Vertical tube external falling film distributor for melt crystallization
By using the film distributor and refrigerant film distribution structure of the vertical tube external falling film distributor, the problems of low refrigerant flow rate and low heat transfer efficiency are solved, achieving efficient refrigerant coating and heat exchange effects, and reducing the processing difficulty.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520434860.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing vertical melting crystallization technology suffers from problems such as low refrigerant flow rate, low heat transfer coefficient, inability to adjust flow rate, and easy failure at high temperatures.
A vertical tube external falling film distributor is adopted, which forms a refrigerant film through the film distributor and refrigerant film distribution structure. Combined with the overflow structure to control the flow rate, and the flow guiding component is used to improve the refrigerant coating effect and enhance the heat exchange efficiency.
It improves the fluidity and heat transfer effect of the refrigerant, enhances the coating effect of the refrigerant on the crystallizer tube, reduces the processing difficulty, and ensures processing accuracy and heat exchange efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223887454U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of melt crystallization technology, specifically relates to a vertical tube outer falling film distributor for melt crystallization. BACKGROUND
[0002] The vertical melt crystallization technology is that the material in melt state flows in the tube, the outside of the tube is the coolant, the heat of the material in the tube is taken away by the coolant, the material after cooling is close to the melting point, the crystal is separated in the tube, and the separation of materials with different melting points is realized. The existing vertical melt crystallization technology includes the following modes: full flow non-film flow outside the tube, fixed gap ring gap film distribution, elastic film distribution with adjustable film thickness, which can be applied to the tube outer film distribution of melt crystallization. The non-film flow is completely immersed in the coolant outside the tube, the shell space is large, the coolant flow rate is small, and the heat transfer coefficient is low. The ring gap film distribution mode has fixed ring gap spacing and fixed film thickness, cannot adjust the flow, and cannot handle a large number of conditions. The elastic film distribution mode can only be applied to low-temperature working conditions, and the elastic material is prone to deformation at high temperature, resulting in failure. SUMMARY
[0003] The utility model discloses a vertical tube outer falling film distributor for melt crystallization.
[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model discloses the following technical scheme: a vertical tube outer falling film distributor for melt crystallization, including the crystallizer that has the material import in the upper end and has the material export in the lower end, the crystallizer is equipped with the crystallization pipe group that has a plurality of crystallization pipes, at least one coolant import and at least one coolant export are equipped on the circumferential outside of the crystallizer, the crystallizer has the coolant cavity that is linked with the coolant import and the coolant export and is corresponding with the crystallization pipe group, at least one membrane distributor that can divide the coolant cavity into a plurality of independent chambers is equipped in the crystallizer, the membrane distributor has a plurality of membrane weirs that are equipped on the crystallization pipe, the membrane weir and the crystallization pipe have the coolant film distribution structure that can link two adjacent chambers, and the circumferential outside of the membrane distributor under the lower side of the uppermost chamber is equipped with the overflow structure, the membrane weir and the coolant film distribution structure can make the coolant form the heat transfer film on the crystallization pipe and flow downward under the action of gravity, improve the heat exchange effect, and the overflow structure can control the flow rate of the coolant, and the processing precision can be guaranteed.
[0005] In the vertical outer falling film distributor for melt crystallization, the upper end of the crystallization tube group is provided with a material upper chamber communicated with the material inlet, the lower end of the crystallization tube group is provided with a material lower chamber communicated with the material outlet, the refrigerant chamber is located between the material upper chamber and the material lower chamber and is independently arranged with the material upper chamber and the material lower chamber, the material upper chamber and the material lower chamber are communicated through the crystallization tube, the material upper chamber can store the material entering through the material inlet and transport the material to the crystallization tube group, and the material lower chamber can store the heat-exchanged material and discharge the material through the material outlet.
