Device for adsorbing and percolating runoff pollution on surface of asphalt pavement

Abstract

The utility model provides a device for adsorbing and percolating runoff pollution on the surface of an asphalt pavement, which comprises a water storage component, a flow control component connected to the lower part of the water storage component, a permeable test piece component arranged at the lower part of the flow control component and comprising a permeable test piece bin, and a positioning nut arranged at the lower part of the inner side of the permeable test piece bin, supporting prismatic tables are mounted on the positioning nuts, glass grids are placed on the supporting prismatic tables, asphalt test pieces are placed on the upper portions of the glass grids, adsorption and percolation materials are placed on the upper portions of the asphalt test pieces, and a collecting assembly is connected to the lower portion of the permeable test piece bin. The permeable test piece assembly is used for installing the adsorption and infiltration material and the asphalt test piece, so that pollutants in a water sample are adsorbed and infiltrated, and the adsorption and infiltration conditions of the asphalt test piece are compared to obtain the influence of the adsorbed and infiltrated water sample on the asphalt pavement; the method serves as a basis for a runoff pollution purification and circulation mechanism of the arterial highway asphalt pavement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of adsorption and filtration technology of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement, specifically relating to a device for adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement. Background Technology

[0002] Road surface pollutants, generated frequently and in diverse forms due to vehicle operation, traffic facility maintenance, and leaks from highway accidents, have a severe and complex impact on the natural ecological environment along highways, the service function of asphalt pavements, and especially the water resources environment. The heavy traffic not only causes various defects in the asphalt pavements of trunk highways but also allows road surface runoff pollution to penetrate deep into the pavement, damaging the road surface and causing water pollution and ecological degradation along the route. Currently, road surface runoff pollution has become the second largest non-point source pollution. The main sources of pollution in road surface runoff are exhaust fumes from motor vehicles traveling on the road, gasoline and diesel fuel leaks, cargo leaks, tire wear, and wear on pavement materials. In addition, oil and gas, slag, and soot pollution from the energy and chemical industries in the region are also representative major pollutants. These road surface pollutants settle and adhere to the road surface in sunny weather and are washed into nearby rivers, lakes, or groundwater systems by rainwater runoff in rainy weather, seriously affecting the ecological environment around trunk highways.

[0003] There are various methods for controlling runoff pollution on asphalt pavements, mainly including infiltration media control, biological control, grouting for leak prevention, permeable pavement, and green ecological control. Infiltration media control uses a combination of different purification materials to filter various pollutants (suspended particles, heavy metals, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, etc.). Biological control uses bioretention ponds to centrally treat stormwater runoff pollutants. Grouting for leak prevention involves reinforcing aquifer fissures in areas with high runoff by grouting to create a waterproof layer. Permeable pavement uses optimized drainage components that intercept, infiltrate, divert, regulate, and transport runoff. Green ecological control involves constructing ecological slopes, ecological ditches, special vegetation, and artificial wetlands to control runoff at its source.

[0004] Pollutants in road surface runoff mainly include solid matter, heavy metals, chlorides, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P). Solid matter is divided into dissolved and suspended solids (SS), with SS being the most significant pollutant in road surface runoff. Other pollutants, such as toxic PAHs and heavy metals, are mostly adhering to the surface. Zn (zinc) and Pb (phosphorus) are present in the largest quantities in road surface sediments; Zn mainly comes from tire wear, while Pb mainly comes from vehicle exhaust emissions. Chlorides mainly come from de-icing salts, while nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) mainly come from atmospheric dustfall during sunny or rainy days, as well as from maintenance work such as fertilization of roadside vegetation.

[0005] The pollution damage to asphalt pavement and the threat to groundwater circulation components posed by the infiltration and accumulation of rainwater runoff pollutants such as solids, heavy metals, chlorides, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the structural layers of asphalt pavement cannot be ignored. However, existing research on the infiltration and adsorption mechanisms of heavy metals in the structural layers is limited. The evaluation of the purification mechanism of asphalt pavement for runoff pollution and the purification effect of infiltration technology requires high-level experimental equipment, which greatly limits the green application research of asphalt pavement in the natural ecological environment along asphalt roads and the service functions of asphalt pavement.

