fastened bracket cleverly combines a varistor chip, a switch-type discharge tube, and a separation structure. Simultaneously, the limiting grooves at both ends of the bracket not only limit the fixed electrical limit but also limit the resistor chip, achieving high energy tolerance, high protection level, and indication and alarm functions. One end of the first tension spring is connected to a ring electrode, and the other end is connected to the separation end of the first separation electrode. The movement of the second tension spring is connected to a ring electrode. When the two ring electrodes are acted upon by the first and second tension springs, they will separate. The first and second tension springs, under a predetermined tension, ensure that the arc-shaped surface of the encircling electrode is tightly pressed against the outer arc surface of the symmetrically fastened bracket, effectively guaranteeing the predetermined tension of the tension springs. Simultaneously, the circular red end face of the indicator electrode connected to the second separation electrode is displayed through the window included in the bracket and the circular hole included in the insulating tube, thus realizing the indication and alarm function. The fixed electrode, the first separation electrode, and the second separation electrode achieve a tight fit under the action of the compression spring and multiple spring plates, avoiding unevenness generated during welding, which would affect the contact effect with the resistor chip and the discharge tube. The equipotential surge protector provided in this embodiment solves the problem that existing surge protectors, due to limitations in structure and energy tolerance, pose significant difficulties in the effectiveness, installation, and maintenance of equipotential protection for resistance heating elements and protective copper mesh in de-icing systems.

Claims

1. An equipotential surge protector, characterized in that, include: An insulating tube, which is cylindrical, has threaded sleeves on the inner walls of both ends for connecting to the first aluminum disc and the second aluminum disc respectively through the threaded sleeves; An insulating positioning sleeve is used to mount one or more varistor chips, each of the varistor chips and a first electrode being concentrically mounted within the insulating positioning sleeve; the top of the varistor chip located above the insulating positioning sleeve contacts the lower side of a first spring located above the insulating positioning sleeve; the bottom of the varistor chip located below the insulating positioning sleeve contacts the upper side of a second spring located below the insulating positioning sleeve. A compression spring is located above the insulating positioning sleeve. Its bottom end is concentrically arranged with the insulating positioning sleeve inside the spring diameter positioning ring and in contact with the upper side of the first spring plate. Its top end is located inside the spring diameter positioning groove included in the first aluminum disc. The fixed electrode has its top end located in the first limiting groove of the bracket, below the second spring, and its bottom end located in the second limiting groove of the bracket, above the third spring. The first separating electrode has its first end passing through the first slot included in the fixed electrode and contacting the second spring sheet; The second separating electrode has its first end passing through the second slot included in the fixed electrode and contacting the third spring; the second ends of the first separating electrode and the second separating electrode are welded together. Two arc-shaped circumferential electrodes are concentrically arranged with the support and close to the inner wall of the support. The two circumferential electrodes are respectively connected to the first separation electrode and the second separation electrode by a tension spring. An indicator electrode, which is connected to the second separation electrode, includes a circular red end face for moving under the influence of the second separation electrode to a position below the window included in the bracket.

2. The equipotential surge protector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, This also includes braiding copper wire; It is located at the center of the first spring and connected to the first spring. The second end of the braided copper wire is tightened with the O-type terminal in the connecting hole of the first aluminum disc by a combined spiral.

3. The equipotential surge protector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes switch-type discharge tubes; It is concentrically arranged with the third spring, with its top end in contact with the lower side of the third spring and its bottom end located in the third limiting groove of the second aluminum disk.

4. The equipotential surge protector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second aluminum disc includes a second connecting end, a second fixing hole, and a partition; The second connecting end is located on the side of the second aluminum disc away from the insulating tube, and the second fixing hole is located on the second connecting end; the partition is used to set the reserved gap included at the bottom of the bracket; The first aluminum disc includes a first connecting end and a first fixing hole. The first connecting end is located on the side of the first aluminum disc away from the insulating tube, and the first fixing hole is located on the first connecting end.

5. The equipotential surge protector as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first tightening hole and a second tightening hole; The first tightening hole is located on the side of the first aluminum disc away from the insulating tube, and the second tightening hole is located on the side of the second aluminum disc away from the insulating tube.

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