[0006] In the vertical outer falling film distributor for melt crystallization, the crystallization tube group includes the crystallization tube upper fixed plate and the crystallization tube lower fixed plate which are arranged in parallel and correspond to each other and match the inner side of the crystallizer in the circumferential direction, the material upper chamber is formed on the side of the crystallization tube upper fixed plate away from the crystallization tube lower fixed plate, the material lower chamber is formed on the side of the crystallization tube lower fixed plate away from the crystallization tube upper fixed plate, the refrigerant chamber is formed between the crystallization tube upper fixed plate and the crystallization tube lower fixed plate, and the crystallization tube is vertically arranged between the crystallization tube upper fixed plate and the crystallization tube lower fixed plate, the circumferential outer side of the crystallization tube upper fixed plate is sealingly connected with the crystallizer to ensure the isolation effect between the material upper chamber and the refrigerant chamber, the circumferential outer side of the crystallization tube lower fixed plate is sealingly connected with the crystallizer to ensure the isolation effect between the material lower chamber and the refrigerant chamber, and the crystallization tube upper fixed plate and the crystallization tube lower fixed plate can improve the refrigerant heat exchange effect.
[0007] In the vertical outer falling film distributor for melt crystallization, the number of the film distributors is at least two and they are sequentially arranged in the refrigerant chamber from top to bottom, the overflow structure and the refrigerant inlet are arranged on the circumferential outer side of the uppermost film distributor, the uppermost film distributor can facilitate the refrigerant to flow on the crystallization tube through the refrigerant inlet and the overflow structure, and the lower film distributors can guide the refrigerant downward to ensure the film forming effect of the refrigerant on the crystallization tube and improve the heat exchange effect of the material in the crystallization tube.
[0008] In the vertical outer falling film distributor for melt crystallization, the overflow structure includes an overflow ring arranged on the circumferential outer side of the uppermost film distributor, the refrigerant inlet is located on the circumferential outer side of the overflow ring, the height of the overflow ring is not less than the height of the refrigerant inlet, the overflow ring is located on the circumferential periphery of each crystallization tube and the film distributor weir, and the height of the overflow ring is less than the height of the film distributor weir of the uppermost film distributor, the refrigerant needs to flow into the film distributor weir through the overflow ring after flowing into the refrigerant inlet, and the overflow ring can control the flow rate of the refrigerant to effectively reduce the circulation flow of the refrigerant and ensure the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant.
[0009] In the vertical pipe outside falling film distributor for melt crystallization, the film distributor includes a film distributor fixing plate, the film distributor fixing plate is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for the crystallization pipes to pass through, the film distributor weirs are arranged on the upper ends of the mounting holes and have the same height, the overflow rings are arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the film distributor fixing plate, and the outer side of the film distributor fixing plate is sealingly connected with the crystallizer, so that the leakage of the refrigerant can be prevented and the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant is affected, the overflow rings can be conveniently installed through the film distributor fixing plate, the crystallization pipes can be conveniently positioned and installed through the mounting holes, and the installation efficiency of the crystallization pipes is improved.
[0010] In the vertical pipe outside falling film distributor for melt crystallization, the film distributor fixing plates of the film distributors are arranged in parallel from top to bottom, so that the refrigerant cavity is divided into a plurality of independent chambers, and the outer side of the film distributor fixing plate is matched with the inner side of the crystallizer in the circumferential direction, so that the refrigerant can enter the independent chambers to exchange heat with the crystallization pipes in the chambers, the heat exchange efficiency of the refrigerant in the crystallization pipes is ensured, and the heat exchange effect is ensured.
[0011] In the vertical pipe outside falling film distributor for melt crystallization, the refrigerant film distribution structure includes a plurality of distribution holes arranged on the bottoms of the film distributor weirs in the circumferential direction, annular grooves are formed between the inner side of the mounting holes and the outer side of the crystallization pipes in the circumferential direction, and annular gaps are formed between the inner side of the film distributor weirs and the outer side of the crystallization pipes in the circumferential direction, the annular grooves are connected with the mounting holes, the lower end of the film distributor is provided with a flow guide assembly corresponding to the annular grooves, the refrigerant can enter the annular grooves to form a film on the outer wall of the crystallization pipes through the distribution holes, the refrigerant slides downward under the action of gravity, the flow of the refrigerant is buffered and guided downward through the flow guide assembly, the film forming effect of the refrigerant on the crystallization pipes is ensured, and the heat transfer effect of the refrigerant is ensured.