[0006] Therefore, a device is needed for the adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution on asphalt pavements. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a device for adsorbing and filtering surface runoff pollution on asphalt pavements. This device uses a permeable specimen assembly to install adsorption and filtration materials and asphalt specimens, thereby adsorbing and filtering pollutants in water samples. By comparing the adsorption and filtration results of the asphalt specimens, the impact of the adsorbed and filtered water samples on the asphalt pavement can be obtained, serving as a basis for the purification and circulation mechanism of runoff pollution on trunk highway asphalt pavements.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a device for adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement, characterized in that the device includes a water storage component, a flow control component connected to the lower part of the water storage component, a permeable specimen component arranged below the flow control component, the permeable specimen component including a permeable specimen chamber, a plurality of positioning nuts arranged on the lower part of the inner side of the permeable specimen chamber, a supporting truncated pyramid installed on each positioning nut, a glass grid placed on the plurality of supporting truncated pyramids, an asphalt specimen placed on the upper part of the glass grid, an adsorption and filtration material placed on the upper part of the asphalt specimen, and a collection component connected to the lower part of the permeable specimen chamber.

[0009] The above-mentioned device for adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution on asphalt pavement is characterized in that the water storage component includes a water tank and a tank cover hinged to the water tank, the bottom of the water tank is provided with multiple drainage holes, and the water tank contains surface runoff water samples from the asphalt pavement after rain.

[0010] The above-mentioned device for adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement is characterized in that a flow control component is inserted below the water tank and sealed by a rubber sealing ring.

[0011] The above-mentioned device for adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement is characterized in that the flow control component consists of a funnel-shaped main body and multiple pull-out perforated aluminum meshes arranged in parallel within the funnel-shaped main body. The pull-out perforated aluminum meshes include an outer layer and an inner layer that can be pulled out from the outer layer. Both the outer layer and the inner layer are provided with corresponding drainage holes, and the inner layer is provided with a handle.

[0012] The above-mentioned device for adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement is characterized in that a permeable test chamber is inserted below the flow control component and sealed by a rubber sealing ring.

[0013] The above-mentioned device for adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement is characterized in that a flow meter is provided outside the permeable specimen chamber to measure the water sample flowing out of the flow control component.

[0014] The device described above for adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution on asphalt pavement is characterized in that the number of positioning nuts is four and they are evenly distributed.

[0015] The above-mentioned device for adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement is characterized in that the asphalt specimen and the permeable specimen chamber are sealed with wax.

[0016] The above-mentioned device for adsorption and infiltration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement is characterized in that the adsorption and infiltration materials are, from top to bottom, a contact layer, a filter layer and a drainage layer. The contact layer is fine sand, zeolite and ceramsite wrapped with geotextile. The filter layer is slag and activated carbon wrapped with geotextile. The drainage layer is graded gravel wrapped with geotextile.

[0017] The above-mentioned device for adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement is characterized in that the collection component includes a collection chamber connected to the permeable specimen chamber by a snap fastener, and the collection chamber is provided with a liquid outlet pipe with a valve.

[0018] This utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] 1. This utility model uses a permeable specimen assembly to install adsorption and filtration materials and asphalt specimens, thereby adsorbing and filtration pollutants in water samples. It is mainly used to adsorb and filter runoff pollutants from asphalt pavements. By comparing the adsorption and filtration of the asphalt specimens, the influence of the adsorbed and filtered water samples on the asphalt pavement can be obtained. A collection assembly is set up to collect the adsorbed and filtered water samples, which facilitates the analysis of the adsorption and filtration of pollutants in the water samples, serving as a basis for the purification and circulation mechanism of asphalt pavement runoff pollution on trunk highways.

[0020] 2. This utility model uses a water storage component to store water samples and a flow control component to control the speed at which the water sample flows into the permeable test chamber, thereby controlling the adsorption and filtration rates. The device is flexible in its connection method and can be disassembled and replaced, which can improve the adsorption and filtration effects.

[0021] 3. The purpose of this utility model is to fully consider the problem of asphalt pavement runoff pollution on trunk highways and provide a test device for purifying surface runoff pollutants through a combination of adsorption and filtration. It can not only accurately filter solid matter, heavy metals, chlorides, N, P and other pollutants in rainfall runoff, reducing the degree of damage to the road surface caused by pollutants, but also ensure the benign circulation of groundwater and river components.

[0022] 4. The device of this utility model solves the shortcomings of the existing technology, which has a single treatment method, insignificant purification effect of adsorption and filtration, insufficient treatment of pollutants such as solid matter, heavy metals, chlorides, N, P and other rainwater runoff pollutants, and inability to guarantee the efficient recycling of purified runoff water.

[0023] In summary, the purpose of this utility model is to fully consider the problems of single treatment methods and incomplete treatment of pollutants such as solid matter and heavy metals in rainwater runoff. By placing adsorption and filtration materials in layers in the permeable test chamber, it can not only accurately filter pollutants such as solid matter and heavy metals in rainwater runoff and reduce the degree of damage to the road surface, but also ensure the efficient recycling of purified runoff water. The filtration device is detachable and replaceable, which is more flexible and can improve the accuracy of the results.

[0024] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device for adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement according to this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the water tank of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pull-out perforated aluminum mesh of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pull-out perforated aluminum mesh with drainage holes of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pull-out perforated aluminum mesh with the drainage hole partially open.

[0030] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure for closing the drain hole of the pull-out perforated aluminum mesh of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the permeable specimen chamber, the positioning nut, and the supporting frustum of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the glass grille of this utility model.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 1—Water storage component; 1-1—Water tank; 1-2—Tank cover;

[0035] 2—Flow control component; 2-1—Funnel-shaped main body; 2-2—Pull-out perforated aluminum mesh;

[0036] 2-3—Outer layer; 2-4—Inner layer; 2-5—Handle;

[0037] 3—Permeable specimen assembly; 3-1—Permeable specimen chamber; 3-2—Positioning nut;

[0038] 3-3—Supporting frustum; 3-4—Glass grid; 3-5—Asphalt specimen;

[0039] 3-6—Contact layer; 3-7—Filter layer; 3-8—Drainage layer;

[0040] 4—Collection component; 4-1—Collection chamber; 4-2—Valve;

[0041] 4-3—Outlet pipe; 5—Flow meter. Detailed Implementation

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the device for adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement according to this utility model includes a water storage component 1. A flow control component 2 is connected to the lower part of the water storage component 1. A permeable specimen component 3 is provided at the lower part of the flow control component 2. The permeable specimen component 3 includes a permeable specimen chamber 3-1. Multiple positioning nuts 3-2 are provided at the lower part of the inner side of the permeable specimen chamber 3-1. Each positioning nut 3-2 is equipped with a supporting truncated pyramid 3-3. A glass grid 3-4 is placed on the multiple supporting truncated pyramids 3-3. An asphalt specimen 3-5 is placed on the glass grid 3-4. Adsorption and filtration materials are placed on the asphalt specimen 3-5. A collection component 4 is also connected to the lower part of the permeable specimen chamber 3-1.

[0043] It should be noted that by setting up water storage component 1 to store water samples, and by setting up flow control component 2 to control the speed at which water samples flow into permeable specimen chamber 3-1, the rate of adsorption and filtration is controlled. By setting up permeable specimen component 3 to install adsorption and filtration materials and asphalt specimen 3-5, pollutants in the water samples are adsorbed and filtered. By comparing the adsorption and filtration of asphalt specimen 3-5, the impact of the water samples after adsorption and filtration on the asphalt pavement is obtained. By setting up collection component 4 to collect the water samples after adsorption and filtration, it is convenient to analyze the adsorption and filtration of pollutants in the water samples after adsorption and filtration.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, it should be noted that the positioning nut 3-2 is used to install the support frustum 3-3 and support the glass grid 3-4, the asphalt specimen 3-5 and the adsorption and filtration material. The glass grid 3-4 ensures that the water sample flows out quickly from the bottom of the asphalt specimen 3-5, thus ensuring the adsorption and filtration effect.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the water storage component 1 includes a water tank 1-1 and a cover 1-2 hinged to the water tank 1-1. The bottom of the water tank 1-1 has multiple drainage holes. A surface runoff sample from the asphalt pavement after rain is poured into the water tank 1-1. The water tank 1-1 is used to store the water sample. The cover 1-2 facilitates sealing the water tank 1-1 to prevent water evaporation and the entry of impurities into the water sample. The drainage holes allow the water sample to drip slowly into the flow control component 2. By using surface runoff samples from the asphalt pavement after rain, the system simulates the actual situation of polluted water on asphalt pavements, allowing for targeted analysis and research on the effects of pollutant adsorption and filtration.