[0012] In the vertical pipe outside falling film distributor for melt crystallization, the flow guide assembly includes a plurality of liquid collecting cups arranged on the lower end of the film distributor fixing plate and corresponding to the annular grooves, the liquid collecting cups are sleeved on the crystallization pipes and have a tapered cylinder portion and a straight cylinder portion arranged in the up-down direction, the tapered cylinder portion has a large upper end and a small lower end and a flow guide slope on the inner side in the circumferential direction, the upper end of the tapered cylinder portion is connected with the annular groove, and the lower end is connected with a flow guide gap between the straight cylinder portion and the crystallization pipe, the flow of the refrigerant is guided through the flow guide slope of the tapered cylinder portion, the refrigerant can only flow downward through the flow guide gap through the straight cylinder portion, the film forming effect of the refrigerant on the crystallization pipes is ensured, and the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant on the material is improved.
[0013] In the vertical pipe outside falling film distributor for melt crystallization, the number of the refrigerant inlets is one and the refrigerant inlets are arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the crystallizer, the number of the refrigerant outlets is one and the refrigerant outlets are arranged on the outer side of the lower part of the crystallizer; or the number of the refrigerant inlets is several and the refrigerant inlets are evenly arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the crystallizer, so that users can select the crystallizer with different number of refrigerant inlets according to the use demand, the refrigerant can be controlled conveniently, and the heat exchange efficiency of the material in the crystallization pipe is improved.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the vertical pipe outside falling film distributor for melt crystallization has the advantages that:
[0015] 1. The pipe outside falling film mode can improve the flowability of the refrigerant, improve the flow rate, improve the heat transfer effect, and reduce the processing difficulty.
[0016] 2. The refrigerant film distribution structure and the overflow structure can facilitate the user to control the flow rate of the refrigerant, and can ensure the film covering effect of the refrigerant on the crystallization pipe and ensure the heat exchange effect.
[0017] 3. The flow guide assembly can effectively prevent the refrigerant from splashing, improve the film covering effect of the refrigerant on the crystallization pipe, and improve the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the utility model.
[0019] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the membrane distributor in the utility model.
[0020] Figure 3 is a structural sectional view of the membrane distributor in the utility model.
[0021] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the flow guide assembly in the utility model.
[0022] In the drawing: the crystallizer 1, the material inlet 11, the material outlet 12, the refrigerant inlet 13, the refrigerant outlet 14, the refrigerant cavity 15, the cavity 16, the crystallization pipe group 2, the crystallization pipe 21, the material upper cavity 22, the material lower cavity 23, the crystallization pipe upper fixed plate 24, the crystallization pipe lower fixed plate 25, the membrane distributor 3, the membrane distributor weir 31, the membrane distributor fixed plate 32, the mounting hole 33, the refrigerant film distribution structure 4, the distribution hole 41, the annular groove 42, the annular gap 43, the overflow structure 5, the overflow ring 51, the flow guide assembly 6, the liquid collecting cup 61, the tapered cylinder part 62, the straight cylinder part 63, the flow guide inclined surface 64, and the flow guide gap 65. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
[0023] The utility model will be explained in further detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0024] AsFigure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the vertical tube outside falling film distributor for melt crystallization comprises a crystallizer 1 with a material inlet 11 at the upper end and a material outlet 12 at the lower end, a crystallization tube group 2 with a plurality of crystallization tubes 21 is arranged in the crystallizer 1, the material can pass through the crystallization tube group 2 and be arranged in the crystallization tube 21 through the material inlet 11, and the material in the crystallization tube 21 can be discharged through the material outlet 12, at least one refrigerant inlet 13 and at least one refrigerant outlet 14 are arranged outside the crystallizer 1 in the circumferential direction, wherein the number of refrigerant inlets 13 can be 