[0046] It should be noted that, in addition to water, the main components of surface runoff water samples from asphalt pavements after rain are dissolved solids (DS), suspended solids (SS), heavy metals such as Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cr, and organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). It is important to note that the water samples should be refrigerated at 4°C or frozen rapidly and stored in the dark to inhibit biological activity and slow down physical volatilization and chemical reaction rates. The storage period should not exceed 24 hours.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a flow control component 2 is inserted below the water tank 1-1 and sealed with a rubber sealing ring. By inserting the flow control component 2 below the water tank 1-1 and sealing it with a rubber sealing ring, the sealing effect is ensured, preventing water sample loss.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figures 3-6As shown, in this embodiment, the flow control component 2 consists of a funnel-shaped main body 2-1 and multiple pull-out perforated aluminum meshes 2-2 arranged in parallel within the funnel-shaped main body 2-1. The pull-out perforated aluminum meshes 2-2 include an outer layer 2-3 and an inner layer 2-4 that is pulled out from the outer layer 2-3. Both the outer layer 2-3 and the inner layer 2-4 have corresponding drainage holes. The inner layer 2-4 is provided with a handle 2-5. The funnel-shaped main body 2-1 facilitates the collection of water samples flowing out of the water tank 1-1 into the permeable specimen assembly 3. Multiple pull-out perforated aluminum meshes 2-2 are used to further control the flow rate of water samples entering the permeable specimen chamber 3-1. The pull-out perforated aluminum meshes 2-2 are in an open state when the drainage holes of the outer layer 2-3 and the inner layer 2-4 are fully aligned, allowing the water sample to flow down quickly. When the drainage holes of the outer layer 2-3 and the inner layer 2-4 are not fully aligned, they are in a semi-open state, and the speed of water sample flow can be adjusted by controlling the size of the aligned drainage holes. When the drainage holes of the outer layer 2-3 and the inner layer 2-4 are not fully aligned, they are in a closed state, and the water sample cannot flow down. The handle 2-5 facilitates the pulling out of the inner layer 2-4.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a flow meter 5 is installed outside the permeable specimen chamber 3-1 to measure the water sample flowing out of the flow control component 2. By setting the flow meter 5 to count the flow rate of the water sample flowing out of the flow control component 2, the adsorption and percolation rates are statistically analyzed.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the permeable specimen chamber 3-1 is inserted below the flow control component 2 and sealed with a rubber sealing ring. By inserting the flow control component 2 below the permeable specimen chamber 3-1 and sealing it with a rubber sealing ring, the sealing effect is ensured, preventing water sample loss.

[0051] It should be noted that the flow meter 5 is a miniature liquid turbine electronic flow meter 5. This type of flow meter 5 obtains the fluid velocity by the rotational angular velocity of the turbine, and then calculates the fluid flow rate.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, there are four positioning nuts 3-2, which are evenly distributed. By setting four positioning nuts 3-2, that is, setting four supporting frustums 3-3, it is convenient to provide stable support for the glass grid 3-4, the asphalt specimen 3-5, and the adsorption and filtration material.

[0053] In this embodiment, the asphalt specimen 3-5 and the permeable specimen chamber 3-1 are sealed with wax. By sealing the asphalt specimen 3-5 and the permeable specimen chamber 3-1 with wax, it is ensured that all water samples flow through the asphalt specimen 3-5, thus guaranteeing the adsorption and filtration effects.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, the adsorption and filtration materials, from top to bottom, are a contact layer 3-6, a filter layer 3-7, and a drainage layer 3-8. The contact layer 3-6 consists of fine sand, zeolite, and ceramsite wrapped in geotextile; the filter layer 3-7 consists of slag and activated carbon wrapped in geotextile; and the drainage layer 3-8 consists of graded gravel wrapped in geotextile. Wrapping different materials with geotextile facilitates the removal and replacement of materials in each layer, improving efficiency. Furthermore, geotextile is a permeable, high-strength, and corrosion-resistant synthetic fiber fabric. Compared to gauze, geotextile is better suited to different working environments, less prone to damage, and effectively prevents the loss of wrapped material particles. Its filtration performance is stable, and it can withstand greater pressure and tension, which is more beneficial for the long-term wrapping and functional performance of the adsorption and filtration materials.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the collection component 4 includes a collection chamber 4-1 connected to the permeable specimen chamber 3-1 via a snap-fit ​​connection. The collection chamber 4-1 is equipped with an outlet pipe 4-3 with a valve 4-2. By connecting the collection chamber 4-1 to the permeable specimen chamber 3-1 via a snap-fit ​​connection, it is easy to remove the collection chamber 4-1 as a whole, thereby facilitating the installation of the various components in the permeable specimen chamber 3-1. The outlet pipe 4-3 with the valve 4-2 facilitates the extraction of water samples from the collection chamber 4-1 for testing.