1-10 according to the requirement, to ensure the heat transfer effect of the refrigerant, the crystallizer 1 has a refrigerant cavity 15 which is in communication with the refrigerant inlet 13 and the refrigerant outlet 14 and corresponds to the crystallization tube group 2, the refrigerant can enter the refrigerant cavity 15 to exchange heat with the crystallization tube group 2 through the refrigerant inlet 13, and the refrigerant after heat exchange can be discharged through the refrigerant outlet 14, to ensure the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant, at least one film distributor 3 which can separate the refrigerant cavity 15 into a plurality of independent chambers 16 is arranged in the crystallizer 1, to make the refrigerant exchange heat with each crystallization tube 21 through the chamber 16, improve the heat exchange efficiency of the refrigerant, and ensure the heat exchange effect of the material in the crystallization tube 21, the film distributor 3 has a plurality of film distribution weirs 31 arranged on the crystallization tube 21, the film distribution weir 31 and the crystallization tube 21 have a refrigerant film distribution structure 4 which can connect the adjacent two chambers 16, and the circumferential outer side of the film distributor 3 at the lower side of the uppermost chamber 16 is provided with an overflow structure 5, the refrigerant can form a heat transfer film on the crystallization tube 21 through the film distribution weir 31 and the refrigerant film distribution structure 4 and flow downward under the action of gravity, to improve the heat exchange effect, and the flow rate of the refrigerant can be controlled through the overflow structure 5, to ensure the processing precision.
[0025] Specifically, the crystallization tube group 2 has a material upper cavity 22 at the upper end which is in communication with the material inlet 11, the crystallization tube group 2 has a material lower cavity 23 at the lower end which is in communication with the material outlet 12, the refrigerant cavity 15 is located between the material upper cavity 22 and the material lower cavity 23 and is arranged independently from the material upper cavity 22 and the material lower cavity 23, the material upper cavity 22 and the material lower cavity 23 are connected through the crystallization tube 21, the material inlet 11 can be used to store the material and the material upper cavity 22 can be used to transport the material to the crystallization tube group 2, and the material lower cavity 23 can be used to store the material after heat exchange, and the material can be discharged through the material outlet 12.
[0026] The crystallization tube group 2 comprises a crystallization tube upper fixed plate 24 and a crystallization tube lower fixed plate 25 which are arranged in parallel correspondence and match the inner side of the crystallizer 1 in the circumferential direction, the material upper cavity 22 is formed on the side of the crystallization tube upper fixed plate 24 away from the crystallization tube lower fixed plate 25, the material lower cavity 23 is formed on the side of the crystallization tube lower fixed plate 25 away from the crystallization tube upper fixed plate 24, the refrigerant cavity 15 is formed between the crystallization tube upper fixed plate 24 and the crystallization tube lower fixed plate 25, and the crystallization tubes 21 are vertically arranged between the crystallization tube upper fixed plate 24 and the crystallization tube lower fixed plate 25, respectively, the circumferential outer side of the crystallization tube upper fixed plate 24 is sealingly connected with the crystallizer 1, which can ensure the isolation effect between the material upper cavity 22 and the refrigerant cavity 15, and the circumferential outer side of the crystallization tube lower fixed plate 25 is sealingly connected with the crystallizer 1, which can ensure the isolation effect between the material lower cavity 22 and the refrigerant cavity 15, and the refrigerant heat exchange effect can be improved through the crystallization tube upper fixed plate 24 and the crystallization tube lower fixed plate 25.
[0027] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , the number of the film distributors 3 is at least two and they are sequentially arranged in the refrigerant cavity 15 from top to bottom, the overflow structure 5 and the refrigerant inlet 13 are arranged on the circumferential outer side of the uppermost film distributor 3, the refrigerant can flow on the crystallization tubes 21 through the refrigerant inlet 13 and the overflow structure 5 through the upper film distributor 3, and the refrigerant can be downwardly guided through the lower film distributors 3, which can ensure the film forming effect of the refrigerant on the crystallization tubes 21 and improve the heat exchange effect of the material in the crystallization tubes 21.