[0056] In practical use, the surface runoff water sample collected from the asphalt pavement after rain is first tested. Then, the water is poured into water tank 1-1 and the tank cover 1-2 is closed. Next, the drainage holes of the pull-out perforated aluminum mesh 2-2 are adjusted to control the water sample to slowly drip into the permeable specimen chamber 3-1, thereby flowing sequentially through the adsorption and filtration material and the asphalt specimen 3-5 for adsorption and filtration. After the water sample has completely flowed into the collection chamber 4-1, the adsorbed and filtered water sample is taken out from the collection chamber and tested. The pollutants are compared with those of the surface runoff water sample collected from the asphalt pavement after rain, and the pollutants of the asphalt specimen 3-5 are also tested. This allows us to obtain information on the adsorption and filtration of surface runoff pollution on the asphalt pavement by the adsorption and filtration material, as well as the impact of the adsorbed and filtered water sample on the asphalt pavement. The operation is simple and easy to promote and apply.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and does not constitute any limitation on this utility model. Any simple modifications, alterations, and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for adsorption and infiltration of surface runoff pollutants on asphalt pavements, characterized in that, The device includes a water storage component (1), a flow control component (2) is connected to the lower part of the water storage component (1), a permeable specimen component (3) is provided at the lower part of the flow control component (2), the permeable specimen component (3) includes a permeable specimen chamber (3-1), a plurality of positioning nuts (3-2) are provided at the lower part of the inner side of the permeable specimen chamber (3-1), a support truncated pyramid (3-3) is installed on each of the positioning nuts (3-2), a glass grid (3-4) is placed on the plurality of support truncated pyramids (3-3), an asphalt specimen (3-5) is placed on the upper part of the glass grid (3-4), an adsorption and permeation material is placed on the upper part of the asphalt specimen (3-5), and a collection component (4) is also connected to the lower part of the permeable specimen chamber (3-1).

2. The device for adsorption and infiltration of surface runoff pollution on asphalt pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage component (1) includes a water tank (1-1) and a cover (1-2) hinged to the water tank (1-1). The bottom of the water tank (1-1) has multiple drainage holes. A surface runoff sample of the asphalt road surface after rain is poured into the water tank (1-1).

3. The device for adsorption and infiltration of surface runoff pollution on asphalt pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow control component (2) is inserted below the water tank (1-1) and sealed by a rubber sealing ring.

4. The device for adsorption and infiltration of surface runoff pollution on asphalt pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow control component (2) consists of a funnel-shaped main body (2-1) and multiple pull-out perforated aluminum meshes (2-2) arranged in parallel within the funnel-shaped main body (2-1). The pull-out perforated aluminum meshes (2-2) include an outer layer (2-3) and an inner layer (2-4) that is pulled out from the outer layer (2-3). Both the outer layer (2-3) and the inner layer (2-4) have corresponding drainage holes. The inner layer (2-4) is provided with a handle (2-5).

5. The device for adsorption and infiltration of surface runoff pollution on asphalt pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow control component (2) is inserted into the permeable test chamber (3-1) below and sealed by a rubber sealing ring.

6. The device for adsorption and infiltration of surface runoff pollution on asphalt pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permeable specimen chamber (3-1) is equipped with a flow meter (5) for measuring the water sample flowing out of the flow control component (2).

7. The device for adsorption and infiltration of surface runoff pollution on asphalt pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of positioning nuts (3-2) is four and they are evenly distributed.

8. The device for adsorption and infiltration of surface runoff pollution on asphalt pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The asphalt specimen (3-5) and the permeable specimen chamber (3-1) are sealed with wax.

9. The device for adsorption and infiltration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption and filtration materials are arranged from top to bottom as a contact layer (3-6), a filter layer (3-7), and a drainage layer (3-8). The contact layer (3-6) is fine sand, zeolite, and ceramsite wrapped in geotextile. The filter layer (3-7) is slag and activated carbon wrapped in geotextile. The drainage layer (3-8) is graded gravel wrapped in geotextile.

10. The device for adsorption and infiltration of surface runoff pollution in asphalt pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collection component (4) includes a collection chamber (4-1) that is connected to the permeable specimen chamber (3-1) by a snap fastener, and the collection chamber (4-1) is provided with an outlet pipe (4-3) with a valve (4-2).

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