[0028] Further, the overflow structure 5 comprises an overflow ring 51 which is annular and arranged on the circumferential outer side of the uppermost film distributor 3, the refrigerant inlet 13 is located on the circumferential outer side of the overflow ring 51 and the height of the overflow ring 51 is not less than the height of the refrigerant inlet 13, the overflow ring 51 is located on the circumferential periphery of each crystallization tube 21 and the film distributor weir 31, and the height of the overflow ring 51 is less than the height of the film distributor weir 31 of the uppermost film distributor 3, the refrigerant needs to flow into the film distributor weir 31 through the overflow ring 51 after flowing into the refrigerant inlet 13, and the flow rate of the refrigerant can be controlled through the overflow ring 51, which can automatically adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant with the rising of the liquid level of the refrigerant, effectively reduce the circulation flow of the refrigerant, and ensure the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant.
[0029] The film distributor 3 comprises a film distributor fixing plate 32. The material of the film distributor 3 is non-elastic material, and different metal materials can be selected according to different processing materials. The film distributor 3 can process various material systems with a melting point of -50-300 DEG C. The film distributor fixing plate 32 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 33 through which the crystallization tubes 21 pass. The film distributor weirs 31 are arranged on the upper ends of the mounting holes 33, and the overflow rings 51 are arranged on the outer sides of the upper ends of the film distributor fixing plate 32. The outer sides of the film distributor fixing plate 32 are sealingly connected to the inner sides of the crystallizer 1, so that the leakage of the refrigerant can be prevented, the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant is affected, the film distributor fixing plate 32 can facilitate the installation of the overflow ring 51, the mounting holes 33 can facilitate the positioning and installation of the crystallization tubes 21, and the installation efficiency of the crystallization tubes 21 is improved.
[0030] In combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the film distributor fixing plates 32 of the film distributors 3 are arranged in parallel from top to bottom, so that the refrigerant cavity 15 is divided into a plurality of independent chambers 16. The outer sides of the film distributor fixing plates 32 match the inner sides of the crystallizer 1. The independent chambers 16 can make the refrigerant enter the chambers 16 to exchange heat with the crystallization tubes 21 in the chambers 16, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the refrigerant in the crystallization tubes 21 is ensured, and the heat exchange effect is ensured.
[0031] The refrigerant film distribution structure 4 comprises a plurality of distribution holes 41 arranged on the bottoms of the film distributor weirs 31. The distribution holes 41 are 3-20 in number. The annular grooves 42 are formed between the inner sides of the mounting holes 33 and the outer sides of the crystallization tubes 21, and the annular gaps 43 are formed between the inner sides of the film distributor weirs 31 and the outer sides of the crystallization tubes 21. The annular gaps 43 can prevent the refrigerant from splashing, and ensure the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant. The annular grooves 42 are in communication with the mounting holes 33. The distance between the annular grooves 42 and the outer walls of the crystallization tubes 21 is 5-50 mm. The film distributor 3 is provided with the flow guide assembly 6 corresponding to the annular grooves 42. The refrigerant can enter the annular grooves 42 through the distribution holes 41 to coat the outer walls of the crystallization tubes 21. The refrigerant slides downward under the action of gravity. The flow guide assembly 6 can buffer and guide the refrigerant downward, so that the coating effect of the refrigerant on the crystallization tubes 21 is ensured, and the heat transfer effect of the refrigerant is ensured.
[0032] Specifically, the flow guide assembly 6 comprises a plurality of liquid collecting cups 61 arranged at the lower end of the film distributor fixing plate 32 and corresponding to the annular grooves 42 respectively, the liquid collecting cups 61 can limit and guide the refrigerant, prevent the refrigerant from splashing, ensure the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant on the crystallization tube 21, the liquid collecting cup 61 is sleeved on each crystallization tube 21 and has a tapered cylinder portion 62 and a straight cylinder portion 63 arranged in an upper-lower manner, the tapered cylinder portion 62 has a flow guide slope 64 on the circumferential inner side and is in an upper-large-lower-small structure, the upper end of the tapered cylinder portion 62 is communicated with the annular groove 42 and the lower end is communicated with a flow guide gap 65 between the straight cylinder portion 63 and the crystallization tube 21, the flow guide slope 64 of the tapered cylinder portion 62 can guide the refrigerant, the straight cylinder portion 63 can make the refrigerant flow downward through the flow guide gap 65 only, ensure the film coating effect of the refrigerant on the crystallization tube 21, and improve the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant on the material.
[0033] In combination Figure 1 As shown in the drawings, the number of the refrigerant inlets 13 is one and arranged on the outer side of the upper part of the crystallizer 1, the number of the refrigerant outlets 14 is one and arranged on the outer side of the lower part of the crystallizer 1, or the number of the refrigerant inlets 13 is a plurality and uniformly distributed on the circumferential outer side of the upper part of the crystallizer 1, the user can select the crystallizer 1 with different numbers of refrigerant inlets 13 according to the use demand, which can facilitate the user to control the refrigerant and improve the heat exchange efficiency of the material in the crystallization tube 21.
[0034] The principle of the embodiment is that the material is arranged in the material upper cavity 22 through the material inlet 11 and introduced into the crystallization tube 21 through the crystallization tube upper fixing plate 24, the refrigerant is introduced into the refrigerant cavity 15 through the refrigerant inlet 13, the refrigerant is arranged on the outer wall of the crystallization tube 21 to exchange heat through the overflow structure 5 and the refrigerant film-shaped distribution structure 4, the refrigerant flows downward to exchange heat under the action of gravity and the film coating effect of the refrigerant on the crystallization tube 21 is ensured through the flow guide assembly 6, the heat exchange effect of the refrigerant is ensured, the refrigerant after heat exchange is discharged through the refrigerant outlet 14, and the material after heat exchange is discharged through the material lower cavity 23 and the material outlet 12.
[0035] The specific embodiments described herein merely exemplify the spirit of the present application. Those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or replace them with similar ways, without departing from the spirit of the present application or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.
[0036] Although the terms crystallizer 1, material inlet 11, material outlet 12, refrigerant inlet 13, refrigerant outlet 14, refrigerant cavity 15, cavity 16, crystallization tube set 2, crystallization tube 21, upper material cavity 22, lower material cavity 23, crystallization tube upper fixing plate 24, crystallization tube lower fixing plate 25, film distributor 3, film distribution weir 31, film distributor fixing plate 32, mounting hole 33, refrigerant film distribution structure 4, distribution hole 41, annular groove 42, annular gap 43, overflow structure 5, overflow ring 51, flow guide assembly 6, liquid collecting cup 61, tapered cylinder portion 62, straight cylinder portion 63, flow guide slope 64, flow guide gap 65, etc. are used more frequently in this document, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is only for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of the present utility model; any kind of additional limitation by interpreting them is contrary to the spirit of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A vertical tube external falling film distributor for melt crystallization, comprising a crystallizer (1) having a material inlet (11) at the upper end and a material outlet (12) at the lower end, wherein the crystallizer (1) is provided with a crystallizer tube group (2) having a plurality of crystallizer tubes (21), and at least one refrigerant inlet (13) and at least one refrigerant outlet (14) are provided on the outer periphery of the crystallizer (1), wherein the crystallizer (1) has a refrigerant cavity (15) communicating with the refrigerant inlet (13) and the refrigerant outlet (14) and corresponding to the crystallizer tube group (2), characterized in that, The crystallizer (1) is provided with at least one film distributor (3) that can divide the refrigerant chamber (15) into several independent chambers (16). The film distributor (3) has several film weirs (31) sleeved on the crystallizer tube (21). There is a refrigerant film distribution structure (4) between the film weir (31) and the crystallizer tube (21) that can connect two adjacent chambers (16). The film distributor (3) located on the lower side of the uppermost chamber (16) is provided with an overflow structure (5) on the outer circumference.
2. The vertical tube external falling film distributor for melt crystallization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crystallizer assembly (2) has an upper material chamber (22) at the upper end that is connected to the material inlet (11), and a lower material chamber (23) at the lower end that is connected to the material outlet (12). The refrigerant chamber (15) is located between the upper material chamber (22) and the lower material chamber (23) and is independently set to the upper material chamber (22) and the lower material chamber (23) respectively. The upper material chamber (22) and the lower material chamber (23) are connected to each other through the crystallizer (21).
3. A vertical tube external falling film distributor for melt crystallization according to claim 2, characterized in that, The crystallizer assembly (2) includes an upper fixing plate (24) and a lower fixing plate (25) that are arranged in parallel and correspond to each other and match the inner circumference of the crystallizer (1). The upper material cavity (22) is formed on the side of the upper fixing plate (24) away from the lower fixing plate (25), and the lower material cavity (23) is formed on the side of the lower fixing plate (25) away from the upper fixing plate (24). The refrigerant cavity (15) is formed between the upper fixing plate (24) and the lower fixing plate (25), and the crystallizers (21) are respectively vertically arranged between the upper fixing plate (24) and the lower fixing plate (25).
4. A vertical tube external falling film distributor for melt crystallization according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The number of the film distributors (3) is at least two and they are arranged sequentially from top to bottom in the refrigerant cavity (15). The overflow structure (5) and the refrigerant inlet (13) are respectively arranged on the outer side of the uppermost film distributor (3).
5. A vertical tube external falling film distributor for melt crystallization according to claim 4, characterized in that, The overflow structure (5) includes an annular overflow ring (51) located on the outer periphery of the uppermost membrane distributor (3). The refrigerant inlet (13) is located on the outer periphery of the overflow ring (51) and the height of the overflow ring (51) is not less than the height of the refrigerant inlet (13). The overflow ring (51) is located on the outer periphery of each crystallizer (21) and the membrane weir (31), and the height of the overflow ring (51) is less than the height of the membrane weir (31) of the uppermost membrane distributor (3).
6. A vertical tube external falling film distributor for melt crystallization according to claim 5, characterized in that, The membrane distribution device (3) includes a membrane distribution device fixing plate (32), which has several mounting holes (33) for crystallization tubes (21) to pass through. The membrane distribution weirs (31) are of equal height and are respectively set at the upper end of each mounting hole (33). The overflow ring (51) is set on the outer circumferential side of the upper end of the membrane distribution device fixing plate (32).
7. A vertical tube external falling film distributor for melt crystallization according to claim 6, characterized in that, The film distribution plate (32) of each film distribution device (3) is arranged parallel to each other from top to bottom, thereby dividing the refrigerant chamber (15) into several independent chambers (16), and the outer side of the film distribution plate (32) matches the inner side of the crystallizer (1).
8. A vertical tube external falling film distributor for melt crystallization according to claim 6, characterized in that, The refrigerant film distribution structure (4) includes several distribution holes (41) arranged circumferentially at the bottom of each film weir (31). An annular groove (42) is formed between the inner circumferential side of the mounting hole (33) and the outer circumferential side of the crystallizer (21). An annular gap (43) is respectively between the inner circumferential side of the film weir (31) and the outer circumferential side of the crystallizer (21). The annular groove (42) is connected to the mounting hole (33). The lower end of the film distributor (3) is provided with a flow guiding component (6) corresponding to the annular groove (42).
9. A vertical tube external falling film distributor for melt crystallization according to claim 8, characterized in that, The flow guiding component (6) includes several collection cups (61) disposed at the lower end of the film distributor fixing plate (32) and respectively opposite to each annular groove (42). The collection cups (61) are sleeved on each crystallizing tube (21) and have a conical cylindrical part (62) and a straight cylindrical part (63) disposed vertically. The conical cylindrical part (62) has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom and has a flow guiding slope (64) on the inner side of the circumference. The upper end of the conical cylindrical part (62) is connected to the annular groove (42) and the lower end is connected to the flow guiding gap (65) located between the straight cylindrical part (63) and the crystallizing tube (21).
10. A vertical tube external falling film distributor for melt crystallization according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of refrigerant inlets (13) is one and is located on the upper outer side of the crystallizer (1), and the number of refrigerant outlets (14) is one and is located on the lower outer side of the crystallizer (1); or, the number of refrigerant inlets (13) is several and is evenly distributed on the upper circumferential outer side of the crystallizer (1).